Effluent Characterisation Study · Effluent Characterisation Study 289584/IWE/R/04/A 05 September 2012 20120905 - 289584 - Part A Final Report.doc The authors of this report wish

Effluent Characterisation Study

Part A: WWTP Characterisation - Final Report

July 2012

Environmental Protection Agency

289584 IWE CCX R0004 C

C:\DOCUME~1\osc38241\OTLocal\PIMSLI~1\Workbin\59917BB4.0\Part A Final Report.doc 20 July 2012


Part A: WWTP Characterisation - Final Report

July 2012


Mott MacDonald, 5 Eastgate Avenue, Eastgate, Little Island, Cork, Co Cork, Ireland

T +353 (0)21 4809 800 F +353 (0)21 4809 801, W www.mottmac.com

Johnstown Castle Estate, Co Wexford, Ireland


Mott MacDonald, 5 Eastgate Avenue, Eastgate, Little Island, Cork, Co Cork, Ireland

T +353 (0)21 4809 800 F +353 (0)21 4809 801, W www.mottmac.com

Issue and revision record

This document is issued for the party which commissioned it

and for specific purposes connected with the above-captioned

project only. It should not be relied upon by any other party or

used for any other purpose.

We accept no responsibility for the consequences of this

document being relied upon by any other party, or being used

for any other purpose, or containing any error or omission which

is due to an error or omission in data supplied to us by other

parties.

This document contains confidential information and proprietary

intellectual property. It should not be shown to other parties

without consent from us and from the party which

commissioned it.

Revision Date Originator Checker Approver Description

A 27 June 2012 A Lambe/ R McEvoy

F McGivern F McGivern Initial Issue

B 13 July 2012 R McEvoy S. Shanahan F McGivern Following Steering Group

Comments

C 20 July 2012 R McEvoy A. Lambe F McGivern Minor Amendments

289584/IWE/R/04/A 05 September 2012 20120905 - 289584 - Part A Final Report.doc


The authors of this report wish to acknowledge the support and guidance provided by representatives,

outlined below, of the EPA’s Office of Environmental Enforcement (OEE); Office of Climate, Licensing and

Resources (OCLR); Office of Environmental Assessment (OEA) and of Dublin and Cork Local Authorities.

This support and guidance was provided throughout the undertaking of this study and in the development

of the urban wastewater PRTR Estimation toolset V5.0, in their capacity as Steering Group members and

also for the individual advice and direction they provided.

� Ms Anthea Southey (OEE)

� Mr Patrick Geoghegan (OEE)

� Ms Imelda Averill (Dublin City Council)

� Ms Valerie Hannon (Cork Co. Co)

� Mr Peter Webster (OEA)

� Dr Colman Concannon (OEA)

� Mr Brian Quirke (OCLR)

� Mr Martin Doyle (OCLR alterative)

� Mr Brendan Kissane (OEE)

The assistance provided by staff at Cork City Council, Cork County Council, Dublin City Council, Galway

County Council, Laois County Council, Limerick County Council, Louth County Council, Waterford City

Council, and Westmeath County Council in providing and/or facilitating the acquisition of waste water

samples and information for the development of the UWW PRTR Estimination Toolset V5.0 is greatly

appreciated.

The involvement of Severn Trent Laboratories in sample collection and analysis is recognised and much

appreciated.

We finally wish to thank the Board of the Agency for facilitating this important national study through the

provision of funding.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT



Content

Chapter Title Page

1. Introduction 1

1.1 Background __________________________________________________________________________ 1 1.2 Project Scope ________________________________________________________________________ 1

2. Sampling & Analysis 4

2.1 Reconnaissance of WWTP Sampling Facilities ______________________________________________ 4 2.2 Sampling Programme __________________________________________________________________ 4 2.3 Analysis _____________________________________________________________________________ 7

3. Results 14

3.1 Introduction _________________________________________________________________________ 14 3.2 General Parameters __________________________________________________________________ 14 3.3 Metals _____________________________________________________________________________ 17 3.4 Pesticides __________________________________________________________________________ 22 3.5 Triazine Herbicides, Substituted Ureas, Organotin Compounds (as Sn) and Acid Herbicides _________ 26 3.6 PAHs ______________________________________________________________________________ 31 3.7 PCBs – Pesticides and others __________________________________________________________ 34 3.8 SVOCs ____________________________________________________________________________ 37 3.9 Phenols, Organic Fluorochemicals, and Polybrominated diphenylethers _________________________ 41

4. Analysis of Results and Identification of Trends 44

4.1 Introduction _________________________________________________________________________ 44 4.2 Catchment and Treatment Plant Characteristics & Trends in the Occurrence and Concentration of

PRTR Substances ____________________________________________________________________ 46

5. AER/PRTR UWWTP Emission Estimation Toolset Development 78

5.1 Overview of the Tool __________________________________________________________________ 78 5.2 Assessment of Treatment Plant Characteristics & Trends_____________________________________ 78 5.3 Simple Substitution ___________________________________________________________________ 79 5.4 Emission Concentrations Used in the Tool_________________________________________________ 89 5.5 UWWTP Emissions Estimation Toolset Input Requirements & Functionality ______________________ 92 5.6 Validation ___________________________________________________________________________ 95

6. Recommendation for Further Development of the Tool 97

7. References 98

Appendices 99

Appendix A. Results ___________________________________________________________________________ 100 Appendix B. Catchment Characteristics & Trends ____________________________________________________ 103 Appendix C. Validation of Emission Concentrations ___________________________________________________ 116



List of Figures

Figure 1.1 Waste Water Treatment Plant Locations _____________________________________________________ 2 Figure 5.1 Extract from Updated EstimationTool – User Data Input Interface ________________________________ 92 Figure 5.2 Extract from Updated EstimationTool – Measured Values Interface _______________________________ 93 Figure 5.3 Extract from Updated EstimationTool – Water Emissions Estimates Interface _______________________ 94 Figure 5.4 Extract from Updated EstimationTool – Releases to Water Output Table Interface ___________________ 95

List of Tables

Table 1.1 List of WWTPS Included in the Effluent Characterisation Study _________________________________ 3 Table 2.1 Analysis from Revisited WWTPs _________________________________________________________ 5 Table 2.2 Summary Field Data for Sampling Events __________________________________________________ 6 Table 2.3 List of Substances to be analysed ________________________________________________________ 9 Table 2.4 Summary of Analysis Carried out in Round 1, Round 2 and Round 3 ____________________________ 13 Table 3.1: General Parameters – Influent __________________________________________________________ 16 Table 3.2: General Parameters - Effluent __________________________________________________________ 16 Table 3.3: Metals – Influent _____________________________________________________________________ 20 Table 3.4: Metals – Effluent _____________________________________________________________________ 21 Table 3.5 Pesticides – Influent __________________________________________________________________ 24 Table 3.6 Pesticides – Effluent __________________________________________________________________ 25 Table 3.7 Triazine Herbicides, Substituted Ureas, Organotin Compounds (as Sn) and Acid Herbicides – Influent _ 29 Table 4.1 Levels of Treatment at the Eleven WWTPs ________________________________________________ 69 Table 5.1 Summary of Parameters Identified as having an Association with a Catchment Characteristic ________ 79 Table 5.2 Simple Substitution Rational ____________________________________________________________ 82 Table 5.3 Simple Substitution Audit Trail __________________________________________________________ 89 Table 5.4 Emission Concentrations for Parameters Linked to PE _______________________________________ 89 Table 5.5 Emission Concentrations for Parameters Linked to PE & Coastal Location _______________________ 90 Table 5.6 Emission Concentrations for Parameters Linked to Type and Level of Treatment __________________ 91 Table 5.7 Emission Concentrations for Parameters Linked to Coastal Locations ___________________________ 91 Table 7.1 Emission factors generated for Plants of <10,000 PE included in this study validated against measured data

for the individual Plants _______________________________________________________________ 117 Table 7.2 Emission factors generated for Plants of 10,000 PE to 50,000 PE included in this study validated against

measured data for the individual Plants __________________________________________________ 120 Table 7.3 Emission factors generated for Plants of >50,000 PE included in this study validated against measured data

for the individual Plants _______________________________________________________________ 123 Table 7.4 Emission factors generated for Plants with no treatment validated against measured data for the Buncrana

WWTP ____________________________________________________________________________ 127





The European Communities (European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register) Regulations 2007 came

into operation on 22 March 2007 giving effect to Regulation (EC) No 166/2006 concerning the

establishment of a European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR). Activities set out in Annex

I of Regulation (EC) No 166/2006 are required to report on their releases of PRTR substances and off-site

transfers of PRTR substances to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on an annual basis.

In order to assist facility operators in the reporting of such data the EPA has developed sector-specific

excel-based Estimation tools. The Estimation tools provide facility operators with a means of estimating

releases of PRTR substances to air, water and land using best available scientific knowledge and expertise

in the absence of measured values.

This study focuses on the excel-based Estimation tool for waste water treatment plants. The Estimation

tool, in respect of releases to water, is a crude tool to estimate annual mass releases (emissions) based on

an estimate of the total volume of the annual discharge from the site. The tool is based on emission

coefficients developed using two sets of analytical data, both relating to characterisation of effluents from

Dublin City Council’s Ringsend WWTP.

The main objective of this project is to redefine the tool by capturing data from 11 UWWTPs of varying

agglomeration capacities and with different domestic and industrial inputs than the current toolset. The

revised PRTR Estimation model will provide a more representative estimation of PRTR pollutants for

reporting purposes.

Influent and effluent samples were collected from the eleven treatment plants on a quartly basis between

July 2011 and April 2012. The samples were analysed for 89 pollutants (70 of which are PRTR pollutants

relevant to water emissions with the remaining comprising of additional substances of interest to the EPA

e.g. WFD surveillance monitoring parameters of significance which have been found in Irish water courses

and some of the POPs). The relative contributions of PRTR substances from the 11 UWWTPs were

evaluated in terms of the characteristics of the treatment plant and surround catchment. Certain

parameters were identified as occurring more frequently and/or at higher concentrations in association with

particular treatment plant characteristics e.g. population equivalent served, level of treatment provided and

coastal location. Emission concentrations were generated for use in the Tool that are reflective of the

observations made regarding the concentrations of parameters associated with the treatment plant

characteristics. The emission factors were validated against historic measured data from each waste water

treatment plant included in the study.

Executive Summary


1


1.1 Background

The European Communities (European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register) Regulations 2007 came

into operation on 22 March 2007 giving effect to Regulation (EC) No 166/2006 concerning the

establishment of a European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR).

The E-PRTR is an inventory of pollutants of concern which are released from specified activities (through

routine discharge, accidental, fugitive and non-routine discharges) to air, water and soil, and transferred off-

site for treatment or disposal. Activities set out in Annex I of Regulation (EC) No 166/2006 are required to

report on their releases of PRTR substances and off-site transfers of PRTR substances by 31 March each

year (or 28th February in the case of waste water treatment plants). Such activities include IPPC licensed

facilities, waste licensed activities and waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) licensed by the

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

PRTR data is available for public inspection at facility level through the E-PRTR website

http://prtr.ec.europa.eu. This facilitates data transparency and encourages public participation in

environmental decision making. While the intention of the E-PRTR is not to regulate emissions of

pollutants, by making the data available for public inspection this encourages greater compliance amongst

industries. The reported data may also be used to track pollution trends and to focus compliance actions

towards facilities / sectors identified as having the greatest releases.

The EPA is the competent authority in Ireland for reporting PRTR data to Europe. The EPA is therefore

responsible for gathering all PRTR data from the relevant EPA-licensed facilities and for carrying out a

quality check of the reported data before it is submitted to Europe. EPA-licenced facilities are required to

submit an Annual Environmental Report (AER) before 31st March (or 28th February in the case of waste

water treatment plants) each year which must set out the environmental performance of the activity. This

must include PRTR emission data, which is to be reported in kg per annum, and waste transfer data, which

is to be reported in tonnes per annum. Facilities must report measured data where it is available (e.g. for all

parameters required to be monitored under licence conditions). The monitoring of PRTR pollutants may not

be prescribed as a licence condition and measured data may therefore not be available in all cases. In

such circumstances either a Calculated or an Estimated emission value must be reported.

Emission values may be Calculated using national or international emission models which have been

approved for use by the EPA e.g. the UN-ECE / EMEP Atmospheric Emission Inventory Guidebook. In

order to assist in deriving an Estimated emission value, the EPA has developed sector-specific excel-based

Estimation tools. The Estimation tools provide facility operators with a means of estimating releases of

PRTR substances to air, water and land using best available scientific knowledge and expertise.

1.2 Project Scope

Mott MacDonald Ireland Ltd. was appointed by the EPA on 26 May 2011 to assess the current WWTP-

specific excel-based Estimation tool1 and to broaden its applicability to a wider mix of treatment plant

agglomerations than the current version of the tool. Severn Trent Laboratories were appointed as the main

contract laboratory by Mott MacDonald. RPS Mountainheath was sub-contracted by STL to do some of the

more complex analysis.

_________________________ 1 AER / PRTR UWWTP Emissions Calculation Toolset Version 4.0 - developed by the EPA for estimating releases of PRTR

substances from waste water treatment plants licenced under the Waste Water Discharge (Authorisation) Regulations 2007

1. Introduction


2


The AER / PRTR UWWTP Emissions Calculation Toolset Version 4.0 is provided to local authorities to

assist with estimating emissions of PRTR pollutant emissions to Air and Water. The Estimation

methodology presented in the current version of the tool in respect of releases to water is a crude tool to

estimate annual mass releases (emissions) based on an estimate of the total volume of the annual

discharge from the site. The tool is based on emission coefficients developed using two sets of analytical

data, both relating to characterisation of effluents from Dublin City Council’s Ringsend WWTP. Mass loads

were calculated from the data generated in these studies and annual concentrations were estimated using

flow weighted averaging. The current version of the model is considered to be an adequate starting point

for AER/PRTR reporting purposes however the EPA decided to carry out a further effluent characterisation

exercise at additional UWWTPs to broaden the applicability of the model and in particular address a wider

combination of urban and industrial pressures than the current version of the tool.

The main objective of this project is to redefine the model by capturing data from 11 UWWTPs of varying

agglomeration capacities and with different domestic and industrial inputs than the current toolset. The

revised PRTR Estimation model will provide a more representative estimation of PRTR pollutants and

priority substances for reporting purposes.

The EPA identified eleven waste water treatment plants which were be targeted for quarterly sampling. The

location of the eleven treatment plants is shown on Figure 1.1 and they are further described in Table 1.1.

Figure 1.1 Waste Water Treatment Plant Locations


3


Table 1.1 List of WWTPS Included in the Effluent Characterisation Study

WWTP/Agglomeration Name City/County PE BAND Co-Ordinates Level of Treatment

Dublin City - Ringsend Dublin City >50,000 pe 320355E, 233396N Secondary

Cork City - Carrigrennan Cork City >50,000 pe 176919E, 70673N Secondary

Waterford City and Environs Waterford City >50,000 pe 264559E, 112278N Secondary

Dundalk Louth >50,000 pe 308102E, 307706N Secondary

Athlone Westmeath 10,000 to 50,000 pe

204941E, 240513N Secondary with NR/P removal

Portarlington Laois 10,000 to 50,000 pe

256198E, 211778N

Secondary (SBR)

Ballinasloe Galway County 10,000 to 50,000 pe

185944E, 230134N Secondary with P removal

Blarney Cork (Southern division) 10,000 to 50,000 pe

159196E, 74918N Secondary with NR, Oxidation and P removal

Newcastle West Limerick County 2,000 to 10,000 pe

129597E, 132851N Secondary with NR and Oxidation Ditch

Mitchelstown Cork (Northern division) 2,000 to 10,000 pe

181000E, 113400N Secondary with NR and P removal

Watergrasshill Cork (Northern division) 2,000 to 10,000 pe

177230E, 085396N Tertiary with NR


4


2.1 Reconnaissance of WWTP Sampling Facilities

The 11 WWTPs were visited in June 2011 to assess the sampling facilities available on site in order that a

determination may be made as to their suitability for use. Mott MacDonald Ireland and in some cases EPA

staff met with the Local Authority Staff responsible for the operation of the waste water treatment plants,

and the staff which would be assisting in the sampling. During the site visits the sampling facilities and

locations were identified and recorded. A walkover of the site was conducted to gather information

regarding the WWTP process and operation and also details of the WWTP catchment. The site visits also

allowed the identification of any issues which may impact on sampling at the selected WWTPs.

In general issues which were encountered during the site visits included; sample size, timing of sampling,

the requirement for site inductions and faulty sampling equipment. A sampling protocol and sampling

programme was developed to address these issues. Some facilities had difficulties in providing a 10L

sample over one day; this was resolved by providing a composite sample over a number of days. Where

composite samplers were not available or where sample refrigeration could not be provided, a grab sample

was provided. The sampling was co-ordinated with the Local Authority Staff to ensure sampling times did

not conflict with pre-existing sampling requirements and that the Laboratory Staff were scheduled to collect

the sample on that day.

Following on from the site visits, a Site Pack for Samplers was prepared; this document included the

protocol for sampling and site information. Field Data Sheets were also issued to the Local Authority Staff

which included a section to be completed by the plant operator at the time of sampling. Information

gathered from field sheets, was utilised in the assessment of the monitoring results.

2.2 Sampling Programme

Each WWTP caretaker/operator was contacted one week before the scheduled sampling date to ascertain

whether there were any contraindications to proceeding with the sampling e.g. plant failure etc.

The first round of sampling was conducted on 19th to 21

st July (inclusive). All samples were collected on

schedule and there were no issues with the delivery to the labs.

The second round of sampling was scheduled to take place between 24th October and 26

th October 2011

inclusive. However a decision had to be taken to postpone the sampling at the Ringsend WWTP due to

extreme weather conditions during the previous week. Heavy rainfall causing flooding within the catchment

resulted in very sludgy waste water entering the treatment plant which the plant operator described as not

representative of the typical waste water from the agglomeration. Sampling was rescheduled to take place

on the following Wednesday 2nd

November. Sampling at the Watergrasshill WWTP took place on 31st

October to accommodate the caretaker’s annual leave. Sampling at Ballinasloe took place on 2nd

November to accommodate the caretaker. Sampling at all other plants was as scheduled.

During the transfer of the samples for the second round of sampling the logistics company damaged and

misdirected some of the boxes therefore not all of the required sample bottles were delivered to the

laboratory. At the time of sampling, additional spare sample containers were filled to cover such an

eventuality. However given the large sample volume required (10L) for the PRTR analysis and the number

2. Sampling & Analysis


5


of boxes damaged, it was estimated that the lab would still be short sample. Also, because of the way the

samples are shipped, it was not clear at the early stage which WWTPs were affected. As a precautionary

measure each of the WWTPs was revisited to collect more sample during the period 14th – 16th

November. The analysis conducted using the samples from the revisit are outlined in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1 Analysis from Revisited WWTPs

Site Analyte

Athlone Out Hexabromocyclododecane DEHP Chlordecone PBDEs & PBBs

Carrigrennan In Hexabromocyclododecane DEHP Chlordecone

Carrigrennan Out Glyphosate

Dundalk Out Mirex DEHP Chlordecone PBDEs & PBBs

Mitchelstown In Hexabromocyclododecane DEHP Chlordecone Toxaphene

Mitchelstown Out Mirex PBDEs & PBBs

Portarlington Out Mirex DEHP Chlordecone PBDEs & PBBs

Waterford In Hexabromocyclododecane Toxaphene

Waterford Out Mirex PBDEs & PBBs

The third round of sampling was conducted between 23rd

January and 25th January 2012 (inclusive). All

samples were collected on schedule and there were no issues with the delivery to the labs.

The fourth round of sampling was conducted between 16th April 2012 and 19

th April 2012 (inclusive). All

samples were collected on schedule and there were no issues with the delivery to the labs.

Summary data pertaining to conditions at the time of each round of sampling is presented in Table 2.2


6


Table 2.2 Summary Field Data for Sampling Events

Sample Type Rainfall Over Previous 7 Days Notes

Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4

Dublin City - Ringsend

3 day flow proportional

(17th, 18th & 19th July)

Grab

(2nd November)

Grab

(25th January)

3 day flow proportional

(16th, 17th & 18th April)

0.3mm 15.2mm 5-10mm 12mm Leachate received

Sludge received

Leachate received

Sludge received

Leachate received

Sludge received

The samples were taken in the morning with rain over night. The load may therefore be low.

Leachate received

Sludge received

Plant received unusually high load on 16th April (195 tonnes TSS)

Cork City - Carrigrennan

1 day time average composite

(20th July)


(26th October)


(23rd January)


(16th April)

3.5mm 21.4mm 7.8mm 8.2mm - - - -

Waterford City


(18th July)


(25th October)

3 day composite

(20th, 21st & 22nd January)


(16th April)

Low rainfall

Heavy Rain

Dry Heavy rain over previous 24 hours

Only one primary settling tank in operation due to maintenance.

- - -

Dundalk


(19th July)


(24th October)


(25th January)


(16th April)

11.5mm Weather station fault

5.3mm 11.5mm Sludge received

Storm holding tank was cleaned during sampling period

Plant running at max inlet flow due to rain.

Sludge received

Sludge received Sludge received.

Majority of rainfall was on day that sampling took place.

Athlone

Grab

(20th July)

Grab

(26th October)

Grab

(23rd January)

Grab

(16th April)

Mixed wet Storm Low rainfall

- Leachate received Heavy infiltration - -

Portarlington


(18th July)

Grab

(26th October)

Grab (influent) (23rd January) and 1 day composite (effluent) (22nd January)

3 day composite

(14th -16th April)

11.8mm 70.5mm 42.7 mm 9mm - - - -

Ballinasloe


(19th & 20th July)


(2nd November)


(22nd January)

Grab

(16th April)

No rainfall Heavy Rain

Low rainfall

- - - - Received leachate

Blarney


(20th July)


(25th October)


(23rd January)


(16th April)

No rainfall 38.6mm 4mm - Sludge received - - -

Newcastle West

2 day composite (influent) (17th & 18th July)

grab (effluent) (19th July)

1 day composite

(26th October)

1 day composite

(22nd January)

Grab (17th April) 3 days heavy rainfall

Heavy rain Rain showers

Low in general with heavy rainfall on day of sampling

- - - A lot of storm water.

Leachate received

Mitchelstown

Grab

(19th July)

Grab

(25th October)

Grab

(24th January)

Grab

(16th April)

Low rainfall

Heavy rain Low rainfall

- 3 of 4 biofilters working. Wash off belt press being returned during sampling period

High storm water from combined sewers

- -

Watergrasshill


(19th & 20th July)


(31st October)


(21st & 22nd January)

Grab

(16th April)

Low rainfall

Heavy Rain

Low rainfall

- - - - -


7


2.3 Analysis

The quarterly influent and effluent samples taken from the 11 waste water treatment plants were to be

analysed for 89 pollutants (70 of which are PRTR pollutants relevant to water emissions with the remaining

comprising of additional substances of interest to the EPA e.g. WFD surveillance monitoring parameters of

significance which have been found in Irish water courses and some of the POPs). Table 2.3 identifies the

substances included in the study.

Following the first round of sampling it became evident that the limits of detection (LODs) prescribed in the

project brief could not be achieved for certain parameters. Due to the nature of the samples (influent and

effluent waste waters), there was a high level of interference. Difficulties were encountered in reading the

peaks on the chromatograms due to interference from the sample matrix. The presence or absence of the

parameter being analysed for could not be stated with certainty in such circumstances. In order to

overcome this problem the sample was diluted to make it ‘cleaner’ until such time as an accurate reading

could be made. The effect of diluting the sample was that the fixed proportion of water added had to be

accounted for by raising the LOD. The result being that the LODs prescribed in the brief for some

parameters could not be achieved.

Following consultation with the EPA it was agreed to proceed on the basis that some samples would

require dilution and that the best attainable LODs would be reported. Parameters for which this approach

was agreed are noted as ‘Best Attainable’ in Table 2.3.

It is important to bear in mind that the levels of dilution required to facilitate an accurate reading varied

between parameters and also from sample to sample and ranged anywhere from 10 dilutions to >500

dilutions. The LODs reported are in some cases therefore different between waste water treatment plants.

The raised LODs reported are also different between each round of sampling conducted to date. This has

an inhibitory effect when cross-comparing waste water treatment plants against each other and against

each round of sampling.

For other parameters, namely Chloro-alkanes C10 - C13, Halogenated Organic Compounds (as AOX) and

Dicofol, difficulties were encountered in method development and no result could be provided. While for

others the method development facilitated the reporting of a result at a much higher LOD than required,

namely Chlordecone, and Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). The decision was taken to excluded Chloro-

alkanes C10 - C13, Halogenated Organic Compounds (as AOX) and Dicofol from further analysis as

indicated by ‘Not Achievable’ in Table 2.3 and to continue the analysis of Chlordecone, and

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) at the agreed higher reporting limit, as indicated in bold in


8


Table 2.3.


9


Table 2.3 List of Substances to be analysed

Parameter No

Determinants Group Proposed LOD (source: EPA)

Reporting Limit

(source: STL)

Analysis Technique (source: STL)

1 Total nitrogen (as N) General Parameters 0.9 mg/l 0.9 mg/l Colorimetry

2 Total phosphorus (as P) General Parameters 0.02 mg/l 0.019 mg/l Nitric digest/ICP

3 Total organic carbon

(as C)

General Parameters 0.7 mg/l 0.7 mg/l

IR

4 Chlorides (as total Cl) General Parameters 0.9 mg/l 0.9 mg/l Colorimetry

5 Cyanides (as total CN) General Parameters 0.01 mg/l 0.009 mg/l Colorimetry

6 Fluorides (as total F) General Parameters 0.2 mg/l 0.2 mg/l ISE

7 Conductivity (uS/cm) General Parameters 30 uS/cm 30 uS/cm Electrode

8 Total Hardness

(mg/l CaCO3)

General Parameters 2.0 mg/l 2.0 mg/l

Nitric digest/ICP

9 pH General Parameters Electrode

10 Arsenic and compounds (as As) Metals 0.001 mg/l 0.0014 mg/l ICP-MS

11 Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) Metals 0.6 µg/l 0.6 µg/l Nitric digest/ICP

12 Chromium and compounds (as Cr) Metals 0.7 µg/l 0.7 µg/l Nitric digest/ICP

13 Copper and compounds (as Cu) Metals 1.0 µg/l 1.0 µg/l Nitric digest/ICP

14 Mercury and compounds (as Hg) Metals 0.1 µg/l 0.1 µg/l

Atomic Fluorescence

15 Nickel and compounds (as Ni) Metals 2.0 µg/l 2.0 µg/l Nitric digest/ICP

16 Lead and compounds (as Pb) Metals 5.0 µg/l 5.0 µg/l Nitric digest/ICP

17 Zinc and compounds

(as Zn)

Metals 3.0 µg/l 3.0 µg/l

Nitric digest/ICP

18 Selenium Metals 1.6 µg/l 1.6 µg/l ICP-MS

19 Antimony Metals 1.6 µg/l 1.6 µg/l ICP-MS

20 Molybdenum Metals 2.0 µg/l 2.0 µg/l Nitric digest/ICP

21 Tin Metals 5.0 µg/l 5.0 µg/l Nitric digest/ICP

22 Barium Metals 0.6 µg/l 0.6 µg/l Nitric digest/ICP

23 Boron Metals 120 µg/l 120 µg/l Nitric digest/ICP

24 Cobalt Metals 0.6 µg/l 0.6 µg/l Nitric digest/ICP

25 Vanadium Metals 2.0 µg/l 2.0 µg/l Nitric digest/ICP

26 Chloro-alkanes, short chain C10-C13 Pesticides

0.003 µg/l Not Achievable

Difficult to analyse, affected by sample matrix


10


Parameter No


Reporting Limit

(source: STL)


interference

27 Alachlor Pesticides 0.004 µg/l 0.04 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

28 Aldrin Pesticides 0.004 µg/l 0.004 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

29 Dieldrin Pesticides 0.004µg/l 0.004 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

30 Endrin Pesticides 0.004 µg/l 0.004 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

31 Heptachlor Pesticides 0.001 µg/l 0.001 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

32 Chlordane Pesticides 0.003 µg/l 0.002 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

33 Chlordecone* Pesticides 0.003 µg/l 1 µg/l GCMSMS

34 Mirex* Pesticides 0.004 ug/ 4 ng/l GCMSMS

35 Endosulphan Pesticides 0.004 µg/l 0.004 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

36 Dichlobenil Pesticides 0.002 µg/l 0.002 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

37 Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane)

Pesticides 0.003 µg/l 0.003 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

38 Isodrin Pesticides 0.004 µg/l 0.004 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

39 DDT - sum of all isomers Pesticides 0.002 µg/l 0.002 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

40 Trifluralin Pesticides 0.03 µg/l 0.03 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

41 Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) Pesticides 0.002 µg/l 0.002 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

42 Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) Pesticides 0.007 µg/l 0.007 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

43 Chlorfenvinphos Pesticides 0.002 µg/l 0.002 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

44 Chlorpyrifos Pesticides 0.002 µg/l 0.002 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

45 Atrazine Triazine Herbicides 0.04 µg/l 0.04 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

46 Simazine Triazine Herbicides 0.04 µg/l 0.04 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

47 Diuron Substituted Ureas 0.05 µg/l Best Attainable LC with UV

48 Linuron Substituted Ureas 0.05 µg/l Best Attainable LC with UV

49 Isoproturon Substituted Ureas 0.05 µg/l Best Attainable LC with UV

50 Triphenyltin Organotin compounds (as total Sn)

0.020 µg/l Best Attainable GCMS

51 Organotin Organotin compounds (as total Sn)


52 Tributyltin Organotin compounds (as total Sn)


53 Mecoprop Acid Herbicides 0.04 µg/l Best Attainable GCMS

54 2,4-D Acid Herbicides 0.05 µg/l Best Attainable GCMS


11


Parameter No


Reporting Limit

(source: STL)


55 MCPA Acid Herbicides 0.05 µg/l Best Attainable GCMS

56 Glyphosate Acid Herbicides 0.08 µg/l Best Attainable SPE-LCMS/MS

57 PAH, Total PAHs 0.001 µg/l 0.01 µg/l GC

58 Benzo[a]pyrene, Benzo[b]fluoranthene, Benzo[k]fluoranthene, Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene & Benzo[ghi]perylene

PAHs 0.001 µg/l 0.01 µg/l

GC

59 Anthracene PAHs 0.001 µg/l 0.01 µg/l GC

60 Naphthalene PAHs 0.001 µg/l 0.01 µg/l GC

61 Fluoranthene PAHs 0.001 µg/l 0.01 µg/l GC

62 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors

PCBs- Pesticides and others

0.004 µg/l 0.004 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

63 Halogenated organic compounds (as AOX)

PCBs- Pesticides and others


Difficult to analyse, affected by sample matrix interference

64 Tetrachloroethylene (PER) PCBs- Pesticides and others

0.01 µg/l 1 µg/l Purge and Trap GCMS

65 Tetrachloromethane (TCM) PCBs- Pesticides and others


66 Trichloroethylene PCBs- Pesticides and others


67 Vinyl chloride PCBs- Pesticides and others

0.01 µg/l 0.5 µg/l Purge and Trap GCMS

68 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) PCBs- Pesticides and others


69 Dichloromethane (DCM) PCBs- Pesticides and others


70 Carbon tetrachloride PCBs- Pesticides and others 0.01 µg/l

See Tetrachloromethane (Nr. 65)

71 Phenols (as total C) Phenols 0.5 µg/l 0.5 µg/l GC

72 Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates

Phenols 1.0 µg/l 0.5 µg/l

GCMS

73 Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs)

Phenols 1.0 µg/l 1 µg/l

GCMS

74 Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers) SVOCs 1.0 µg/l Best Attainable GCMS

75 Pentachlorophenol (PCP) SVOCs 1.0 µg/l Best Attainable GCMS

76 Pentachlorobenzene SVOCs 0.003 µg/l 0.004 µg/l PESTS GCMSMS

77 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide SVOCs 0.06 µg/l

78 Benzene as BTEX SVOCs 1.0 µg/l 0.1 µg/l GCMS

79 Toluene as BTEX SVOCs 1.0 µg/l 0.1 µg/l GCMS

80 Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX

SVOCs 1.0 µg/l 0.2 µg/l GCMS

81 Ethyl benzene (BTEX) SVOCs 3.0 µg/l 0.1 µg/l GCMS

82 Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate SVOCs 0.05 µg/l 0.1 µg/l GCMS


12


Parameter No


Reporting Limit

(source: STL)


84 Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD)* SVOCs 0.01 mg/l 20µg/l GCMSMS

83 Dicofol SVOCs


Difficult to analyse, affected by sample matrix interference

85 Toxaphene* SVOCs 1.0 µg/l Best Attainable GC-uECD

86 Hexabromobiphenyl* SVOCs 1.0 µg/l 10 µg/l GCMSMS

87 PFOS* Organic Fluorochemicals

25 ng/l 0.005 µg/l TBC

88 Tetrabromodiphenylether, Pentabromodiphenylether*

Polybrominated diphenylethers

0.01 mg/l 10 µg/l GCMSMS

Hexabromodiphenylether, Heptabromodiphenylether*


0.01 mg/l 10 µg/l GCMSMS

Decabromodiphenyl ether* Polybrominated diphenylethers

0.01 mg/l 0.1 µg/l

GCMSMS

Octabromodiphenyl ether*


0.01 mg/l 0.1 µg/l

GCMSMS

Nonabromodiphenyl ether* Polybrominated diphenylethers

0.01 mg/l 0.1 µg/l

GCMSMS

* Analysis carried out by Sub-contracted laboratory

Note 1: LODs identified in bold are those where reporting of higher LODs has been accepted.

Note 2: in round 4 analysis Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead and Tin were analysed to a reporting limit of 0.1 µg/l

Following the examination of the results from the second round of sampling the value of continuing to

sample both the influent and effluent for certain parameters that are reported as <LOD and that have

elevated LODs associated was questioned. The following decisions were therefore taken:

• Analysis of Organotins, Metals, General parameters and Phenols should be continued on all

influent samples;

• The analysis of influent for all other parameters is to be discontinued;

• Effluents shall be analysed as before (Note it was decided that PFOS and

Hexabromocycododecane analysis would be continued in the effluent).

Table 2.4 provides a summary of whether analysis of influent and effluent samples was conducted per

group of substances included in the third round of sampling.


13


Table 2.4 Summary of Analysis Carried out in Round 1, Round 2 and Round 3

List of Pollutants for analysis in the waste water discharges

Round 1 Round 2 Round 3

General parameters influent & effluent influent & effluent influent & effluent

Metals influent & effluent influent & effluent influent & effluent

Pesticides influent & effluent* influent & effluent* effluent only*

Triazine Herbicides influent & effluent influent & effluent effluent only

Substituted Ureas influent & effluent influent & effluent effluent only

Organotin compounds (as total Sn) influent & effluent influent & effluent influent & effluent

Acid Herbicides influent & effluent influent & effluent effluent only

PAHs influent & effluent influent & effluent effluent only

PCBs- Pesticides and others influent & effluent** influent & effluent** effluent only**

Phenols influent & effluent influent & effluent influent & effluent

SVOCs influent & effluent *** influent & effluent *** effluent only***

Benzene, xylenes, toluene influent & effluent influent & effluent effluent only

Organic Fluorochemicals Omitted in error Omitted in error effluent only

Polybrominated diphenylethers influent & effluent influent & effluent effluent only

Subcontracted Parameters

Chlordecone Not Reported Not Reported effluent only

Mirex influent & effluent influent & effluent effluent only

Glyphosate influent & effluent influent & effluent effluent only

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide (BAM) influent & effluent influent & effluent effluent only

Di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) influent & effluent influent & effluent effluent only

Hexabromocyclodecane (HBCD) Not Reported influent & effluent effluent only

Toxaphene influent & effluent influent & effluent effluent only

* With the exception that Chloro-alkanes is completey excluded

** With the exception that Halogenated organic compounds (as AOX) is completey excluded

*** With the exception that Dicofol is completey excluded

Following the examination of the results from the third round of sampling it was determined that Round

Four analysis should continue as per Round Three with the following amendments:

1. Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead and Tin are to be tested by Low Level ICP_MS, all other

metals are to be analysed as per round three;

2. Additional Polybrominated diphenylethers congeners are to be reported. The full suite shall

therefore include Tetrabromodiphenyl ether, Hexabromodiphenyl ether, Pentabromodiphenyl ether,

Heptabromodiphenyl ether, Decabromodiphenyl ether, Octabromodiphenyl ether, and

Nonabromodiphenyl ether.


14


3.1 Introduction

The results of analysis for sampling Rounds one to four are presented in Appendix A. A summary of the

results is presented under the following PRTR parameter groups:

• General Parameters

• Metals

• Pesticides

• Triazine Herbicides

• Substituted Ureas

• Organotin compounds

• Acid Herbicides

• PAHs

• PCBs – Pesticides and others

• Phenols

• sVOCs

• Organic Fluorochemicals

• Polybrominated diphenylether

The results are presented with regard to the detection of each parameter above the LOD in the influent and

effluent samples. Those parameters detected above the LOD are evaluated with regard to the range of

concentrations present in the influent and effluents of Irish WWTPs. These parameters are considered with

regard to their fate in the wastewater treatment plant and seasonal variations. A further detailed

assessment of the catchment characteristics which may influence the concentrations of these parameters

is presented in Section 4.0, this assessment forms the basis of the Estimation tool development.

3.2 General Parameters

General Parameters which were detected above the LOD in each Round of sampling are presented below.

General Parameters - Influent Samples

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Total n

itrogen (a

s N)

Total p

hospho rus (a

s P)

Total o

rganic

carb

on

Ch lorides (a

s tota

l Cl)

Cyanides (

as tota

l CN )

Fluor ides (a

s to ta

l F)

Conductivity

(uS /cm

)

Total H

ardness (

mg/l C

aCO3)

pH

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D

Sampling Round 1 (July 2011) Sampling Round 2 (Oct 2011)

Sampling Round 3 (Jan 2012) Sampling Round 4 (April 2012)

General Parameters - Effluent Samples

0123456789

1011

Total n

itrog

en (as N

)

Tota l phosphorus (

as P)

Total o

rgan ic ca

rbon

Chlor ides (a

s to ta l C

l)

Cyanides (as t

otal C

N)

F luor ides (

as total F

)

Conductivi ty

(uS/cm )

Total H

ardness

(mg/l C

aCO3)

pH

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



3. Results


15


The General Parameters (with the exception of cyanide) are ubiquitous in Irish wastewaters and in almost

all cases were measured above the LOD. Cyanide was detected in the Ballinalsoe WWTP Influent just

above the LOD in Round 2 and in the Waterford and Newcastle West influent samples in Round 4. Cyanide

was detected in the effluent of Carrigrennan WWTP in Round 1 and 3 and just above the LOD in the

Balliasloe effluent sample in Round 4.

Total Nitrogen concentrations in the influent of samples taken in Round 1 were generally higher than those

for Rounds 2, 3 and 4. Influent concentrations for Total Phosphorus were low at a number of plants. Total

Nitrogen and Total Phosphorus concentrations in the effluents were lower in the WWTPs that had nutrient

reduction as part of the treatment process.

There was significant variation in influent TOC concentrations between sampling rounds, most plants had

lowest TOC concentrations in Round 2, and this may be as a result of rainfall prior to sampling. However

effluent TOC concentrations were less variable over the rounds, which indicate good consistent TOC

removal rates at the WWTPs.

Chlorides and conductivity were detected in higher concentrations in influent and effluent samples from the

4 coastal WWTPs (Carrigrennan, Dundalk, Ringsend and Waterford WWTPs) which were expected due to

their location and saline intrusion.

Fluorides mostly exist in wastewater samples due to the fluoridation of water supplies. Fluoride was

detected above the LOD (<0.2mg/l) in most samples over Rounds 1 to 4. Fluoridation of public water

supplies is a regulatory requirement, under the Fluoridation of Water Supplies Regulations, 2007 and the

amount of fluoride which may be added to the public water supplies shall be such that the water, after the

addition of fluoride, the minimum concentration of fluoride is 0.6 mg/l with a maximum concentration of 0.8

mg/l. Only 1 sample (Ringsend Effluent Round 1) was above 0.8 mg/l at 1.5 mg/l.

Total Hardness is normally a function of the geology of the area and hence reflected in the water

composition. Carrigrennan reported the highest Total Hardness over the 4 rounds of testing, although lower

concentrations were detected in Round 4. High Total Hardness may be linked to specific industries with

water softeners e.g. Commercial Laundries, Pharmaceuticals etc. It is likely that the concentrations

detected are related to the saline intrusion in the catchment (total hardness of seawater is in the region of

6630mg/l CaCO3).

The pH ranges at the WWTPs are typical of that necessary to support the aerobic biological treatment

processes employed at the 11 WWTPs. Only one sample (Portarlington Influent Round 3) was outside this

range at 5.6. This may be related to the buffering capacity of the water.

Table 3.1 and Table 3.2 set out the range of concentrations which were detected at the 11 WWTPs during

each Round of sampling.


16


Table 3.1: General Parameters – Influent

Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4

Parameter Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max

Total nitrogen (as N) 20 82.4 9.8 40.4 8.66 199 6.2 66.8

Total phosphorus (as P) 0.232 8.52 1.7 11.1 0.569 4.28 2.9 9.6

Total organic carbon 9.47 72.4 6.62 21.7 4.48 52.9 6.3 159

Chlorides (as total Cl) 42.7 2680 31.8 2350 32.58 2430 29.6 1340

Cyanides (as total CN) <0.009 <0.009 <0.009 0.01 <0.009 <0.009 <0.009 0.017

Fluorides (as total F) <0.2 0.6 <0.2 0.57 <0.2 0.6 <0.2 0.6

Conductivity (uS/cm) 506 7730 437 6970 334 7350 381 4220

Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3) 101 944 100 868 95 886 97 515

pH 6.8 7.5 7.1 7.7 5.6 7.5 6.1 7.7

Table 3.2: General Parameters - Effluent



Total nitrogen (as N) 5.49 29.3 5.93 19.4 7.19 18.8 6.6 37

Total phosphorus (as P) 0.052 3.66 0.314 2.29 0.133 2.64 0.3 4.4

Total organic carbon 3.83 9.16 4.52 8.88 5.88 28.5 6.8 27.3

Chlorides (as total Cl) 30.2 2660 29.3 1710 33.38 2040 30 1610

Cyanides (as total CN) <0.009 0.022 <0.009 <0.009 <0.009 0.016 <0.009 0.009

Fluorides (as total F) <0.2 1.5 <0.2 0.48 <0.2 0.6 <0.2 0.6

Conductivity (uS/cm) 373 7790 329 5300 407 6320 345 5000

Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3) 102 984 97 638 86 776 99 559

pH 7 7.9 7 7.9 7.3 7.9 6.6 7.7


17


3.3 Metals

Metals which were measured above the LOD in each Round of sampling are presented below.

Metals - Effluent Samples

012

34

56

78

91011

Arsen

ic an

d co

mpoun

ds (a

s As)

Cadmiu

m a

nd c

ompo

unds

(as

Cd)

Chrom

ium

and

com

pound

s (as

Cr)

Coppe

r and

com

pound

s (a

s Cu)

Merc

ury

and

compoun

ds (a

s Hg)

Nick

el and

com

pounds

(as

Ni)

Lead

and

com

pounds

(as

Pb)

Zinc a

nd c

ompou

nds

(as

Zn)

Seleni

um

Antimon

y

Molyb

denu

m Tin

Barium

Boron

Cobalt

Vanadium

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



Note Molybdenum Result Round 3 have been excluded from the study

Zinc and Barium had the highest number of detections, measured in all influent and effluent samples

(Rounds 1 to 4) above the LOD.

Zinc Concentrations - Influent

050

100150200250300350400450500

Newcastle W

est Inle

t

Mitc

helstown In

let

Dundalk In

let

Ballinasloe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton In

let

Wa te

rford

Inlet

Blarn

ey In let

Carrigre

nnan Inlet

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wate

rgra

sshill

Inle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Zinc Concentrations - Effluent

050

100150200250300350400450500

Newcastle W

est Outle

t

Mitc

helstown O

utlet

Dundalk O

utlet

Ballinasloe O

utlet

Athlone O

utlet

Portarli

ngton O

utlet

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigre

nnan Outle

t

Ringse

nd Outle

t

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Outlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Metals - Influent Samples

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Arsenic

and c

ompo

unds (

as As)

Cadmiu

m a

nd co

mpou

nds (a

s Cd)

Chrom

ium

and c

ompoun

ds (as

Cr)

Copper

and

com

pound

s (a

s Cu)

Mer

cury

and c

ompoun

ds (a

s Hg)

Nickel

and

com

poun

ds (a

s Ni)

Lead

and

com

pounds

(as

Pb)

Zinc a

nd co

mpou

nds

(as

Zn)

Seleni

um

Antimony

Mol

ybdenu

m Tin

Barium

Boron

Cobalt

Vanadi

um

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D




18


Barium Concentrations - Influent

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Newcastle W

est Inle

t

Mitc

helstown In

let

Dundalk I n

let

Ballinasloe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton In

let

Wa te

rford

Inlet

Blarn

ey In let

Carrigre

nnan Inlet

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Inle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Barium Concentrations - Effluent

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Newcastle W

est Outle

t

Mitc

helstown O

utlet

Dundalk O

utlet

Ballinasloe O

utlet

Athlone O

utlet

Portarli

ngton O

utlet

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigre

nnan Outle

t

Ringse

nd Outle

t

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Ou tlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Vanadium was also detected in a high number of samples, detected in 30 of 44 influent samples and 32 of

44 effluent samples. Vanadium was not detected above the LOD in Round 4. Nickel was detected above

the LOD in 37 of 44 influent samples and 30 of 44 effluent samples. Copper was detected in 34 of 44

influent samples and 24 of 44 effluent samples. Arsenic was detected in 34 of 44 influent samples, and in

23 of 44 effluent samples.

Chromium was detected above the LOD in 27 influent samples in Rounds 1 and 4, it was not detected in

Round 2, however the LOD was raised from <0.7 µg/l to <2 µg/l in Round 2.

Lead was detected in 32 of 44 influent samples and 26 of 44 effluent samples with much less detection

above the LOD in Round 2 and Round 3.

Selenium, Antimony and Cobalt, were detected in fewer influent and effluent samples, no trend was noted

with regard to seasonal variation.

Mercury was detected above the LOD in 10 influent samples, again no seasonal trend was identified.

Mercury was not measured above in the LOD in any effluent sample.

Boron is likely to be ubiquitous in wastewater due to its use in soaps and detergents. The European

Communities (Drinking Water) Regulations, 2000 set a concentration of 1mg/l for Boron, all samples are

below this concentration. Boron is present in seawater at concentrations of 5mg/l which is reflected in

higher influent and effluent samples from the 4 coastal WWTPs (Carrigrennan, Dundalk, Ringsend and

Waterford WWTPs). Boron had higher numbers of detections above the LOD in Rounds 2 and 3. The LOD

was raised to <230mg/l in Round 4.


19


Boron Concentrations - Influent

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Newcastle W

es t Inle

t

Mitc

helstown In

let

Dundalk I n

let

Ballinasloe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton In

let

Wa te

rford

I nlet

Blarn

ey In let

Carrigre

nnan Inlet

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Inle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Boron Concentrations - Effluent

0

100200

300400

500600

700800

900

Newcastle W

est Outle

t

Mitc

helstown O

utlet

Dundalk O

utlet

Ballinasloe O

utlet

Athlone O

utlet

Portarli

ngton O

utlet

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigre

nnan Outle

t

Ringse

nd Outle

t

Wate

rgra

sshill

Ou tlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



It is of note that metal detection above the LOD in Round 2 was significantly lower than for the other rounds

of sampling. It is considered that the low concentrations may be attributable to the storm conditions

experienced immediately before and during the sampling.

Metal analysis for Round 3 provided a number of questionable results; most notably Molybdenum was

detected at very high concentrations in all effluent and influent samples. The decision was taken to exclude

all Round 3 metal results from the study for the purpose of developing the Tool.

Table 3.3 and Table 3.4 set out the range of metal concentrations at the 11 WWTPs during each Round of

sampling.


20


Table 3.3: Metals – Influent



Arsenic and compounds (as As) (mg/l) 0.0009 0.0115 <0.0014 0.0029 <0.0014 0.0026 0.4 1.7

Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) (µg/l) <0.6 <0.6 <0.6 0.9 <0.6 1.1 <0.05 0.23

Chromium and compounds (as Cr) (µg/l) <0.7 7.1 <2 <2 <0.7 10.7 0.4 3.5

Copper and compounds (as Cu) (µg/l) 9 72 <1 52 13 46 13.9 47800

Mercury and compounds (as Hg) (µg/l) <0.1 0.6 <0.1 1 <0.1 0.3 <0.1 0.3

Nickel and compounds (as Ni) (µg/l) 3 20 <2 19 <2 67 3.4 85.7

Lead and compounds (as Pb) (µg/l) 6.8 24 <5 43.6 <5.0 11.5 1.2 74

Zinc and compounds (as Zn) (µg/l) 19 175 56 472 19 122 36.4 357

Selenium (µg/l) <1.6 28.4 <1.6 2.3 <1.6 <1.6 <1.6 <1.6

Antimony (µg/l) <1.6 <1.6 <1.6 2.6 <1.6 5 <1.6 3

Molybdenum (µg/l) <2 3 <2 8 3 74 <3 11.6

Tin (µg/l) <5 8 <5 <5 <5 <5 0.9 4.5

Barium (µg/l) 20.9 126 16.3 330 4.8 61.9 10.5 87.8

Boron (µg/l) <120 770 <120 604 <120 849 <230 433

Cobalt (µg/l) <0.6 <0.6 <0.6 3.2 <0.6 8.1 <2 2.2

Vanadium (µg/l) <2 7 <2 15 3 7 <4 <4


21


Table 3.4: Metals – Effluent



Arsenic and compounds (as As) (mg/l) <0.0008 0.0069 <0.0014 0.0019 <0.0014 0.0023 0.2 2.1

Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) (µg/l) <0.6 0.6 <0.6 0.8 <0.6 3.1 <0.05 0.06

Chromium and compounds (as Cr) (µg/l) <0.7 2.1 <2 <2 <0.7 28.5 0.2 2.5

Copper and compounds (as Cu) (µg/l) 6 33 <1 <1 3 13 <9 69.2

Mercury and compounds (as Hg) (µg/l) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Nickel and compounds (as Ni) (µg/l) <2 29 <2 <2 2 22 <3 6.5

Lead and compounds (as Pb) (µg/l) <5.0 14.5 <5.0 7.1 <5.0 30.6 0.2 6.2

Zinc and compounds (as Zn) (µg/l) 25 208 15 74 25 86 <18 77.9

Selenium (µg/l) <1.6 28.3 <1.6 2.1 <1.6 <1.6 <1.6 <1.6

Antimony (µg/l) <1.6 <1.6 <1.6 1.7 <1.6 1.8 <1.6 1.8

Molybdenum (µg/l) <2 4 <2 6 2 73 <3 8.2

Tin (µg/l) <2 10 <5 <5 <5 23 0.2 15

Barium (µg/l) 13.4 36.4 3.8 27.3 3.9 38.1 <7 21

Boron (µg/l) <120 795 <120 392 <120 725 <230 479

Cobalt (µg/l) <0.6 <0.6 <0.6 2.7 <0.6 2.9 <2 2.3

Vanadium (µg/l) 2 4 3 5 <2 7 <4 <4


22


3.4 Pesticides

Pesticides which were measured above the LOD in each Round of sampling are presented below. Note

that influent monitoring of pesticides was undertaken in Round 1 and 2 only.

Pesticides - Influent Samples

0123456789

1011

Alachlo r

A ldrin

Dield rin

Endr in

Heptach

lo r

Ch lordane

Ch lorde co

neM

irex

Endosulph

an

Dichlorobenil

Lindane (1

,2,3,4

,5, 6

-hexa

chlo ro

...Iso

d rin

DD T - su

m o

f all i

somersTrif

luralin

Hexachloro

benze

ne (HCB)

Hexach

lorobuta

diene (H

C BD )

Chlorfenv inpho

s

Ch lorpy rif

os

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D


Sampling Round 3 (Jan 2012) not Analysed Sampling Round 4 (April 2012) Not Analysed

Pesticides - Effluent Samples

0123456789

1011

Alachlor

Aldrin

D ie ldr in

End rin

Heptachlo r

Chlorda ne

Chlorde cone

Mirex

End osulphan

D ichlo rob enil

Lindane (1,2,3,4

,5, 6 -h

exachloro

cycl.

..Isodr in

DDT - sum of a

ll isomers

T riflu ralin

Hexachloro

benzene (HCB)

Hexachloro

butadiene (HCBD)

Chlorfenvin

phos

Chlorpyr ifos

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



Concentrations of pesticides may be reported below the LOD because:

� Some parameters are banned and their presence would not be expected.

� Intermittent use only will be detectable if a rainfall event occurs after application.

Pesticides which were measured above the LOD in the Influent Samples (Round 1 and 2 only) include:

� Dichlobenil (5 samples in Round 1 and 4 samples in Round 2)

� Lindane (1 sample in Round 1 and 2 samples in Round 2)

� Mirex (2 samples in Round 1)

� Dieldrin (1 sample in Round 1)

� Chlorpyrifos (1 sample in Round 1)

Of which only the following were detected above the LOD in the effluent samples:

� Dichlobenil (5 samples in Round 1, 6 samples in Round 2, 2 samples in Round 3, and 3 samples in

Round 4)

� Lindane (1 sample in Round 1, 2 samples in Round 2 and 1 sample in Round 3)

� Chlorpyrifos (1 sample in Round 3)

The majority of the pesticides were detected in the summer, when use is more prevalent.


23


Dichlorobenil Concentrations - Influent

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

Newcastle W

est Inle

t

Mitc

helstown In

let

Dundalk I n

let

Bal linasloe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton In

let

Wa te

rford

Inlet

Blarn

ey In let

Carrigre

nnan Inlet

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Inle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)


Sampling Round 3 (Jan 2012) Not Analysed Sampling Round 4 (April 2012) Not Analysed

Dichlorobenil Concentrations - Effluent

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

Newcastle W

est Outle

t

Mitc

helstown O

utlet

Dundalk O

utlet

Ballinas loe O

utlet

Athlone O

utlet

Portarli

ngton O

utlet

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigre

nnan Outle

t

Ringse

nd Outle

t

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Ou tlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Dichlobenil was measured in the influent to 5 WWTPs, at concentrations of 0.002 µg/l to 0.006 µg/l. It was

however detected in the effluent from 8 WWTPs at concentrations of 0.002 µg/l to 0.045 µg/l. Only 3

WWTPs, namely Newcastle West, Carrigrennan and Watergrasshill did not report Dichlobenil above the

LOD in either influent or effluent samples. There is very little information currently available on the fate of

Dichlobenil in WWTPs, the results would suggest that removal rates in WWTP are low. There were fewer

detections of Dichlobenil in the effluent samples in Round 3, a greater number of samples were measured

above the LOD during summer and autumn (Rounds 1 and 2), with highest concentrations overall detected

in the summer.

Lindane was measured above the LOD in the samples at 3 WWTPs, Dundalk, Ringsend and

Watergrasshill, in most cases if Lindane was detected in the influent it was also detected in the effluent at

similar concentrations. There was a greater number of detections in Round 2 effluent, although the

numbers measured above the LOD are still very low. Use of Lindane has been banned in the European

Union

Mirex was detected in only one sample. Use of Mirex has been banned in the European Union although it

is persistent, with high removal rates reported in the activated sludge process.

It should be noted that due to difficulties experienced in recovering Chlorodecane, the reporting limit for this

compound was raised to <8000 ng/l in Round 3.

Table 3.5 and Table 3.6 set out the range of concentrations which were detected at the 11 WWTPs during

each Round of sampling.


24

Effluent Characterisation Study vii.

Table 3.5 Pesticides – Influent

Round 1 Round 2

Parameter Min Max Min Max

Alachlor (µg/l) <0.02 <0.08 <0.020 <0.040

Aldrin (µg/l) <0.04 <0.08 <0.004 <0.008

Dieldrin (µg/l) <0.004 0.022 <0.004 <0.008

Endrin (µg/l) <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.008

Heptachlor (µg/l) <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004

Chlordane (µg/l) <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004

Chlordecone (µg/l) <1000 <1000 <1000 <1000

Mirex (ηg/l) <20 128 <4 <4

Endosulphan (µg/l) <0.004 0.005 <0.004 <0.008

Dichlobenil (µg/l) <0.002 0.006 <0.002 0.004

Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) (µg/l) <0.003 0.006 <0.003 0.01

Isodrin (µg/l) <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.008

DDT - sum of all isomers (µg/l) <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004

Trifluralin (µg/l) <0.03 <0.06 <0.03 <0.06

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (µg/l) <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004

Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) (µg/l) <0.007 <0.014 <0.007 <0.014

Chlorfenvinphos (µg/l) <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004

Chlorpyrifos (µg/l) <0.002 0.004 <0.002 <0.004


25

Effluent Characterisation Study vii.

Table 3.6 Pesticides – Effluent



Alachlor <0.02 <0.04 <0.02 <0.02 <0.020 <0.040 <0.02 <0.04

Aldrin <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.008

Dieldrin <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.008

Endrin <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.008

Heptachlor <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004

Chlordane <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004

Chlordecone <1000 <1000 <1000 <1000 <8000 <8000 <1000 <1000

Mirex <20 <20 <4 <4 <10 <10 <4 <4

Endosulphan <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.008

Dichlobenil <0.002 0.045 <0.002 0.005 <0.002 0.033 <0.002 0.009

Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) <0.003 0.006 <0.003 0.006 <0.003 <0.006 <0.003 <0.006

Isodrin <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.008

DDT - sum of all isomers <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004

Trifluralin <0.030 <0.060 <0.03 <0.03 <0.030 <0.060 <0.03 <0.06

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004

Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) <0.007 <0.014 <0.007 <0.007 <0.007 <0.014 <0.002 <0.004

Chlorfenvinphos <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.004 <0.007 <0.014

Chlorpyrifos <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 0.003 <0.002 <0.004


26

Effluent Characterisation Study viii.

3.5 Triazine Herbicides, Substituted Ureas, Organotin Compounds (as Sn) and Acid Herbicides

Triazine Herbicides, Substituted Ureas, Organotin Compounds (as Sn) and Acid Herbicides which were

measured above the LOD in each Round of sampling are presented below. Note that influent monitoring

was undertaken in Round 1 and 2 only.

Triazine Herbicides, Substituted Ureas, Organotin Compounds and Acid Herbicides -

Influent Samples

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Atrazin

e

Simazin

e

Diuro

n

Linuro

n

Isopro

turo

n

Triphen

y ltin

Org

anotin

Tributy

ltin

Meco

prop

2,4-

D

MCPA

Glyph

osate

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



Triazine Herbicides, Substituted Ureas, Organotin Compounds and Acid Herbicides -

Effluent Samples

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Atrazin

e

Simazin

e

Diuro

n

Linuron

Isopro

turo

n

Triphenylt

in

Organotin

Tributy

ltin

Meco

prop

2,4-D

MCPA

Glyphosate

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



Linuron, Triphenyltin, Organotin and Tributyltin were not detected above the LOD in any sample, which

may be attributed to the fact that their use is restricted in Ireland.

Parameters which were measured above the LOD in the influent (Round 1 and 2 only) include:

� Glyphosate (11 samples Round 1 and 10 samples Round 2)

� Mecoprop (2 samples Round 1 and 3 samples Round 2)

� 2,4-D (2 samples Round 1 and 1 sample Round 2)

� MCPA (3 samples Round 2)

� Simazine (1 sample Round 1 and 2 samples Round 2)

� Atrazine (1 sample Round 1 and 1 sample Round 2)

Parameters which were measured above the LOD in the effluent include:

� Glyphosate (11 samples Round 1 and 9 samples Round 2, 0 samples Round 3 and 11 samples Round

4)

� Mecoprop (4 samples Round 1, 5 samples Round 2 and 5 samples Round 3, and 8 samples Round 4)

� 2,4-D (3 samples Round 1, 2 samples Round 2 and 1 sample Round 3, and 3 samples Round 4)

� MCPA (7 samples Round 1 and 1 sample Round 3, and 4 samples Round 4)

� Simazine (2 samples Round 1 and 1 sample Round 3, and 2 samples Round 4)

� Atrazine (1 sample Round 2)

� Diuron (1 sample Round 2)

� Isoproturon (1 sample Round 3)

No significant trend was noted with regard to Simazine, Atrazine, Diuron or Isoproturon, they were

measured in small numbers of WWTPs.


27


Glyphosate was measured above the LOD (i.e. 0.1 ug/l) in all samples in Round 1 and Round 4, with

slightly fewer samples reporting above the LOD in Round 2, although at much lower concentrations. This

may indicate significantly higher widespread usage in summer months. As the LOD (i.e. 5 ug/l) for the

effluent samples was raised in Round 3 due to chromatographic interference, it is not possible to draw any

conclusions from Round 3 results.

Glyphosate Concentrations - Influent

0

5

10

15

20

25

Newcastle W

est Inle

t

Mitc

helstown In

let

Dundalk I n

let

Ballinasloe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton In

let

Wa te

rford

Inlet

Blarn

ey In let

Carrigre

nnan Inlet

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Inle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)


Sampling Round 3 (Jan 2012) Not Alalysed Sampling Round 4 (April 2012) Not Analysed

Glyphosate Concentrations - Effluent

0

5

10

15

20

25

Newcastle W

est Outle

t

Mitc

helsto

wn Outle

t

Dundalk O

utlet

Ballinasloe O

utlet

Athlone O

utlet

Portarli

ngton O

utlet

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigre

nnan Outle

t

Ringse

nd Outle

t

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Ou tlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Mecoprop appears to have widespread usage throughout the year, with samples measured above the LOD

in 10 of the 11 WWTPs sampled over Rounds 1 to 4. Highest concentrations were detected in Rounds 2

and 4 at Newcastle West and Ballinalsoe.

Mecoprop Concentrations - Influent

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

Newcastle W

es t Inle

t

Mitc

helstown In

let

Dundalk I n

let

Ballinasloe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton In

let

Wa te

rford

I nlet

Blarn

ey In let

Carrigre

nnan Inlet

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Inle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Mecoprop Concentrations - Effluent

-0.1

0.1

0.3

0.5

0.7

0.9

1.1

Newcastle W

est Outle

t

Mitc

helstown O

utlet

Dundalk O

utlet

Ballinasloe O

utlet

Athlone O

utlet

Portarli

ngton O

utlet

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigre

nnan Outle

t

Ringse

nd Outle

t

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Ou tlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



MCPA and 2,4-D were also detected in a number of WWTPs. MCPA was not detected in Round 2 effluent

samples and at only 1 WWTP in Round 3. MCPA and 2,4-D are typically applied in Spring/Summer

between May and June. This correlates with the higher concentrations recorded in Rounds 1 and 4.


28


MCPA Concentrations - Influent

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Newcastle W

es t Inle

t

Mitc

helstown In

let

Dundalk I n

let

Ballinasloe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton In

let

Wa te

rford

I nlet

Blarn

ey In let

Carrigre

nnan Inlet

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Inle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



MCPA Concentrations - Effluent

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Newcastle W

est Outle

t

Mitc

helstown O

utlet

Dundalk O

utlet

Ballinasloe O

utlet

Athlone O

utlet

Portarli

ngton O

utlet

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigre

nnan Outle

t

Ringse

nd Outle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



2-4-D Concentrations - Influent

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

Newcastle W

es t Inle

t

Mitc

helstown In

let

Dundalk I n

let

Ballinas loe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton Inlet

Wa te

rford I n

let

Blarn

ey In let

Carrigre

nnan Inlet

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Inlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)


Sampling Round 3 (Janl 2012) Not Analysed Sampling Round 4 (April 2012) Not Analysed

2-4,D Concentrations - Effluent

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.40.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

Newcastle W

es t Outle

t

Mitc

helstown O

utlet

Dundalk Outle

t

Ballinasloe O

utlet

Athlone O

utlet

Portarli

ngton Outle

t

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigre

nnan Outle

t

Ringse

nd Outle

t

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Ou tlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)




29


Table 3.7 Triazine Herbicides, Substituted Ureas, Organotin Compounds (as Sn) and Acid Herbicides – Influent



Atrazine <0.02 0.121 <0.02 <0.04 NA NA NA NA

Simazine <0.02 0.045 <0.02 <0.04 NA NA NA NA

Diuron <0.2 <1.0 <0.15 <1.0 NA NA NA NA

Linuron <0.15 <10 <0.1 <0.75 NA NA NA NA

Isoproturon <0.8 <7.5 <0.1 <2.5 NA NA NA NA

Triphenyltin <0.03 <0.1 <0.06 <0.2 <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.1

Organotin <0.03 <0.1 <0.06 <0.2 <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.1

Tributyltin <0.03 <0.1 <0.06 <0.2 <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.1

Mecoprop <0.04 0.17 <0.04 0.67 NA NA NA NA

2,4-D <0.05 0.16 <0.05 0.31 NA NA NA NA

MCPA <0.1 0.2 <0.05 <0.20 NA NA NA NA

Glyphosate 1.5 22.4 0.11 1.64 NA NA NA NA


30


Table 3.8: Triazine Herbicides, Substituted Ureas, Organotin Compounds (as Sn) and Acid Herbicides – Effluent



Atrazine <0.020 <0.004 <0.020 0.03 <0.020 <0.040 <0.02 <0.04

Simazine <0.020 0.053 <0.020 <0.020 <0.020 <0.040 <0.02 0.092

Diuron <0.10 <0.5 <0.10 <0.75 <0.05 <0.75 <0.05 0.88

Linuron <0.05 <0.2 <0.05 <0.5 <0.05 <0.50 <0.05 <0.75

Isoproturon <0.05 <1.00 <0.05 <0.75 <0.05 0.15 <0.05 <0.5

Triphenyltin <0.02 <0.04 <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.20 <0.02 <0.06

Organotin <0.02 <0.04 <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.20 <0.02 <0.06

Tributyltin <0.02 <0.04 <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.20 <0.02 <0.06

Mecoprop <0.04 0.2 <0.04 0.53 <0.04 0.17 <0.04 1.08

2,4-D <0.05 0.36 <0.05 0.16 <0.05 0.05 <0.05 0.8

MCPA <0.05 0.22 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.11 <0.05 2.05

Glyphosate 0.29 24.7 <0.10 1.25 <1.00 <5.00 0.15 3.37


31


3.6 PAHs

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) arise from incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic

substances such as wood, carbon or mineral, they may also be utilised in the manufacture of

pharmaceuticals, pesticides and dyes, and as such are likely to be present in wastewaters. Note that

influent monitoring was undertaken in Round 1 and 2 only.

PAHs - Influent Samples

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

PAH , Tota

l

Benzo[a

]pyr

ene

Benzo[b

]fluora

nthene

Benzo[g

hi]pery

lene

Benzo[

k]fluo ra

n thene

Inde

no[1,2

,3-c,

d]pyre

ne

Anthra

cene

Naphthale

ne

Flouranth

ene

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



PAHs - Effluent Samples

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

PAH, Tota

l

Benzo[a]pyr

ene

Benzo[b]

fluora

nthene

Benzo[ghi]pery

lene

Benzo[k]flu

oranth

ene

Indeno[1

,2,3-c

,d]pyr

ene

Anthra

cene

Naphtha lene

F louranthene

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



All PAHs tested were measured above the LOD in at least one influent sample in Round 1, with Total PAH,

Anthracene, Naphthalene and Fluoranthene the only PAHs detected above the LOD in influent samples in

Round 2. The effluent samples had fewer numbers of parameters and samples detected above the LOD.

Parameters such as Total PAHs, Indeno[1,2,3-c-d]pyrene, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene, Anthracene, Naphthalene

and Fluoranthene have reported high removal rates (70-90%) in activated sludge plants, which may

account for fewer measured samples above the LOD in the effluent. The maximum effluent concentration

of 0.113 µg/l was recorded in the Athlone WWTP in Round 4.

PAH (Total) Concentrations - Influent

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Newcastl

e W

est I

nlet

Mitc

helsto

wn Inle

t

Dundalk

Inlet

Ballinaslo

e Inle

t

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton In

let

Wa te

rford

I nlet

Blarn

ey In

let

Carrigre

nnan In

let

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Inle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



PAH (Total) Concentrations - Effluent

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

Newcastl

e W

est O

utlet

Mitc

helstown O

utlet

Dundalk

Outle

t

Ballin

asloe O

utlet

Athlon

e Outle

t

Portarli

ngton

Outlet

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrig

renn

an Outle

t

Ringse

nd O

utlet

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Ou tlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Note: different scales Note: different scales


32


Naphthalene was recorded above the LOD in the influent of 9 of the 11 treatment plants in Round 1 and at

4 of the 11 treatment plants in Round 2. Higher concentrations were recorded in Round 2, which may

indicate a link with runoff in the catchments. Highest effluent concentrations of 0.063 µg/l were recorded at

Athlone in Round 4.

Napthalene Concentrations - Influent

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

Newcastle W

est Inle

t

Mitchelst

own Inlet

Dundalk I n

let

Ballinas loe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarlin

gton In

let

Wa terfo

rd I nlet

Blarn

ey In let

Carrigre

nnan Inlet

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wa terg

rassh

ill In

le t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Napthalene Concentrations - Effluent

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

Newcastle W

es t Outle

t

Mitc

helstown O

utlet

Dundalk O

utlet

Bal linasloe O

utlet

Athlone O

utlet

Portarli

ngton O

utlet

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigre

nnan Outle

t

Ringse

nd Outle

t

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Ou tlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)




33


Table 3.9: PAHs – Influent

Round 1 Round 2

Parameter Min Max Min Max

PAH, Total (µg/l) 0.094 5.67 <0.1 6.39

Benzo[a]pyrene (µg/l) <0.04 <0.18 <0.01 <0.1

Benzo[b]fluoranthene (µg/l) <0.04 <0.18 <0.01 <0.1

Benzo[ghi]perylene (µg/l) 0.073 0.124 <0.01 <0.1

Benzo[k]fluoranthene (µg/l) <0.02 <0.18 <0.01 <0.1

Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene (µg/l) 0.024 <0.19 <0.01 <0.1

Anthracene (µg/l) <0.02 0.193 <0.01 0.18

Naphthalene (µg/l) 0.049 2.05 <0.01 4.11

Fluoranthene (µg/l) <0.01 0.503 <0.01 0.207

Table 3.10: PAHs – Effluent



PAH, Total (µg/l) 0.011 0.071 <0.01 0.059 <0.01 0.045 <0.01 0.113

Benzo[a]pyrene (µg/l) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Benzo[b]fluoranthene (µg/l) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Benzo[ghi]perylene (µg/l) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.10 <1 <1

Benzo[k]fluoranthene (µg/l) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene (µg/l) <0.01 0.011 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Anthracene (µg/l) <0.01 0.022 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Naphthalene (µg/l) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.029 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.063

Fluoranthene (µg/l) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.017 <0.01 <0.01


34


3.7 PCBs – Pesticides and others

PCBs - Pesticides & Others - Influent Samples

0123456789

1011

Polych

lorin

ated

biph

enyls

(PC

Bs) ...

Tetra

chlo

roet

hyle

ne (P

ER)

Tetrachlo

rom

ethan

e (TCM

)

Trichl

oroet

h ylene

Vinyl

chlorid

e

1,2-d

ichlor

oeth

ane (E

DC)

Dichlo

rom

ethan

e (DCM

)

Carbon

tetra

chlo

ride

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



PCBs - Pesticides & Others - Effluent Samples

0123456789

1011

Polychlo

rinate

d bip

henyls (PCBs) -

sum

of..

.

Tetrach

loro

ethy lene (P

ER)

Tetrach

loro

meth

ane (TCM

)

Trich loro

ethylene

Vinyl

chlorid

e

1,2-d

ichlo

roeth

ane (EDC)

Dichloro

meth

ane (DCM

)

Carbon te

trachlor id

e

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



PCBs were not measured above the LOD in any samples; this may be as they have been withdrawn from

use.

Tetrachloromethane was not detected. Tetrachloromethane was commonly used as a dry-cleaning agent, a

degreasing agent, a fire extinguishant and a pesticide, these uses are now banned. Tetrachloromethane is

from industrial spillages and from landfill sites where waste containing TCM has been buried. Releases of

TCM rapidly evaporate into the air.

Tetrachloroethylene and Dichloromethane were measured above the LOD in a small number of samples

both in the influent and effluent (Rounds 2 and 3).

Dichloromethane was measured above the LOD at only two WWTPs, namely Carrigrennan and Waterford

WWTP in Rounds 2 and 3, with a maximum concentration of 14.7µg/l (Round 3 influent Carrigrennan).

The main uses of dichloromethane are in paint removers, aerosol solvents, in the manufacture of certain

pharmaceuticals, and as a degreasing agent in the electronics industries. The corresponding effluent

concentration in Carrigrennan in Round 3 was 2 µg/l. This may be associated with industrial discharges

these catchments.

Tetrachloroethylene was detected the influent of two WWTPs, Newcastle West and Ballinalsoe, the

maximum concentration detected was 1.6 µg/l. It was also measured above the LOD in the effluent from

the Ringsend WWTP in Round 3 at 2.6 µg/l. The main use of PER is as a dry-cleaning agent for textiles

and fabrics. It is also used for metal degreasing and is used in some consumer products.

Parameters which were not measured above the LOD include:

� PCBs

� Tetrachloromethane (or Carbon Tetrachloride)

� Trichloroethylene


35


� Vinyl Chloride

� 1,2-dichloroethane

The absence of PCBs and Tetrachloromethane (Carbon Tetrachloride) in the wastewaters may be as a

result of their withdrawal from use or restrictions in use. Tetrachloromethane may be present in landfill

leachate, although it was not measured at any of the WWTPs which receive landfill leachate.

Trichloroethylene, Vinyl Chloride and 1,2-dichloroethane were not measured above the LOD in any

samples, they may be utilised in the production of solvents, degreasers, plastics, however they appear not

be present in Irish wastewaters at levels currently measurable.


36

xii. Effluent Characterisation Study xiii.

Table 3.11: PCBs – Pesticides & Others – Influent



Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors (µg/l)

<0.002

<0.008 <0.002 <0.004 <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.008

Tetrachloroethylene (PER) (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 NA NA

Tetrachloromethane (TCM) (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 NA NA

Trichloroethylene (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 NA NA

Vinyl chloride (µg/l) <0.5 <1.0 <0.5 <1.0 <0.5 <1.0 NA NA

1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 NA NA

Dichloromethane (DCM) (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 14.7 NA NA

Carbon tetrachloride (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 NA NA

Table 3.12: PCBs – Pesticides & Others – Effluent



Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors (µg/l)

<0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004

Tetrachloroethylene (PER) (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 2.6 <1 <1

Tetrachloromethane (TCM) (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1 <1

Trichloroethylene (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1 <1

Vinyl chloride (µg/l) <0.5 <1.0 <0.5 <1.0 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1 <1

Dichloromethane (DCM) (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 2 <1 <1

Carbon tetrachloride (µg/l) <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <2.0 <1.0 <1 <1 <1


37


3.8 SVOCs

Note that influent monitoring was undertaken in Round 1 and 2 only.

SVOCs - Influent Samples

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Tri

ch

loro

be

nz

en

es

(T

CB

s)

(all

iso

me

rs)

Pe

nta

ch

loro

ph

en

ol (

PC

P)

Pe

nta

ch

loro

be

nz

en

e

2,6

-Dic

hlo

rob

en

za

mid

e

Be

nz

en

e a

s B

TE

X

To

lue

ne

as

BT

EX

Xy

len

es

(to

tal m

as

s o

fo

rth

o,

pa

ra a

nd

me

ta-

xy

len

e)B

TE

X

Eth

yl b

en

ze

ne

(B

TE

X)

Di(

2-e

thy

lhe

xy

l)p

hth

ala

te

He

xa

bro

mo

cy

clo

do

de

ca

ne

(HB

CD

)

To

xa

ph

en

e

He

xa

bro

mo

bip

he

ny

l

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



SVOCs - Effluent Samples

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Tri

ch

loro

be

nz

en

es

(T

CB

s)

(all

iso

me

rs)

Pe

nta

ch

loro

ph

en

ol (

PC

P)

Pe

nta

ch

loro

be

nz

en

e

2,6

-Dic

hlo

rob

en

za

mid

e

Be

nz

en

e a

s B

TE

X

To

lue

ne

as

BT

EX

Xy

len

es

(to

tal m

as

s o

fo

rth

o,

pa

ra a

nd

me

ta-

xy

len

e)B

TE

X

Eth

yl b

en

ze

ne

(B

TE

X)

Di(

2-e

thy

lhe

xy

l)p

hth

ala

te

He

xa

bro

mo

cy

clo

do

de

ca

ne

(HB

CD

)

To

xa

ph

en

e

He

xa

bro

mo

bip

he

ny

l

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



The parameters which were detected above the LOD in the influent samples (Rounds 1 and 2) included:

� Benzene

� Toluene

� Xylene

� Ethyl benzene

� Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate

Many of these parameters were not measured above the LOD with the same frequency in effluent samples,

this may be due to high volatility and high removal rates in WWTPs of these parameters. There was a

greater frequency of detection in Round 3. Benzene, Ethyl benzene and toluene were present in the

influent, highest concentrations recorded at Dundalk and Blarney.

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide was not measured in the influent samples above the LOD, although was detected

in the effluent of 3 WWTPs in Round 3 and 10 WWTPs in Round 4 with a maximum concentration of 0.25

µg/l at Dundalk. Dichlobenil of which 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide is a metabolite was detected in the majority of

WWTPs (refer to Section 3.4). However the LODs achievable for Dichlobenil (<0.002 µg/l) are significantly

lower than those achievable for 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide (<0.06 µg/l). Whilst there is a difference in the

achievable LODs, it may be deduced that the metabolite of Dichlobenil is likely to be present in effluents

from Irish WWTPs.

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) was measured in almost all (21 of 22) influent samples. This was

anticipated due to its use as an additive to plastics. The LOD for the effluent was raised in Round 1 (<1.0

µg/l), with only one sample above the LOD, i.e. 1.2 µg/l (at Mitchelstown), the required LOD was achieved


38


in Rounds 2, 3, and 4 which reported all samples above the LOD in the range of 0.07 to 3 µg/l. In most

cases effluent concentrations Round 3 and 4 were higher than those in Round 2.

DEHP Concentrations - Influent

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Newcastle W

est Inle

t

Mi tc

helstown In

let

Dundalk I n

let

Ballinas loe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton In

let

Wa te

rford

I nlet

Blarn

ey In let

Carrigre

nnan Inlet

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Inle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



DEHP Concentrations - Effluent

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Newcastle W

est Outle

t

Mitc

helstown O

utlet

Dundalk O

utlet

Bal linasloe O

utlet

Athlone O

utlet

Portarli

ngton O

utlet

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigre

nnan Outle

t

Ringse

nd Outle

t

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Ou tlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Toluene was measured in the influent ranging from 0.17 to 270 µg/l with highest concentrations recorded in

Carrigrennan. Toluene was consistently detected in the effluent samples of Mitchelstown. Mitchelstown is

the only WWTP which employs trickling filters, and which may suggest lower removal rates with this type of

treatment.

Toluene Concentrations - Influent

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Newcastle W

es t Inle

t

Mitc

helstown In

let

Dundalk I n

let

Ballinasloe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton Inlet

Wa te

rford

I nlet

Blarn

ey In let

Carrigre

nnan Inlet

Ringse

nd Inlet

Wa terg

rasshill

Inle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Toluene Concentrations - Effluent

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Newcastle W

es t Outle

t

Mitc

helstown O

utlet

Dundalk Outle

t

Ballinasloe O

utlet

Athlone O

utlet

Portarlin

gton O

utlet

Wa terfo

rd O

utlet

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigre

nnan Outle

t

Ringse

nd Outle

t

Wa terg

rasshill

Ou tlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Note: Change in Scale


39


Table 3.13: SVOCs – Influent



Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers) <1 <2 <1 <2 NA NA NA NA

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) <1 <200 <1 <5 NA NA NA NA

Pentachlorobenzene <0.002 <0.008 <0.002 <0.004 NA NA NA NA

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide <0.1 <0.1 <0.06 <0.06 NA NA NA NA

Benzene as BTEX <0.1 1.21 <0.1 1.36 NA NA NA NA

Toluene as BTEX 0.4 270 0.17 116 NA NA NA NA

Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene) BTEX <0.2 7.64 <0.2 7.29

NA NA NA NA

Ethyl benzene (BTEX) <0.1 1.51 <0.1 1.05 NA NA NA NA

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate <1 48.6 0.23 7.64 NA NA NA NA

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) <20 <20 <20 <20 NA NA NA NA

Toxaphene <10 <50 <1 <1 NA NA NA NA

Hexabromobiphenyl <0.002 <0.008 <0.002 <0.004 <0.004 <0.008 <0.004 <0.008


40


Table 3.14: SVOCs – Effluent



Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers) <0.002 <0.004 <1 <2 <1 <1 <1 <1

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) <1 <1 <1 <5 <5 <10 <1 <1

Pentachlorobenzene <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide <0.1 <0.1 <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 0.09 <0.06 0.25

Benzene as BTEX <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.57 <0.1 0.17

Toluene as BTEX <0.1 3.34 <0.1 3.05 <0.1 3.3 <0.1 13.3

Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 2.06 <0.2 2.17

Ethyl benzene (BTEX) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.27 <0.1 0.26

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate <1 1.2 0.07 1.77 0.68 3 0.2 2.31

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20

Toxaphene <5 <10 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <4

Hexabromobiphenyl <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.004 <0.002 <0.004


41


3.9 Phenols, Organic Fluorochemicals, and Polybrominated diphenylethers

Phenols, Organic Fluorochemicals, Polybrominated Diphenylethers - Influent Samples

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Ph

en

ols

(a

s t

ota

l C)

Oc

tylp

he

no

ls a

nd

Oc

tylp

he

no

l Eth

ox

yla

tes

No

ny

lph

en

ol a

nd

No

ny

lph

en

ol e

tho

xy

late

s(N

P/N

PE

s)

PF

OS

Te

tra

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

leth

er

He

xa

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

leth

er

Pe

nta

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

leth

er

He

pta

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

leth

er

De

ca

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

l eth

er

Oc

tab

rom

od

iph

en

yl e

the

r

No

na

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

l eth

er

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



Phenols, Organic Fluorochemicals, Polybrominated Diphenylethers - Effluent

Samples

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Ph

en

ols

(a

s t

ota

l C)

Oc

tylp

he

no

ls a

nd

Oc

tylp

he

no

l Eth

ox

yla

tes

No

ny

lph

en

ol a

nd

No

ny

lph

en

ol e

tho

xy

late

s(N

P/N

PE

s)

PF

OS

Te

tra

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

leth

er

He

xa

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

leth

er

Pe

nta

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

leth

er

He

pta

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

leth

er

De

ca

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

l eth

er

Oc

tab

rom

od

iph

en

yl e

the

r

No

na

bro

mo

dip

he

ny

l eth

er

No

. D

ete

cti

on

s >

LO

D



Total Phenols (sum of phenol and 8 simple substituted phenols) were measured above the LOD in most

influents; highest frequency of detection was reported in Round 1. Total Phenols concentrations in the

influent were generally highest in Round 1, where concentrations ranged from 2.288 to 212.695 µg/l (as C),

the highest concentration was reported in Carrigrennan, which also reported higher than average influent

concentrations in Rounds 2 and 3. Only nine effluent samples were recorded a concentration above the

LOD.

Phenol Concentrations - Influent

0

50

100

150

200

250

Newcastl

e West

Inle

t

Mitc

helstown In

let

Dundalk I

nlet

Ballin

asloe In

let

Athlone In

let

Portarli

ngton In

let

Wate

rford

Inlet

Blarn

ey In

let

Carrigre

nnan In

let

Ringse

nd In

let

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Inle

t

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Phenols Concentrations - Effluent

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Newcastl

e W

est Outle

t

Mitc

helstown

Outlet

Dundalk

Outle

t

Ballin

asloe O

utle

t

Athlone

Outle

t

Portarli

ngton O

utlet

Wa te

rford

Outle

t

Blarn

ey Outle

t

Carrigr

ennan

Out

let

Ringse

nd O

utlet

Wa te

rgra

sshill

Outlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/l)



Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs) were measured above the LOD in Carrigrennan influent

and effluent at 9.8 and 3.65 µg/l, respectively in Round 2. However, the LODs for NPEs were raised in

Round 3 due to matrix interferences.


42


PFOS was measured above the LOD in the effluent from Dundalk WWTP at 0.016 µg/l in Round 3 only, it

was however not detected above the LOD (i.e. <0.005) in the influent sample at this WWTP.

289584/IWE/CCX/R0004/C 20 July 2012 C:\DOCUME~1\osc38241\OTLocal\PIMSLI~1\Workbin\59917BB4.0\Part A Final Report.doc

43


Table 3.14: Phenols, Organic Fluorochemicals, Polybrominated diphenylethers – Influent



Phenols (as total C) 2.288 212.695 0.019 67.871 0.016 165.727 <0.5 126.049

Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates <4 <4 <0.5 <2.8 <1 <5 NA NA

Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs) <4 <4 <1 9.8 <1 <75 NA NA

PFOS NA NA <0.005 <0.05 NA NA NA NA

Tetrabromodiphenylether, Pentabromodiphenylether <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10

Hexabromodiphenylether, Heptabromodiphenylether <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10

Decabromodiphenyl ether NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Octabromodiphenyl ether NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Nonabromodiphenyl ether NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Table 3.15: Phenols, Organic Fluorochemicals, Polybrominated diphenylethers – Effluent



Phenols (as total C) 0.008 1.483 0.085 0.156 0.008 37.009 0.012 1.483

Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates <1 <1 <0.5 <0.8 <1 <5 <1 <5

Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs) <1 <1 <1 3.65 <1 <40 <1 <5

PFOS NA NA <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 0.016 <0.005 <0.005

Tetrabromodiphenylether, Pentabromodiphenylether <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10

Hexabromodiphenylether, Heptabromodiphenylether <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10

Decabromodiphenyl ether NA NA NA NA NA NA <0.1 <0.1

Octabromodiphenyl ether NA NA NA NA NA NA <0.1 <0.1

Nonabromodiphenyl ether NA NA NA NA NA NA <0.1 <0.1


44


4.1 Introduction

The EPA’s AER / PRTR UWWTP Emissions Calculation Toolset Version 4.0 in respect of releases to water

is a crude tool to estimate annual mass releases (emissions) of PRTR substances from WWTPs based on

an estimate of the total volume of the annual effluent discharge from the site. The tool provides a

mechanism by which annual loads to water can be estimated where no monitoring data exists. The

estimated loads to water are based on emission coefficients developed using two sets of analytical data:

• Priority Study Dataset (2006 – 2006) was derived from the National Dangerous Substances Screening

Programme conducted by the SERBD Project with expert guidance from the EPA and others.

Complex laboratory analysis was undertaken on 11 separate sampling events which were conducted

at approximately monthly intervals. The samples were analyzed for a list of 217 individual substances

(including 41 Priority Action Substances, 20 General Components and 156 Relevant Pollutants).

Ringsend WWTP was one of the sites that was monitored. The results from the Ringsend treatment

plant were used to develop the EPA’s AER / PRTR UWWTP Emissions Calculation Toolset Version

4.0.

• Ringsend Characterization Study (2008) included the analysis of a single set of samples (1 influent

and 1 effluent sample) taken from Ringsend WWTP in April 2008 on behalf of Dublin City Council. The

analysis was undertaken by a UKAS accredited laboratory. The following parameter suites were

analyzed as part of this study: metals and general components, organochlorine pesticides,

organophosphorus pesticides, substituted ureas, triazine herbicides, organotins, acid herbicides,

PAHs, PCBs, Phenols and semi VOCs.

This study assessed the current version of the EPA’s AER / PRTR UWWTP Emissions Calculation Toolset

Version 4.0 with respect to its application to emissions to water with the objective of providing a better

estimate of mass emissions based on monitoring from a wider range of waste water treatment plants. To

that end quarterly samples were taken between 19th July 2011 and 19

th April 2012 at the 11 waste water

treatment plants included in this study. The intention of the effluent sampling is to provide a wider base of

data upon which the Tool may be updated and to broaden the current understanding of PRTR substance

presence in waste water treatment plant discharges in Ireland. The results of analysis are provided in

Section 3 of this Report.

The occurrence and concentration of PRTR substances in the samples taken from the 11 treatment plants

was investigated under the following parameter groups:

• General Parameters

• Metals (Note: Round 3 metal analyses have been excluded from the study due to

discrepancies in reported results).

• Pesticides

• Triazine Herbicides

• Substituted Ureas

• Organotin compounds

• Acid Herbicides

• PAHs

4. Analysis of Results and Identification of Trends


45


• PCBs – Pesticides and others

• Phenols

• sVOCs

• Organic Fluorochemicals

• Polybrominated diphenylethers

For the purpose of assessing the relationship between PRTR substances and treatment plant

characteristics, where the results of analysis were reported as not being present in a concentration above

the limit of detection (i.e. reported as <LOD) the substance was taken not to be present i.e. a value of zero

was applied. The investigation focused on results of effluent analysis as this is ultimately what is to be

utilised in the Estimation Toolset however regard was also had to the results of influent analysis where

appropriate.

The presence of PRTR substances in an effluent discharge from a waste water treatment plant is

dependant upon a number of factors as follows:

1. Activities in the Catchment

� Population Equivalent (PE) – PE is a representation of the total load to the waste water treatment

based on BOD loading. The pollution load to the treatment plant is influenced by the population

living in the catchment and the level of commercial and industrial activity in the catchment. A

greater prevalence and diversity of PRTR pollutants would be expected in urban catchments as

they are more densely populated and generally contain a larger number and greater variety of

industrial and commercial activities.

� Domestic / Non-Domestic Contribution – Plants with a greater non domestic contribution are

expected to have a broader range of PRTR substances in their effluent than those with lowner

numbers of commercial and industrial activities in their catchment.

� Water Supply – The constituents of a water supply are source specific where PRTR substances

are present these may be measured in the waste water treatment plant serving the catchment.

2. Type of collection system feeding the treatment works (i.e. combined or separate foul). Storm water

runoff can contain higher levels of certain PRTR substances but can also have the effect of diluting the

concentration of other substances.

3. Level and type of treatment at the plant will influence the removal efficiencies within the plant and

therefore the final effluent constituents.

4. Whether the treatment plant is located coastally or inland can influence the concentration of certain

parameters. Coastally located plants subject to saline intrusion will have higher concentrations of

parameters that are found in sea water.

The relative contributions of PRTR substances from the 11 WWTPs included in this study were evaluated

in terms of the catchment and treatment plant characteristics. The following data sources were referenced

for catchment and treatment plant characteristic information:

• UWWD licence applications and licences (currently 9 of the 11 WWTPs have a WWDL)

• Annual Environmental Reports


46


• Information provided by Local Authority staff during the site visits

• Information provided by Local Authority staff on returned field sheets

• RBD databases – Municipal and Industrial Discharges, Urban Pressures

• National Urban Waste Water Study Catchment Reports

• IPPC and Waste Licences

4.2 Catchment and Treatment Plant Characteristics & Trends in the Occurrence and Concentration of PRTR Substances

4.2.1 Activities in the Catchment

Direct inputs of PRTR substances to a waste water treatment facility occur from three principal sources

from within the catchment: domestic discharges, commercial discharges, and industrial discharges.

Major domestic sources of PRTR pollutants include faeces (which contain metals and pharmaceutical

residues), sanitation waste water (which include chemicals in body care and makeup products, chemicals

in cleaning products and detergents and also the chemicals which are inherent to the water supply). Other

domestic sources include the release of liquid wastes into the drain which may include paints, gardening

products etc. The plumbing system will also influence certain metal concentrations in the waste water and

is influenced by water hardness.

Commercial sources include discharges from small businesses which may include dry cleaners, dentists,

petrol stations, hairdressers, hospitals, bus/train stations, golf courses, and education facilities e.g.

universities. The majority of these commercial activities are sub-threshold to the First Schedule of the

Protection of the Environment Act, 2003 and therefore do not require an IPPC licence. These facilities

should however be licenced under Section 16 of the Local Government (Water Pollution) Act, 1977 where

they are discharging a trade effluent to sewer.

Many industrial activities use PRTR substances as part of their production activities. The PRTR

contribution to a waste water treatment plant is catchment specific as it is dependant on the type of

industrial activities (amongst others) within the catchment. Industrial activities are licensable by IPPC and

Waste licence. Some PRTR substances are common to may different types of industry and it is difficult

therefore to attribute the presence of a substance to a particular industry.

Population Equivalent (PE)

Of the eleven waste water treatment plants included in this study, three had a PE of between 2,000 and

10,000 (Newcastle West, Mitchelstown and Watergrasshill) four plants had a PE of 10,000 to 50,000

(Ballinasloe, Athlone, Portarlington and Blarney) and four had a PE of greater than 50,000 (Carrigrennan,

Ringsend, Waterford and Dundalk).

It is expected that a greater range and load of PRTR substances would be found in the effluent of waste

water treatment plants with a high PE because they are typically associated with urban areas with higher

population and likely to support higher and more diverse industrial / commercial activity.

It cannot however be concluded with certainty that where a substance is not seen in the effluent at a

treatment plant that it is not being produced in the catchment, as the type and level of treatment at a


47


treatment plant will influence PRTR substances in the effluent. Regard must therefore also be had to the

influent monitoring carried out under this study to reaffirm or otherwise any correlation identified between

population equivalent and concentration in the effluent.

General Parameters

No direct correlation between PE and the occurrance and concentration of nutrients in the effluent could be

determined with the exception of Total Phosphorus which was slightly higher in the effluent of plants with

>50,000 PE. Influent concentrations were not however higher in these plants. The plants with >50,000PE

do not provide phosphorus removal and it is therefore more likely a feature of the level of treatment rather

than PE.

General Parameters in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Population

Equivalent

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Dundalk Out let Wat erf ord Out let Carr igrennan Out let Ringsend Out let Ball inasloe Out let Athlone Out let Portarlington Out let Blarney Out let Newcast le West

Out let

Mit chelst own Out let Wat ergrasshil l Out let

>50,000 pe 10,000 t o 50,000 pe 2,000 t o 10,000 pe

mg

/l

Total nitrogen (as N) Total phosphorus (as P)

Plants with a PE of >50,000 had higher concentrations of chlorides and had higher conductivity and total

hardness values. This is coincidental to the fact that these plants are all located coastally and are likely to

be influenced by saline intrusion.

Cyanides have only been detected in the effluent of the Carrigrennan and Blarney waste water treatment

plants and in the influent of the Ballinasloe, Newcastle West and Waterford treatment plants.

Fluorides in waste water are a function of water supply and catchment activities. Generally, slightly higher

concentrations were recorded in the influent and effluent of treatment plants >50,000 PE. The average

effluent concentration in plants >50,000 PE was 0.55mg/l as opposed to 0.19 mg/l for plants less than

50,000 PE. The fluoride concentrations in the influent to the treatment plants will be influenced by the

extent of leakage of mains water to the sewer. Note that interference by carbonate ions in the analysis, due


48


to saline intrusuion in the catchment, was considered and expected not to be the cause of higher fluoride

concentrations as the samples are buffered using a reagent to compensate for interference.


49


Metals

Metal analysis for Round 3 provided a number of questionable results; most notably Molybdenum

was detected at very high concentrations in all effluent and influent samples. The decision was

taken to exclude all Round 3 metal results from the study for the purpose of developing the Tool.

Mercury was not found above the LOD in the effluent of any waste water treatment plant.

Cadmium was found in the effluent of treatment plants across all PE bands but was recorded at slightly

higher concentrations in plants in the 2,000 to 10,000 PE band.

Cadmium in effluent of WWTPs with varying PE

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet

Athlone

Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Blarney

Outlet

Newcastle

West Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug

/l

Cadmium and compounds (as Cd)

Selenium was only found in the effluent of treatment plants of >50,000 PE.

Copper, nickel, zinc, vanadium were recorded across all PE bands. No obvious correlation to the PE bands

was discernible.

Chromium, cobalt, tin and antimony were recorded above the LOD at only a small number of samples but

were ubiquitous to all PE bands. No obvious correlation to the PE bands was discernible.

Barium was ubiquitous to all effluent discharges. Lower concentrations were noted in plants within the

2,000 to 10,000 PE band, with an average concentration of 12.47µg/l as opposed to an average of

22.98µg/l for plants >50,000 PE.


50


Arsenic was generally more prevalent in the effluent of waste water treatment plants >50,000PE.

Concentrations were also generally higher in both the influent and effluent. An average effluent

concentration of 0.002mg/l was recorded at plants >50,000PE whereas an average concentration of

0.0003mg/l and 0.0005mg/l was recorded at 10,000 to 50,000 PE and 2,000 to 10,000 PE plants

respectively. The higher concentrations in the influent of plants >50,000PE may be a function of industrial

activity. It is of note however that the larger plants are located coastally. Arsenic in sea water is typically in

the range of 0.001mg/l to 0.005mg/l. The average influent concentration of plants >50,000PE was

0.002mg/l. It is likely that the higher concentrations are due to saline intrusion in the catchment.

Arsenic in effluent of WWTPs with varying PE

0

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004

0.005

0.006

0.007

0.008

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet

Athlone

Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Blarney

Outlet

Newcastle

West Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

mg

/l

Arsenic and compounds (as As)

Boron was recorded more commonly and in higher concentrations in the effluent samples from treatment

plants >50,000 PE. Note however that these plants are coastally located and the higher presence and

concentrations are likely to be related to saline intrusion.


51


Boron Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Population

Equivalent

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet

Athlone Outlet Portarlington

Outlet

Blarney Outlet Newcastle

West Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug/l

Boron

Lead was more prevalent in the effluent of plants 2,000 to 10,000 PE however average concentrations

were only slightly higher at 4.69µg/l as opposed to an average of 2.02µg/l and 2.73µg/ for plants 2,000 to

10,000 PE and >50,000 PE respetively.

Lead in effluent of WWTPs with varying PE

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Round 1

Roun

d 2

Roun

d 4

Round 1

Roun

d 2

Roun

d 4

Round 1

Roun

d 2

Roun

d 4

Round 1

Roun

d 2

Roun

d 4

Round 1

Roun

d 2

Roun

d 4

Round 1

Roun

d 2

Roun

d 4

Round 1

Roun

d 2

Roun

d 4

Round 1

Roun

d 2

Roun

d 4

Round 1

Roun

d 2

Roun

d 4

Round 1

Roun

d 2

Roun

d 4

Round 1

Roun

d 2

Roun

d 4

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet

Athlone

Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Blarney

Outlet

Newcastle

West Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug

/l

Lead and compounds (as Pb)

Tin was present in higher concentrations in the effluent of treatment plants >50,000PE. Tin was not

recorded above the LOD in any sample in Round 2.


52


Tin in effluent of WWTPs with varying PE

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Dundalk Outlet Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet


Outlet


West Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug/l

Tin

Molybdenum was recorded above the LOD in in the effluent of >50,000 PE plants only. Influent samples

showed the same general trend.

Molybdenum Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Population

Equivalent

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet


Outlet


West Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug/l

Molybdenum


53


Pesticides

The use of many pesticides in Europe has been banned progressively since the 1980’s. The effects of the

ban are evident in the results of sample analysis at the eleven waste water treatment plants. The following

parameters, for which a ban exists, were not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample:

Alachlor, Aldrin, Endrin, Heptachlor, Chlordane, Isodrin, DDT, Trifluralin, Hexachlorobenzene (HCB),

Chlorfenvinphos, Chlordecone, Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD)2.

A ban on the use of Dieldrin, Mirex and Endosulphan also exists, however these parameters were recorded

at low concentrations in a very small number of influent samples. They are persistent in nature and may

therefore exist in the environment long beyond the cessation of their use. These parameters were recorded

in three influent samples above the LOD in the first round of sampling only, which took place in July 2011.

Volatization is one of the main mechanisms by which such substances are desorbed from sediment/soil.

Volatization is affected by climate with higher rates occurring at higher temperatures. It is logical then that

we might see these persistent substances in influent samples on a seasonal basis (other factors will also

be influential e.g. humic content, moisture, biodegradation). Dieldrin, Mirex and Endosulphan were not

recorded above the LOD in any effluent sample. Activated sludge has high removal efficiencies for such

substances.

Lindane (1,2,3,4,5,6 -hexachlorocyclohexane), Chlorpyrifos and Dichlobenil were detected above the LOD

at a number of waste water treatment plants across all PE bands. The use of lindane is banned in Europe

since 2009. Lindane is persistent and, considering how recently its use has been banned, it is not

surprising that it was recorded above the LOD in a number of treatment plants, namely Dundalk, Ringsend

and Watergrasshill. Chlorpyrifos is used as an insecticide in Ireland. Chlorpyrifos was only detected above

the LOD in one influent sample (Watergrasshill – Round 1) and one effluent sample (Ringsend – Round 3)

at concentrations close to the LOD. Dichlobenil was detected across all PE bands. Highest concentrations

were recorded at Ballinasloe.

The concentrations at which the above substances were detected can be influenced by the timings

between their application and the taking of the sample as well as the precipitation levels immediately

at/before the time of taking the sample. Pesticide application typically takes place during the summer

months (during crop growth) and immediately before harvest i.e. from May through to September/October.

It is therefore expected that highest concentrations would be observed in the samples from Round 1 and 2

and lowest concentrations from Rounds 3 and 4 (which were taken outside the growing/harvest season).

_________________________ 2 Note the higher reporting limit on Chlordecone, Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD).


54


Pesticide in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Population

Equivalent

0

0.005

0.01

0.015

0.02

0.025

0.03

0.035

0.04

0.045

0.05

Dundalk Outlet Waterford Outlet Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend Outlet Ballinasloe

Outlet


Out let

Blarney Outlet Newcastle West

Outlet

M itchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug

/l

Dichlorobenil Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) Chlorpyrifos


55


Triazine Herbicides, Substituted Ureas, Organotin Compounds and Acid Herbicides

Restrictions for the protection of the environment are in place across Europe regarding the application of

certain herbicides. The effects of the restrictions on use can be seen in the analytical results.

The use of Atrazine and Simazine is restricted in Ireland. They were detected in only a small number of

samples. Their usage is seasonal and associated with agricultural / horticultural activities. They were also

used historically for the maintenance of road verges.

Atrazine & Simazine in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying

Population Equivalent

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1


Out let

Ringsend Outlet Ballinasloe Outlet Athlone Outlet Portarlington

Outlet


Outlet

M itchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug

/l

Atrazine Simazine

Substituted Ureas usage is restricted in Ireland. Linuron was not detected in any influent or effluent sample

with Isoproturon only detected in one effluent sample in Round 3 (Dundalk). Diuron was only detected in

the Newcastle West treatment plant (in Round 2 and Round 4). No correlation with PE band could be

established.

Organotins were not recorded above the LOD in any of the influent or effluent samples. This is reflective of

the restriction on their use in Ireland.

Acid herbicides are used widely throughout Ireland in agricultural and grassland maintenance in both rural

and urban environments. Their presence is across all PE bands. Herbicide concentration recorded at

Newcastle West in Round 4 was high. This may be attributed to runoff from the catchment due to the heavy

rainfall experienced in the area on the day of sampling.


56


Herbicide in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Population

Equivalent

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

Round 1

Ro

und 2

Ro

und 3

Ro

und 4

Round 1

Ro

und 2

Ro

und 3

Ro

und 4

Round 1

Ro

und 2

Ro

und 3

Ro

und 4

Round 1

Ro

und 2

Ro

und 3

Ro

und 4

Round 1

Ro

und 2

Ro

und 3

Ro

und 4

Round 1

Ro

und 2

Ro

und 3

Ro

und 4

Round 1

Ro

und 2

Ro

und 3

Ro

und 4

Round 1

Ro

und 2

Ro

und 3

Ro

und 4

Round 1

Ro

und 2

Ro

und 3

Ro

und 4

Round 1

Ro

und 2

Ro

und 3

Ro

und 4

Round 1

Ro

und 2

Ro

und 3

Ro

und 4


Outlet

Ringsend Outlet Ballinasloe

Outlet


Outlet


Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug

/l

Diuron Isoproturon Mecoprop 2,4-D MCPA

Concentrations of Glyphosate were highest in Round 1. This is as expected due to seasonal usage. Note

that the LOD (i.e. 5 ug/l) for the effluent samples was raised in Round 3 due to chromatographic

interference; it is not therefore possible to draw any conclusions from Round 3 results as all were below the

LOD. Slightly higher concentration were detected in the influent of WWTPS >50,000PE which may be

reflective of its use for the maintenance of roadside vegetation.

Glyphosate in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Population

Equivalent

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26


Outlet

Ringsend Outlet Ballinasloe Outlet Athlone Outlet Portarlington

Outlet


Outlet

M itchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug/l

Glyphosate


57


PAHs

Results of PAH analysis show that there is a higher frequency of occurrence and a higher concentration of

PAHs in the influent samples taken from the larger waste water treatment plants i.e. those with a >50,000

PE. PAHs are associated with industrial activity and road runoff which tend to be more intense in urban

settings. There are high removal efficiencies for PAHs using activated sludge as can be seen by the low

effluent concentrations.

Total PAH in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Population

Equivalent

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet

Athlone

Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Blarney

Outlet

Newcastle

West Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug/l

PAH, Total Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene

PAHs in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Population Equivalent

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet


Outlet

Blarney

Outlet

Newcastle

West Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug

/l

Anthracene Naphthalene Flouranthene


58


PCBs- Pesticides and Others

Tetrachloroethylene (PER) and Dichloromethane (DCM) were the only parameters under this category that

were detected in the influent and effluent samples. Tetrachloroethylene (PER) is as a dry-cleaning agent

and was recorded above the LOD across all PE bands. Dichloromethane (DCM) has a variety of industrial

uses including in the pharmaceutical industry and was recorded above the LOD in the influent and effluent

of plants >50,000 PE only. DCM was however recorded in such a small number of samples (only one

effluent sample – Carrigrennan round 3) that a strong correlation with PE could not be established.

SVOCs

The following parameters were not detected above the LOD in any effluent sample: Trichlorobenzenes

(TCBs) (all isomers), Pentachlorophenol (PCP), Pentachlorobenzene, Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD),

Toxaphene, Hexabromobiphenyl. SVOCs were detected across all PE bands.

SVOCs in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Population Equivalent

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4


Outlet

Ringsend Outlet Ballinasloe Outlet Athlone Outlet Portarlington Outlet Blarney Outlet New castle West

Outlet

Mitchelstow n

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug

/l

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide Benzene as BTEX

Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX Ethyl benzene (BTEX)

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate


59


High concentrations of Toluene were observed in the influent to the Carrigrennan treatment plant. High

removal efficiencies are however achieved for SVOCs and these high concentrations are not reflected in

the effluent sampling.

Toluene in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Population

Equivalent

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4


Outlet

Ringsend Outlet Ballinasloe Outlet Athlone Outlet Portarlington Outlet Blarney Outlet New castle West

Outlet

Mitchelstow n

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

>50,000 pe 10,000 to 50,000 pe 2,000 to 10,000 pe

ug

/l

Toluene as BTEX

Phenols, Organic Fluorochemicals, and Polybrominated diphenylethers

Phenols were recorded across all PE bands in influent samples. Concentrations in the influent of the

Carrigrennan treatment plant were several orders of magnitude higher than that recorded in the other

plants in Rounds 1 and 3 and are understood to be associated with local industry.

PFOS3 was observed above the LOD in only one effluent sample (Dundalk – Round 3).

Polybrominated diphenylethers were not observed above the LOD in the influent or effluent samples of any

of the eleven treatment plants.

_________________________ 3 Note PFOS was not analysed in Round 1.


60


Domestic / Non-Domestic Contribution

Of the waste water treatment plants included in this survey, five of the eleven plants serve catchments with

>50% industrial/commercial contribution while four have <20% industrial/commercial contribution. It is

expected that a greater number of PRTR substances and a greater concentration of PRTR substances

would be found in the effluent of waste water treatment plants that service a high non-domestic load.

Number of WWTPS under Non-Domestic Contribution Bands

5

2

4

<20% Non Domestic Contribution21 - 49% Non Domestic Contribution>50% Non Domestic Contribution

It should be noted that a treatment plant may receive a high percentage of non-domestic wastewater which

may be dominated by ‘low risk’ commercial activities which do not contain significant amounts of PRTR

substances as opposed to a catchment whose non-domestic contribution comprises of heavy industry. It is

therefore important that the level of industrial activity in a catchment is also considered as a separate entity

when considering the impact on non-domestic contribution on PRTR substances at a waste water

treatment plant.

Sources of data on industries that discharge to sewer within a catchment include the EPA (IPPC and waste

licences) and the local authority (licences under Section 16 of the Local Government Water Pollution Act,

1977). The EPA maintains good IPPC and waste licence records and these are readily available through

their website www.epa.ie. Records of licences issued under the Water Pollution Act are not as up to date

as IPPC records. It was not feasible therefore to take Section 16 discharges into consideration as part of

this study.


61


Industrial Input Within the Catchment of WWTPS

0

2

4

6

810

12

14

16

18

20

Po

rta

rlin

gto

n

Mit

ch

els

tow

n

Bla

rne

y

Wa

terg

ras

sh

ill

Ne

wc

as

tle

We

st

Rin

gs

en

d

Ath

lon

e

Ba

llin

as

loe

Ca

rrig

ren

na

n

Wa

terf

ord

Du

nd

alk

<20% Non Domestic Contribution 21 - 49% Non Domestic

Contribution

>50% Non Domestic Contribution

Nu

mb

er

of

Lic

en

ce

d A

cti

vit

ies

Surface Coatings Energy Metals Mineral Fibers Chemicals Food & Drink Other Waste Licences to Sewer

General Parameters

No direct correlation between non-domestic contribution and the presence / absence and concentration of

general parameters in the effluent could be determined, with the exception of fluoride concentrations.

Fluorides were generally recorded at higher concentrations in treatment plants with higher levels of non-

domestic contribution in their catchments. Fluoride in waste water is a function of the type of water supply

and the extent of leakage of mains water to the sewer aswell as the type and level of industrial activity in

the catchment.

Fluoride in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Non-Domestic

Contribution

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Blarney Outlet Mitchelstow n

Outlet

New castle West

Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Athlone Outlet Ringsend Outlet Ballinasloe

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Dundalk Outlet Waterford Outlet


Contribution


mg/l

Fluorides (as total F)


62


Metals




Cobalt results did show slightly higher concentrations in the influent samples of treatment plants with <20%

non-domestic contribution however due to the low number of results recorded above the LOD 9only 2

samples in total), a strong correlation cannot be stated with confidence.

Selenium was largely associated with treatment plants serving a higher number of IPPC licenced facilities.

Arsenic was recorded at lower concentrations in the effluent of treatment plants with <20% non-domestic

contribution and was found at higher concentrations in treatment plants serving higher numbers of IPPC

facilities. Note however that the larger treatment plants are those serving the higher number of licensed

facilities and are also located coastally. Saline intrusion may be causing the higher arsenic concentrations.

All other metals were ubiquitous across all non-domestic contribution bands.

Arsenic in effluent of WWTPs with varying Domestic Contribution

0

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004

0.005

0.006

0.007

0.008

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Blarney

Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Newcastle

West Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Athlone

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet


Contribution


mg

/l


Pesticides

Lindane and Dichlobenil are the principal pesticides that were recorded above the LOD in the influent and

effluent samples of the eleven waste water treatment plants. The use of lindane is restricted in Ireland.

Lindane was not recorded above the LOD in treatment plants with <20% non-domestic contribution, with

the exception of Watergrasshillin Round 2. Dichlobenil was detected above the LOD within all non-


63


domestic contribution bands but was more prevalent in the effluent of plants with greater than 20% non-

domestic contribution.

Pesticide in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Non-Domestic

Contribution

0

0.005

0.01

0.015

0.02

0.025

0.03

0.035

0.04

0.045

0.05

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Blarney Outlet Mitchelstown

Outlet

Newcastle

West Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Athlone Outlet Ringsend

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Dundalk Outlet Waterford

Outlet


Contribution


ug

/l

Dichlorobenil Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) Chlorpyrifos

Triazine Herbicides, Substituted Ureas and Acid Herbicides

Triazine herbicides were recorded above the LOD most commonly in the influent and effluent of waste

water treatment plants with <20% non-domestic contribution i.e. the more rural catchments. This is in

keeping with the findings of the correlation with PE Bands.

Substituted ureas were recorded in only a small number of samples. No correlation with non-domestic

contribution was discernible.

Glyphosphate was generally recorded at higher concentrations in Round 1 which is attributable to seasonal

usage. No correlation with non-domestic contribution was discernible.

PAHs

Lower concentrations of PAHs were recorded in the influent of waste water treatment plants with <20%

non-domestic contribution. PAH concentrations were higher in the influent of treatment plants serving

higher numbers of IPPC industries. Removal efficiencies in activated sludge are high.

PCBs- Pesticides and Others

Tetrachloroethylene (PER) and Dichloromethane (DCM) were detected principally in treatment plants with

higher levels of non-domestic contribution, however given the low number of samples detected above the

LOD, it cannot be stated with certainty that there is a strong correlation.


64


SVOCs

Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Ethyl benzene and Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate were recorded above the LOD in

the influent of waste water treatment plants falling into all non-domestic contribution categories. The results

of effluent monitoring show however that SVOC concentrations and prevalence are higher in the effluents

of plants with <20% non-domestic contribution. This is more likely to be a function of the level and type of

treatment and whether the plant is operating efficiently rather than being related to catchment activities.

SVOCs in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Non-Domestic Contribution

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4


Outlet

Newcastle West

Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet


Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet



Contribution


ug

/l

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide Benzene as BTEX

Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX Ethyl benzene (BTEX)



65


Toluene in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Non-Domestic

Contribution

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4


Outlet

Newcastle West

Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet


Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet



Contribution


ug

/l

Toluene as BTEX

Water Supply

The potable water supply serving a catchment will impact the concentration of certain PRTR substances in

the influent to the waste water treatment plant. The constituents of the potable water will be source specific.

The concentrations at end of tap will be dependant on the level of water treatment provided prior to

distribution and also on the corrosivity of the water on the supply network (which is influenced by water

hardness and pH as well as by the plumbing materials themselves).

The European Communities (Drinking Water) Regulations (No. 2) 2007 require chemical and microbial

analysis of water supplies at the end of tap to assess compliance with acceptable standards. Many of the

chemical parameters monitored under the regulations are PRTR substances. The inventory of analysis

under the Drinking Water Regulations is therefore a good indicator of PRTR contamination in the water

supply and can be used to calculate the load to a treatment plant from water supply.

There are existing data gaps however which are inhibitory to the use of this data for the development of the

EPA Estimation Toolset. The overlap in population served by the waste water treatment plants and that

within the individual water supply zones is currently unknown and would require investigation at local level.

4.2.2 Collection System

The principal indirect source of PRTR substances to waste water treatment plant is from stormwater runoff

to the collection network.

Storm conditions can have the effect of diluting the waste water entering the treatment plant thereby

lowering the concentrations of certain substances in the influent. However peak flow conditions can also


66


contain higher than normal concentration of other parameters. This is due to the effect of ‘washing’ these

substances from the surrounding catchment and flushing of sediments from the sewer system.

The effect of storm conditions on the concentration of PRTR substances in an influent to a treatment plant

is influenced by whether the catchment is serviced by combined or separate foul sewer, and the size of the

catchment. Runoff contaminant composition will be influenced by atmospheric inputs from activities within

the catchment (whereby catchments with greater industrial activity have greater inputs), intensity of road

usage and on the level of urbanisation.

PRTR substances likely to show up at higher concentrations due to urban runoff include zinc, cadmium,

lead and copper (mainly from vehicle emissions/tyre degradation), PAHs and PCBs (mainly from industrial

deposition) and pesticides/herbicides (used in the maintenance of road vegetation).

In many cases much of the stormwater will not pass through the treatment plants but will instead discharge

to the surrounding environment via the stormwater overflows within the collection system, pump stations

and treatment works. The monitoring of stormwater overflow discharge goes beyond the scope of this

study. Further study in this area is recommended for the purpose of updating the Estimation Toolset.

Of the eleven treatment plants included in this study six have stormwater holding facilities, namely

Mitchelstown, Dundalk, Waterford, Blarney, Ringsend and Watergrasshill. The treatment plant operators

were asked to report on whether stormwater was returned to the plant for treatment at the time of sample

collection. These plants were assessed to determine whether there was any likely relationship with PRTR

concentrations and storm events. (Please note that the influent sampling does not include returned

stormwater, and this assessment is indicative only.)

No correlation with metal and PCB concentrations was discernable. There was however a correlation

between the plants returning storm water and the concentrations of PAHs and pesticides in the influent.

While some correlation was identified this would need to be substantiated with storm water analysis.

PAHs in the Influent of WWTPs Returning Stormwater

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Round 1 Round 2 Round 1 Round 2 Round 2 Round 1 Round 2 Round 1 Round 2 Round 1 Round 2 Round 1 Round 2 Round 1 Round 2 Round 1 Round 1 Round 1 Round 2 Round 1 Round 2 Round 2

Newcastle West

Inlet

Mitchelstown Inlet Dundalk

Inlet

Ballinasloe Inlet Athlone Inlet Portarlington Inlet Blarney Inlet Carrigrennan InletWatergrasshill

Inlet

Dundalk

Inlet

Waterford Inlet Ringsend InletWatergrasshill

Inlet

Not Returning Stormwater Returning Storm Water

ug

/l

PAH, Total Anthracene Naphthalene Flouranthene

Note PAHs were not analysed in influent samples in Round 3 and 4.


67


Pesticides in the Influent of WWTPs Returning Stormwater

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01

0.012

Round

1

Round

2

Round

1

Round

2

Round

2

Round

1

Round

2

Round

1

Round

2

Round

1

Round

2

Round

1

Round

2

Round

1

Round

2

Round

1

Round

1

Round

1

Round

2

Round

1

Round

2

Round

2

Newcastle West

Inlet

Mitchelstown

Inlet

Dundalk

Inlet

Ballinasloe Inlet Athlone Inlet Portarlington

Inlet

Blarney Inlet Carrigrennan

Inlet

Watergrasshill

Inlet

Dundalk

Inlet

Waterford Inlet Ringsend InletWatergrasshill

Inlet

Not Returning Stormwater Returning Storm Water

ug

/l

Dichlobenil Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) Chlorpyrifos

Note Pesticides were not analysed in influent samples in Round 3 and 4.

4.2.3 Type and Level of Treatment

The type and level of treatment provided at a treatment plant can influence the removal efficiencies within

the plant. The treatment plants included in this study use activated sludge processes. The removal of

pollutants in conventional activated sludge systems is influenced by the retention time mixed liquor

suspended solids (MLSS) and airflow rates. These elements will influence the degree of volatilisation (and

air stripping), biodegradation and sorption of the PRTR pollutants from the wastewater that will occur during

treatment. For example, a higher degree of volatilisation is expected at treatment plants that apply diffused

air. Similarly higher removal rates through sorption are expected at plants using primary settlement and

those with longer retention times.

The eleven treatment plants were assessed with regard to the type and level of treatment provided. Each

plant receives preliminary screening for the removal of rags and large debris from the waste water stream.

The following additional treatment options are present in the eleven treatment plants and are shown in


68


Table 4.1:

� Primary Sedimentation

� Secondary Treatment - Activated Sludge processes and variants thereof (oxidation ditches, SBR, high

load/ low load aeration) and Trickling Filter

� Nitrogen Removal – if aeration stage has been designed to achieve nitrification and if anoxic tank is

present for Denitrification.

� Dosing of coagulants for Chemical Phosphorus removal


69


Table 4.1 Levels of Treatment at the Eleven WWTPs

WWTP Treatment WWTP Capacity (PE) overloaded?

Ringsend Primary (P), Secondary (S) Yes

Carrigrennan Primary (P), Secondary (S) No

Waterford Primary (P), Secondary (S) No

Dundalk Primary (P), Secondary (S) No

Mitchelstown Primary (S), Secondary (S), Chemical P Removal (CP) Yes

Newcastle West Secondary (S), Chemical P Removal (CP) No

Watergrasshill Secondary (S), Chemical P Removal (CP) No

Portarlington Secondary (S), Nitrogen Reduction (N), Chemical P Removal (CP)

No

Ballinasloe Secondary (S), Nitrogen Reduction (N), Chemical P Removal (CP)

No

Blarney Secondary (S), Nitrogen Reduction (N), Chemical P Removal (CP)

No

Athlone Secondary (S), Nitrogen Reduction (N), Chemical P Removal (CP)

No

Note: All WWTPs have preliminary treatment. Watergrasshill WWTP has the facility to include tertiary filtration, which was not

operational during the study.

General Parameters

There was no discernible relationship between Total Nitrogen concentrations in the effluent and the level or

type of treatment provided.

The average Total Phosphorus concentration in the effluent from plants without phosphorus removal was

higher at 2.26mg/l compared with 0.84mg/l for those plants with chemical Phosphorus removal.


70


Total Phosphorus in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Levels

of Treatment

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Newcastle

West Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet


Outlet

Blarney Outlet

Primary & Secondary Primary,

Secondary &

Chemical P

Removal

Secondary & Chemical P

Removal

Secondary, N Removal & Chemical P Removal

mg

/l

Total phosphorus (as P)

Metals




Metals removal in municipal wastewater treatment plants results primarily from sorption or chemical-

physical processes. Metals are hydrophobic and have high sorption potential and will therefore sorb to

organic material in the wastewater. The removal of such material through primary settlement will also

therefore achieve metal removal. Coprecipitation of metals also occurs with chemical removal of

phosphorus. Ferric sulphate is used at the seven plants that apply phosphorus removal which facilitates the

precipitation of metals as sulphides. Thus plants providing phosphorus removal will also achieve high levels

of metals removal. Highest removal efficiencies are therefore expected at plants with both primary

treatment and chemical precipitation.


71


%age of WWTP Effluent Samples (with different treatment

levels) at which Metals were recorded above the LOD

0

20

40

60

80

100

Arsenic and

compounds

(as As)

Cadmium

and

compounds

(as Cd)

Chromium

and

compounds

(as Cr)

Copper and

compounds

(as Cu)

Mercury and

compounds

(as Hg)

Nickel and

compounds

(as Ni)

Lead and

compounds

(as Pb)

Zinc and

compounds

(as Zn)

Tin

%

Primary & Secondary Primary, Secondary & Chemical P Removal

Secondary & Chemical P Removal Secondary, N Removal & Chemical P Removal

Arsenic was recorded at higher concentrations in the effluent of treatment plants that do not employ

chemical precipitation. It is of note however that these plants are located coastally and also have higher

arsenic concentrations in the influent.

Arsenic in effluent of WWTPs with varying Treatment Types

0

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004

0.005

0.006

0.007

0.008

Ro

und

1

Ro

und

2

Ro

und

4

Ro

und

1

Ro

und

2

Ro

und

4

Ro

und

1

Ro

und

2

Ro

und

4

Ro

und

1

Ro

und

2

Ro

und

4

Ro

und

1

Ro

und

2

Ro

und

4

Ro

und

1

Ro

und

2

Ro

und

4

Ro

und

1

Ro

und

2

Ro

und

4

Ro

und

1

Ro

und

2

Ro

und

4

Ro

und

1

Ro

und

2

Ro

und

4

Ro

und

1

Ro

und

2

Ro

und

4

Ro

und

1

Ro

und

2


Outlet

Ringsend Outlet Mitchelstown

Outlet

Newcastle West

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Ballinasloe Outlet Athlone Outlet Portarlington

Outlet

Blarney

Outlet


Secondary &

Chemical P

Removal


mg

/l



72


Lead and nickel were recorded above the LOD most commonly in the effluent of the Newcastle West, and

Mitchelstown treatment plants. It is believed that the short hydraulic retention time at these plants has

influenced the removal efficiency for these metals.

Lead & Nickel in effluent of WWTPs with varying Treatment Types

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4


Outlet


Outlet

Newcastle West

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet


Outlet

Blarney Outlet


Secondary &

Chemical P

Removal


mg

/l

Lead and compounds (as Pb) Nickel and compounds (as Ni)

Selenium was reported in the effluent of treatment plants with primary and secondary treatment only. Note

however that Selenium was present in the influent to these plants only, it is therefore a characteristic of the

influent rather than a result of the treatment type.

Pesticides

No correlation was observed between the level and type of treatment and the concentration of pesticides in

the effluent.

Triazine Herbicides, Substituted Ureas and Acid Herbicides

Atrazine and simazine were detected in only a small number of influent and effluent samples. These

Triazine herbicides are hydrophilic and are not therefore readily removed through sedimentation. Removal

efficiencies through volatilisation are also low. Influent and effluent concentrations are therefore very

similar.

Substituted ureas were recorded above the LOD in only a very small number of samples. These

substances are difficult to remove by traditional activated sludge treatment due to their persistence, low

volatilisation potential and low biodegradability. Influent and effluent concentrations are therefore very

similar.


73


Acid herbicides have low removal efficiencies in activated sludge. They are hydrophilic and have low

volitization potential. Influent and effluent concentrations are therefore very similar.

PAHs

The principal mechanism of PAH removal is through sorption. It is therefore anticipated that plants using

chemical precipitation will have greater removal efficiencies. Influent concentrations were higher in the

larger plants. These are also the treatment plants that do not provide chemical precipitation. It is likely that

the high influent concentration is linked to the higher effluent concentrations in these plants. It is of note

also that the Ringsend treatment plant is overloaded and this will influence the effectiveness of plant

operation.

Total PAH in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Levels of Treatment

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Dundalk Outlet Waterford Outlet Carrigrennan Outlet Ringsend Outlet Mitchelstown Outlet Newcastle West

Outlet

Watergrasshill Outlet Ballinasloe Outlet Athlone Outlet Portarlington Outlet Blarney Outlet

Primary & Secondary Primary, Secondary

& Chemical P

Removal


ug

/l

PAH, Total Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene


74


PAHs in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Levels of Treatment

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Ro

un

d 1

Ro

un

d 2

Ro

un

d 3

Ro

un

d 4

Dundalk Outlet Waterford Outlet Carrigrennan Outlet Ringsend Outlet Mitchelstown Outlet Newcastle West

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Ballinasloe Outlet Athlone Outlet Portarlington Outlet Blarney Outlet

Primary & Secondary Primary, Secondary

& Chemical P

Removal


ug

/l

Anthracene Naphthalene Flouranthene

SVOCs

The principal mechanism by which benzene, toluene, xylenes and ethyl benzene are removed from the

wastewater is by volatilisation. All plants, with the exception of Mitchelstown, use activated sludgefor which

a high degree of volatilisation would be expected, particularly in plants with diffuse air systems. DEHP has

low solubility and high sorption potential. It also has low volatilisation potential. The principal mechanisms

of removal are therefore through sedimentation and chemical precipitation. DEHP was however found to be

common in the effluent across all treatment levels.

SVOCs in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Levels of Treatment

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Ro

un

d

1

Ro

un

d

2R

ou

nd

3R

ou

nd

4R

ou

nd

1

Ro

un

d

2R

ou

nd

3R

ou

nd

4R

ou

nd

1

Ro

un

d

2R

ou

nd

3R

ou

nd

4R

ou

nd

1

Ro

un

d

2R

ou

nd

3R

ou

nd

4R

ou

nd

1

Ro

un

d

2R

ou

nd

3R

ou

nd

4R

ou

nd

1

Ro

un

d

2R

ou

nd

3R

ou

nd

4R

ou

nd

1

Ro

un

d

2R

ou

nd

3R

ou

nd

4R

ou

nd

1

Ro

un

d

2R

ou

nd

3R

ou

nd

4R

ou

nd

1

Ro

un

d

2R

ou

nd

3R

ou

nd

4R

ou

nd

1

Ro

un

d

2R

ou

nd

3R

ou

nd

4R

ou

nd

1

Ro

un

d

2R

ou

nd

3R

ou

nd

4


Outlet


Outlet

Newcastle West

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Ballinasloe Outlet Athlone Outlet Portarlington

Outlet

Blarney Outlet


Secondary &

Chemical P

Removal


ug

/l

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide Benzene as BTEXXylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX Ethyl benzene (BTEX)Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate


75


Good removal efficiencies were observed for Toluene. However removal efficiencies at the Mitchelstown

plant were consistently generally lower. Mitchelstown operates a trickling biofilter system with stone media

using natural draft airflow. Lower levels of volatilisation are achieved using this system. In addition, the

Mitchelstown plant is overloaded. This will negatively impact on removal efficiencies.

Toluene in Effluent of WWTPs with Varying Levels of Treatment

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4


Outlet


Outlet

Newcastle West

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet


Outlet

Blarney Outlet


Secondary &

Chemical P

Removal


ug

/l

Toluene as BTEX

4.2.4 Inland or coastal Location

Catchments located in proximity to the coast are likely to be subject to saline intrusion into the sewerage

network which will impact upon the constituents in the wastewater.

Constituents of seawater which were measured in this study include chlorides and boron. Due to the

dissolved fractions present in the seawater, the conductivity and hardness differ significantly from inland

and coastal waters. Constituents such as arsenic and barium which are naturally occurring in seawater are

also likely to be present at higher concentrations in wastewaters from coastal catchments.


76


Chlorides & Conductivity in Coastal & Inland Treatment Plants

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Newcastle

West Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet

Athlone

Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Blarney

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Coastal Inland

Chlorides (as total Cl) Conductivity (uS/cm)


77


Boron in Coastal & Inland Treatment Plants

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Newcastle

West Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet

Athlone

Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Blarney

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Coastal Inland

Boron

Arsenic in effluent of Coastal & Inland WWTPs

0

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004

0.005

0.006

0.007

0.008

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Round 1

Round 2

Round 4

Dundalk

Outlet

Waterford

Outlet

Carrigrennan

Outlet

Ringsend

Outlet

Newcastle

West Outlet

Mitchelstown

Outlet

Ballinasloe

Outlet

Athlone

Outlet

Portarlington

Outlet

Blarney

Outlet

Watergrasshill

Outlet

Coastal Inland

mg

/l



78


5.1 Overview of the Tool

The EPA Calculation Toolset (Version 4.0) has been updated to provide a more representative estimate of

the mass emissions of PRTR substances from waste water treatment plants based on monitoring of eleven

representative waste water treatment plants.

The monitoring results were analysed and compared to the characteristics of the catchment and treatment

plant to derive a correlation between the observed effluent constituents and concentrations.

The previous version of the tool relied on analysis from the Ringsend waste water treatment plant. Effluent

results from Ringsend were used together with flows from individual treatment plants to calculate an annual

mass emission.

The revised version of the Tool is representative of a broader range of waste water treatment plants. The

treatment plant characteristics assessed for the purpose of further developing the tool are:

� Population equivalent

� Percentage non-domestic contribution

� Type of treatment

� Coastal / inland location

The above descriptors, and constituents thereof, have been correlated with PRTR poppluant

concentrations in the effluent to provide better estimates of the mass emissions.

5.2 Assessment of Treatment Plant Characteristics & Trends

The results of the monitoring at the eleven waste water treatment plants suggest a correlation between the

catchment descriptors and the concentration of certain PRTR substances in the effluent.

5.2.1 Identification of the Principle Treatment Plant Characteristic Driving the

Trend in PRTR Effluent Concentrations

The association between the treatment plant characteristics and the occurrence and concentration of

PRTR substances in the effluent discharges from the eleven treatment plants was examined. When

assessing whether a trend existed in association with treatment plant characteristics regard was taken of

the range of concentrations observed under each characteristic descriptor and of the frequency of detection

above the LOD.

The occurrence and concentration of some PRTR substances was recognised to be strongly linked to

particular treatment plant characteristics e.g. certain metal concentrations were significantly higher in the

smaller treatment plants (<10,000PE). The recognised trends and the associated characteristics are

summarised in Table 5.1 and are presented in greater detail in Appendix B.

5. AER/PRTR UWWTP Emission Estimation Toolset Development


79


Table 5.1 Summary of Parameters Identified as having an Association with a Catchment Characteristic

Population Equivalent Coastal Location Treatment Level / Type

Fluorides (as total F) Chlorides (as total Cl) Total phosphorus (as P)

Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) Conductivity (uS/cm) Toluene as BTEX

Chromium and compounds (as Cr) Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3)

Copper and compounds (as Cu) Selenium

Tin Boron

PAH, Total Arsenic and compounds (as As)

Molybdenum Barium

Emission concentrations were generated that are reflective of the observations made regarding the

concentrations of parameters associated with the treatment plant characteristics e.g. plants providing

phosphorus removal had much lower concentrations in the effluent. The average effluent concentration of

these plants was used as the emission factor to be applied where chemical phosphorus removal is

employed; conversely the average effluent concentration of the other plants was used to generate the

emission concentration for plants without phosphorus removal.

It is of note that a coincidence of particular characteristics occurs at the larger treatment plants included in

this study i.e. all treatment plants >50,000 PE (Dundalk, Waterford, Carrigrennan, and Ringsend) are

located coastally and do not provide phosphorus removal. All other plants included in the study provide

chemical phosphorus removal and are located inland.

The coincidence of this particular set of characteristics at the larger plants makes it difficult to determine

whether it is the size of the catchment being served, the level of treatment at the plant or the coastal

location of the plant which is the driving characteristic behind the higher/lower concentrations of certain

substances. For example, arsenic was recorded more frequently and at higher concentrations in the

influent and effluent samples of treatment plants >50,000 PE. The higher concentrations in the samples

may be a function of industrial activity in these larger urban catchments. However as the larger plants are

located coastally and are known to have high levels of saline intrusion, the higher concentrations may be a

function of location. Effluent concentrations were comparatively high compared to <50,000PE plants and

may be attributable to a combination of the lower metals precipitation that would be achieved where

chemical phosphorus removal is not employed and the already high influent concentrations.

5.3 Simple Substitution

In determing the values to be used in the Tool for the generation of the emission factors, regard was had to

the fact that many substances were not recorded above the limit of detection. The assumption that the

substance was not present and therefore not relevant in the Irish context could not be made in all cases

due in particular to complications caused by sample matrix interference and due to analytical limitations

which required the dilution of samples. As a result higher LODs had to be reported for many parameters

which meant that it could not be stated with confidence that the substance was not present in the sample.


80


Zero values could not therefore be automatically applied where a <LOD result was obtained as this might

not be reflective of reality.

In order to provide an accurate estimate of average effluent concentrations specific to the various

catchment characteristics a Simple Substitution approach was used for results reported as <LOD (i.e.

wherever a <LOD was encountered a single value was substituted). Other more complex methods for

addressing values reported as <LOD have been developed which are based on assumptions on the

distribution of data (distribution method) and extrapolation using above LOD results (robust method).

However the distribution method requires a high degree of knowledge on the typical distribution of

environmental data. Given that there is little research available on PRTR substances such an approach is

unrealistic. The robust method is difficult to apply whereby a large proportion of results are <LOD and

where there is a small sample number as is the case here. It is considered therefore that Simple

Substitution is most appropriate due to the small number of samples (maximum number is 44 per

parameter).

A number of simple substitution options were considered:

• Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero);

• Substitute the <LOD with the LOD value;

• Choose an arbitrary value e.g. 50% of the detection level;

• Choose a substitute value where 0 < value < LOD;

• Report the actual result found with a caveat regarding the confidence in its accuracy.

Issues arise with the direct substitution of the <LOD value with the LOD whereby the majority of results are

<LOD, the issue of raised LODs could potentially skew reporting of PRTR values in this way. The reporting

of a zero result would be non-representative. The application of an arbitary figure e.g. 50% of the detection

level across the board would also be non-representative for certain parameters. Case by case

assessments against each individual parameter were therefore conducted in order to determine the most

suitable simple substitution values to be applied. These assessments were based on published reports, as

cited in the references section of this document, on the use and presence in the environment of the

individual parameters as well as the likelihood of removal through activated sludge.

The proposed simple substitution methodology applied has the following general approach:

• Where a low percentage of the WWTP samples were reported as <LOD, the LOD was directly

substituted unless a specific catchment trend is reported/expected.

• Where a high percentage of samples were reported as <LOD (either 1 LOD or multiple LODs) a

substitute value was selected considering scientific papers on removal efficiencies in activated

sludge and on the likelihood for the presence of the parameter in wastewater / the environment.

Higher substituted values were used where there was greater water solubility, toxicity and

persistence of the parameter.


81


• Some substances (e.g. pesticides) are banned for use in Ireland. If not detected in any samples

above the level of detection than 0 was substituted, results from other studies were consulted to

verify, e.g. Teagasc, Marine Institute.

The simple substitution values used in the Tool and the rational for the selection of these values are

provided in Table 5.2.


82


Table 5.2 Simple Substitution Rational

Parameter Unit

<LOD Value (Outlet)

Simple Substitution

value Notes

Total nitrogen (as N) mg/l N/A N/A

Total phosphorus (as P) mg/l N/A N/A

Total organic carbon mg/l N/A N/A

Chlorides (as total Cl) mg/l N/A N/A

Cyanides (as total CN) mg/l <0.009 0.002 Cn is reactive and does not persist in the environment. IPPC discharge data has failed to detect at 0.01 mg/l. Similarly there are very few Cn results for rivers above 2µg/l.

Fluorides (as total F) mg/l <0.2 0.1 Use 50% of the detection level on the basis that fluorides are added to drinking waters and will also be present naturally in the environment. Fluorides are also added to toothpastes. Fluorides in rivers range from ca. 0.03 - 0.08 mg/l. Fluorides in rivers range from ca. 0.03 - 0.08 mg/l.

Conductivity (uS/cm) uS/cm N/A N/A

Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3) mg/l N/A N/A

pH N/A N/A


mg/l <0.0014 and <0.0008

And<0.0001

0.00005 Use 50% of the <0.0001 LOD. Assessment of EPA monitoring data showed 60% of samples below a LOD of 0.00005 mg/l.


µg/l <0.6 and <0.05 0.05 Cadmium in water is due nearly exclusively to industrial discharges. Assessment of EPA monitoring of aproximately 100 WWTP effluent samples showed the majority of samples to be less than a LOD of 0.1ug/l. The LOD for Round 4 sampling was <0.05ug/l.

Chromium and compounds (as Cr)

µg/l <2 and <0.7 and <0.2 0.1 Assessment of EPA monitoring of WWTP effluent samples identified that LODs of <1ug/l and <5ug/l were common. The LOD was reduced to 0.2ug/l for Round 4. Use 50% of the <0.2ug/l LOD

Copper and compounds (as Cu)

µg/l <1 0.5 Lower concentrations generally recorded in Round 2 in both inlet and outlet samples. Copper is present naturally in metalliferous areas but more often its presence in waters is due to attack on copper piping. Use 50% of the detection level

Mercury and compounds (as Hg)

µg/l <0.1 0 Hg is generally industrial in origin (dental amalgams, anti-fouling paints, plastics manufacture, paper-making and so on) though some comes from the natural environment. Assessment of EPA monitoring of WWTP effluent samples identified that LOD of <0.1ug/l was used in all cases. All Effluent Characterisation analysis shows <0.1ug/l results. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Nickel and compounds (as Ni) µg/l <2 1 Principal sources are minerals and industrial wastes. Use 50% of the detection level

Lead and compounds (as Pb) µg/l <5.0 and <0.1 0.1 Sources include Leaching from ores; effluent discharges; attack on water pipes. Assessment of EPA monitoring of WWTP effluent samples identified that LOD of <1ug/l was recorded in the majority of cases. The LOD used in Round 4 was 0.1ug/l. Lead is likely to be present in low concentrations from plumbing.


83


Parameter Unit

<LOD Value (Outlet)

Simple Substitution

value Notes

Zinc and compounds (as Zn) µg/l 1 Only one value <LOD value was recorded.

Selenium µg/l <1.6 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). seems only to be recorded above LOD at WWTPS >50,000 pe where there is higher urbanisation. Sources: Weathering of rocks/soils, but major environmental sources are man-made.

Antimony µg/l <1.6 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). Naturally occurring trace element used in metal industry and in flame retardant materials. Antimony can occur naturally in water from weathering of rocks but is more likely to arise from industrial effluents.

Molybdenum µg/l <2 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). Seems only to be present in the larger WWTPs i.e. with high urbanisation. Found in industrial effluents, but at a low occurrence rate.

Tin µg/l <5 and <0.1 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). Seems only to be present in the larger WWTPs i.e. with high urbanisation. Assessment of EPA monitoring of WWTP effluent samples identified that LOD of <1ug/l recorded in all cases. Round 4 low level results give an average of 1.5ug/l (when Ringsend is excluded the average concentration is 0.39). Most EPA IPPC analysis fail to detect Tin at 1 µg/l LoD.

Barium µg/l <7 7 Only a few values are <LOD. The LOD was high (<7ug/l) and given the other results for those WWTPs it seems reasonable to carry out a direct substitution

Boron µg/l <120 50 Seems only to be present in the larger WWTPs which are located coastally. It is present in seawater at around 5 mg/l.

Cobalt µg/l <0.6 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). Occurs in ores. Presence in water due to discharges. It is rarely found in natural waters. Currently, the major use for cobalt is in some types of steel, and in several types of alloys.

Vanadium µg/l <2 1 This element is naturally quite abundant and in addition relatively large amounts enter the environment from industrial and related activities. Use 50% of the LOD.

Alachlor µg/l <0.020 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Its use is banned in the European Union. High removal rates recorded in Activated Sludge process.

Aldrin µg/l <0.004 and <0.008 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Its use is banned in the European Union. High removal rates recorded in Activated Sludge process.

Dieldrin µg/l <0.004 and <0.008 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any effluent sample and was only detected in one influent sample. Its use is banned in the European Union. High removal rates recorded in Activated Sludge process.

Endrin µg/l <0.004 and <0.008 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Its use is banned in the European Union. High removal rates recorded in Activated Sludge process.

Heptachlor µg/l <0.002 and <0.004 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample.Its use is banned in the European Union. High removal rates recorded in Activated Sludge process.


84


Parameter Unit

<LOD Value (Outlet)

Simple Substitution

value Notes

Chlordane µg/l <0.002 and <0.004 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample.Its use is banned in the European Union. High removal rates recorded in Activated Sludge process.

Chlordecone µg/l <1000 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Its use is banned in the European Union. High removal rates recorded in Activated Sludge process.

Mirex µg/l < 4 and <20 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any effluent sample and was only detected in two influent samples. Its use is banned in the European Union. High removal rates recorded in Activated Sludge process.

Endosulphan µg/l <0.004 and <0.008 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any effluent sample and was only detected in one influent sample. Its use is banned in the European Union. High removal rates recorded in Activated Sludge process.

Dichlobenil µg/l <0.002 and <0.004 0.002 Dicholorobenil is a pesticide that is commonly used in Irish Agriculture. Substitute the <LOD with the LOD value.

Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane)

µg/l <0.003 and <0.006 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). Its use is banned in the European Union. Average removal rates are achieved in the Activated Sludge process. It has been detected in a small number of samples in this study.

Isodrin µg/l <0.004 and <0.008 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Its use is banned in the European Union

DDT - sum of all isomers µg/l <0.002 and <0.004 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Its use is banned in the European Union

Trifluralin µg/l <0.030 and <0.060 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It is broken down readily by UV light. High removal rates in Activated Sludge process. It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample.

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) µg/l <0.002 and <0.004 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Use as a fungicide is banned in EU

Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) µg/l <0.007 and <0.014 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). Hexachlorobutadiene is currently going through EU procedure for listing under the EU POPs Regulation. It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample.

Chlorfenvinphos µg/l <0.002 and <0.004 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Its use is banned in the European Union

Chlorpyrifos µg/l <0.002 and <0.004 0 Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero). Used as an insecticide. Good removal efficiencies in activated sludge. Seasonal variation in presence/absence has not been observed in this study. Only 1 positive result was observed in the effluent samples and at a very low concentration.

Atrazine µg/l <0.02 and <0.04 0.01 Associated with agriculture / horticulture. There is a restriction on its use. High removal efficiencies with activated sludge. The WWTP data do not suggest a widespread presence in effluents however Atrazine was found in some of the effluents even though it is banned. In natural waters it does occur on occasion. Use 50% of the LOD.


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Parameter Unit

<LOD Value (Outlet)

Simple Substitution

value Notes

Simazine µg/l <0.02 and <0.04 0.01 Associated with agriculture / horticulture. There is a restriction on its use. Low removal efficiencies with activated sludge. The WWTP data do not suggest a widespread presence in effluents however simazine was found in some of the effluents even though it is banned. In natural waters it does occur on occasion. Use 50% of the LOD.

Diuron µg/l <0.15 and <0.20 and <0.40 and <0.10 and <0.50 and <0.30 and <0.25 and <0.75

0 Associated with agriculture / horticulture. There is a restriction on its use. Low removal efficiencies with activated sludge however it degrades readily in water. It was only found in 2 effluent samples from Newcastle West WWTP. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Linuron µg/l <0.05 and <0.20 and <0.10 and <0.50

0 There is a restriction on its use. It is persentent is soil. Excelent removal efficiencies in activated sludge. It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Isoproturon µg/l <0.15 and <0.05 and <0.10 and <0.30 and <0.50 and <0.20 and <0.90 and <1.00 and <0.75

0.015 or 0 Used in agriculture - likely to be associated with rural catchments. Persistent in water bodies. Likely source is therefore surface water runoff and water supply. Low removal efficiencies with activated sludge. Isoproturon was detected at Dundalk WWTP once. It does not seem to be widespread. Use 30% of the detection level in rural catchments only. A value of 0 (zero) is to be used in all other catchments

Triphenyltin µg/l <0.02 and <0.20 and <0.03 <0.06 and <0.10 and <0.04

0 Historically used as antifouling paint. Its use is restricted in Ireland. It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Organotin µg/l <0.02 and <0.20 and <0.03 <0.06 and <0.10 and <0.04

0 Its use is restricted in Ireland. It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Tributyltin µg/l <0.02 and <0.20 and <0.03 <0.06 and <0.10 and <0.04

0 Its use is restricted in Ireland. It was not detected above the LOD in any influent or effluent sample. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Mecoprop µg/l <0.04 0.02 Heavy usage in agriculture - mainly applied to grass. Also used in park and amenity areas in Urban settings. Common in domestic herbicides also. Seasonal usage. Low removal efficiencies with activated sludge. Use 50% of the detection level.

2,4-D µg/l <0.05 0.005 Applied to grassland - Seasonal usage.It's application is not a widespread as some other Acid herbs. Use 10% of the detection level.

MCPA µg/l <0.05 0.01 Seasonal usage (generally applied in May). Low removal efficiencies with activated sludge. Use 20% of the detection level

Glyphosate µg/l <0.10 0.1 Wide usage across all sectors, used in amenity areas, in domestic settings and in agricultyre and forestry. Seasonal usage (generally applied in May). Use the reported LOD of <0.1ug/l

PAH, Total µg/l <0.01 0.002 Low aqueous solubility, approx 80% removal in WWTPS. The majority of PAHs are released by combustion processes, evaporation from materials treated with creosote, mineral oils, pitch. Also from wash-off from bitumen roads. They can also be released naturally from forest fires.


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Parameter Unit

<LOD Value (Outlet)

Simple Substitution

value Notes

Benzoperylenes µg/l <0.01 0.002 90% removal in WWTP. Used to make drugs, dyes, plastics, pesticides and explosives. PAHs are also created when combustion is incomplete. Use 20% of the detection level

Anthracene µg/l <0.01 0.002 Approx 70% reduction in WWTP. Only small amounts of anthracene are manufactured for their use in dyes and sometimes ptrotechnics. It can also be found in creososte and tar paints. Anthracene can be released to the environment when there is not sufficient oxygen to complete combustion. Use 20% of the detection level

Naphthalene µg/l <0.01 0.002 Napthalene is used in mothballs, insecticides, and the manufacture of dyes. The largest releases of naphthalene are from the burning of fossil fuels. Toxic to wildlife and aquatic organisms at high concs, breaks down easily in the environment. Detected above LOD in two samples Ringsend and Athlone. High removal in activated sludge. Use 20% of the detection level

Flouranthene µg/l <0.01 0.002 Fluoranthene is used in the manufacture of fluorescent dyes, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Fluoranthene can be released to atmosphere from the incomplete combustion. 93.5% removal WWTPs. Use 20% of the detection level

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors

µg/l <0.002 and <0.004 0 PCBs are used mainly as electrical insulating material in capacitors and transformers. They are also used as flame retardants. 98% removal in WWTPs. Use 0 (zero) evaporates quickly to air.

Tetrachloroethylene (PER) µg/l <1.0 and <2.0 0 The main use of PER is as a dry-cleaning agent for textiles and fabrics. It is also used for metal degreasing and is used in some consumer products. PER released to water and soil readily evaporates into the air or is slowly broken down by micro-organisms. 96% removal in WWTPs. Use 0 (zero) high removal in WWTPs and broken down by microbes.

Tetrachloromethane (TCM) µg/l <1.0 and <2.0 0 TCM is used in the manufacture of other chemicals. In the past it was commonly used as a dry-cleaning agent, a degreasing agent, a fire extinguishant and a pesticide. These uses are now banned. The major source of release of TCM is from industrial spillage. Doesn't mix with water. 95% removal in WWTP. Use 0 (zero) evaporates quickly to air.

Trichloroethylene µg/l <1.0 and <2.0 0 The main uses of trichloroethlene are as a metal degreasing agent and as a solvent in paints, lubricants, and paint strippers. Does not bio-accumulate innplants and animals and quickly evaporates to the air from water. It remains in soil for a long time. Approx 80% removal in WWTPs. High volitilisation. Use 0 (zero) evaporates quickly to air

Vinyl chloride µg/l <0.5 and <1.0 0 Most releases of vinyl chloride are from the plastics industry. There are no natural sources of vinyl chloride. In soils or water the compound is very mobile and may leach to groundwater. 96.6% removal in WWTPs. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) µg/l <1.0 and <2.0 0 Most releases to the environment are from its use in chemical manufacture. Previously large quantities were release from leaded petrol. It was not however found to be present in this study. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Dichloromethane (DCM) µg/l <1.0 and <2.0 0 The main uses of dichloromethane are in paint removers, aerosol solvents, in the manufacture of certain pharmaceuticals. It is also used as a degreasing agent in the electronics industries. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Phenols (as total C) µg/l <1.0 0.025 83% removal in activated sludge. Phenols are used for the manufacture of chemicals and resins. Phenols occure naturally in the environment and are also man made. Phenols are released to the environment as a waste product from industrial practices and their use as pesticides.


87


Parameter Unit

<LOD Value (Outlet)

Simple Substitution

value Notes

Octylphenols and Octylphenols Ethoxylates

µg/l <1 and <0.5 and <0.8 0 Octylphenols are found in many products such as rubber, detergents, non-ionic surfactants, plasticizers, antioxidants, pesticides, dyestuffs and adhesives. Approx 80% removal in activated sludge. They were not found to be present in this study. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs)

µg/l <1 and <4 0 Nonylphenols are used to produce nonyl phenol ethoxylates. They are also used in a large number of laboratory processes. They are also added to a number of commercial products including paints, adhesives and pesticides. Approx 80% removal in activated sludge. They were not found to be present in this study. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers)

µg/l <1.0 and <2.0 0 TCBs are mainly used in chemical manufacture of dyes. They also have a variety of uses as industrial solvents, insluating fluids, heat exchange fluids and degreasing agents. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) µg/l <1.0 0 The major source of release to the environment is from the timber and masonry that has been treated with PCP and from its manufacture. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Pentachlorobenzene µg/l <0.002 and <0.004 0 Used as a fire retardant and in the manufacture of fungicides. Persistent and bio-accumulative. High removal rate ~93% in activated sludge. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide µg/l < 0.06 and <0.10 0.06 Metabolite of Dichlobenil. Teagasc report on Dichlobenil use in Ireland identified low levels in groundwater. Use direct substitution.

Benzene as BTEX µg/l <0.10 0 High removal rate ~100% in activated sludge. Benzene is used in the production of dyes, detergents, coatings, plastics, fibres and pesticides. Benzene can also be found in petrol. Use zero - due to high removal efficiencies.

Toluene as BTEX µg/l <1.0 and <2.0 0 Toluene is used as a solvent and is often blended into petrol. It is also used in paints, thinners, adhesives and some printing processes. Toluene is release during the combustion of fuels and evaporation of toluene-containing products. High removal rate ~100% in activated sludge. Use zero - due to high removal efficiencies.

Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX

µg/l <0.20 0 Xylene is used in the manufacturing of chemicals, plastics, in solvents and in paints. Xylenes are both naturally occuring chemicals and are manafuctured by man. High removal rate ~100% in activated sludge. Use zero - due to high removal efficiencies.

Ethyl benzene (BTEX) µg/l <0.10 0 Ethyl bezene is used in the production of chemicals including rubber and plastics. Found in road run off. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate µg/l <1.00 0.5 DEHP is used in the production of PVC to make it more flexible. DEHP has the potential to leach or evaporate from th products that contain it, and also when products have been disposed of to landfill. Use 50% of the reported LOD

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD)

µg/l <20.00 0 Use of HBCD is authorised under the POPs Regs until 2015. It was not however found in this study but it can concentrate in sludges and is toxic. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Toxaphene µg/l <5.00 and <1.00 0 Toxaphene was previoulsy used as an insecticide. Its use has been banned in the EU under the Aarhus Protocol of the CLRTAP (Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution). Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Hexabromobiphenyl µg/l <0.002 and <0.004 0 High removal efficiencies in activated sludge. Hexabromobiphenyl is used as a fire retardant. It is mostly


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Parameter Unit

<LOD Value (Outlet)

Simple Substitution

value Notes

added to plastics which are used in electrical appliances. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero)

PFOS µg/l <0.005 0 PFOS is persistent in the environment. It does not hydrolyse, photolyse or biodegrade under environmental conditions and is not expected to volatilize. (CO-OPERATION ON EXISTING CHEMICALS HAZARD ASSESSMENT OF PERFLUOROOCTANE ULFONATE (PFOS) AND ITS SALTS, OECD). High removal efficiencies in activated sludge. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Tetrabromodiphenylether, Pentabromodiphenylether

µg/l <10.00 0 Historically used as flame retardant. Its use is banned. Additional congenors were tested in Round 4 - none of these PENTA BDEs have shown up. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).

Hexabromodiphenylether, Heptabromodiphenylether

µg/l <10.00 0 Historically used as flame retardant. Its use is bannedAdditional congenors were tested in Round 4 - none of these PENTA BDEs have shown up. Report the result as not detected i.e. as 0 (zero).


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An auditable trail of the simple substitution values used for the generation of emission factors was

maintained by applying a colour code to <LOD values that required simple substitution. This colour code

was carried through all of our background datasets in order that simple substitution values may be instantly

differentiated from measured values. An example is presented in Table 5.3 where simple substation values

are highlighted in blue.

Table 5.3 Simple Substitution Audit Trail

Raw Data including reported <LOD values Simple Substitution Values Applied

Cadmium Chromium Copper Cadmium Chromium Copper

Newcastle West Round 1 0.6 2.1 7 0.6 2.1 7

Newcastle West Round 2 0.7 <2 <1 0.7 0.1 0.5

Newcastle West Round 3 <0.6 <0.7 8 0.05 0.1 8

Newcastle West Round 4 <0.05 2.5 <9.00 0.05 2.5 0.5

5.4 Emission Concentrations Used in the Tool

Effluent monitoring results from Rounds 1 to 4 associated with each parameter were extracted from the

database relative to the trends observed to be associated with the catchment characteristics and the

average value was calculated which was used as the emission concentration. The extraction of results

took the following approach:

No Trend Observed

Where no trend was observed for a parameter, the full range of effluent monitoring results associated with

that parameter from all waste water treatment plants was extracted and the average value calculated.

Population Equivalent Trend

Certain parameters were identified as occurring more frequently and/or at higher concentrations in

association with particular population equivalent bands. The PE bands allocated to the Tool are

‘<10,000PE’, ‘10,000PE – 50,000PE’, and ‘>50,000PE’. Effluent monitoring results for the parameters

associated with treatment plants falling into each PE band were extracted and the averge value calculated

to generate the emission concentration. The emission concentrations generated for parameters showing

variation across the PE bands are presented in Table 5.4. All concentrations are in mg/l.

Table 5.4 Emission Concentrations for Parameters Linked to PE

<10,000PE 10,000 - 50,000PE >50,000PE

Fluorides (as total F) 0.235 0.242 0.55

Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) 0.00027 0.000 0.000

Chromium and compounds (as Cr) 0.0008 0.0003 0.0003

Copper and compounds (as Cu) 0.003 0.003 0.012

Lead and compounds (as Pb) 0.003 0.003 0.003

Tin 0.0001 0.0001 0.003

Molybdenum 0 0 0.0015

PAH, Total 0.00 0.00 0.00


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Two parameters, Arsenic and Barium showed variation in concentrations across the PE bands but also

showed signs of influence by saline intrusion. Table 5.5 shows the emission concnetrations generated for

these parameters. All concentrations are in mg/l.

Table 5.5 Emission Concentrations for Parameters Linked to PE & Coastal Location

<10,000PE 10,000 - 50,000PE >50,000PE Coastal

Arsenic and compounds (as As) 0.0006 0.0004 0.0022 0.0022

Barium 0.013 0.019 0.023 0.023

In this study, all plants >50,000PE were also located coastally. The influence of saline infiltration on plants

with a smaller population equivalent could not therefore be determined and the decision was taken to use

the 10,000 – 50,000PE values for plants >50,000PE that are located inland resulting in the following

scenarios:

� If a plant is >50,000PE and is coastally located the coastal values for arsenic and barium are

pulled used;

� If a plant is >50,000PE and is not coastally located the 10,000 – 50,000PE values for arsenic and

barium are used;

� If a plant is 10,000 – 50,000PE and is located inland the 10,000 – 50,000PE values for arsenic and

barium are used;

� If a plant is 10,000 – 50,000PE and is coastally located the coastal values for arsenic and barium

are used. These values may be slightly higher than what might be measured in reality as they are

associated with larger plants which might have industrial influences adding to the concentrations.

� If a plant is <10,000PE and is located inland the <10,000PE values for arsenic and barium are

used;

� If a plant is <10,000PE and is located coastally the <10,000PE values for arsenic and barium are

used i.e. coastal values are not applied on the assumption that limited saline intrusion wilol occur

given the small catchment size;

Level of Treatment Trend

Certain parameters were identified as occurring more frequently and/or at higher concentrations in

association with plants providing different types of treatment. The treatment options allocated to the Tool

fall into two categories: (a) Nutrient Removal, (b) Type of Treatment. The sub-categories under nutrient

removal are Phosphorus Removal Only - Biological/Chemical/Wetland, Nitrogen Removal Only,

Phosphorous and Nitrogen Removal, No Nutrient Removal. The sub-categories under type of treatment are

No Treatment, Primary Treatment Only, Secondary Treatment - Activated Sludge, Secondary Treatment -

Other, Tertiary Treatment - Filtration, and Disinfection. Effluent monitoring results for the parameters

associated with treatment plants falling into each treatment category were extracted and the averge value

calculated to generate the emission concentration. The emission concentrations generated for parameters

showing an association with treatment type are presented in Table 5.6. All concentrations are in mg/l.


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Table 5.6 Emission Concentrations for Parameters Linked to Type and Level of Treatment

No Phosphorus Removal Phosphorus Removal Activate Sludge Tricking Filter

Total phosphorus (as P) 2.258 0.878

Toluene as BTEX 0.0005 0.0036

Where the ‘No Treatment’ or ‘Primary treatment only’ option is selected, the Tool draws upon influent

sampling results rather than effluent sampling results with the logic that even where primary treatment is

provided the output will be more closely related to the influent samples than the effluent samples under this

study. The influent results utilised for the generation of emission concentrations for ‘No Treatment’ are

drawn from Round 1, 3 and 4 only. Influent monitoring results from Round 2 are not included as these are

representative of storm conditions. Note that the metal results from Round 3 were also excluded. Saline

intrusion did influence the concentration of certain parameters in coastally located plants. Specific coastal

concentrations were therefore generated for these parameters.

Inland / Coastal Location Trend

Certain parameters were identified as occurring more frequently and/or at higher concentrations depending

on the location of the treatment plants. Effluent monitoring results for the parameters associated with

treatment plants located coastally (i.e. where saline intrusionis likely to occur) were extracted and the

averge value calculated to generate the emission concentrations. The emission concentrations generated

for parameters showing an association with coastal locations are presented in Table 5.7. All concentrations

are in mg/l with the exception of conductivity.

Table 5.7 Emission Concentrations for Parameters Linked to Coastal Locations

Coastal Inland

Chlorides (as total Cl) 878 54

Conductivity (uS/cm) 2974 599

Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3) 428 201

Selenium 0.005 0.0004

Boron 0.29 0.06

Fugitive Emissions

Influent monitoring results from Round 2 were used to generate emission concentrations to be applied to

fugitive emissions. Round 2 sampling was conducted in storm conditions. It is considered that the Round 2

influent monitoring is closely representative of typical fugitive emissions from storm overflows, following first

flush. Note that the Ringsend Round 2 results were excluded as the sampling at Ringsent for Round 2 was

postposed until after the storm event.

The Round 2 influent results were assessed for any links between PE bands and concentrations of PRTR

substances. No correlation was determined. Emission concentrations were therefore generated using the

full range of influent monitoring results for Round 2 for all treatment plants. Saline intrusion did however

influence the concentration of certain parameters in coastally located plants. Specific ‘coastal fugitive

emission concentrations’ were therefore generated for these parameters.

The simple substitution values used in the generation of fugitive emission were the same as those applied

to the treated emission database.


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5.5 UWWTP Emissions Estimation Toolset Input Requirements & Functionality

The updated AER / PRTR UWWTP Emissions Estimation Toolset is an excel-based electronic tool which is

comprised of the following user interfaces:

1. “Introductory Guidance”: This section of the Tool provides an overview of the input and output

elements of the Tool and highlights the input functions of the Tool as well as providing definitions to

assist the user in the selection of the catchment characteristic features most appropriate to their

treatment plant.

2. “Sources”: This section of the Tool provides an overview of the information sources used in the

gerneration of emission concentrations.

3. “Water Emissions Data Input”: This is the only user data input interface of the Tool. Data entry is in two

forms. The first is the direct input of facility details including location and annual effluent flow. The

second input simply comprises a series of drop down menus from which the user selects the

catchment characteristics most appropriate to their treatment plant. The input fields are colour coded

to identify to the user the type of data entry required. The Water Emissions Data Input section of the

Tool is shown in Figure 5.1.

Figure 5.1 Extract from Updated Estimation Tool – User Data Input Interface


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4. “Water Emissions Background Data”: This is the emission concentration element of the Tool.

Depending on the catchment characteristics inputted by the user, the Tool will draw on different sets of

emission concentrations held in this section of the Tool. The database includes emission

concentrations representative of all permutations of the catchment characteristics that may be inputted

to the tool. Emission concentrations for fugitive emissions are also included under this section of the

Tool. This datasheet is hidden from view in the tool.

5. “Measured Vlaues”: This section of the Tool allows measured values to be used where available

instead of estimated concentrations. The Measured values section of the Tool is shown in Figure 5.3.

Figure 5.2 Extract from Updated Estimation Tool – Measured Values Interface


94


6. “Water Emissions Estimates”: This section of the Tool pulls the emission concentrations, appropriate

to the inputted catchment characteristics, from the Water Emissions Background Data sheet and

estimates the annual mass emissions of treated effluent discharges and fugitive emissions from the

treatment plant using the discharge volumes provided. The Water Emissions Estimates section of the

Tool is shown in Figure 5.3.

Figure 5.3 Extract from Updated Estimation Tool – Water Emissions Estimates Interface

7. “Releases to Water Output Table”: Is the summary of all estimated mass annual emissions from the

waste water treatment plant. This element of the Tool requires some limited user input. The user is

required to provide mass annual emission data for accidental discharges from the plant. A total mass

annual emission value is then generated for each parameter and is comprised of treated emissions,

fugitive emissions and accidental emissions. Where the EU reporting thresholds are exceeded this is

highlighted for information purposes. The Water Output Table is shown in Figure 5.4.


95


Figure 5.4 Extract from Updated Estimation Tool – Releases to Water Output Table Interface

5.6 Validation

The emission concentrations generated for use in the Tool were validated against the following data:

� Mitchelstown WWTP (PRTR submission 2011 - measured data)

� Watergrasshill WWTP (PRTR submission 2011 - measured data)

� Newcastle West WWTP (2011 AER – Priority Substances Screening data)

� Athlone WWTP (2010 AER - Priority Substances Screening data)

� Blarney WWTP (2009 AER - Priority Substances Screening data )

� Waterford City WWTP (2011 AER – Priority Substances Screening data)

� Cork City Carrigrennan WWTP (License application – Dangerous Substances Screening data)

� Cork City Carrigrennan WWTP (2011 PRTR submission - measured data)

� Dundalk WWTP (2011 AER - Priority Substances Screening data + PRTR measured data)

� Ringsend WWTP (2011 AER - Priority Substances Screening data)


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Validation was carried out by comparing measured effluent data from the above mentioned sources against

the emission concentrations generated in the new Toolset. The emission concentrations were validated

against the data that was representative of the characteristics of the individual treatment plants i.e. where

monitoring data for Mitchelstown was used, the emission concentrations were validated against the data for

a <10,000 p.e. trickling filter plant which is located inland and has phosphorus removal. Similarly, where

monitoring data for Waterford was used, the emission concentrations were validated against the data that

was representative of a >50,000 p.e. activated sludge plant coastally located and does not employ

phosphorus removal.

The emission concentrations generated for untreated discharges were validated against the Buncrana

WWDL screening data. Measured values were not available for the majority of substances and many

substances were reported as <LOD. The LODs achieved for the Buncrana monitoring were considerably

higher than those achieved in this study. Where measured values were reported above the limit of

detection, there was strong agreement between the measured values and the emission concentrations.

It must be noted that for many of the PRTR substances monitoring data was unavailable and as such no

validation could be performed. In addition no monitoring data was available for the purpose of validation for

the Portarlington and Ballinasloe treatment plants. These plants do not currently hold a discharge licence

under the Waste Water Authorisation Regulations.

All validation data is presented in Appendix C. The emission concentrations were in broad agreement with

measured values for the majority of substances.


97


It is recommended that additional investigations and studies would benefit the further development of the

toolset.

The plants included in this study were chosen to be reflective of a variety of PE bands catchment types. A

coincidence of particular characteristics occurs at the larger treatment plants included in this study i.e. all

treatment plants >50,000 PE (Dundalk, Waterford, Carrigrennan, and Ringsend) are located coastally and

do not provide phosphorus removal. All other plants included in the study provide chemical phosphorus

removal and are located inland. It would be beneficial to the further broadening of the tool to investigate the

relationship between PRTR substances and plants with high PE but which are located inland.

The plants included in this study were mainly of an activated sludge type. In order to generate a wider

range of emission factors for varying treatment options it is recommended that further study should be

conducted in this area focusing on a broader range of treatment options and levels of treatment to include

no treatment up to and including tertiary treatment.

It is also recommended that the focus of plant selection for future studies should be towards plants with a

broad range of non-domestic contribution within a number of PE bands. This may allow the inclusion of an

additional catchment descriptor in the tool which will further differentiate individual plants from one another

and ultimately their PRTR contributions to the environment.

A significant gap in the monitoring data pertains to fugitive emissions. Monitoring during storm conditions

will provide a better estimate of fugitive releases to the environment. It is recommended that storm water

should be sampled using composite sampling on a flow proportional basis using individual 1 litre

containers. This approach will give an indication of the trend in concentrations of PRTR substances in the

storm water over the duration of the storm and may allow an association between storm intensity and

PRTR concentrations to be derived. An investigation into the relationship between stormwater constituents

and the percentage of combined sewer in the catchment as well as the level of urbanisation of the

catchment would also benefit the the tool.

6. Recommendation for Further Development of the Tool


98


Eckenfelder, WW, Jr. and JL Musterman, 1992. The Activated Sludge Process- Theory and Practice.

Lancaster, PA: Technomic Publishing Company, Inc

Environmental Protection Agency, 1997. Wastewater Treatment Manual – ‘Primary, Secondary and

Tertiary Treatment’,

European Communities, 2001. Pollutants in urban waste water and sewage sludge

EPA STRIVE Programme 2007-2013, Jones L. et al, 2012: Monitoring Criteria for Priority Chemicals

Leading to Emission Factors P03509 (interim report)

Metcalf & Eddy, 2003. Wastewater Engineering Treatment and Reuse. Fourth Edition.

UK Water Industry Research Limited, 2009. A procedure for estimating emissions of Pollution Inventory

substances from sewage treatment works

The UK Water Industry Research Limited Chemicals Investigation Programme – A Mid-programme Update

UK Water Industry Research Limited, 2004. Dangerous Substances and Priority Hazardous

Substances/Priority Substances under the Water Framework Directive (04/WW/17/7).

Score PP, 2008. Priority pollutants behaviour in end of pipe wastewater treatment plants

Score PP, 2009. Priority pollutant behaviour in on-site treatment systems for industrial wastewaters

Score PP, 2009. Feasibility of treatment options: Comparison of the approaches evaluated to maximise

removal of Priority Pollutants

SEPA, 2009. Chemical Prioritisation: Ranking Chemicals of Concern to Scotland’s Environment

SWRBD, 2008. Dangerous Substances Usage Programme of Measures Study

Websites:

http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/quality/chemicals/

http://prtr.ec.europa.eu

http://prtr.epa.ie/

https://projetamperes.cemagref.fr/

http://www.sepa.org.uk

7. References



Appendix A. Results ___________________________________________________________________________ 100 Appendix B. Catchment Characteristics & Trends ____________________________________________________ 103 Appendix C. Validation of Emission Concentrations ___________________________________________________ 116

Appendices



Appendix A. Results



Provided in separate electronic copy.





Appendix B. Catchment Characteristics & Trends



Parameter Population Equivalent


Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment

% Non-domestic contribution

% Non-domestic contribution IPPC IPPC

Coastal/ Inland Coastal/ Inland Overall Comment

Trend Y/N Comment? Trend Y/N Comment? Trend Y/N Comment? Trend Y/N Comment?

Trend Y/N Comment? Comment?

Total nitrogen (as N)

X

no significant trend in influent or effluent concentrations X

no significant trend in effluent concentrations, however breakdown of constituents likely to be different X



no significant trend in influent or effluent concentrations no trend noted

Total phosphorus (as P)

�

slightly higher concentrations in plants >100,000 pe influent and effluent concentrations �

Lower concentrations in plants with chemical P removal X


no significant trend in influent or effluent concentrations �

higher concentrations in coastal plants Treatment

Total organic carbon

X

Slightly lower concentrations in plants <10,000 X

no significant trend in effluent concentrations X

no significant trend in effluent concentrations X


no significant trend in effluent concentrations no trend noted

Chlorides (as total Cl)

�

Significantly higher concentrations in influent and effluent from higher PE plants �

Significantly higher concentrations plants with primary & secondary treatment only �

Significantly higher concentrations plants >50% non-dom X

no significant trend in influent or effluent concentrations �

higher concentrations in coastal plants Coastal

Cyanides (as total CN)

X

detected in effluent of 3 WWWTPs only X

detected in effluent of 3 WWWTPs only (P&S and S&NR) X

detected in effluent of 3 WWWTPs only - no trend X


detected in a effluent of 3 WWWTPs only no trend noted

Fluorides (as total F)

�

Higher concentrations in higher PE plants �

Higher concentrations in PS WWTPs X

no trend noted �

Higher concentrations in plants with greater no. IPPC industries �

Higher concentrations coastal WWTPs PE

Conductivity (uS/cm)

�

Higher concentrations in higher PE plants �

Higher concentrations in PS WWTPs �

Higher concentrations in WWTPs with higher non-dom �

Higher concentrations in plants with greater no. IPPC industries �

Higher concentrations coastal WWTPs Coastal





Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment






pH

X no trend noted X no trend noted X no trend noted X no trend noted X no trend noted no trend noted


�

Greater occurrence and higher concentrations in influent and effluent in higher PE plants �

Higher concentrations in PS WWTPs �

Higher concentrations in WWTPs with higher non-dom (>20%) �

Higher concentrations in WWTPs with higher no. IPPC licences �

Slightly higher concentrations coastal WWTPs coastal and higher PEs


�

Detected at a slightly higher frequency and concentrations in WWTPs with PE <10,000 pe �

Detected at a slightly higher frequency and concentrations in S&CP WWTPs �

Higher concentrations (at 2 WWTPs) and higher frequency of detection at non <20% �

Higher concentrations (at 2 WWTPs) and higher frequency of detection with 0 IPPC �

Slightly higher concentrations inland WWTPs PE

Chromium and compounds (as Cr)

�

Detected at a slightly higher frequency in WWTPs with PE <10,000 pe �

Detected at a slightly higher frequency in S&CP WWTPs �

Higher concentrations (at 2 WWTPs) and higher frequency of detection at non <20% X

Higher concentrations (but 1 sample raising average) and higher frequency of detection with 0 IPPC �

Slightly higher concentrations inland WWTPs PE

Copper and compounds (as Cu)

�

Detected at a slightly higher frequency in WWTPs with PE >10,000 pe �

Higher concentrations in PS WWTPs, although one conc elevating average �

Higher concentrations with higher non-domestic contributions �


Higher concentrations coastal WWTPs (occasional high concs) PE

Mercury and compounds (as Hg)

X

not detected above the LOD in any sample X




not detected above the LOD in any sample






Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment






Nickel and compounds (as Ni)

X


no significant trend in influent or effluent concentrations, SCP higher effluent concs but once off values raising the average X




Lead and compounds (as Pb)

X


no significant trend in influent or effluent concentrations, X

no significant trend ( X

no significant trend X


Zinc and compounds (as Zn)

X


high influent concs to trickling filter plant X




Selenium

X

only detected in plants >50,000 pe X

only detected in plants with PS X

only detected in plants >20 ND �

detected only in coastal WWTPs �

Detected only in coastal WWTPs � Coastal

Antimony

X

recorded in small number of samples no significant trend X




recorded in small number of samples no significant trend no trend noted

Molybdenum

�

Recorded in >50,000PE plants only X




Recorded in >50,000PE plants only PE

Tin

�

Highest concentrations in >50,000 PE X

Highest concentrations in >50,000 PE X

no significant trend �


detected above LOD in small number of samples, slightly higher concentrations in coastal WWTPs (occasonal high concs) PE





Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment






Barium

�

ubiquitous in all WWTPs, higher concentrations in higher PE bands X

ubiquitous in all WWTPs, no clear trend �

ubiquitous in all WWTPs, higher concentrations in higher non-dom conc �

ubiquitous in all WWTPs, higher concentrations in WWTPs with IPPC licences �

ubiquitous in all WWTPs, higher concentrations in coastal WWTPs coastal and higher PEs

Boron

�

ubiquitous in all WWTPs, higher concentrations in highers PE bands �

highest concentartions in WWTPs with PS �

ubiquitous in all WWTPs, higher concentrations in higher non-dom conc �

ubiquitous in all WWTPs, higher concentrations in WWTPs with IPPC licences �

Higher concentrations coastal WWTPs Coastal

Cobalt

X

Recorded in small number of samples X




Recorded in small number of samples no trend noted

Vanadium

X

recorded in effluent samples across all PE bands X




recorded in effluent samples across all PE bands no trend noted

Chloroalkanes (C10-C13) Not tested in this study Due to complexities of analysis and matrix interference Alachlor

X







Aldrin

X







Dieldrin

X











Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment






Endrin

X







Heptachlor

X







Chlordane

X







Chlordecone

X







Mirex

X







Endosulphan

X







Dichlobenil

X

no significant trend in influent or effluent concentrations, High Concs at Ballinasloe X




no significant trend in influent or effluent concentrations, High Concs at Ballinasloe no trend noted

Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane)

X

detected in a small number of WWTPs above the LOD X




detected in a small number of WWTPs above the LOD no trend noted

Isodrin

X











Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment






DDT - sum of all isomers

X







Trifluralin

X







Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)

X







Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD)

X







Chlorfenvinphos

X







Chlorpyrifos

X

detected above the LOD in only one WWTP close to the LOD X




detected above the LOD in only one WWTP close to the LOD no trend noted

Atrazine

X






Simazine

X

detected above the LOD in small number of WWTPs X




detected above the LOD in small number of WWTPs no trend noted

Diuron

X

detected above the LOD in one WWTP X




detected above the LOD in one WWTP no trend noted


Effluent Characterisation Study Parameter



Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment






Linuron

X







Isoproturon

X






Triphenyltin

X







Organotin

X







Tributyltin

X







Mecoprop

X

detected in a significant number of WWTPs X

ubiquitous detected in a significant number of WWTPs X



ubiquitous detected in a significant number of WWTPs no trend noted

2,4-D

X

detected in a approx half of WWTPs, no trend noted X no trend noted X

no trend noted X no trend noted X no trend noted no trend noted

MCPA

X

detected in a approx half of WWTPs X no trend noted X

no trend noted X no trend noted X no trend noted no trend noted

Glyphosate

X ubiquotuus at all WWTPs X

ubiquotuus at all WWTPs X



ubiquotuus at all WWTPs no trend noted





Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment






PAH, Total

�

higher frequency of occurrence in the influent of plants >50,000 pe. Detected in a small number of WWWTPs , with similar concs. �

higher frequency of occurrence in the PS WWTPs. Detected in a small number of WWWTPs , with similar concs. X

no significant trend noted �

higher frequency of occurrence in the influent of plants larger number of IPPC industries. Detected in a small number of WWWTPs , with similar concs. X no trend noted PE

Benzo[a]pyrene

X







Benzo[b]fluoranthene

X







Benzo[ghi]perylene

X







Benzo[k]fluoranthene

X







Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene

X

detected above the LOD in only one sample (<10,000 pe) X

detected above the LOD in only one sample X



detected above the LOD in only one sample no trend noted

Anthracene

X

detected above the LOD in only two samples (<10,000 pe) X









Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment






Naphthalene

X

detected above the LOD in only two samples (>10,000 and >50,000 pe) X





Flouranthene

X

detected above the LOD in only one sample ( >50,000 pe) X





Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors

X







Halogenated organic compounds (as AOX) Not tested in this study Due to complexities of analysis and matrix interference Tetrachloroethylene (PER)

X






Tetrachloromethane (TCM)

X







Trichloroethylene

X







Vinyl chloride

X







1,2-dichloroethane (EDC)

X











Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment






Dichloromethane (DCM)

X







Carbon tetrachloride

X







Phenols (as total C)

� no trend noted Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates

X







Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs)

X


detected above the LOD in only one sample ( PS) X

detected above the LOD in only one sample ( ND>50%) X no trend noted X no trend noted no trend noted

Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers)

X







Pentachlorophenol (PCP)

X







Pentachlorobenzene

X







2,6-Dichlorobenzamide

X

Slightly higher concentrations with higher PE bands. X



no significant trend X no trend noted no trend noted

Benzene as BTEX

X

detected above the LOD in only two samples (10,000-50,000 pe) X

detected above the LOD in only two samples (SN) X

no significant trend (detected above LOD in 2 samples only) X

no significant trend (detected above LOD in 2 samples only) X no trend noted no trend noted





Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment






Toluene as BTEX

X no trend can be identified. �

Higher concs with higher frequency in trickling filter plant, although high concentrations detected at other WWTPs �

Higher concs in WWTPs <50% ND, although high concs affecting average X

no significant trend X no trend noted Treatment

Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene) as BTEX

X

Few detections (3 nr.) at WWTPs >10,000 pe X

no trend identified X



Ethyl benzene (as BTEX)

X

Few detections (3 nr., same WWTPs as Ethyl benzene) at WWTPs >10,000 pe X





X

ubiquitous in all WWTPs, no trend X

ubiquitous in all WWTPs, apparent lower removal rates with tricking filter, although similar effluent concentrations. X



no trend identified no trend noted

Dicofol Not tested in this study due to complexities of analysis and matrix interference Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD)

X







Toxaphene

X







Hexabromobiphenyl

X











Level of Treatment

Level of Treatment






PFOS

X

detected above the LOD in only one sample (>50,000 pe) X

detected above the LOD in only one sample (PS) X




Tetrabromodiphenylether

X







Hexabromodiphenylether

X







Pentabromodiphenylether

X







Heptabromodiphenylether

X







Decabromodiphenyl ether

X







Octabromodiphenyl ether X







Nonabromodiphenyl ether X









Appendix C. Validation of Emission Concentrations



Table 7.1 Emission concentrations generated for Plants of <10,000 PE included in this study validated against measured data for the individual Plants

Determinands Units of Measurement

Mitchelstown WWTP

measured data PRTR 2011 submission

Estimation Toolset V5 Emission

Concentrations for UWWTPs (similar to

Mitchelstown WWTP):

<10,000 p.e., No saline intrusion, Secondary Treatment - Attached Growth, Phosphorus

Removal Only

Newcastle West WWTP measured data 2011 AER -

Priority Substances

screening data

Watergrasshill WWTP


Estimation Toolset V5

Emission Concentrations for UWWTPs (similar to

Watergrasshill and Newcastle West WWTPs):

<10,000 p.e., No saline intrusion, Secondary Treatment - Activated Sludge,

Phosphorus Removal Only

Total nitrogen (as N) mg/l 14.455 14.455

Total phosphorus (as P) mg/l 0.878 0.878

Total organic carbon mg/l 9.220 9.220

Chlorides (as total Cl) mg/l 54.120 54.120

Cyanides (as total CN) mg/l 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.003

Fluorides (as total F) mg/l 0.230 0.235 0.100 0.330 0.235

Conductivity (uS/cm) uS/cm 599.083 599.083

Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3) mg/l 201.750 201.750

pH 7.489 7.489

Arsenic and compounds (as As) mg/l 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001

Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) µg/l 0.025 0.267 <0.1 0.088 0.267

Chromium and compounds (as Cr) µg/l 0.139 0.800 2.600 0.135 0.800

Copper and compounds (as Cu) µg/l 10.558 3.000 4.500 9.366 3.000

Mercury and compounds (as Hg) µg/l 0.018 0.000 <0.02 0.018 0.000

Nickel and compounds (as Ni) µg/l 1.144 4.258 4.600 1.141 4.258

Lead and compounds (as Pb) µg/l 0.060 3.039 3.700 1.099 3.039

Zinc and compounds (as Zn) µg/l 8.055 49.364 45.900 33.747 49.364

Selenium µg/l 0.000 <0.2 0.000

Antimony µg/l 0.155 0.500 0.155

Molybdenum µg/l 0.000 0.000

Tin µg/l 0.144 0.144

Barium µg/l 13.244 13.244

Boron µg/l 61.111 110.000 61.111

Cobalt µg/l 0.176 0.176

Vanadium µg/l 2.727 2.727

Chloroalkanes (C10-C13) µg/l

Alachlor µg/l 0.000 < 0.02 0.000

Aldrin µg/l 0.000 < 0.05 0.000

Dieldrin µg/l 0.001 0.000 < 0.05 0.000

Endrin µg/l 0.000 0.000

Heptachlor µg/l 0.000 < 0.05 0.000

Chlordane µg/l 0.000 0.000

Chlordecone µg/l 0.000 0.000




Mitchelstown WWTP




Mitchelstown WWTP):


Removal Only


Priority Substances

screening data

Watergrasshill WWTP







Mirex µg/l 0.000 0.000

Endosulphan µg/l 0.000 <0.05 0.000

Dichlobenil µg/l 0.004 0.004

Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) µg/l 0.000 <0.08 0.000

Isodrin µg/l 0.001 0.000 < 0.05 0.000

DDT - sum of all isomers µg/l 0.000 < 0.06 0.000

Trifluralin µg/l 0.000 0.000

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) µg/l 0.000 < 0.02 0.000

Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) µg/l 0.000 < 1 0.000

Chlorfenvinphos µg/l 0.000 < 0.05 0.000

Chlorpyrifos µg/l 0.000 0.000

Atrazine µg/l 0.001 0.010 < 0.05 0.010

Simazine µg/l 0.005 0.014 < 0.05 0.014

Diuron µg/l 0.020 0.026 < 0.05 0.018 0.026

Linuron µg/l 0.000 < 0.05 0.000

Isoproturon µg/l 0.001 0.008 < 0.05 0.008

Triphenyltin µg/l 0.000 0.000

Organotin µg/l 0.000 0.000

Tributyltin µg/l 0.000 0.000

Mecoprop µg/l 0.107 0.107

2,4-D µg/l 0.051 0.051

MCPA µg/l 0.089 0.089

Glyphosate µg/l 1.533 < 0.5 1.533

PAH, Total µg/l 0.011 0.011

Benzo[a]pyrene µg/l 0.002 < 0.05 0.002

Benzo[b]fluoranthene µg/l 0.002 < 0.05 0.002

Benzo[ghi]perylene µg/l 0.002 < 0.05 0.002

Benzo[k]fluoranthene µg/l 0.002 < 0.05 0.002

Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene µg/l 0.002 < 0.05 0.002

Anthracene µg/l 0.003 0.003

Naphthalene µg/l 0.005 0.004 < 0.05 0.005 0.004

Flouranthene µg/l 0.002 0.002

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors µg/l 0.000 0.000

Halogenated organic compounds (as AOX) µg/l




Mitchelstown WWTP




Mitchelstown WWTP):


Removal Only


Priority Substances

screening data

Watergrasshill WWTP







Tetrachloroethylene (PER) µg/l 0.194 0.059 0.194 0.059

Tetrachloromethane (TCM) µg/l 0.000 0.000

Trichloroethylene µg/l 2.498 0.000 2.499 0.000

Vinyl chloride µg/l 0.000 0.000

1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) µg/l 0.325 0.000 < 0.1 0.323 0.000

Dichloromethane (DCM) µg/l 2.498 0.045 < 0.5 2.499 0.045

Carbon tetrachloride µg/l 0.000 0.000

Phenols (as total C) µg/l 0.049 0.910 < 0.5 0.047 0.910

Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates µg/l 0.000 0.000

Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs) µg/l 0.083 0.083

Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers) µg/l 0.000 0.000

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) µg/l 0.000 0.000

Pentachlorobenzene µg/l 0.000 0.000

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide µg/l 0.080 0.080

Benzene as BTEX µg/l 0.017 0.017

Toluene as BTEX µg/l 3.625 < 0.5 0.493

Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX µg/l 0.116 0.116

Ethyl benzene (BTEX) µg/l 0.017 0.017

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate µg/l 0.917 0.917

Dicofol µg/l

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) µg/l 0.000 0.000

Toxaphene µg/l 0.000 0.000

Hexabromobiphenyl µg/l 0.000 0.000

PFOS µg/l 0.000 0.000

Tetrabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.000 0.000

Hexabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.000 0.000

Pentabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.000 0.000

Heptabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.000 0.000

Decabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0.000 0.000

Octabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0.000 0.000

Nonabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0.000 0.000


Effluent Characterisation Study Table 7.2 Emission concentrations generated for Plants of 10,000 PE to 50,000 PE included in this study validated against measured data for the individual Plants

Determinands Units of Measurement Athlone WWTP measured data

AER 2010 - Priority Substances Screening

data

Blarney WWTP

Measured data

AER 2009 – Priority Substances Screening

Data


Emission Concentrations for UWWTPs (similar to Athlone and Blarney WWTPs):

10,000 – 50,000 p.e., No saline intrusion, Secondary Treatment - Activated Sludge,


Total nitrogen (as N) mg/l 14.455

Total phosphorus (as P) mg/l 0.878

Total organic carbon mg/l 9.220

Chlorides (as total Cl) mg/l 84.885

Cyanides (as total CN) mg/l <0.05 0.006 0.003

Fluorides (as total F) mg/l 0.529 0.242

Conductivity (uS/cm) uS/cm 696.364

Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3) mg/l 214.909

pH 7.489

Arsenic and compounds (as As) mg/l 0.001 0.000 0.000

Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) µg/l <0.1 <0.05 0.05

Chromium and compounds (as Cr) µg/l 9.09 0.6 0.292

Copper and compounds (as Cu) µg/l 4.37 2.9 3.083

Mercury and compounds (as Hg) µg/l <0.01 <0.03 0

Nickel and compounds (as Ni) µg/l 2.73 <2.29 4.26

Lead and compounds (as Pb) µg/l 0.194 <0.12 3.04

Zinc and compounds (as Zn) µg/l 7.34 12.5 49.364

Selenium µg/l 0.617 0

Antimony µg/l 0.155

Molybdenum µg/l 0.000

Tin µg/l 0.108

Barium µg/l 21.3 18.508

Boron µg/l 33.3 62.875

Cobalt µg/l 0.176

Vanadium µg/l 2.727


Alachlor µg/l <0.001 0

Aldrin µg/l <0.01 <0.1 0

Dieldrin µg/l <0.01 <0.01 0

Endrin µg/l <0.01 <0.001 0

Heptachlor µg/l <0.01 0

Chlordane µg/l <0.01 0

Chlordecone µg/l 0

Mirex µg/l 0

Endosulphan µg/l <0.01 <0.01 0

Dichlobenil µg/l 0.0043





data

Blarney WWTP

Measured data


Data





Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) µg/l <0.01 <0.1 0.0005

Isodrin µg/l <0.01 <0.001 0

DDT - sum of all isomers µg/l <0.01 <0.001 0

Trifluralin µg/l <0.01 0

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) µg/l <0.01 <0.5 0

Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) µg/l <1 0

Chlorfenvinphos µg/l <0.01 <0.01 0

Chlorpyrifos µg/l <0.001 0.0001

Atrazine µg/l <1 <0.01 0.0105

Simazine µg/l <1 <0.01 0.0141

Diuron µg/l 0.16 <0.01 0.0264

Linuron µg/l <0.05 <0.01 0

Isoproturon µg/l <0.05 <0.01 0.0075

Triphenyltin µg/l 0

Organotin µg/l 0

Tributyltin µg/l 0

Mecoprop µg/l 0.107

2,4-D µg/l 0.051

MCPA µg/l 0.089

Glyphosate µg/l <0.001 1.533

PAH, Total µg/l <0.1 0.009

Benzo[a]pyrene µg/l <0.009 <0.01 0.002

Benzo[b]fluoranthene µg/l <0.023 <0.01 0.002

Benzo[ghi]perylene µg/l <0.016 <0.01 0.002

Benzo[k]fluoranthene µg/l <0.027 <0.01 0.002

Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene µg/l <0.014 <0.01 0.0022

Anthracene µg/l <0.015 <0.01 0.0028

Naphthalene µg/l <0.1 <0.01 0.0040

Flouranthene µg/l <0.014 0.0023

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors µg/l <1 0


Tetrachloroethylene (PER) µg/l <1 0.0591

Tetrachloromethane (TCM) µg/l 0

Trichloroethylene µg/l <1 0

Vinyl chloride µg/l <1.2 0

1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) µg/l 0

Dichloromethane (DCM) µg/l <3.7 <1 0.0455





data

Blarney WWTP

Measured data


Data





Carbon tetrachloride µg/l <1 0

Phenols (as total C) µg/l <0.5 <0.1 0.9098

Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates µg/l <0.001 0.0000

Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs) µg/l <0.1 0.0830

Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers) µg/l 0

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) µg/l <0.5 <0.1 0

Pentachlorobenzene µg/l <0.001 0

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide µg/l 0.0805

Benzene as BTEX µg/l <1.3 <0.08 0.0168

Toluene as BTEX µg/l <1.4 <0.28 0.4933

Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX µg/l <0.73 0.1159

Ethyl benzene (BTEX) µg/l 0.0166

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate µg/l <0.001 0.9173

Dicofol µg/l

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) µg/l 0

Toxaphene µg/l 0

Hexabromobiphenyl µg/l 0

PFOS µg/l 0.0005

Tetrabromodiphenylether µg/l <0.001 0

Hexabromodiphenylether µg/l 0

Pentabromodiphenylether µg/l 0

Heptabromodiphenylether µg/l 0

Decabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0

Octabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0

Nonabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0



Table 7.3 Emission concentrations generated for Plants >50,000 PE included in this study validated against measured data for the individual Plants


Waterford City WWTP

Measured data 2011 AER –

Priority Substances

Screening Data

Cork City WWTP (Carrigrennan)

Measured data – Dangerous Substances

License Application

Cork City WWTP (Carrigrennan) Measured data

PRTR 2011 submission

Dundalk WWTP Measured data

2011 AER – Priority

Substances Screening data +

PRTR data submission)

Ringsend WWTP

Measured data

2011 AER-

Priority Substances Screening

Data



Waterford, Carrigrennan, Ringsend and

Dundalk WWTPs):

>50,000 p.e., Yes saline intrusion, Secondary Treatment - Activated Sludge, No Nutrient

Removal

Total nitrogen (as N) mg/l 14.694

Total phosphorus (as P) mg/l 2.258

Total organic carbon mg/l 13.200 9.220

Chlorides (as total Cl) mg/l 1350.547 878.000

Cyanides (as total CN) mg/l <10 <0.1 0.014 <0.050 0.003

Fluorides (as total F) mg/l 0.450 0.500 0.485 0.300 0.550



pH 7.489

Arsenic and compounds (as As) mg/l 0.003 0.003 0.008 0.003 0.002

Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) µg/l 0.1 <0.5 <0.2 0.05

Chromium and compounds (as Cr) µg/l 6 <5 <0.2 0.31

Copper and compounds (as Cu) µg/l 5.3 <0.005 4.18 12.22

Mercury and compounds (as Hg) µg/l <0.05 <0.1 <0.0100 0.00

Nickel and compounds (as Ni) µg/l 3 2.79 <0.2 4.26

Lead and compounds (as Pb) µg/l 0.8 <5 5.00 3.04

Zinc and compounds (as Zn) µg/l 64 39 32.80 49.36

Selenium µg/l 10 4.75

Antimony µg/l 10 <1.6 0.15

Molybdenum µg/l 73 1.52

Tin µg/l <5 3.03

Barium µg/l 22.98

Boron µg/l <0.3 293.50

Cobalt µg/l <0.6 0.18

Vanadium µg/l <2.0 2.73


Alachlor µg/l <0.1 0.020 0.00

Aldrin µg/l <0.01 0.004 0.00




Waterford City WWTP


Priority Substances

Screening Data



License Application







Ringsend WWTP

Measured data

2011 AER-


Data




Dundalk WWTPs):


Removal

Dieldrin µg/l <0.01 0.004 <8 0.00

Endrin µg/l <0.01 0.004 0.00

Heptachlor µg/l 0.00

Chlordane µg/l 0.00

Chlordecone µg/l 1.000 0.00

Mirex µg/l 0.020 0.00

Endosulphan µg/l <0.01 0.004 0.00

Dichlobenil µg/l 0.009 0.00

Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) µg/l <0.01 0.00

Isodrin µg/l <0.01 0.004 <8 0.00

DDT - sum of all isomers µg/l <0.01 0.00

Trifluralin µg/l 0.030 0.00

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) µg/l <0.01 0.002 0.00

Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) µg/l <1 0.007 0.00

Chlorfenvinphos µg/l <0.01 0.002 0.00

Chlorpyrifos µg/l <0.01 0.002 0.00

Atrazine µg/l <0.01 0.020 0.01

Simazine µg/l 0.03 0.020 0.01

Diuron µg/l 0.1 0.200 0.03

Linuron µg/l <0.1 0.00

Isoproturon µg/l <0.1 0.750 0.01

Triphenyltin µg/l 0.00

Organotin µg/l <0.01 0.00

Tributyltin µg/l <20.000 0.00

Mecoprop µg/l 0.04 0.11

2,4-D µg/l 0.04 0.05

MCPA µg/l <0.03 0.09

Glyphosate µg/l 11 0.272 1.53

PAH, Total µg/l <0.01 <0.2 0.01

Benzo[a]pyrene µg/l <0.01 <1.0 0.00

Benzo[b]fluoranthene µg/l <0.01 <1.0 0.00




Waterford City WWTP


Priority Substances

Screening Data



License Application







Ringsend WWTP

Measured data

2011 AER-


Data




Dundalk WWTPs):


Removal

Benzo[ghi]perylene µg/l <0.01 <1.0 0.00

Benzo[k]fluoranthene µg/l <0.01 <1.0 0.00

Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene µg/l <0.01 <0.014 0.00

Anthracene µg/l <0.00 <0.015 0.00

Naphthalene µg/l <0.01 0.607 <0.100 0.00

Flouranthene µg/l <0.01 0.00

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors µg/l 0.00


Tetrachloroethylene (PER) µg/l 1.000 <1.0 0.06

Tetrachloromethane (TCM) µg/l 0.00

Trichloroethylene µg/l 1.000 0.00

Vinyl chloride µg/l 0.500 <1.0 0.00

1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) µg/l 1.000 <1.0 0.00

Dichloromethane (DCM) µg/l <10 1.000 14.3 0.05

Carbon tetrachloride µg/l <1 <1.0 0.00

Phenols (as total C) µg/l <5 <5 0.91

Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates µg/l 0.00

Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs) µg/l <0.1 0.08

Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers) µg/l <1 <0.06 0.00

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) µg/l <1 0.00

Pentachlorobenzene µg/l <10 0.00


Benzene as BTEX µg/l <1 <0.10 0.02

Toluene as BTEX µg/l <0.10 0.49

Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX µg/l <1 2.6 <0.30 0.12

Ethyl benzene (BTEX) µg/l <0.10 0.02

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate µg/l 0.92

Dicofol µg/l

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) µg/l 0.00

Toxaphene µg/l 0.00

Hexabromobiphenyl µg/l 0.00




Waterford City WWTP


Priority Substances

Screening Data



License Application







Ringsend WWTP

Measured data

2011 AER-


Data




Dundalk WWTPs):


Removal

PFOS µg/l 0.00

Tetrabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.00

Hexabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.00

Pentabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.00

Heptabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.00

Decabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0.00

Octabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0.00

Nonabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0.00



Table 7.4 Emission concentrations generated for Plants with no treatment or preliminary treatment validated against measured data for the Buncrana WWTP

Determinands Units of Measurement Buncrana WWTP

Measured data-

License Application - Dangerous Substances screening data

Preliminary Treatment only


Emission Concentrations for UWWTPs (similar to Buncrana):

<10,000 p.e., Yes saline intrusion, No Treatment, No Nutrient Removal

Total nitrogen (as N) mg/l 48 34.32

Total phosphorus (as P) mg/l 7.45 4.80

Total organic carbon mg/l 54.60

Chlorides (as total Cl) mg/l 919.92

Cyanides (as total CN) mg/l <50 0.00

Fluorides (as total F) mg/l 0.1 0.30



pH 7.38

Arsenic and compounds (as As) mg/l <2.0 0.47

Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) µg/l <1.0 0.10

Chromium and compounds (as Cr) µg/l 28.5 2.85

Copper and compounds (as Cu) µg/l 160 45.55

Mercury and compounds (as Hg) µg/l <0.2 0.10

Nickel and compounds (as Ni) µg/l 10 5.92

Lead and compounds (as Pb) µg/l 13.4 8.45

Zinc and compounds (as Zn) µg/l 328.2 146.97

Selenium µg/l <2.0 0.00

Antimony µg/l 0.14

Molybdenum µg/l 0.00

Tin µg/l 2.32

Barium µg/l 58.3 44.95

Boron µg/l <0.2 73.00

Cobalt µg/l 0.00

Vanadium µg/l 2.33

Chloroalkanes (C10-C13) µg/l 0.00

Alachlor µg/l 0.00

Aldrin µg/l 0.00

Dieldrin µg/l 0.00

Endrin µg/l 0.00

Heptachlor µg/l 0.00

Chlordane µg/l 0.00

Chlordecone µg/l 0.00

Mirex µg/l 16.09

Endosulphan µg/l 0.00




Measured data-






Dichlobenil µg/l 0.00

Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) µg/l 0.00

Isodrin µg/l 0.00

DDT - sum of all isomers µg/l 0.00

Trifluralin µg/l 0.00

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) µg/l 0.00

Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) µg/l 0.00

Chlorfenvinphos µg/l 0.00

Chlorpyrifos µg/l 0.00

Atrazine µg/l <0.05 0.02

Simazine µg/l <0.05 0.01

Diuron µg/l 0.00

Linuron µg/l 0.00

Isoproturon µg/l 0.02

Triphenyltin µg/l 0.00

Organotin µg/l 0.00

Tributyltin µg/l <0.02 0.00

Mecoprop µg/l 0.04

2,4-D µg/l 0.03

MCPA µg/l 0.05

Glyphosate µg/l 9.98

PAH, Total µg/l 0.29

Benzo[a]pyrene µg/l 0.00

Benzo[b]fluoranthene µg/l 0.00

Benzo[ghi]perylene µg/l 0.04

Benzo[k]fluoranthene µg/l 0.00

Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene µg/l 0.03

Anthracene µg/l 0.00

Naphthalene µg/l 0.03

Flouranthene µg/l 0.01

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors µg/l 0.00

Halogenated organic compounds (as AOX) µg/l 0.00

Tetrachloroethylene (PER) µg/l 0.13

Tetrachloromethane (TCM) µg/l 0.00

Trichloroethylene µg/l 0.00

Vinyl chloride µg/l 0.00

1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) µg/l 0.00




Measured data-






Dichloromethane (DCM) µg/l <5.00 0.72

Carbon tetrachloride µg/l 0.00

Phenols (as total C) µg/l 40.60

Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates µg/l 0.00

Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs) µg/l 0.00

Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers) µg/l 0.00

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) µg/l 0.00

Pentachlorobenzene µg/l 0.00


Benzene as BTEX µg/l 0.00

Toluene as BTEX µg/l 35.4 7.30

Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX µg/l <0.1 0.00

Ethyl benzene (BTEX) µg/l 0.00

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate µg/l 8.97

Dicofol µg/l 0.00

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) µg/l 0.00

Toxaphene µg/l 0.00

Hexabromobiphenyl µg/l 0.00

PFOS µg/l 0.00

Tetrabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.00

Hexabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.00

Pentabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.00

Heptabromodiphenylether µg/l 0.00

Decabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0.00

Octabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0.00

Nonabromodiphenyl ether µg/l 0.00



Table 7.5 Emission Concentration Background Dataset used in the new UWW Estimation Toolset V5.0 – see next page

VERSION 5.0 July 2012

Annex II

NumberDeterminands

Units

<10000 p.e., Yes

saline intrusion,

No Treatment,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Chem

ical/Wetland

<10000 p.e., Yes

saline intrusion,

No Treatment,

Nitrogen

Removal Only

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

No Nutrient

Removal

<10000 p.e., Yes

saline intrusion,

Primary

Treatment Only,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Chem

ical/Wetland

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only, No

Nutrient

Removal

<10000 p.e., Yes

saline intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated Sludge,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Chemic

al/Wetland

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge, No

Nutrient

Removal

<10000 p.e., Yes

saline intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Chem

ical/Wetland

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other, No

Nutrient

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Che

mical/Wetland

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration, No

Nutrient

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Che

mical/Wetland

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Nitrogen

Removal Only

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

No Nutrient

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Che

mical/Wetland

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

No

Treatment,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

No

Treatment,

No Nutrient

Removal

<10000 p.e., No

saline intrusion,

Primary

Treatment Only,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Chemic

al/Wetland

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only, Nitrogen

Removal Only

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only, No

Nutrient

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Phosphoru

s Removal

Only -

Biological/

Chemical/W

etland

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

12 Total nitrogen (as N) mg/l 34.32 34.32 34.32 34.32 34.32 34.32 34.32 34.32 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 34.32 34.32 34.32 34.32 34.32 34.32 34.32 34.32 14.46 14.28 14.28

13 Total phosphorus (as P) mg/l 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 0.88 0.97 0.97

76 Total organic carbon mg/l 54.60 54.60 54.60 54.60 54.60 54.60 54.60 54.60 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 54.60 54.60 54.60 54.60 54.60 54.60 54.60 54.60 9.22 9.22 9.22

79 Chlorides (as total Cl) mg/l 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 75.83 75.83 75.83 75.83 75.83 75.83 75.83 75.83 54.12 54.12 54.12

82 Cyanides (as total CN) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

83 Fluorides (as total F) mg/l 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.24 0.24 0.24

17 Arsenic and compounds (as As) mg/l 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00

18 Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

19 Chromium and compounds (as Cr) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

20 Copper and compounds (as Cu) mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00

21 Mercury and compounds (as Hg) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

22 Nickel and compounds (as Ni) mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00

23 Lead and compounds (as Pb) mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00

24 Zinc and compounds (as Zn) mg/l 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.05

31 Chloroalkanes (C10-C13) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

25 Alachlor mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

26 Aldrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

36 Dieldrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

39 Endrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

41 Heptachlor mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

28 Chlordane mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

29 Chlordecone mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

46 Mirex mg/l 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

38 Endosulphan mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

45 Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

89 Isodrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

33 DDT - sum of all isomers mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

77 Trifluralin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

42 Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

43 Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

30 Chlorfenvinphos mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

32 Chlorpyrifos mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

27 Atrazine mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

51 Simazine mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

37 Diuron mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

67 Isoproturon mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

75 Triphenyltin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

69 Organotin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

74 Tributyltin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

72 PAH, Total mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

91 Benzo[ghi]perylene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

61 Anthracene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

68 Naphthalene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

88 Flouranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

50 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

40 Halogenated organic compounds (as AOX) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

52 Tetrachloroethylene (PER) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

53 Tetrachloromethane (TCM) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

57 Trichloroethylene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

60 Vinyl chloride mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

34 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

35 Dichloromethane (DCM) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

71 Phenols (as total C) mg/l 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00

87 Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

64 Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

54 Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

49 Pentachlorophenol (PCP) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

48 Pentachlorobenzene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

62 Benzene as BTEX mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

73 Toluene as BTEX mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00

78 Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

65 Ethyl benzene (BTEX) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

70 Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00

59 Toxaphene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

90 Hexabromobiphenyl mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

63 Brominated diphenylethers (PBDE) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3) mg/l 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 183.00 183.00 183.00 183.00 183.00 183.00 183.00 183.00 201.75 201.75 201.75

N/A Selenium mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Antimony mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Molybdenum mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Tin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Barium mg/l 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01

N/A Boron mg/l 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06

N/A Cobalt mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Vanadium mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Dichlobenil mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Linuron mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Mecoprop mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A 2,4-D mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A MCPA mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Glyphosate mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Benzo[a]pyrene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Benzo[b]fluoranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Benzo[k]fluoranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Carbon tetrachloride mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Dicofol (not tested in this current study) mg/l - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

N/A Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A PFOS mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00


EMISSION CONCENTRATIONS GENERATED FROM THE EFFLUENT CHARACTERISATION STUDY FOR USE IN THE UWW PRTR Estimation Toolset V5.0

Treated Emissions Data

Environmental Protection Agency VERSION 5.0 July 2012


Treated Emissions Data

Annex II

NumberDeterminands

Units

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge, No

Nutrient

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/Ch

emical/Wetla

nd

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphorou

s and

Nitrogen

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other, No

Nutrient

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/Ch

emical/Wetla

nd

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration, No

Nutrient

Removal

<10000

p.e., No

saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatmen

t -

Disinfecti

on,

Phosphor

us

Removal

Only -

Biological

/Chemical

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

<10000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

No Nutrient

Removal

10000 - 50000

p.e., No saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Che

mical/Wetland

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

No

Treatment,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

10000 - 50000

p.e., No

saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

No

Treatment,

No Nutrient

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/C

hemical/Wetl

and

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

10000 - 50000

p.e., No saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only, No

Nutrient

Removal

10000 - 50000

p.e., No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated Sludge,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Chemi

cal/Wetland

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Phosphoro

us and

Nitrogen

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge, No

Nutrient

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/C

hemical/Wet

land

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphoro

us and

Nitrogen

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other, No

Nutrient

Removal

10000 - 50000

p.e., No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Che

mical/Wetland

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

10000 - 50000

p.e., No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

10000 - 50000

p.e., No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration, No

Nutrient

Removal

10000 - 50000

p.e., No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Chem

ical/Wetland

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/Ch

emical/Wetla

nd

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

No

Treatment,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

10000 - 50000

p.e., Yes saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

No

Treatment,

No Nutrient

Removal

12 Total nitrogen (as N) mg/l 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 44.87 44.87 44.87 44.87 44.87 44.87 44.87 44.87 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 44.87 44.87 44.87 44.87

13 Total phosphorus (as P) mg/l 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10

76 Total organic carbon mg/l 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 40.57 40.57 40.57 40.57 40.57 40.57 40.57 40.57 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 40.57 40.57 40.57 40.57

79 Chlorides (as total Cl) mg/l 54.12 54.12 54.12 54.12 54.12 54.12 54.12 54.12 54.12 54.12 54.12 54.12 54.12 94.86 94.86 94.86 94.86 94.86 94.86 94.86 94.86 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92

82 Cyanides (as total CN) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

83 Fluorides (as total F) mg/l 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30

17 Arsenic and compounds (as As) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60

18 Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

19 Chromium and compounds (as Cr) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

20 Copper and compounds (as Cu) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03

21 Mercury and compounds (as Hg) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

22 Nickel and compounds (as Ni) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

23 Lead and compounds (as Pb) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

24 Zinc and compounds (as Zn) mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05

31 Chloroalkanes (C10-C13) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

25 Alachlor mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

26 Aldrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

36 Dieldrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

39 Endrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

41 Heptachlor mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

28 Chlordane mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

29 Chlordecone mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

46 Mirex mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

38 Endosulphan mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

45 Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

89 Isodrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

33 DDT - sum of all isomers mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

77 Trifluralin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

42 Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

43 Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

30 Chlorfenvinphos mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

32 Chlorpyrifos mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

27 Atrazine mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

51 Simazine mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

37 Diuron mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

67 Isoproturon mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

75 Triphenyltin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

69 Organotin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

74 Tributyltin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

72 PAH, Total mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

91 Benzo[ghi]perylene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

61 Anthracene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

68 Naphthalene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

88 Flouranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

50 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

40 Halogenated organic compounds (as AOX) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

52 Tetrachloroethylene (PER) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

53 Tetrachloromethane (TCM) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

57 Trichloroethylene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

60 Vinyl chloride mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

34 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

35 Dichloromethane (DCM) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

71 Phenols (as total C) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

87 Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

64 Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

54 Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

49 Pentachlorophenol (PCP) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

48 Pentachlorobenzene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

62 Benzene as BTEX mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

73 Toluene as BTEX mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

78 Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

65 Ethyl benzene (BTEX) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

70 Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

59 Toxaphene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

90 Hexabromobiphenyl mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

63 Brominated diphenylethers (PBDE) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3) mg/l 201.75 201.75 201.75 201.75 201.75 201.75 201.75 201.75 201.75 201.75 201.75 201.75 201.75 269.25 269.25 269.25 269.25 269.25 269.25 269.25 269.25 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42

N/A Selenium mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Antimony mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Molybdenum mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Tin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Barium mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04

N/A Boron mg/l 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32

N/A Cobalt mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Vanadium mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Dichlobenil mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Linuron mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Mecoprop mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A 2,4-D mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A MCPA mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Glyphosate mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Benzo[a]pyrene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Benzo[b]fluoranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Benzo[k]fluoranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Carbon tetrachloride mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Dicofol (not tested in this current study) mg/l - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

N/A Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A PFOS mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00


Treated Emissions Data Treated Emissions Data

Annex II

NumberDeterminands

Units

10000 - 50000

p.e., Yes saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment Only,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Chem

ical/Wetland

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Phosphoro

us and

Nitrogen

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only, No

Nutrient

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/C

hemical/Wetl

and

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Phosphorou

s and

Nitrogen

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge, No

Nutrient

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/C

hemical/Wet

land

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphoro

us and

Nitrogen

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other, No

Nutrient

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphoru

s Removal

Only -

Biological/

Chemical/

Wetland

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphorou

s and

Nitrogen

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

No Nutrient

Removal

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfectio

n,

Phosphoru

s Removal

Only -

Biological/

Chemical/

Wetland

10000 - 50000

p.e., Yes

saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Nitrogen

Removal Only

10000 -

50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection

,

Phosphorou

s and

Nitrogen

Removal

10000 - 50000

p.e., Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection, No

Nutrient

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/C

hemical/Wetl

and

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

>50000

p.e., Yes

saline

intrusion,

No

Treatment,

No Nutrient

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/C

hemical/Wetl

and

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Nitrogen

Removal Only

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment Only,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only, No

Nutrient

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Phosphorus

Removal Only

-

Biological/Ch

emical/Wetla

nd

>50000

p.e., Yes

saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Phosphorou

s and

Nitrogen

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge, No

Nutrient

Removal

>50000

p.e., Yes

saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphoru

s Removal

Only -

Biological/

Chemical/

Wetland

>50000

p.e., Yes

saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other, No

Nutrient

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphorou

s and

Nitrogen

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration, No

Nutrient

Removal

12 Total nitrogen (as N) mg/l 44.87 44.87 44.87 44.87 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.28 14.28 14.69

13 Total phosphorus (as P) mg/l 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 4.11 4.11 4.11 4.11 4.11 4.11 4.11 4.11 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.97 0.97 2.26

76 Total organic carbon mg/l 40.57 40.57 40.57 40.57 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 42.97 42.97 42.97 42.97 42.97 42.97 42.97 42.97 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22

79 Chlorides (as total Cl) mg/l 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92 919.92 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00

82 Cyanides (as total CN) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

83 Fluorides (as total F) mg/l 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55

17 Arsenic and compounds (as As) mg/l 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

18 Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

19 Chromium and compounds (as Cr) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

20 Copper and compounds (as Cu) mg/l 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

21 Mercury and compounds (as Hg) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

22 Nickel and compounds (as Ni) mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

23 Lead and compounds (as Pb) mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

24 Zinc and compounds (as Zn) mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05

31 Chloroalkanes (C10-C13) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

25 Alachlor mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

26 Aldrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

36 Dieldrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

39 Endrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

41 Heptachlor mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

28 Chlordane mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

29 Chlordecone mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

46 Mirex mg/l 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

38 Endosulphan mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

45 Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

89 Isodrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

33 DDT - sum of all isomers mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

77 Trifluralin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

42 Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

43 Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

30 Chlorfenvinphos mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

32 Chlorpyrifos mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

27 Atrazine mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

51 Simazine mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

37 Diuron mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

67 Isoproturon mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

75 Triphenyltin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

69 Organotin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

74 Tributyltin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

72 PAH, Total mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

91 Benzo[ghi]perylene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

61 Anthracene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

68 Naphthalene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

88 Flouranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

50 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

40 Halogenated organic compounds (as AOX) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

52 Tetrachloroethylene (PER) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

53 Tetrachloromethane (TCM) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

57 Trichloroethylene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

60 Vinyl chloride mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

34 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

35 Dichloromethane (DCM) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

71 Phenols (as total C) mg/l 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

87 Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

64 Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

54 Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

49 Pentachlorophenol (PCP) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

48 Pentachlorobenzene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

62 Benzene as BTEX mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

73 Toluene as BTEX mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

78 Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

65 Ethyl benzene (BTEX) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

70 Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

59 Toxaphene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

90 Hexabromobiphenyl mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

63 Brominated diphenylethers (PBDE) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3) mg/l 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42 444.42 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81

N/A Selenium mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Antimony mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Molybdenum mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Tin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Barium mg/l 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

N/A Boron mg/l 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29

N/A Cobalt mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Vanadium mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Dichlobenil mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Linuron mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Mecoprop mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A 2,4-D mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A MCPA mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Glyphosate mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Benzo[a]pyrene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Benzo[b]fluoranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Benzo[k]fluoranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Carbon tetrachloride mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A Dicofol mg/l - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

N/A Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

N/A PFOS mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00



Treated Emissions Data Fugitive Emissions Data

Annex II

NumberDeterminands

Units

>50000 p.e., Yes

saline intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Chemic

al/Wetland

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Che

mical/Wetland

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

Yes saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

No Nutrient

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/Ch

emical/Wetla

nd

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Nitrogen

Removal Only

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion, No

Treatment,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

No

Treatment,

No Nutrient

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Phosphorus

Removal Only -

Biological/Che

mical/Wetland

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Nitrogen

Removal Only

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only,

Phosphorou

s and

Nitrogen

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Primary

Treatment

Only, No

Nutrient

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Phosphorus

Removal Only

-

Biological/Ch

emical/Wetlan

d

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge,

Phosphorou

s and

Nitrogen

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Activated

Sludge, No

Nutrient

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/Ch

emical/Wetla

nd

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Secondary

Treatment -

Other, No

Nutrient

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/C

hemical/Wet

land

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Nitrogen

Removal

Only

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

Phosphorou

s and

Nitrogen

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Filtration,

No Nutrient

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Phosphorus

Removal

Only -

Biological/Ch

emical/Wetla

nd

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Nitrogen

Removal Only

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

Phosphorous

and Nitrogen

Removal

>50000 p.e.,

No saline

intrusion,

Tertiary

Treatment -

Disinfection,

No Nutrient

Removal

Inland Coastal Units Parameter

12 Total nitrogen (as N) mg/l 14.46 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 14.46 14.28 14.28 14.69 23.48 23.48 mg/l Total nitrogen (as N)

13 Total phosphorus (as P) mg/l 0.88 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 4.11 4.11 4.11 4.11 4.11 4.11 4.11 4.11 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 0.88 0.97 0.97 2.26 4.30 4.30 mg/l Total phosphorus (as P)76 Total organic carbon mg/l 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 42.97 42.97 42.97 42.97 42.97 42.97 42.97 42.97 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 13.10 13.10 mg/l Total organic carbon79 Chlorides (as total Cl) mg/l 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 878.00 94.86 94.86 94.86 94.86 94.86 94.86 94.86 94.86 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 84.89 64.80 1014.67 mg/l Chlorides (as total Cl)82 Cyanides (as total CN) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Cyanides (as total CN)83 Fluorides (as total F) mg/l 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.22 0.33 mg/l Fluorides (as total F)17 Arsenic and compounds (as As) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Arsenic and compounds (as As)18 Cadmium and compounds (as Cd) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Cadmium and compounds (as Cd)19 Chromium and compounds (as Cr) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Chromium and compounds (as Cr)20 Copper and compounds (as Cu) mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 mg/l Copper and compounds (as Cu)21 Mercury and compounds (as Hg) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Mercury and compounds (as Hg)22 Nickel and compounds (as Ni) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Nickel and compounds (as Ni)23 Lead and compounds (as Pb) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 mg/l Lead and compounds (as Pb)24 Zinc and compounds (as Zn) mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.12 0.12 mg/l Zinc and compounds (as Zn)31 Chloroalkanes (C10-C13) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Chloroalkanes (C10-C13)25 Alachlor mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Alachlor26 Aldrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Aldrin36 Dieldrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Dieldrin39 Endrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Endrin41 Heptachlor mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Heptachlor28 Chlordane mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Chlordane29 Chlordecone mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Chlordecone46 Mirex mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Mirex38 Endosulphan mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Endosulphan45 Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Lindane (1,2,3,4,5, 6 -hexachlorocyclohexane)89 Isodrin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Isodrin33 DDT - sum of all isomers mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l DDT - sum of all isomers77 Trifluralin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Trifluralin42 Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)43 Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD)30 Chlorfenvinphos mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Chlorfenvinphos32 Chlorpyrifos mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Chlorpyrifos27 Atrazine mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Atrazine51 Simazine mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Simazine37 Diuron mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Diuron67 Isoproturon mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Isoproturon75 Triphenyltin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Triphenyltin69 Organotin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Organotin74 Tributyltin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Tributyltin72 PAH, Total mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l PAH, Total91 Benzo[ghi]perylene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Benzo[ghi]perylene61 Anthracene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Anthracene68 Naphthalene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Naphthalene88 Flouranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Flouranthene50 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - sum of 11 congenors40 Halogenated organic compounds (as AOX) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Halogenated organic compounds (as AOX)52 Tetrachloroethylene (PER) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Tetrachloroethylene (PER)53 Tetrachloromethane (TCM) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Tetrachloromethane (TCM)57 Trichloroethylene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Trichloroethylene60 Vinyl chloride mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Vinyl chloride34 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC)35 Dichloromethane (DCM) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Dichloromethane (DCM)71 Phenols (as total C) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.08 mg/l Phenols (as total C)87 Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Octylphenols and Octylphenol Ethoxylates64 Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP/NPEs)54 Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) (all isomers)49 Pentachlorophenol (PCP) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Pentachlorophenol (PCP)48 Pentachlorobenzene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Pentachlorobenzene62 Benzene as BTEX mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Benzene as BTEX73 Toluene as BTEX mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 mg/l Toluene as BTEX78 Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Xylenes (total mass of ortho, para and meta-xylene)BTEX65 Ethyl benzene (BTEX) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Ethyl benzene (BTEX)70 Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate59 Toxaphene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Toxaphene90 Hexabromobiphenyl mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Hexabromobiphenyl63 Brominated diphenylethers (PBDE) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Brominated diphenylethers (PBDE)

N/A Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3) mg/l 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 428.81 269.25 269.25 269.25 269.25 269.25 269.25 269.25 269.25 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 214.91 291.00 483.67 mg/l Total Hardness (mg/l CaCO3)N/A Selenium mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l SeleniumN/A Antimony mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l AntimonyN/A Molybdenum mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l MolybdenumN/A Tin mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l TinN/A Barium mg/l 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 mg/l BariumN/A Boron mg/l 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.33 BoronN/A Cobalt mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l CobaltN/A Vanadium mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 mg/l VanadiumN/A Dichlobenil mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l DichlorobenilN/A Linuron mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l LinuronN/A Mecoprop mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l MecopropN/A 2,4-D mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l 2,4-DN/A MCPA mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l MCPAN/A Glyphosate mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l GlyphosateN/A Benzo[a]pyrene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Benzo[a]pyreneN/A Benzo[b]fluoranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Benzo[b]fluorantheneN/A Benzo[k]fluoranthene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Benzo[k]fluorantheneN/A Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyreneN/A Carbon tetrachloride mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Carbon tetrachlorideN/A 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l 2,6-DichlorobenzamideN/A Dicofol mg/l - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - mg/l Dicofol

N/A Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD)

N/A PFOS mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 mg/l PFOS


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Effluent Characterisation Study · Effluent Characterisation Study 289584/IWE/R/04/A 05 September 2012 20120905 - 289584 - Part A Final Report.doc The authors of this report wish