Upload
amie-richardson
View
215
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
EFFECT OF ALOE GEL IN ENHANCING DIABETIC WOUND HEALING
Djanggan Sargowo, Yudha Handaya,
Askandar Tjokroprawiro
Brawijaya Medical School
Malang11
BACKGROUNDS
22
33
Grade 0 pre-ulcerative lesion, healed ulcers, presence of bony deformity
Grade 1 superficial ulcer without subcutaneous tissue involvement
Grade 2 penetration through the subcutaneous tissue (may expose bone, tendon, ligament or joint capsule)
Grade 3 osteitis, abscess, or osteomyelitis
Grade 4 gangrene on the forefootGrade 5 gangrene on the entire foot
Grade 0 pre-ulcerative lesion, healed ulcers, presence of bony deformity
Grade 1 superficial ulcer without subcutaneous tissue involvement
Grade 2 penetration through the subcutaneous tissue (may expose bone, tendon, ligament or joint capsule)
Grade 3 osteitis, abscess, or osteomyelitis
Grade 4 gangrene on the forefootGrade 5 gangrene on the entire foot
WAGNER CLASSIFICATION
44 WOUND HEALING DISORDERS
DMHyperglycemia↑ ROS ↑ apoptosis angiogenesis dysfunction (#tube formation)
↓ WH ↑ diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) progression amputation
(David et al 2002, Hesham et al 2006 ,Beem 2007, Tjokropawiro 2010)
DM↓ VEGF ↓ Ca cytosolic activity + ↓eNOS ↓Homing EPC ↓ Angiogensis # WH ulkus DM
(Costanza et al 2002, Pradhan et al 2007,Singhan et al 2007)
DFU proper management Herbal therapy enhance angiogenesis (Larijani et al 2008)
55
HIPERGLIKEMIA (DM)
b↑AGE>1 week ↑HEKSOSAMINE PATWAY (H) ↑AR ↑PKC↑ROS
↑TNF↑NFκB↓NO ↑NFκB, ↓eNO, ↑TGFβ
↑NAD(P)H OXIDASE↑ET-1, ↑PAI-1, ↑VEGF
↑TGFβ,↑MMPs↓CELL PROLIFERATION
↑SORBITOL↓GSH↑TNFα
↑OH+↑TNFα
GFATP A H A
STRESS OXIDATIVE STRESS OXIDATIVE INSULIN SENSITIVITY -CELL FUNCTIONΒ
“PAHAM”:PKC,AGE,HEKSOSAMINE,AR,MITOCONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION
MIKROANGIOPATI & MAKROANGIOPATI
TRAUMA VASCULOPATHYNEUROPATHY
MOTORIC SENSORY AUTONOM MICROPATHY MACROPATHY
WEAKNESSATROPHYDEFORMITY↑PLANTAR PRESSURE CLAVUS
↓PROTECTION↓SENSATION
ANHIDROSISDRY SKINFISSURE↑SYMPATHY PRESSURE
ATEROSCLEROSISISCHEMIA
BM CAPILLARY THICKENNINGA-V SHUNT↑BLOOD FLOWEDEMA NEUROPATHY
OSTEOARTHROPATHY ↓RESPONSE TO INFECTION↓NUTRITION ↓CAPILLARY BLOOD FLOW
HEMOSTASIS 1 HOUR #INFLAMMATION 2-7 DAYS #PROLIFERATIOM 2-20 DAYS #REMODELLING 6WEEK-3 MONTHS
GAMGGUAN PENYEMBUHAN ULKUS KAKI DMAMPUTASI AMPUTASI
#INFLAMMATION↓NEUTROPHIL↓MONOCYTE
ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION# ANGIOGENESIS↓KERATINOCYTES↓PROLIFERATION
↓FIBROBLAST↓GF↓CITOKINES
SCHIFF BASE <1 day
AMADORI 1-7 days
Gambaran Kegagalan Patofisiologi Ulkus diabetes dan Patologi Penyembuhan ulkus diabetes (Robert et al 2006, Gugliucci 2007, Pradhan et al 2007, Tjokroprawiro 2010). 66
HYPERGLYCEMIA
MACRO-MICROANGIOPATHY
# WOUND HEALING
OXIDATIVE STRESS OXIDATIVE STRESS
AMPUTATIONAMPUTATION
77
88
99
1010
1111
ERK-1/2ERK-1/2
ALOE GEL
VEGF
eNOS
EPC CEC
ANGIOGENESIS
DIABETIC WOUND HEALING
Cellular proliferation
CONCEPTUAL THEORY
Aloe gelAloe gel
Dose of Dose of 30,60,12030,60,120(mg/day)(mg/day)
Diabetic wound Diabetic wound healinghealing
wound wound diameterdiameter
Angiogenesis
VEGF, VEGF, eNOS eNOS ,,EPCEPC,,CEC , CEC ,
Rasio EPC/CECRasio EPC/CEC
Expression and Expression and amountamount
Hipotesis
1212
MATERIALS AND METHODSMATERIALS AND METHODS
1313
SCHEME OF STUDY PROTOCOL (ROCKET SYSTEM MODIFICATION, TJOKROPRAWIRO,
1978)
1414
REPORT
WOUND + ALOE GEL 120 MG
WOUND + ALOE GEL 60 MG
ANALISIS
DATA
DAY0 1
4
DM 0
DM120
DM 60
B0RANDOM
STRAIN
WISTAR+ALOE
GEL
VEGF,eNOS, EPC,CEC Ø WOUND
PRA PENELITIAN
A : NORMAL RATSB : UNTREATED RATSC : DIABETIC RATS+TREATMENTD : DIABETIC RATS+TREATMENTE : DIABETIC RATS+TREATMENTPRE-STUDY: 0-14 days bedore treatmentSTUDY : 0-14 hari after treatmentAle gel : glycoprotein and polysacchaarides aloe vera
VEGF :Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
eNOS :endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase
EPC :Endothelial Progenitor CellsCEC :Circulating Endothelial Cells
VEGF : immunohistochemistryeNOS : immunohistochemistryEPC : CD34 (Flowcitometri)CECs : CD45(FITC)+CD146(PE)
(Flowcitometri)Ø wound : wound dimeter
Injection of STZ 60mg/kg (IP)for 14 days (2 weeks)Diabetes if blood glucose level >200mg/dl
NON DM
WOUND
WOUND + ALOE GEL 30 MG
D14
PENELITIAN
14
0
28
0 14
N:15N:15
n:3n:3
n:3n:3
MAIN PARAMETERMAIN PARAMETER
ketamin (10mg/kg/iv)Wound diameter 2,5 cm depth 0,2 cmWash the wound with Nacl 0,9%
n:3n:3
n:3n:3
A0
D0
E0
VEGF,eNOS,EPC,CEC Ø WOUND
HASILHASILDATADATA
DATADATA
DATADATA
DATADATAA14
PRE- STUDY STUDY
DAY
MAKING OF DIABETIC RATS
MAKING OF WOUND
PARAMETER DATA ANALYSIS
C14
E14
SAMPLE POPULATIONp(t-1)(r-1)≥ 15
t=±treatmentr=±repetition
DM 30C0
WOUND B14 DATADATAn:3n:3
Linear Regression
Anova (simple anova)
PRE- STUDY STUDY
DATA
ANALYSIS
RESULTRESULT
STUDY TIMELINE
1515
RESULTS
14th Day, measurement of :•Wound diameter
•Immunohistochemistry of dermal tissue•Blood for Flowcitometry
1616
Measurement of Wound Diameter
Treatment n Mean SD (p ≤ 0,05)
Normal Rats 3 1,100,14 (a
Diabetic Rats 3 1,190,12(a
Diabetic rats + 30 mg aloe gel
3 0,320,01(b
Diabetic rats + 60 mg aloe gel
3 0,270,02(b
Diabetic rats + 120 mg aloe gel
3 0,410,02(b
1717p = 0.000
Normal Rats DM + 120 mgDiabetic rats DM + 30 mg DM + 60 mg
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Expression
treatment n Mean SD (p ≤ 0,05)
Normal Rats 3 24,672,00 (a
Diabetic Rats 3 25,334,51(a
Diabetic rats + 30 mg aloe gel
3 28,335,86(a
Diabetic rats + 30 mg aloe gel
3 34,675,03(a
Diabetic rats + 30 mg aloe gel
3 25,674,73(a
1188
p = 0.676
Normal Rats Diabetic Rats DM+30mg DM+60mg DM+120mg
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Expression
Treatment n Mean SD (p ≤ 0,05)
Normal Rats 3 24,671,73 (b
Diabetic Rats 3 30,672,08(a
Diabetic rats + 30 mg aloe gel
3 30,001,00(a
Diabetic rats + 60 mg aloe gel
3 34,332,08(a
Diabetic rats + 120 mg aloe gel
3 42,001,00(b
1919p = 0.000
Normal RatsDM + 120
mgDiabetic rats DM + 30 mg DM + 60 mg
Amount of Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) CD 34
Treatment n Mean SD (p ≤ 0,05)
Normal Rats 3 16,880,59 (a
Diabetic Rats 3 10,471,14(a
Diabetic rats + 30 mg aloe gel
3 10,649,34(a
Diabetic rats + 60 mg aloe gel
3 12,111,16(a
Diabetic rats + 120 mg aloe gel
3 13,751,63(a
p = 0.457
n kelompok = 3
2200
Normal RatsDM + 120
mgDiabetic rats DM + 30 mg DM + 60 mg
Amount of Circulating Endothelial Cells (CECs) CD 45
2121p = 0.000
Normal Rats DM + 120 mgDiabetic rats DM + 30 mg DM + 60 mg
Treatment n Mean SD (p ≤ 0,05)
Normal Rats 3 3,161,68(bc
Diabetic Rats 3 14,762,28(a
Diabetic rats + 30 mg aloe gel
3 7,361,22(b
Diabetic rats + 60 mg aloe gel
3 4,890,83(bc
Diabetic rats + 120 mg aloe gel
3 2,200,74(c
PATH ANALYSIS
2222
2323
DISCUSSION
Aloe gelAloe gel
DosisDosis(mg/day)(mg/day)
Diabetic Diabetic wound healingwound healing
Wound Wound diameterdiameter
↑ wound contraction
Effect administration of Aloe gel on wound diameter
Effect administration of Aloe gel on wound diameter
2424
• Anti inflammatory• fibroblast
proliferation• collagen dan
glycosaminoglikan synthesis
(Heggers 1993; Jia et al 2008;Kwack et al 2009 ,;Liu et al., 2010; Fernanda et al., 2009;Jettanacheawchankit et al 2009)
Aloe gelAloe gelDosisDosis
(mg/day)(mg/day) Diabetic Diabetic
wound healingwound healing
Wound Wound diameterdiameter
↑ Angiogenesis
Effect administration of Aloe gel on Expression of VEGF and eNOS Dermal Tissue
Effect administration of Aloe gel on Expression of VEGF and eNOS Dermal Tissue
(Heggers 1993; Choi et al 2002; Tanimoto et al 2002;Duda et al 2004; Young et al 2004;Kim et al
2007;Pradhan et al. 2007; Beem et al. 2007; Singhan et al 2007; Chen et al 2007).
2525
VEGF eNOS
EPC mobilization
Aloe gelAloe gel
DosisDosis(mg/day)(mg/day)
Diabetic Diabetic wound healingwound healing
Wound Wound diameterdiameter
↑ Angiogenesis
Effect administration of Aloe gel on amount of EPCs and CECs circulation
Spinetti et al. 2008;Albiero et al., 2011;Oren et al., 2010;McClung et al 2005;Fiorina et al. 2010;Sibal et al 2009;Spinetti et al 2008;Nababan
et al., 2007;Boos et al 2006
2266
migration/Homing EPC
CECs
2727
EPC/CEC RATIO AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF ALOE GELEPC/CEC RATIO AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF ALOE GEL
aloe gel herbal pro-angiogenic keep survival
EPCs during mobilization and homing into
wound increase amount of EPCs to damage
endothelial cells from vascular wall (CECs).
aloe gel herbal pro-angiogenic keep survival
EPCs during mobilization and homing into
wound increase amount of EPCs to damage
endothelial cells from vascular wall (CECs).
Aloe gelAloe gelDose Dose
120(mg)120(mg)
wound healingwound healingwound healingwound healing
wound wound diameter diameter
cmcm22
Angiogenesis
VEGF, VEGF, eNOS eNOS ,,EPCEPC
,,CEC CEC
Exresion (ng/ml) Exresion (ng/ml) and amountand amount
2288
Ratio Ratio EPC/CECEPC/CEC
Ratio Ratio EPC/CECEPC/CEC
• Hipotesis statistically proved (P<0,05)
• Hipotesis statistically proved (P<0,05)
EPC/CEC ratio Novel (new)Base of therapyPrognostic factor
EPC/CEC ratio Novel (new)Base of therapyPrognostic factor
2929
3030
3131
Mekanisme Penyembuhan luka Normal dibanding Diabetes (Beem et al 2007, Tjokropawiro 2011)•
DM WITH 5 DYSFUNCTION : KERATINOCYTE, PLATELET, ENDOTHELIUM, MACROPHAGE, MYOFIBROBLAST
DM WITH 5 DYSFUNCTION : KERATINOCYTE, PLATELET, ENDOTHELIUM, MACROPHAGE, MYOFIBROBLAST
3232
Blood Glukose Should be <
200
Blood Glukose Should be <
200
HEALTHY WOUND DIABETIC WOUNDTHE ROLES OF HSP 70 / HSP 72
on Wound HealingTHE ROLES OF HSP 70 / HSP 72
on Wound Healing
-catenin-catenin
c-mycc-myc
LIMITEDEPC HOMING
IMPROVED BY LOCAL SDF-1
INJECTION
IMPROVED BY LOCAL SDF-1
INJECTION
LIMITED NEOVASCULOGENESIS AND WOUND HEALING
IMPROVED BY HBO THERAPY
IMPROVED BY HBO THERAPY
DecreasedeNOS Activation
VEGF
Conceptual TheoryConceptual Theory
33
Active Compound of Aloe Gel (Hamman, 2008)
34