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표 2012. 12.7
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영어 학습자들의 효과적인 온라인 코퍼스 활용 지도
Effective online corpus training for language learners
전수인아주대학교
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Needs for concordancing training
- Promoting the use of corpus in language learning - Online corpora as language learning tools - The effective hands-on concordancing for inductive language learning (Boulton, 2009a, 2009b; Cobb, 1997; Cresswell, 2007; Johns & King, 1991) - Difficulty of corpus use by language learners (Bernardini, 2002; Boulton, 2009a, 2009b; Chambers, 2007; Farr, 2008)
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 2
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Needs for concordancing training
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 3
Suggesting sufficient training for utilizing tools as a pre-condition for successful use of learners, hands-on concordancing(Boulton, 2009a; Cheng, Warren & Xun-feng, 2003; Miceli & Kennedy, 2002)
Purpose for this research
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 4
- Proposing effective methods of concordance training for university students
- Providing concordance materials and tools for corpus learners and instruction guidelines for corpus trainers.
Effective online corpus training for language learners
• Backgrounds of training methods
- Different types of concordance activities (Aston, 2002, p.10) 1) Form-focused activity: Data-Driven Learning 2) Meaning-focused activity: Data-driven cultural learning 3) Skill-focused activity: a bottom-up variety for reading skills and reading strategies 4) Reference activity: reading, writing, and translation 5) Browsing activity: explorations of the corpus
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 5
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Backgrounds of training methods
- Different approaches of concordance activities 1) Form-focused & Meaning-focused corpus search (Gardner & Davies, 2007) 2) Inductive & Deductive concordance activities (Cresswell, 2007; Johns & King, 1991; Kim & Chun, 2008)
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 6
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Concordance workshop
1. Participants - 27 undergraduate students enrolled in English Education department - No experience in corpus use
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 7
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Concordance workshop
2. Materials 1) Online corpora
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 8
Online corpus Number of selection of corpus
Size of corpus (number of token)
Genre/mode of corpus Subscription
Corpus Concordance English 23 From 3,000 to 3
millions Diverse/Written Free
VLC Web Concordancer 22 From 99,000 to 1.4
millions Diverse/Written Free
BYU-BNC 1 100 millions Diverse/ Spoken & written Free
JustTheWord 1 80 millions Diverse/Spoken & written Free
MICASE 1 1.8 millions Diverse/Spoken Free
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Concordance workshop
2. Materials 2) Concordance game (deductive activity): Diverse exercises in 8 stages, practicing how to use wildcard (asterisk mark*)and POS (part of speech) in a concordancer/ corpus
3) 3 tasks (Inductive activity) undertaking independent corpus investigation
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 9
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Concordance workshop
3. Procedures - Six class hours for two weeks, as a part of a required course - Two stages: Tool training & Applications of the tools
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 10
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Concordance workshop
3. Procedures
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 11
Procedures Contents Techniques
Week 1(2 Lessons, 3 class hours)
Tool training Corpora & Online concordancers
Exercises for technical functions (individual practice)
Week 2(2 Lessons,3 class hours)
Application of concordancing
Hands-onConcordancing
Concordance exercises/games(individual/group work)
Deductive activities
Week 3 - Week 8 (each task in two weeks)
Student independent concordance investigation
Concordance tasks semi-controlled & free searches
Inductive activities
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Evaluation
1. Survey
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 12
Survey questions N Min Max M SD
Q.1 The concordancers/ online corpora were easy to use. 27 3 5 3.78 .698
Q.2 The concordance tasks were easy to undertake. 27 2 4 3.00 .679
Q.3 I used online corpora a lot when doing vocabulary assignments in this course.
27 2 5 4.37 .742
Q.4 Concordance/ concordancing were helpful for my vocabulary learning. 27 1 5 3.78 1.013
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Evaluation
2. Focus group interviews - Three groups of seven to ten - Interviewing each group for 40 minutes - Semi-structured, concentrating on the issues: a. Usefulness of online concordance tools b. Difficulties encountered in use of the tools c. Usages of the tools
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 13
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Evaluation
2. Focus group interviews
- 17 students: all students in Group 1; half in Group 2; 2 in Group 3, had positive attitudes toward use of tools. - 5 in Group 3 missed the part of training, failed to complete the concordance tasks.
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 14
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Conclusions
- Sufficient practice for beginner users to learn functions of online corpora - Effective ways to help them to understand how to use corpus for their language learning
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 15
Importance of intensive, effective training
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Suggestions
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 16
Stages Characteristics Instructional guides
Preliminary stage
Ignorant of concordance and research tools; needtraining to raise awareness regarding the use of concordance in language learning
Provide intensive tool training
Initial stageBeginning to learn concordancing, but not understanding essential concepts of inductivelearning; using other sources instead of corpus; speculating on the conclusions
Guide using controlled activities;give feedback to keep them on track
Developmental stage
Skillful but no undertaking in-depth searches onthe target words; partial understanding of inductivelearning; weak conclusions; focusing mainly on syntactic features and partly on meanings
Give feedback to keep them on track
Expert stage
Skillful, and undertaking in-depth research on targetwords; good understanding regarding the essential concepts of inductive learning; making evidence-proved, insightful conclusions by both syntactic and semantic analysis on target words
Expand receptive vocabulary knowledge to productive vocabulary
Effective online corpus training for language learners
Q & A
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 17
“Chun, Sooin. (2012). Effective Concordance Workshop for Corpus Learners. Modern English Education, 13(4), 67-88.”
Thank you
Sooin Chun, Dec. 7, 2012 18