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E-Max Release TechnologyThe revolution in Controlled Release FertilizersFactbook
Rel
ease
Te
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Usandi re cuptatat adis voluptisatii voluptatur, unebissedit
Controlled Release Fertilizer - The history 4 - What are Controlled Release Fertilizers? 5 -Efficiencyandsustainability 6 -Lowimpactontheenvironment 9 -HowdoCRFcomparewithothersfertilizers 10
E-Max Release Technology - ThenewcoatingofICLSpecialtyFertilizers 11
Portfolio -Agromaster 15-AgrocoteMax 16
Application methods 18
Crop recommendations 21
Proven in the field 22
Infographic 34
Content
4
Controlled Release Fertilizers - The history
A new era in fertilizersICL Specialty Fertilizers introduced the first generation of coated fertilizers in 1967: an NPK granule with an organic resin coating around it, ensuring that only one application of nutrients would be enough for a long period of time.
This was the start of a whole new principle of fertilizer application.
ICL SF – experts in CRF technology since 1967
5
What are Controlled Release Fertilizers?
The term controlled release fertilizer (CRF) is defined by ISO as: “Fertilizer in which nutrient release is controlled, meeting the stated release rate of nutrient and the stated release time at a specified temperature (ISO 8157:2015). These products are formulated to match the specific plant needs thanks to the different nutrient release longevities.
One single and efficient application equals better value for your money
CRF ApplicationOther fertilizers
Supply
Demand
Supply
Demand
Benefits of including controlled release fertilizers on your plant nutrition program
1 Increasing nutrient use efficiency
2 Reduction of nutrient losses to the environment
3 Prevention of nutrient-fixation in the soil
4 Maintaining or increasing crop yield at al lower nutrient application rates
5 Replacing multiple applications of fertilizer, by single base fertilization
6 Friendly environmental
6
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Total Nitrogen leached - %
Conventional E-Max 3-4M 20%
E-Max 3-4M 40%
Efficiencyandsustainability
UreaCO (NH2)2
Urease
VolatilizationLoss NH3
AmmoniaNH3
DenitrificationLoss N2/N2O
AmmoniaNH3
AmmoniumNH4
NitriteNO2
NitrateNO3
ImmobilizationNH4 NO3
Leaching LossUrea
Leaching Loss NO3
CRF reduces Nitrogen losses by leaching, volatilization and denitrification
Leaching test - Pisa, Italy - 2015
Nitrogen leaching from E-Max coated N: up to 55% lowerthanconventional
Conclusion:From the 360 kg N/ha supplied: 127 kg N awas lost in the Conventional treatment 97 kg N with 20% E-Max 57 kg N with 40% E-Max
Less LEACHING using controlled release fertilizers
Nitrogen is commonly ‘washed away’ from the soils in the ureic and nitric forms. Adding fertilizer with a fast N release creates periods with high concentration of this element in the soil. Since plants will not uptake more than what they need, the excess of Nitrogen will be easily lost by leaching. Controlled Release Fertilizers solve this problem by providing a gradual release of Nitrogen, according to the plant’s uptake.
Trial case - E-MaxvsconventionalNitrogenfertilizers–leachingtestTrial was done in 2015 at the University of Pisa (Italy), under the supervision of Prof. Pardossi.
Treatments:• Conventional Nitrogen fertilizer• Nitrogen fertilizer blend with 20% E-Max granules, 3-4 M longevity• Nitrogen fertilizer blend with 40% E-Max granules, 3-4 M longevity
7
UreaCO (NH2)2
Urease
VolatilizationLoss NH3
AmmoniaNH3
DenitrificationLoss N2/N2O
AmmoniaNH3
AmmoniumNH4
NitriteNO2
NitrateNO3
ImmobilizationNH4 NO3
Leaching LossUrea
Leaching Loss NO3
Less VOLATILIZATION using controlled release fertilizers
Volatilization losses of ammonia gasses occur when urea/ammonium fertilizers are super- ficially applied and exposed to the air. The rate of surface volatilization depends on moisture level, temperature and the surface pH of the soil. If the soil surface is moist, the water evaporates into the air taking ammonia with it. Temperatures greater than 10°C and pH greater than 6.5 significantly increase the rate of urea conversion to ammonia gases.
Controlled Release Fertilizers reduce volatili- zation by limiting the amount of Nitrogen exposed to the air thanks to its coating technology.
In a laboratory incubation of 21 days done by the University of Illinois, it was observed that Coated Urea had clearly the lowest amount of NH3 volatilization. By the end of the experiment, Urea with urease inhibitor (NBTP) had 3 times more volatilization and UAN (Urea ammonium nitrate) with both urease and nitrification inhibitors had 2 times more volatilization!
Less DENITRIFICATION using controlled release fertilizers
Denitrification occurs when a soil has not enough oxygen (O2) to supply the needs of the bacteria and micro- organisms in the soil. In this situation, microorganisms strip the oxygen from the nitrate, producing N gas (N2) or nitrous oxide (N2O), which volatilizes from the soil. Conditions that promote denitrification are wet soils, compaction and warm temperatures.
Controlled Release Fertilizers alleviate this problem by:• Gradual N release, which minimize the time this nutrient is in the soil before plant uptake• Decreased soil compaction thanks to a lower need of machinery entering the fields (less applications)
25
20
15
10
5
0N lo
st a
s N
2O (k
g N
/Ha)
Urea Agromaster
These results are the average from a series of trials done between 2012-2015 in Queensland, Australia.The measurements were done in Sugarcane fields with gas collection chambers.
Conclusion:Average 27% reduction in nitrous oxide emissions (average of 4 sites). Up to 40% reduction in high loss scenarios (saving 19.5 kg N/ha).
Trial case -Nitrousoxide(N2O)emissions.-E-MaxvsUrea
Trial case-VolatilizationofdifferentNitrogensource
Urea
UAN
Urea + NBPT
UAN + NBPT
UAN + NBPT + DCD
Coated Urea
60
50
40
30
20
10
00 7 14 21
Days after treatment
Cum
ulat
ive
amm
onia
l los
s (%
of a
pplie
d)
Disclaimer: To monitor nutrient losses all paths have to be considered, otherwise a distorted view can be given
8
“For many years I’ve used conventional fertilizers. They are cheaper but I never get the same results as using Agromaster. It’s the perfect fertilizer for vegetables in open field, in intensive farms where you have to irrigate continuously. The nutrients are not leached out with Agromaster.”
Ovidiu Anca, RomaniaEggplant
WithI know I am in control
9
ICL Specialty Fertilizers & GLOBALG.A.PICL Specialty Fertilizers is an Associate Member of GLOBAL G.A.P., supporting this worldwide organization with its crucial objective: the promotion of safe and sustainable agriculture practices to make this world a better place for our children.
GLOBALG.A.P. is a product of a network of partnerships that extends around the globe. By complying with a single harmonized global standard for safe and sustainable food production, producers can demonstrate their commitment to Good Agricultural Practice.
Environmental PolicyICL Specialty Fertilizers believes in working together for a greener and more sustainable future. We embrace our responsibility to promote a sustainable environment and have established an environmental policy based on three core values.
1 Protecting the environmentICL avoids processes that generate gaseous pollutant emissions and installs closed circuits for waste water recycling.We have also made a commitment to providing all our employees with the required training and tools to operate in an environmentally-responsible manner. It is our duty to protect the environment and we aim to reduce energy and water consumption.
2 Monitoring environmental impactIn our policy, we are committed to assessing the environmental impact of all our processes. We also actively invest in new cleaner and safer technologies to improve production efficiency and reduce energy consumption.
3 Promoting best agronomic practicesICL promotes best agronomic practices in order to ensure the safe and optimum use of fertilizers. We promote tailor-made application methods so that the dose precisely matches the plant’s specific needs. We also advise our customers on the best way to transport, store, and handle our products with consideration for the environment.
LowimpactontheenvironmentCRF minimizes the impact on the environment
CRF reduces ground water contamination with plant nutrients• Less Nitrate leaching• Less urea leaching
CRF reduces greenhouse gas emission• Less N2O emissions (N2O impact is almost 300 times that of CO2)• Less Ammonia volatilization
ICL is a member of the Responsible Care® Program that is dedicated to achieving improvements in environmental global health, safety, and environmental performance. ICL is a signatory to the principles of the Responsible Care Global Charter of the International Council of Chemical Associations.
Biodegradability of ICL Specialty Fertilizers coating technology
Controlled release fertilizers have a thin coating layer which is partially based on modified vegetable oils.Since the triglyceride ester bonds in vegetable oils can be hydrolyzed, these coatings will degrade in time and incorporate into the soils.The fragments of degraded coating material are inert, therefore they wont react with soil components.
More importantly, CRF coatings are thoroughly tested for phytotoxicity and toxicity. This is done in line with the general safety requirements stated by European law (Regulation (EC) No 2003/2003)
10
Inhibitors are added to nitrogen fertilizers to slow N conversion from urea to ammonia or ammonium to nitrate.
Urease Inhibitor - a substance which slows the conversion of urea to ammonia for a period of one to two weeks.
Nitrification Inhibitor (DCD, DMPP) - a substance that slows the conversion of ammoniacal Nitrogen to nitrate Nitrogen.
Chemical inhibitors offer weak performance in warm temperatures!This study found that even at 20°C the effective life of DMPP and DCD was a maximum 25 days, which was far shorter than the commonly claimed 1.5 months.
Howdocontrolledreleasefertilizerscomparetochemicalinhibitors?
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
DCD
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
DMPP
10 C°
20 C°
30 C°
10 C°
20 C°
30 C°
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
How is CRF different to chemical inhibitors?CRF releases nutrients in a slow but controlled rate to synchronise nutrient delivery to crop demand. Inhibitors do not slow nutrient delivery; they suppress microbial activity to delay conversion to N forms that are more susceptible to loss. The useful life of inhibitors is strongly affected by soil temperature, organic matter content and soil pH.
Factors controlling nutrient release on soils withsufficientmoisture(Fieldcapacity)
Inhibitor CRF
Temperature
Temperature
Soilorganicmatter
Irrigationintensity
SoilpH
Microbialactivity
Controlled Release Fertilizers are considered to have the highest nutrient use efficiency as compared to other type of fertilizers.
Type of productControlled Release Fertilizers
Chemical Inhibitor Fertilizers
Granular Conventional Fertilizers
Water Soluble Fertilizers
Typical nutrient use efficiency (%) 80-90 50-70 20-40 60-80
Source: Ammonium oxidation kinetics in the presence of nitrification inhibitors DCD and DMPP at various temperatures by Irogoyen et.al. (Spain)
What is the performance of chemical inhibitors in different temperature conditions?
E-Max Release Technology newsolutionforamodernagriculture
2006 - Start development
Developed product with licensed chemistrySeveralvariationsandseveralsubstrates
Extensive field trials (2007-present)• Pre-release trials•CommercialtrialsofE-Max
Developed own Improved Process E-maxitisaEverris/ICLpatentedtechnology
Pilot plant for E-Max process Location:Heerlen,NL.OperationalsinceJune2012
Production facility Location:Summerville,USA.OperationalsinceDecember2012
New Production facility!Location:Heerlen,NL.Operationalsince2016
11
Factory in Heerlen
12
Unique characteristics of E-Max Release Technology
Under the influence of the soil temperature, moisture penetrates the semi permeable E-Max coating and dissolves the nutrient core.
The moisture uptake and dissolution of the nutrient core results in build-up of osmotic pressure inside the E-Max coated granule.
The osmotic pressure causes the nutrient solution to release through microscopic pores in the E-Max coating.
The osmotic pressure causes the nutrient solution to release through microscopic pores in the E-Max coating. The nutrients are fully released and the E-Max coating disintegrates into the soil.
E-Max release technology is a polymer coating which improves nutrient use efficiency. The release of nutrients is based upon moisture and temperature, offering predictable longevities.E-Max coating
Nutrient Core
E-MaxReleaseTechnology
RELATIVELY HIGH NUTRIENT CONTENTThin coating layer allow nutrient content
similar to raw materials.
- Uncoated Urea - 46%N
- Coated Urea Agrocote Max
2-3 M longevity - 44%N
ABILITY TO COAT DIFFERENT FERTILIZERS- Hygroscopic
- Irregular
HIGH HANDLING RESISTANCE- Quality not affected by transport /
handling etc.
- Even at low coating weights
- Enables blending at different facilities
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ease
Te
chn
olog
y
Cross section - Electronic Microscopy
Coating layer
Urea
The new coating technology of ICL Specialty Fertilizers
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 50 100 150 200
Time (days)
% R
elea
se
1-2M 2-3M 3-4M 4-5M 5-6M
13
Different longevity and release profiles possible with E-Max Release Technology
Based on changing the coating layer thickness we can produce E-Max granules with longevities up to 5-6 months, making it possible to supply N to different crops with just one base application.
Temperature Behavior
Typical longevity appearing on the bags is for an scenario with soil temperatures of 21°C. This longevities will change with different temperatures, becoming shorter at higher temperatures and longer at lower temperatures. It is important to take this into consideration when choosing the right product for each situation.
TYPICAL LONGEVITY
SOIL TEMPERATURE
16ºC 21ºC 26ºC
2-3M 1-2M 0.5-1.5M
3.5-4.5M 2-3M 1-2M
5-6M 3-4M 2-3M
8-9M 5-6M 3-4M
Why use E-Max Release Technology
1 The newest ICL’s invention reacted polymer coating a single element (N)
2 Strong durable coating
3 Predictable longevities at different temperatures
4 Release mechanism based on moisture & temperatures
5 Competitive price
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 50 100 150 200
Time (days)
% R
elea
se
1-2M 2-3M 3-4M 4-5M 5-6M
Values from water leach - release test at 21 ºC
14
“Since I use Agromaster I have improved the quantity and quality of my harvest. I’m really pleased with my Agromaster fertilizer.”
Maurizio Tiozzo, ItalyCarrot
WithI know I am in control
15
What is Agromaster?
Agromaster is a product combining the advanced E-Max coating technology with specially selected NPK granules.
E-Max Release Technology Longevity: 1-2M up to 5-6M
Superior in performance but simple to use
Why use Agromaster
1 Higher or equal yield with less mineral input due to continual release of nutrients
2 Easier to use, less work and less soil compaction due to fewer field applications
3 Better for the environment due to reduced leaching
4 Enhanced crop uniformity thanks to controlled nutrition
5 Fast initial nutrient release, ideal for fast growing crops
Item no. NPK Analysis % Coated N Longevity
5072 12-5-19+4MgO 32 2-3M
5073 19-5-20+4MgO 34 2-3M
5074 12-26-9+3MgO 34 2-3M
5075 16-10-16+2MgO 32 2-3M
5076 25-5-10+2MgO 32 2-3M
5089 10-5-23+5MgO 61 2-3M
5111 15-7-15+3MgO 30 2-3M
5113 15-5-20+3MgO 30 2-3M
5114 11-11-21+3MgO 41 2-3M
5083 30-8-12 71 3-4M
5084 34-9-6 70 4-5M
4286 17-0-8+3CaO+3MgO 81 4-5M
5017 22-10-10+4MgO 82 5-6M
5018 16-8-16+5MgO 79 5-6M
The Agromaster range
The products presented are only part of a large portfolio. For more formulations please ask your ICL Specialty Fertilizers area representative or visit our website www.icl-sf.com
Portfolio
16
Why use Agrocote
1 Highly durable coating that provides consistent gradual nutrient release
2 Delivers the core nutrients over a period of one to seven months and can therefore be applied on crops with short and medium growing periods
3 The durable coating ensures less breakage and therefore longer residual feeding
4 Better for the environment due to reduce leaching
Item no. NPK Analysis % Coated N Longevity
7000 44-0-0 100 1-2M
7001 44-0-0 100 2-3M
7002 43-0-0 100 3-4M
7003 43-0-0 100 4-5M
7004 42-0-0 100 5-6M
The Agrocote range
What is Agrocote Max?
Agrocote Max is a single nutrient, 100% coated product.
E-Max Release TechnologyLongevity: 1-2M up to 5-6 M
The products presented are only part of a large portfolio. For more formulations please ask your closest representative of ICL Specialty Fertilizers or visit www.icl-sf.com
The pure technology product
Portfolio
17
“The final weight and the quality I get with
Agromaster is superior to any other fertilizer.
I use Agromaster on all my crops because after
several years of trying different fertilizers I have
found that Agromaster is the one for me.”
Don Jesús Bermejo, Spain
Leek
WithI know I am in control
17
18
Bed application Row application
Broadcast application
Application Methods -howtoapplytheproduct?
19
Spreading test -SpreadingAgrocoteMax
The trial carried out in The Netherlands, in collaboration with R&D Strooier Afstel & Advies, confirmed a good overlapped spread pattern of Agrocote Max 44-0-0, 2-3M (100% coated N) at 36-metre, with a variation coefficient of 8.1 and a good spreadability up to 40 m.
Spreading test -SpreadingAgromaster
The trial carried out in The Netherlands, in collaboration with R&D Strooier Afstel & Advies, confirmed an excellent overlapped spread pattern of Agromaster 10-5-23+5MgO, 2-3M, an uniform blend of coated Nitrogen (61%) and a compound fertilizer, with a variation coefficient of 6.1 and a good spreadability up to 40 m.
20
“Now I use Agromaster for most of my crops and I am fully convinced of the added value. There is no way I will stop using Agromaster in the future.”
Corne Schouten, The NetherlandsPotato
WithI know I am in control
21
250-400kg/ha
250-400kg/ha
150-200kg/ha
300-500kg/ha
100-150kg/ha
100-250kg/ha
150-200kg/ha
250-400kg/ha
CroprecommendationsAlliumsOnion|Garlic|Leek
BrassicasCabbage|Cauliflower|Brocolli
FabaceaesPeas|Beans
SolanaceaesPotato|Tomato|Pepper
Salads
Arable cropsCereals|Maize|Oilcrops
OrchardsApple|Pear
UmbeliferaeasCarrots|Parsley
The recommendations are general and should be personalized with specific formulation contai-ning E-Max technology, according to the soil analysis and your local growing conditions! For tailor made crop recommendations please contact your dealer or ICL Specialty Fertilizers team!
22
This is a selection from a large data base of trials. Fore more details please contact your local ICL SF sales representative!
Crop trials:•Freshmarketpotato•Seedpotato•Melon•Chinesecabbage•Maize•Rice• Winter Wheat
E-Max Release Technology -Proveninthefield
23
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
AgrocoteMax,2-3M GrowerPrac:ce
Yield,MT/ha
Totalyield Marketableyield
Objective: ProvetheefficiencyofAgrocoteMaxin increasingtheyield,withonlyoneapplication
Trial station: Ittre-Belgium
ICL product: 1applicationofAgrocoteMax44-0-0,2-3M,coatedN100%Grower Practice: 2applicationofLiquidAmmoniumNitrate
*ThelevelofN,PandKwasequalforbothfieldsN=215kg/ha,K2O5=500kg/ha
0
15
30
45
60
75
35-50mm >50mm othersize(mm)
Tubersizedistribu,onfromtotalyield,MT/ha
AgrocoteMax,2-3M GrowerPracAce
Conclusions:
Withonlyoneapplication,AgrocoteMaxmeetstheplantsneedsforNitrogenproviding23% more yield in totalperhectareand24 % increase of total marketable yield.
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ease
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olog
y
Fresh market potato
Betterresultsinoneapplication
24
Objective: ProvetheefficiencyofAgrocoteMaxinincreasingtheyield,withonlyoneapplication
Trial station: ProefcentrumZwaagdijk-TheNetherlands
ICL product: 1applicationofAgrocoteMax44-0-0,1-2M,coatedN100%Grower Practice: 2applicationofCalciumNitrate
*ThelevelofN,PandKwasequalforbothfieldsN=127kg/ha,P2O5=45kg/ha,K2O=30kg/ha
Conclusions:
AgrocoteMaxprovesthatwithcontrolledreleasenutritionthenumber of tubers per hectare increased by 12%.
Total marketable yield increased by 19% while the Return on Investment increased by 14%.
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ease
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chn
olog
y
Betterresultsinoneapplication
Seed potato
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
Agrocote,1-2M GP
TotalyieldMT/ha
Grower Practice380390400410420430440450460
Agrocote,1-2M GP
No.oftubersx1000/ha
Grower Practice
25
Objective: ProvetheefficiencyofAgromasterasControlledReleaseFertilizer vsDMPPbasedproduct,achemicalinhibitor.
Trial station: CEHM,France
ICL product: Agromaster12-5-19+4MgO,2-3M,coatedN34%Grower Practice: N-DMPP *ThelevelofN,PandK,providedbythebasefertilizer:N=36N,P2O5=24kg/ha,K2O=144kg/ha,MgO=39kg/ha
SolinureFXwasappliedasWSFinbothfieldsinordertofulfilltheplantsneeds
Conclusions:
AgromasterprovedthatControlledReleaseFertilizersperformbetterthanchemical inhibitorsbasedproducts,notonlyinscientifictrialsbutalsoinopenfieldproduction.Agromaster12-5-19+4MgOprovidesbetterresult,duetothecontrolledreleaseNitrogen,andachieveda17% marketable yield increasevsGrowerPracticewhiletheReturn on Investment was increased by 8.25%.
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ease
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chn
olog
y
ControlledReleasedNitrogenvsDMPP
Melon
0
10
20
30
40
Agromaster GrowerPrac4ce
Yield,MT/ha
Totalyield Marketableyield
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%
%(450-550g) %(550-800g) %(800-1150g) %(1150-1350g)%(1350-1750g) %>1750g
Fruitsizedistribu,onfrommarketableyield,(%)
Agromaster GPGrower Practice
26
Objective: ProvethatPotassiumChlorideandPotassiumSulphatebased Agromasterprovidesameresultsinidenticalgrowingconditions
Trial station: CEHM,France ICL products: Agromaster12-5-19+4MgO,2-3M,coatedN34%(containingPotassiumSulphate) Agromaster15-5-20+3MgO,2-3M,coatedN30%(containingPotassiumChloride) Agromaster15-6-20+2MgO,2-3M,coatedN30%(containingPotassiumChloride)
*ThelevelofN,PandKwasequalforallobjectsN=36kg/ha,P2O5=24kg/ha,K2O=138kg/ha
Conclusions:
AgromasteranalysescontainingPotassiumSulphateorPotassiumChlorideobtainthesameyield(nostatisticaldifference).
Agromaster based on Potassium Chloride gives abetterfruitsizeand increases yield, in preferred caliber 12, with more than 10%.
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ease
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chn
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y
ProvensuccesswithPotassiumChloridebasedAgromaster
Melon
14
15
16
17
18
19
12-5-19+4MgO 15-6-20+2MgO 15-5-20+3MgO
Total&marketableyield,MT/ha
Totalyield Marketableyield
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%
350-550g(cailber21)
550-800g(caliber15)
800-1150g(caliber12)
1150-1350g(caliber11)
1350-1750g(caliber9)
Fruitsizedistribu,ononmarketableyield
12-5-19+4MgO 15-6-20+2MgO 15-5-20+3MgO
27
Objective: ProvetheefficiencyofAgromasterinprovidinguniformgrowthandyieldincrease
Trial station: ExperimentalStationofAgriculturalUniversityinKrakow,Poland
ICL product: 1applicationofAgromaster25-5-10+2MgO,2-3M,coatedN32%Grower Practice: 1applicationofNitrogen
*ThelevelofN,PandKwasequalforbothfieldsTotaldosageofN=150kg/ha
Conclusion:
AgromasterreducesNitrogenlossesduetolessleachingandvolatilization.
Agromaster25-5-10+2MgOprovidesbetterresultsandachievesa21.8% yield increase vsGrowerPracticeatthesameNitrogenrate.
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ease
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chn
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y
Betterresultsinoneapplicationvsconventionalfertilizers
Chinese cabbage
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Agromaster GrowerPrac5ce
YieldMT/ha
28
Objective: ProvetheperformanceofCoatedFertilizersinobtainingthesameyieldin1applicationwithlessnutrients
Trial station: Grceta,France
ICL products: Agromaster1,2-3M(60%coatedUrea+40%uncoatedUrea) Agromaster2,2-3M(40%coatedUrea+60%uncoatedUrea)Grower Practice: Urea-N,2applications
*ThelevelofN,PandKwasequalforbothfieldsFulldosageofN=215kg/ha
Conclusions:
Agromaster,2-3M(40%coatedUrea+60%uncoatedUrea)isformaizethebestadviceintermsofReturnOnInvestment,reducingthecostforlabor,transportandfarmlogistics;Agromasterisadvisedinsandyanddrainingsoils,appliedintherowand incorporated,at4-6leavescropstage.Nitrogenratehastobealignedtothelocalfarmerpractice.
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ease
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chn
olog
y
Similarresultswithlessapplications
Maize
12,9
13,2
13,5
13,8
14,1
Agromaster1(minus50kgunits
ofN)
Agromaster2(minus50kgunits
ofN)
Urea(fulldosageofN)
Urea(minus50kgunits
ofN)
Yield,MT/ha
29
Objective: ProvetheefficiencyofE-Maxtechnologyinoneapplicationvs GrowerPractice
Trial station: CREA–riceunitstation,Vercelli,Italy
ICL product: 1applicationofAgrocoteMax43-0-0,3-4M,coatedN100%Grower Practice: 3applicationofUrea–N
*ThelevelofN,PandKwasequalforbothfieldsN=120kg/ha;P2O5=60kg/ha;K2O=60kg/ha
Conclusions:
WithonlyoneapplicationAgrocoteMaximprovesthenumberoftillers.
Totalyieldincreasesby30%whiletheReturnonInvestmentincreasesby16%vsGrowerPractice.
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ease
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chn
olog
y
Betterresultsinoneapplication
Rice
012345678
Agrocote3-4M GrowerPrac8ce
Yield(MT/Ha)
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
Agrocote3-4M GrowerPrac6ce
Panicle/m²
30
Objective: ProvetheefficiencyofAgromasterasabasefertilizervsGrowerPractice
Trialstation: Trial1-IRTA,Amposta-Catalunya,Spain Trial2-IlladeRiu-Catalunya,Spain
ICLproduct: 1applicationofAgromaster30-8-11,4-5M,coatedN75%GrowerPractice: 1applicationofUrea–Nand2applicationofAmmoniumSulphate
*ThelevelofN,PandKwasequalforbothfieldsN=160kg/ha,P2O5=42kg/ha;K2O=58kg/ha
Conclusions:
Eventhoughtheamountofplantspersquaremeterwasthesameforbothtreatments,theamountofpanicleswasclearlyhigher with Agromaster,whichindicatesahighertillering.
Total yield increasesinbothtrialstationsinaveragewith 21%.
Return on Investment is 25% highervsGrowerPractice
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ease
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chn
olog
y
Betterresultsinoneapplication,provenindifferentlocations
Rice
0
2
4
6
8
10
Trial1(clay) Trial2(sand)
Yield,MT/ha
Agromaster GrowerPrac=ce
0
100
200
300
400
500
Trial1(clay) Trial2(sand)
Panicle/m²
Agromaster GrowerPrac=ce
31
Objective: ProvetheefficiencyofAgromasterStartMiniappliedinfurrowvsbroadcastingconventionalbasefertilizers
Trial station: INCDA-Fundulea,Romania
ICL products: AgromasterStartMini1=AgromasterStartMini80kg/ha,inAutumn AgromasterStartMini2=AgromasterStartMini60kg/ha,inAutumnGrower Practice: Conventionalfertilizers=P2O5=80kg/ha;K2O=40kg/ha,inAutumn
InSpringallobjectsreceivedanextra40kg/haofNitrogen
Conclusions:
AgromasterStartMini21-21-5+2MgO+15SO3isahighlyefficientminicoatedgranulatedfertilizerforwinterwheat.
Appliedatsowingtime,infurrows,closetotheseeds,AgromasterStartMinishowsthatbyusinglessnutrientsyoucanobtainbetteryields,reducinglaborcost,soilcompactionandimprovingfamlogisticsinautumn.
Total yield increases up to 40% with a high protein level – 13.4%
Rel
ease
Te
chn
olog
y
Betterefficiencyinnutrientsuptakewithminicoatedgranulatedfertilizers
Winter wheat
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
AgromasterStartMini1 AgromasterStartMini2 GrowerPrac:ce
Yield,MT/ha
0
5
10
15
20
25
AgromasterStartMini1 AgromasterStartMini2 GrowerPrac7ce
Nutrientsefficiencytoproduce1MTofgrains-kg/ha-
N
P
K
32
Objective: ProvetheefficiencyofAgromastervsGrowerPractice(conventionalfertilizer)Trial station1: claysoil,rainfed,Bou-Salem,TunisiaTrial station 2: sandysoil,irrigated,Chebika,Tunisia
ICL products: Agromaster1=Agromaster27-5-9,4-5M(75%coatedN),inAutumn Agromaster2=Agromaster27-5-9,4-5M(66%coatedN),inAutumnGrower Practice: Conventionalfertilizers=1applicationinAutumnforPandKand3
applicationsofNinSpring
DosagesforGrowerPractice(kg/ha): Trialstation1 N=138;P2O5=20;K2O=35; Trialstation2 N=149;P2O5=25;K2O=40;
ThedosageofAgromaster,inbothtrialstations,wasreducedforNitrogenwith30%;thelevelof PandKwassimilarwithGrowerPracticeineachtrialstation.
Rel
ease
Te
chn
olog
y
Yieldincreaseswithoneapplicationandlessnutrients
Winter wheat
0
2
4
6
8
GrowerPrac/ce Agromaster1 Agromaster2
Yield,MT/ha
TrialSta/on1 TrialSta/on2
Conclusions:
AgromasterprovestheconceptofE-MaxReleaseTechnology-withonlyone applicationandlessnutrients,similarorgreateryieldcanbeachieved.
ByusingAgromaster,totalyieldincreasesupto10%,withlessnutrientsandonly 1application,reducinglaborcost,soilcompaction,improvingfarm’slogistics.
0
20
40
60
80
Conven,onal Agromaster1 Agromaster2
Weight1000grains(g)
TrialSta,on1 TrialSta,on2
Grower Practice
33
“We are using ICL Agromaster fertilizers. Based on the soil analysis we receive a fertilization program. This always delivers excellent results!”
Ivan Simeunović, SloveniaCabbage
WithI know I am in control
33
34
N
N
N
NN
NN
N
NN
NN
N
N
N
NN
N
N
N
N
NN
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N N
N
NN
N
N
N
N
N
N
CONTROLLED RELEASE FERTILIZERS (CRF)
CRF is considered the fertilizer with the highest nutrient use efficiency.
CONVENTIONAL FERTILIZERS
ExcessSupply
DeficientSupply
Supply
Demand
COATED FERTILIZERS
The moisture uptake and dissolution of the nutrient core results in buildup of osmotic pressure inside the E-Max coated granule.
The osmotic pressure causes the nutrient solution to release through microscopic pores in the E-Max coating.
The nutrients are fully released and the E-Max coating desintegrates into the soil.
USE EFFICIENCY BY FERTILIZER CATEGORY
60-80%
50-70%
20-40%
80-90%Controlled-Release Fertilizers
Fully-Soluble Fertilizers (by fertigation)
Slow-Release Fertilizers
Partially-Soluble Fertilizers
BENEFITS
Reductions of 40% of nutrients can be reached vs applications with conventional fertilizers.
Due to the gradual release of nutrients, the EC of the soil solution is not affected.
Due to the controlled release of nutrients, less leaching will take place.
Due to continuous nutrient release, stress periods of deficiencies are avoided.
-40%
Influenced by soil temperature moisture penetrates the semi permeable E-Max coating and dissolves the nutrient core.
CONTROLLED RELEASE FERTILIZER MODE OF ACTION
Cumulative Supply
Cumulative Demand
ICL SF APPROACH TO SUSTAINABILITY
Coated fertilizers supply nutrients which match the demand of the plant to give optimal growth, efficiency and a reduction in leaching.
N
N
N
NN
N
N
N
NN
N
N
N
N
NN
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N N
N
NN
N
N
N
NN
NN
N
NN
NN
N
EFFICIENCY • ECONOMY • ECOLOGY
Mineral fertilizers are responsible for over half of the world’s food production.
5 %
SAFE
SAFESAFE
140 mln mtof mineral fertilizer is used every year.
FERTILIZER
www.icl-sf.com
35
Efficiency ✔ Improve nutrition delivery and efficiency
Economy ✔ Reduce fertilizer, labor and resource costs ✔ Increase yield ✔ Generate more return on investment per season
Ecology ✔ Minimize nutrient loss due to leaching, emission,
volatilization and runoff
ICLSpecialtyFertilizerscontributestoaprofitable,responsible andsustainableagriculture
N
N
N
NN
NN
N
NN
NN
N
N
N
NN
N
N
N
N
NN
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N N
N
NN
N
N
N
N
N
N
CONTROLLED RELEASE FERTILIZERS (CRF)
CRF is considered the fertilizer with the highest nutrient use efficiency.
CONVENTIONAL FERTILIZERS
ExcessSupply
DeficientSupply
Supply
Demand
COATED FERTILIZERS
The moisture uptake and dissolution of the nutrient core results in buildup of osmotic pressure inside the E-Max coated granule.
The osmotic pressure causes the nutrient solution to release through microscopic pores in the E-Max coating.
The nutrients are fully released and the E-Max coating desintegrates into the soil.
USE EFFICIENCY BY FERTILIZER CATEGORY
60-80%
50-70%
20-40%
80-90%Controlled-Release Fertilizers
Fully-Soluble Fertilizers (by fertigation)
Slow-Release Fertilizers
Partially-Soluble Fertilizers
BENEFITS
Reductions of 40% of nutrients can be reached vs applications with conventional fertilizers.
Due to the gradual release of nutrients, the EC of the soil solution is not affected.
Due to the controlled release of nutrients, less leaching will take place.
Due to continuous nutrient release, stress periods of deficiencies are avoided.
-40%
Influenced by soil temperature moisture penetrates the semi permeable E-Max coating and dissolves the nutrient core.
CONTROLLED RELEASE FERTILIZER MODE OF ACTION
Cumulative Supply
Cumulative Demand
ICL SF APPROACH TO SUSTAINABILITY
Coated fertilizers supply nutrients which match the demand of the plant to give optimal growth, efficiency and a reduction in leaching.
N
N
N
NN
N
N
N
NN
N
N
N
N
NN
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N N
N
NN
N
N
N
NN
NN
N
NN
NN
N
EFFICIENCY • ECONOMY • ECOLOGY
Mineral fertilizers are responsible for over half of the world’s food production.
5 %
SAFE
SAFESAFE
140 mln mtof mineral fertilizer is used every year.
FERTILIZER
www.icl-sf.com
P.O. Box 404190 CA GeldermalsenThe NetherlandsTel.: +31 (0) 418 655 700Fax: +31 (0) 418 655 795Email: [email protected]
Everris International B.V. (UK, Netherlands, Germany) is certified according ISO - 9001.Everris International B.V. Heerlen is also certified according ISO – 14001 and OHSAS – 18001. Everris International B.V. is a legal entity under ICL Specialty Fertilizers.
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