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dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf} _ jflif{s k|ltj]bg @)&% dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{no sf7df8f}F, g]kfn

dxfn]]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf} jflif{s k|ltj]bg @)&%...1. k¢lt – n]vfk/LIf0f P]g, @)&% df plNnlvt Joj:yf, n]vfk/LIf0fsf cfwf/e"t l;åfGt, dfGotf, ;/sf/L n]vfk/LIf0f dfgb08, n]vfk/LIf0f

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  • dxfn]]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}_ jflif{s k|ltj]bg

    @)&%

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{no sf7df8f}F, g]kfn

  • dxfn]vfk/LIfssf]

    5kGgf}_ jflif{s k|ltj]bg @)&%

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{no sf7df8f}F, g]kfn

  • (Vision)

    hglxtsfnflu hjfkmb]lxtf, kf/blz{tf / lgi7f k|j4{g ug]{ ljZj;gLo

    ;+:yf x'g k|oTgzLn /xg] .

    (We strive to be a credible institution in promoting accountability,

    transparency and integrity for the benefit of the people)

    (Mission)

    ;/ f ]s f /j fn fn f O { ; fj {h lgs s f ] i fs f ] bI ft fk " 0 f { pko f ] u

    ;DaGwdf cfZj:t kfg{ :jtGq Pj+ u'0f:t/Lo n]vfk/LIf0f ;]jf k|bfg

    ug]{ .

    (Provide independent and quality audit service to assure our

    stakeholders that the public funds are efficiently used)

    (Core Values)

    lgi7f (Integrity) :jtGqtf (Independence) Jofj;flostf (Professionalism) kf/blz{tf (Transparency) hjfkmb]lxtf (Accountability)

    Serving the Nation and the People

  • n]vfk/LIf0fsf] p2]Zo, If]q / k¢lt

    1. ;+j}wflgs tyf sfg'gL Joj:yf – g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$) df /fi6«kltaf6 ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm x'g] Joj:yf 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$! -!_ df /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«kltsf] sfof{no, ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+3Lo ;+;b, k|b]z ;ef, k|b]z ;/sf/, :yfgLo tx, ;+j}wflgs lgsfo jf ;f]sf] sfof{no, cbfnt, dxfGofolwjQmfsf] sfof{no / g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L jf ;z:q k|x/L an g]kfnnufotsf ;a} ;+3Lo / k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{nosf] n]vf sfg'gadf]lhd lgoldttf, ldtJolotf, sfo{bIftf, k|efjsfl/tf / cf}lrTo;d]tsf] ljrf/ u/L dxfn]vfk/LIfsaf6 n]vfk/LIf0f x'g] Joj:yf 5 . To;}u/L ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$!-@_ adf]lhd %) k|ltzteGbf a9L ;]o/ jf hfoh]yfdf g]kfn ;/sf/ jf k|b]z ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0fsf nflu n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ubf{ dxfn]vfk/LIfs;Fu k/fdz{ ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . n]vfk/LIf0f P]g, @)&% sf] bkmf # cg';f/ ;/sf/L sfof{no, g]kfn ;/sf/ jf k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txsf] k"0f{ :jfldTj ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yf, dxfn]vfk/LIfsaf6 n]vfk/LIf0f x'g] egL ;+3Lo sfg'gåf/f tf]lsPsf ;+:yf jf lgsfosf] n]vfk/LIf0f dxfn]vfk/LIfsaf6 x'g] Joj:yf 5 .

    ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @($-!_ adf]lhd dxfn]vfk/LIfsn] u/]sf] sfdsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg /fi6«klt ;dIf tyf wf/f @($-#_ adf]lhd k|b]zsf] sfd sf/afxL ;DaGwdf cnu cnu jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L k|b]z k|d'v ;dIf k]; ug]{ ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf 5 . To;}u/L n]vfk/LIf0f P]g, @)&% sf] bkmf @)-@_ df k|To]s ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsfsf] cnu cnu n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg hf/L ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 .

    2. p2]Zo – ;fj{hlgs ;|f]tsf] k|flKt / pkof]u tyf ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxsf] ;DaGwdf lgoldttf, ldtJolotf, sfo{bIftf, k|efjsfl/tf / cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df n]vfk/LIf0f u/L plrt lgisif{ / ;'emfj k|bfg ug'{ tyf ljQLo k|ltj]bgpk/ cfZj:ttf k|bfg ug'{ n]vfk/LIf0fsf] k|d'v p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 eg] cGo ;xfos p2]Zox? b]xfocg';f/sf ljifodf d"NofÍg ljZn]if0f u/L k|ltj]bg ug]{ /x]sf 5g\M

    • ;+3Lo, k|b]z / :yfgLo ;l~rt sf]ifsf] lx;fa oyfy{k/s /x]sf], • cfly{s ljj/0f tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf tof/ eO{ sf/f]af/sf] oyfy{ lrq0f u/]sf], • ljlgof]hg P]g adf]lhd :jLs[t ;Ldf leq /xL tf]s]sf] sfo{ / k|of]hgdf vr{ u/]sf], • /fh:jnufot ;d:t cfDbfgL / w/f}6L c;'nL tyf bflvnf u/]sf], • ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] clen]v, ;'k|aGw / ;+/If0fsf] kof{Kt Joj:yf u/]sf], • gubL lhG;L tyf ;/sf/L ;DklQ Pj+ ;|f]tsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL / b'?kof]u x'g gkfpg] u/L

    cfGtl/s lgoGq0f Joj:yf u/]sf], • cfly{s sf/f]af/ ubf{ k|rlnt P]g sfg'gsf] kl/kfngf u/]sf] Pj+ k'i6\ofOF ug]{ oy]i6 k|df0f

    /fv]sf], • :jLs[t sfo{qmdcg';f/ lgwf{l/t ;doleq nIo / pknlAw xfl;n u/]sf], • ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] tf]lsPadf]lhd ljsf; lgdf{0f / ;]jf k|jfx u/]sf], • p2]Zo, gLlt, sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog / pknlAw xfl;n u/]sf], • ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] hjfkmb]lxtf jxg u/]sf],

    3. If]q / ljlw – of] jif{ ;+j}wflgs cË, ;+3Lo / k|b]zsf ;a} ;/sf/L sfof{no, :yfgLo tx, ;+ul7t ;+:yf, ;ldlt, af]8{, sf]if, k|flws/0f / ljZjljBfno;d]t sfg'gn] n]vfk/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ u/L tf]s]s]f ;+:yfsf] cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&% sf] cfly{s sf/f]af/ / k]; eP;Dd aSof}tf sf/f]af/nfO{ n]vfk/LIf0fsf] If]qdf ;d]l6Psf] 5 . of] jif{ ljQLo tyf lgoldttf, sfo{d"ns, jftfj/0fLo, lbuf] ljsf;nufot ;"rgf k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t Pj+ ljz]if n]vfk/LIf0f ubf{ k|lqmofd"ns tyf glthfd"ns ljlw cjnDag ul/Psf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0fsf] qmddf ljsf; lgdf{0f, ;fj{hlgs vl/b, cfGtl/s lgoGq0f, /fh:j k|zf;g / ;]jf k|jfxsf] ;DaGwdf ljQLo hjfkmb]lxtf l:ylt d"NofÍg ug]{ Joj:yf cjnDag ul/Psf] 5 .

  • 1. k¢lt – n]vfk/LIf0f P]g, @)&% df plNnlvt Joj:yf, n]vfk/LIf0fsf cfwf/e"t l;åfGt, dfGotf, ;/sf/L n]vfk/LIf0f dfgb08, n]vfk/LIf0f dfu{bz{g / cGt/f{li6«o c;n cEof;sf] cg'z/0f u/L n]vfk/LIf0f of]hgf th'{df, sfof{Gjog, k|ltj]bg / cg'udg;d]t $ r/0fdf n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 . hf]lvd d"NofÍg kZrft\ klxrfg ePsf ljifosf] ;Gbe{df k/LIf0f Pj+ ljZn]if0f u/L ;fGble{s / kof{Kt k|df0f ;Íng ug{ cfjZostfcg';f/ gd'gf 5gf}6 u/L lgoGq0fsf] k/LIf0f, ;f/e"t ljZn]if0ffTds sfo{ljlw / lj:t[t k/LIf0f sfo{ljlw cjnDag u/L n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} sfo{d"ns n]vfk/LIf0fdf gful/s ;dfh ;d]tsf] ;xeflutf u/fOPsf] 5 .

    ;DdfggLo /fi6«kltHo", ;DdfggLo k|wfdGqLHo", ;DdfggLo k|wfgGofowLzHo", ;+3Lo ;+;b k|ltlglw ;efsf ;DdfggLo ;efd'vHo", /fli6«o ;efsf ;DdfggLo cWoIfHo" nufotsf kbflwsf/Lx?;Fu 5nkmn u/L k|fKt ;'emfjnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL n]vfk/LIf0fsf] of]hgf th'{df / sfof{Gjog ul/Psf] 5 . To;}u/L n]vfk/LIf0fsf qmddf & j6} k|b]zsf dfggLo k|b]z k|d'vHo"x?, dfggLo d'VodGqL tyf dGqLHo"x?, k|b]z;efsf dfggLo ;efd'v / pk–;efd'vHo"x? tyf k|b]z ;efsf dfggLo ;b:oHo"x? nufot ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf n]vfpQ/bfoL clws[t, sfof{no k|d'v tyf n]vf k|d'v, ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgsf kbflwsf/L ;d]t;Fu 5nkmn ul/Psf] 5 .

    n]vfk/LIf0fsf] u'0f:t/ clej[l¢ ug{ pRr txaf6 ;'kl/j]If0f, :ynut lg/LIf0f, n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg kmfOn tyf k|ltj]bgsf] k'g/fjnf]sg / 5gf}6 ePsf n]vfk/LIf0f kmfOnsf] u'0f:t/ k'g/fjnf]sg ;d]t ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . o;} u/L k|fljlws nufotsf ljifodf /fo k|bfg ug{ n]vfk/LIf0f ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf]] / ljleGg If]qsf ljifo ljz]if1 lgo'lQm u/L n]vfk/LIf0fdf ;+nUg u/fOPsf] 5 .

    2. jflif{s k|ltj]bg – dxfn]vfk/LIfsn] cfkm"n] u/]sf] sfd sf/afxLsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L /fi6«klt ;dIf k]; ug'{kg]{ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @($ df Joj:yf ePadf]lhd of] k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . o; k|ltj]bgdf % kl/R5]b tyf @$ cg';"rL /x]sf 5g\ . kl/R5]b ! df n]vfk/LIf0f u/LPsf lgsfosf] ljj/0f, kl/R5]b @ df n]vfk/LIf0fjf6 b]lvPsf a]?h'sf] l:ylt, kl/R5]b # df n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf ;du| Joxf]/f, kl/R5]b $ df n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgsf] sfof{Gjog l:ylt / kl/R5]b % df eljiodf ug'{kg]{ ;'wf/ pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} aflif{s k|ltj]bgsf d'Vo ljifo ;dfj]z u/L ;f/f+z ;d]t tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .

  • ljifo–;"rL

    kl/R5]b zLif{s k[i7 dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] egfO n]vfk/LIf0fsf] p2]Zo, If]q / k4lt kl/R5]b !M n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf lgsfosf] ljj/0f 1 kl/R5]b @M n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h"sf] l:ylt 5 kl/R5]b #M n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf ;du| Joxf]/f 9 v08 – !M ;+3Lo dGqfno tyf lgsfo 1. ;+3Lo ;+;b ;lrjfno =========================================================================== 13 2. ;jf]{Rr cbfnt ===================================================================================== 14 3. clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u ========================================================== 16 4. dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{no ====================================================================== 17 5. nf]s ;]jf cfof]u =================================================================================== 19 6. lgjf{rg cfof]u ======================================================================== ============= 20 7. /fli6«o dfjg clwsf/ cfof]u =================================================================== 27 8. dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{no ===================================================================== 28 9. k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no ====================================================== 29 10. cy{ dGqfno ================================================================================= ======== 52 11. pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno ======================================================== 134 12. pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;FrfO dGqfno ========================================================== 147 13. sfg'g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfno ================================================= 171 14. s[lif tyf kz'kG5L ljsf; dGqfno =========================================================== 172 15. vfg]kfgL dGqfno ================================================================================== 192 16. u[x dGqfno ========================================================================================= 207 17. k//fi6 \ dGqfno ============================================================================= ======== 215 18. e"ld Joj:yf, ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfno ====================================== 223 19. ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft dGqfno ======================================================= 238 20. dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf Ho]i7 gful/s dGqfno ========================================== 276 21. o'jf tyf v]ns'b dGqfno ======================================================================= 284 22. /Iff dGqfno ================================================================================= ======= 293 23. jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno ===================================================================== 301 24. zx/L ljsf; dGqfno ============================================================================= 316 25. lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno ============================================================= 326 26. >d, /f]huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff dGqfno ================================================ 353 27. ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno ============================================ 358 28. ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno ============================================== 376 29. ;~rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqfno ============================================================ 388 30. :jf:yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno ================================================================= 401 31. /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u ============================================================================= 435 v08 – @M k|b]z dGqfno tyf lgsfo 439 v08 – #M :yfgLo tx 451 kl/R5]b $M n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgsf] sfof{Gjog l:ylt 473 kl/R5]b %M eljiodf ug'{kg]{ ;'wf/ 475 cg';"rLx? 491

  • 1 dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&%

    kl/R5]b — !

    n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf lgsfosf] ljj/0f

    • ;dli6ut n]vfk/LIf0f

    n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf lgsfo / ljifo ;+Vof /sd -?= s/f]8df_ -s_ ljQLo n]vfk/LIf0f

    != ;+3Lo dGqfno tyf lgsfo 4841 200884 @= k|b]z dGqfno tyf lgsfo 68 262 #= :yfgLo tx 747 57151 $= lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt 76 14445 %= ;ldlt / cGo ;+:yf 785 10927 ^= ;+ul7t ;+:yf 99 232423

    -v_ sfo{d"ns n]vfk/LIf0f 22 0 -u_ ;"rgf k|ljlw n]vfk/LIf0f 3 0 -3_ jftfj/0fLo n]vfk/LIf0f 1 0 -F_ ljz]if n]vfk/LIf0f 2 0

    hDdf 6644 516092

    of] jif{ $ xhf/ *$! ;+3Lo dGqfno tyf lgsfosf] ?=@) va{ * ca{ *$ s/f]8, k|b]z dGqfno tyf lgsfo ^*, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt &^, :yfgLo tx &%# dWo] &$&, ljZjljBfno, ;ldlt, ;+:yf, k|lti7fgnufot **$ lgsfosf] ?=#! vj{ %@ cj{ * s/f]8;d]t ?=%! vj{ ^) cj{ (@ s/f]8sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 . ljQLo n]vfk/LIf0fsf] cltl/Qm @@ ljifosf] sfo{d"ns, # ljifosf] ;"rgf k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t, ! ljifosf] jftfj/0fLo tyf @ ljifosf] ljz]if n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf sfof{nox?sf] ljj/0f cg';"rL !, !s, !v, @, $ / !$ df pNn]v 5 .

  • kl/R5]b !M n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf lgsfosf] ljj/0f

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 2

    1. ;+3Lo dGqfno tyf lgsfo — of] jif{ $ xhf/ *$! ;+3Lo ;/sf/L lgsfosf]] ljlgof]hg//fh:j/w/f}6L / cGotkm{ lgDgfg';f/ n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5M

    -?=s/f]8df_

    qm=;+= sf/f]af/ n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg

    @)&$.&% sf] /sd aSof}tf hDdf != ljlgof]hg lgsf;f 87462 0 87462 @= /fh:j c;'nL 72297 0 72297 #= w/f}6L cfDbfgL 4481 0 4481 $= cGo sf/f]af/ 36644 0 36644

    hDdf 200884 0 200884

    n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg lgsfosf] ljj/0f cg';"rL ! df / n]vfk/LIf0f /sdsf] ljj/0f cg';"rL @ df pNn]v 5 . ut jif{ ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{notkm{ ?=# ca{ #* s/f]8 n]vfk/LIf0f aSof}tf /x]sf]df of] jif{ s'g} sfof{non] klg n]vfk/LIf0f u/fPsf 5}gg\ .

    2. k|b]z dGqfno tyf lgsfo – of] jif{ ;ft k|b]z cGt{ut ^* lgsfosf] ?=@ cj{ ^@ s/f]8sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 . o; ;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL—!$ df 5 . k|b]z txsf] n]vfk/LIf0fdf b]lvPsf k|d'v Joxf]/f kl/R5]b # v08 @ df ;dfj]z 5 .

    3. :yfgLo tx — of] jif{ dxfgu/kflnsf ^, pkdxfgu/kflnsf !!, gu/kflnsf @&^ / ufpFkflnsf $%$ ;d]t &$& :yfgLo txsf] ?=% va{ &! ca{ %! s/f]8sf]]] n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL—!$ df 5 . :yfgLo txsf] n]vfk/LIf0fdf b]lvPsf k|d'v Joxf]/f kl/R5]b # v08 @ df ;dfj]z 5 .

    4. lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt — of] jif{ lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt &^ sf] ?=! va{ $$ ca{ $% s/f]8sf]]] n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f cg';"rL—!$ df 5 .

    5. ;ldlt / cGo ;+:yf — of] jif{ &*% ;ldlt / cGo ;+:yfsf] ?=! va{ ( ca{ @& s/f]8sf]]]] n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;ldltx?sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f cg';"rL !s, $, %, ^ / & df / n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf k|d'v Joxf]/f kl/R5]b # sf] dGqfno v08df ;dfj]z 5 .

    6. ;+ul7t ;+:yf — of] jif{ ;+ul7t ;+:yftkm{ (( OsfO{sf] ?=@# va{ @$ ca{ @# s/f]8sf]]] n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . lj:t[t ljj/0f cg';"rL—!s, $, %, ^ / & df / n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf k|d'v Joxf]/f kl/R5]b— # sf] dGqfno v08df ;dfj]z 5 . ;f]sf] cltl/Qm #) ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0fsf] k/fdz{ dfk{mt ?=& va{ #( ca{ *) s/f]8sf] n]vfk/LIf0f u/fOPsf] 5 .

    7. sfo{d"ns n]vfk/LIf0f — of] jif{ @@ ljifosf] sfo{d"ns n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf ljifosf] ljj/0f cg';"rL !v df / n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf k|d'v Joxf]/f kl/R5]b # sf] dGqfno v08df ;dfj]z 5 .

    8. ;"rgf k|ljlw n]vfk/LIf0f — of] jif{ # ljifodf ;"rgf k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf ljifosf] ljj/0f cg';"rL !v df / n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf k|d'v Joxf]/f kl/R5]b # sf] dGqfno v08df ;dfj]z 5 .

    9. jftfj/0fLo n]vfk/LIf0f — of] jif{ ! ljifodf jftfj/0fLo n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf ljifosf] ljj/0f cg';"rL !v df / n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf k|d'v Joxf]/f kl/R5]b # sf] dGqfno v08df ;dfj]z 5 .

    10. ljz]if n]vfk/LIf0f – of] jif @ ljifodf ljz]if n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf ljifosf] ljj/0f cg';"rL !v df / n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf k|d'v Joxf]/f kl/R5]b # sf] dGqfno v08df ;dfj]z 5 .

  • kl/R5]b !M n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf lgsfosf] ljj/0f

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 3

    11. n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ljlw — of] jif{ ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{no, ;ldlt, k|lti7fg, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx tyf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ubf{ hf]lvd ljZn]if0f ;lxt ;fgf sfof{nosf] nflu tf]lsPsf] k/LIf0f ;"rL k|of]u u/L n]vfk/LIf0f 6'+UofOPsf] 5 . hf]lvdo'St sfof{nosf] nflu lj:t[t n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ljlw cjnDag u/L ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{d"ns n]vfk/LIf0fsf qmddf glthfd"ns k4lt cjndag ul/Psf] 5 eg] :ynut cjnf]sg;lxt gful/s ;dfh, nfeu|fxL ;d"x nufot ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ ;d]t 5nkmn tyf cGt/lqmofdf ;xefuL u/fO{ k|fKt ;"rgf;d]tsf] ljZn]if0f u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .

    • ;/sf/L ah]6 / /fh:jsf] sfof{Gjog l:ylt 12. ;/sf/L ah]6 tyf vr{ — dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 k|fKt ljj/0fcg';f/ @)&@. / @).&$

    sf] oyfy{ vr{ tyf @)&$.&% sf] ;+3Lo ;/sf/sf] If]qut ah]6 cg'dfg / oyfy{ vr{ lgDgfg';f/ 5M

    -?= nfvdf_

    zLif{s/If]q @)&@. sf]

    oyfy{ vr{ @).&$ sf] oyfy{ vr{

    @)&$.&% sf] ah]6 cg'dfg oyfy{ vr{ k|ltzt

    rfn' vr{ 3712949 5186162 8035315 6969196 86.73 k'FhLut vr{ 1232514 2087483 3351760 2707137 80.77 ljQLo Joj:yf -;fFjf Aofh e'QmfgL_ 1064670 1098833 1402874 1170488 83.44

    hDdf 6010133 8372478 12789949 10846821 84.81

    ;fdfGo ;fj{hlgs ;]jf 1724813 2096855 4991484 4036281 80.86 /Iff 350994 431155 449559 480067 106.79 ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff 347947 569915 506290 539213 106.50 cfly{s dfldnf 1753024 2812887 4546031 3889299 85.55 jftfj/0f ;+/If0f 117434 63525 151390 135127 89.26 cfjf; tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwf 228084 410305 630625 509138 80.74 :jf:Yo 340090 453575 410899 359211 87.42 ;+:s[lt / wd{ 39666 64866 59720 52651 88.16 lzIff 906895 1085901 651357 450190 69.12 ;fdflhs ;'/Iff 201186 383494 392594 395644 100.78

    hDdf 6010133 8372478 12789949 10846821 84.81

    13. vr{sf] l:ylt — dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 k|fKt ljj/0fcg';f/ of] jif{sf] s'n rfn' / k'FhLut vr{dWo] /sdsf] cfwf/df a9L vr{ ug]{ ;+3Lo ;/sf/sf kfFr dGqfno / cGosf] vr{sf] ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ 5M

    [?- nfvdf{ rfn' vr{ k'FhLut vr{

    qm=;+= dGqfno /sd s'n rfn' vr{sf] k|ltzt

    qm=;+= dGqfno /sd s'n k"FhLut

    vr{sf] k|ltzt

    1 k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no 964206 13.84 1 ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft 960121 35.47 2 u[x dGqfno 588022 8.44 2 phf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO{ 534620 19.75 3 lzIff dGqfno 458480 6.58 3 k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no 238515 8.81 4 ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno 428643 6.15 4 zx/L ljsf; 208289 7.69

    5 /Iff dGqfno 423006 6.07 5 vfg]kfgL 186620 6.89 6 cGo 4106838 58.92 6 cGo 578972 21.39 hDdf 6969195 100 hDdf 2707137 100.00

    rfn' / k'FhLut vr{ afx]s ljQLo vr{ ?=! va{ !& ca{ % s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 .

    14. ;|f]tut vr{ — dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 k|fKt ljj/0fcg';f/ ;+3Lo ;/sf/sf] @)&@. / @).&$ sf] oyfy{ vr{ tyf @)&$.&% sf]] cg'dfg / oyfy{ vr{sf] ;|f]tut ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ 5M

  • kl/R5]b !M n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf lgsfosf] ljj/0f

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 4

    [?-nfvdf{

    ;|f]t @)&@. sf] oyfy{

    vr{ @).&$ sf] oyfy{

    vr{ @)&$.&% sf] ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf j[l4

    k|ltzt cg'dfg oyfy+ vr+ g]kfn ;/sf/ 5282433 7374063 9927918 9557592 29.61 j}b]lzs cg'bfg 395418 408193 721677 393187 -3.68 j}b]lzs C0f 332283 590222 2140354 896042 51.81

    hDdf 6010134 8372478 12789949 10846821 29.55

    14.1. of] jif{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;|f]ttk{m ?=( va{ %% ca{ &^ s/f]8 vr{dWo] /fh:jaf6 ?=& va{ *@ ca{ #( s/f]8 -*!=*^ k|ltzt_ Joxf]/]sf] 5 .

    14.2. of] jif{ rfn'tkm{ ?=^ va{ (^ ca{ (@ s/f]8 vr{dWo] ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ ePsf] vr{ ?=!^ ca{ #& s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . of] /sddf ax'kIfLo / lAkIfLo C0fsf] Aofh e'QmfgL ?=!^ ca{ @$ s/f]8 ;d]t ;dfj]z 5 .

    14.3. of] jif{ j}b]lzs cg'bfgtkm{ @% lgsfocGtu{t ?=&@ ca{ !& s/f]8 k|fKt x'g] cg'dfg ePsf]df ?=#( ca{ #@ s/f]8 k|fKt ePsf] / j}b]lzs C0ftkm{ !& lgsfocGtu{t ?=@ va{ !$ ca{ $ s/f]8 k|fKt x'g] cg'dfg ePsf]df ?=*( ca{ ^) s/f]8 k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

    15. /fh:j c;'nL — dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 k|fKt ljj/0fcg';f/ ;+3Lo ;/sf/sf] /fh:jsf] ;|f]tcg';f/ @)&@. / @).&$ sf] oyfy{ c;'nL tyf @)&$.&% sf] cg'dfg / oyfy{ c;'nLsf] l:ylt lgDgfg';f/ 5M

    [?- nfvdf{

    ljj/0f @)&@. sf] oyfy{ c;'nL

    @).&$ sf] oyfy{ c;'nL

    @)&$.&% sf] cg'dfg c;'nL k|ltzt

    s'n /fh:j 4989165 6154684 7450556 7823914 105.01 != s/ /fh:j 4210966 5538016 6662046 6594915 98.99 @= u}/s/ /fh:j -ut jif{sf] gub df}Hbft tyf a]?h";d]t_ 641259 587266 638510 672261 105.29 #= ;fFjf lkmtf{ 136940 29402 150000 556738 371.16

    utjif{sf] t'ngfdf of] jif{ /fh:j c;'nL @&=!@ k|ltztn] a9]sf]] b]lvG5 . @)&$.&% sf] c;'nLdf ut jif{sf] gub df}Hbft tyf a]?h"af6 bflvnf ePsf] ?=% ca{ %@ s/f]8 @$ Nffv ;dfj]z 5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL !# df pNn]v 5 . /fh:j c;'nL ;DaGwdf n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf k|d'v Joxf]/f kl/R5]b—# sf] dGqfno v08df ;dfj]z 5 .

  • 5 dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&%

    kl/R5]b — @

    n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h"sf] l:ylt

    1. a]?h" – cfly{s sfo{ljlw P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf @-b_ df k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd k'¥ofpg'kg]{ /Lt gk'¥ofO{ sf/f]af/ u/]sf] jf /fVg'kg]{ n]vf g/fv]sf] tyf clgoldt jf a]dgfl;a tl/sfn] cfly{s sf/f]af/ u/]sf] egL n]vfk/LIf0f ubf{ cf}FNofOPsf] jf 7x¥ofPsf] sf/f]af/nfO{ a]?h"sf] ?kdf kl/eflift u/]sf] 5 .

    cfly{s sfo{ljlw P]g, @)%% n] a]?h"nfO{ c;'n ug'{kg{], lgoldt ug'{kg]{ / k]:sL u/L # ju{df juL{s/0f u/]sf] 5 . o; sfof{non] a]?h" juL{s/0f ubf{ c;'n ug'{kg]{ a]?h"df lxgfldgf / d:of}6, xflg gf]S;fgL / cGo c;'n ug'{kg]{ u/L # ;d"xdf, lgoldt ug'{kg]{ a]?h"nfO{ clgoldt ePsf], k|df0f sfuhft k]; gePsf], lhDd]jf/L g;f/]sf] / zf]wegf{ glnPsf] u/L $ ;d"xdf / k]:sLnfO{ sd{rf/L, df]lanfOh];g, k|tLtkq / ;+:yfut k]:sL u/L $ ;d"xdf juL{s/0f u/]sf] 5 .

    of] jif{ ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{no, k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{no, :yfgLo tx, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, cGo ;ldlt / ;+:yftkm{ n]vfk/LIf0faf6 cf}FNofOPsf] a]?h" ?=! vj{ $! cj{ % s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . ;f] a]?h" cÍsf] juL{s/0f lgDgfg';f/ 5M

    -?= nfvdf_

    juL{s/0f ;+3Lo ;/sf/L

    sfof{no k|b]z ;/sf/L

    sfof{no :yfgLo tx

    ;ldlt/cGo ;+:yf / lhNnf ;dGjo

    ;ldlt hDdf

    s'n a]?h"sf] k|ltzt

    != c;'n ug'{kg]{ 320352 211 27216 6979 354758 25.15 @= lgoldt ug'{kg]{ 292542 663 148160 75568 516933 36.65 • clgoldt ePsf] 66738 296 63254 20464 150752 10.69 • k|df0f sfuhft k];

    gePsf] 215253 367 84244 54991 354855 25.16

    • lhDd]jf/L g;f/]sf] 0 0 417 5 422 0.03 • zf]wegf{ glnPsf] 10551 0 245 108 10904 0.77 #= k]:sL 450486 1077 66040 21211 538814 38.20 • sd{rf/L k]:sL 2670 2 23164 249 26085 1.85 • df]lanfOh];g k]:sL 263699 0 0 0 263699 18.70 • k|tLtkq k]:sL 87451 0 0 0 87451 6.20 • cGo k]:sL 96666 1075 42876 20962 161579 11.45

    hDdf a]?h" 1063380 1951 241416 103758 1410505 100.00 b|i6JoM ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf] a]?h"sf] nut /fVg] Pj+ ;Dk/LIf0f ug]{ sfo{ ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6}

    x'g] ePsf]]n] plNnlvt cÍdf ;dfj]z 5}g .

    a]?h" juL{s/0fsf] ljj/0f cg';"rL—!%, !^ / @! df pNn]v 5 .

    2. cBfjlws a]?h" – ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{no, k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{no, :yfgLo tx, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, cGo ;ldlt / ;+:yftkm{ n]vfk/LIf0faf6 cf}FNofOPsf] cBfjlws a]?h" ?=# vj{ && cj{ $* s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . ut jif{ eGbf a]?h" @(=(# k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 .

    -?=nfvdf_

    qm=;+= ljj/0f utjif{;Dd o;jif{ 36/ yk

    cBfjlws a]?h" k]:sL cGo s'n a]?h"

    ! ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{no 2136679 723333 1033392 1826620 2860012 @ k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{no 0 1951 1077 874 1951 # :yfgLo tx 142460 217465 66040 293885 359925 $ lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, cGo ;+:yf

    / ;ldlt 626128 -73251 0 552877 552877

    hDdf 2905267 869498 1100509 2674256 3774765

    cBfjlws a]?h"sf] ljj/0f cg';"rL— !& / !* df pNn]v 5 .

  • kl/R5]b @M n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h"sf] l:ylt

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 6

    3. sf/afxL 6'ªuf] nufpg'kg]{ /sd – ;+3Lo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{no, :yfgLo tx, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, cGo ;ldlt / ;+:yftkm{sf] a]?h"sf cltl/Qm n]vfk/LIf0f aSof}tf, /fh:j aSof}tf, zf]wegf{ lng'kg]{ j}b]lzs cg'bfg tyf C0f /sdsf ;DaGwdf ;dodf g} sf/afxL u/L 6'Ëf] nufpg'kg]{ cBfjlws /sd ? # vj{ ^ ca{ !* s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . pSt /sd utjif{ eGbf $^=!! k|ltzt a9]sf] 5 .

    -?=nfvdf_ qm=;+= ljj/0f ut jif{;Dd o; jif{ yk . 36 cBfjlws /sd ! n]vfk/LIf0f aSof}tf 33807 214 34021 @ /fh:j aSof}tf 1611615 909686 2521301 # zf]wegf{ lng afFsL j}b]lzs cg'bfg 205814 1812 207626 $ zf]wegf{ lng afFsL j}b]lzs C0f 223781 54579 278360 % hdfgt a;L lbPsf] C0fsf] efvf gf3]sf] ;fFjf Aofh 20500 0 20500 hDdf 2095517 966291 3061808

    pQm /sddf cBfjlws a]?h" ?=# vj{ && cj{ $* s/f]8 yk ubf{ sf/afxL u/L 6'Ëf] nufpg'kg]{ cBfjlws /sd ?=^ vj{ *# cj{ ^^ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . utjif{ o:tf] /sd ?=% va{ * s/f]8 /x]sf] lyof] . ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf sf/afxL u/L 6'uf] nufpg'kg]{ /sd #^=&! k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 .

    4. a]?h" ljZn]if0f – ;+3Lo / k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{no, :yfgLo tx, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, ;+ul7t ;+:yf, cGo ;ldltsf] a]?h"sf] cj:yf lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5M

    4.1. of] jif{ ;+3Lo / k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{no, :yfgLo tx, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, ;+ul7t ;+:yf, cGo ;ldlt tyf ;+:yf;d]tsf] ?=%! vj{ ^) cj{ (@ s/f]8sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ePsf]dWo] ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{notkm{ ?=@) va{ * cj{ *$ s/f]8sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ubf{ k|f/lDes k|ltj]bgaf6 ?=! va{ !! ca{ @# s/f]8 a]?h" b]lvPsf] 5 . ;f]dWo] k|ltj]bg cjlw;Dd ?=$ ca{ *( s/f]8 -s'n a]?h"sf] $=#( k|ltzt_ ;Dk/LIf0f u/fPaf6 afFsL a]?h"sf ;DaGwdf a]?h" km5\of}{6sf] sf/afxL x'g cfly{s sfo{ljlw P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf !( -#_ sf] Joj:yfcg';f/ ;DalGwt n]vfpQ/bfoL clws[tnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] 5 . ;f]xL P]gsf] pko'{Qm bkmfsf] Joj:yfcg';f/ km5\of}{6 tyf ;Dk/LIf0f gu/fPsf] /sd;lxtsf] ljj/0f ;DalGwt ljefuLo dGqL / lgsfo k|d'vnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpFbf klg ?=! va{ ^ ca{ #$ s/f]8sf] a]?h" km5\of}{6 x'g afFsL /x]sf] 5 . o;;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0f cg';"rL !%, !^ / @! df ;dfj]z 5 .

    4.2. cfly{s sfo{ljlw P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf !* df a]?h" km5\of}{6 ug]{ bfloTj lhDd]jf/ JolQmsf] x'g] / a]?h" km5\of}{6 u/] gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf /]vb]v u/L k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd km5\of}{6 ug{ nufpg] bfloTj n]vfpQ/bfoL clws[tsf] x'g] Aoa:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf !( df cf}FNofOPsf] a]?h"sf] #% lbg jf Dofb yk ePsf]df ;f] Dofbleq km5\of}{6 ug]{ / km5\of}{6 gu/]df n]vfpQ/bfoL clws[t / ljefuLo dGqL jf /fHodGqLnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] pNn]v 5 . ;f]xL Joj:yfadf]lhdsf] k|lqmof k"/f ubf{ ;d]t @)&$.&% sf] a]?h" km5\of}{6 gePsfn] ;f] cjlwdf sfo{/t n]vfpQ/bfoL clws[tx?sf] gfdfjnL / a]?h" /sd cg';"rL @@ / @# df ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

    4.3. ;+3Lo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{no, :yfgLo tx, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, cGo ;ldlt tyf ;+:yf;d]tsf] of] jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0faf6 ?=! va{ $! ca{ % s/f]8 a]?h" b]lvPsf] 5 . of] jif{;Dd km5\of}{6 ug{ afFsL s'n a]?h" ?=# va{ && ca{ $* s/f]8sf] 5 . o;;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0f cg';"rL !%, !^, !& / @! df 5 .

    c;'n ug'{kg]{

    320352,30%

    lgoldt ug'{kg]{

    292542,28%

    k]ZsL

    450486,42%

    ;/sf/L sfof{nosf] j]?h" juL{s/0f-?=nfvdf_

  • kl/R5]b @M n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h"sf] l:ylt

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 7

    4.4. ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{notk{m of] jif{ /sdut cfwf/df a9L a]?h" x'g] dGqfno lgDgfg';f/ 5g\M

    -?= nfvdf_

    qm=;+= dGqfno n]vfk/LIf0f

    a]?h" cÍ s'n a]?h"sf] k|ltzt

    n]=k=cÍsf] t'ngfdf

    a]?h" k|ltzt c;'n ug'{kg{+]

    lgoldt ug'{kg{+

    k]:sL afFsL hDdf

    1. cy+ 10492322 254510 56451 4424 315385 29.66 3.01 2. ef}lts k"jf+wf/ tyf oftfoft 1352489 10791 30096 165790 206676 19.44 15.28 3. /Iff 689096 128 776 111473 112377 10.57 16.31 4. lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw 483548 412 69426 1589 71427 6.72 14.77 5. vfg]kfgL 268182 23874 17848 18718 60440 5.68 22.54 6. pmhf+, hn;|f]t tyf l; FrfO 810669 3859 22002 33211 59072 5.56 7.29 7. zx/L lasf; 305590 1185 2986 52201 56372 5.30 18.45 8. ;F\3Lo dfldnf tyf ;fdfGo

    k|zf;g 631392 3685 23817 14097 41599 3.91 6.59 9. k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf]

    sfof+no 1565309 1344 12568 23414 37326 3.51 2.38 10. e"ld Joj:yf, ;xsf/L tyf ul/jL

    lgjf/0f 457347 1858 21251 163 23272 2.19 5.09 11. cGo 3032457 18707 35321 25405 79433 7.47 2.62 hDDff 20088403 320352 292542 450486 1063380 100.00 5.29

    plNnlvt bz dGqfnodf ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{notk{msf] s'n a]?h"sf] (@=%# k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .

    4.5. of] jif{ $ xhf/ *$! ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{nosf] n]vfk/LIf0f u/]sf]df ! xhf/ *%$ sfof{no -#*=@( k||ltzt_ df nutL a]?h" b]lvPg .

  • kl/R5]b @M n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h"sf] l:ylt

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 8

    4.6. of] jif{ # xhf/ *&* ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{no, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx Pj+ lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] (& xhf/ &% bkmf a]?h" b]lvPsf]df %( xhf/ $^( bkmf ;}4flGts / #& xhf/ ^)^ bkmf nutL a]?h" sfod ePsf] 5 .

    4.7. ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{notk{m of] jif{ n]vfk/LIf0faf6 c;'n ug'{kg]{ b]lvPsf] ?=## ca{ *@ s/f]8 $! nfvdWo] @* lgsfocGtu{tsf sfof{non] n]vfk/LIf0fsf] qmddf ?=%^ s/f]8 %^ nfv / k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg k7fPkl5 @! lgsfocGtu{tsf sfof{non] ?=! cj{ @@ s/f]8 #@ nfv tyf ut ljutsf] a]?h" ;Dk/LIf0fsf] qmddf @# lgsfo dftxtsf sfof{non] ?=^ ca{ (% s/f]8 %! nfv ;d]t ?=* ca{ &$ s/f]8 #( nfv / cGo lgsfoaf6 c;'n ePsf] ?=!) s/f]8 $$ nfv ;d]t s'n ?=* ca{ *$ s/f]8 *# nfv c;'n ePsf] 5 . of] jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0faf6 c;'n ug{ afFsL b]lvPsf] ?=#@ ca{ # s/f]8 %@ nfvdWo] !) dGqfno/lgsfosf] ?=#! ca{ ^$ s/f]8 $% nfv -(*=&* k|ltzt_ / afFsL dGqfno÷lgsfosf] ?=#( s/f]8 & nfv -!=@@ k|ltzt_ b]lvPsf] 5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL ( df 5 .

    4.8. ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{notk{m ut jif{;Ddsf] k]:sL ?=*@ ca{ $ s/f]8 @ nfv afFsL /x]sf]dWo] ?=@# ca{ &$ s/f]8 (^ nfv -@*=(% k|ltzt_ km5\of}{6 eO{ ?=%* ca{ @( s/f]8 ^ nfv afFsL /x]sf] / ;f]df of] jif{ yk ePsf] ?=$% ca{ $ s/f]8 *^ nfv;d]t s'n k]:sL ?=! vj{ # ca{ ## s/f]8 (@ nfv afFsL /x]sf] 5 . ;f]dWo] sd{rf/L ?=! ca{ #^ s/f]8 ! nfv -!=#@ k|ltzt_ df]lanfOh];g ?=%$ ca{ !@ s/f]8 ^) nfv -%@=#& k|ltzt_, k|tLtkq ?=!% ca{ # s/f]8 ^( nfv -!$=%% k|ltzt_ / cGo k]:sL ?=#@ ca{ *! s/f]8 ^@ nfv -#!=&^ k|ltzt_ /x]sf] 5 . k]:sL afFsLsf] cBfjlws ljj/0f cg';"rL * df 5 . To:t} ;ldlt, cGo ;+:yftkm{ of] jif{sf] ?=@ ca{ !@ s/f]8 !! nfv k]:sL afFsL b]lvPsf] 5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL * df 5 .

  • 9 dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] krkGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&$

    kl/R5]b — #

    n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf ;du| Joxf]/f

    1. n]vfk/LIf0f aSof}tf – cfly{s sfo{ljlw P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf !$ df dxfn]vfk/LIfsn] tf]s]sf] Dofbleq n]vf / cfly{s ljj/0f bflvnf ug'{kg]{, tbg';f/ bflvnf gug]{ lhDd]jf/ JolQmnfO{ hl/afgf / ljefuLo sf/afxL;d]t ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf 5 . ;/sf/L sfof{no, lqe'jg ljZjljBfno, ;+ul7t ;+:yf, ;ldlt tyf cGo ;+:yfn] sfg'gn] tf]s]sf] ;dodf n]vf tyf cfly{s ljj/0f bflvnf gu/]sf]n] n]vfk/LIf0f aSof}tf /x]sf] 5 . o; ;DaGwdf b]lvPsf k|d'v Joxf]/f b]xfocg';f/ 5g\M

    1.1 ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{notk{m ut jif{;Dd @ xhf/ *(( OsfO{sf] ?=# ca{ #* s/f]8 & nfv n]vfk/LIf0f aSof}tf /x]sf]df of] jif{ s'g}klg lgsfon] n]vfk/LIf0f u/fPsf 5}gg\ . of] jif{ ! dGqfnosf] ?=@ s/f]8 !$ nfv yk eO{ ?=# ca{ $) s/f]8 @! nfv afFsL /x]sf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] aSof}tfsf] n]vf k]; u/L n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg lgb]{zg lbP klg n]vfk/LIf0f u/fPsf] 5}g . sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL u/L n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg'kb{5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL # df 5 .

    1.2 ut jif{;Dd * ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] $# cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f aSof}tf /x]sf]df of] jif{ & ;+:yfsf] ## cfly{s jif{sf] afFsL /x]sf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vn] rf;f] g/fv]sf] sf/0f n]vfk/LIf0f aSof}tf a9]sf] 5 .

    1.3 o; jif{ ^ :yfgLo txn] ?=! ca{ ^& s/f]8 %) nfvsf] n]vfk/LIf0f u/fPsf 5}g .

    2. /fh:j aSof}tf – ut jif{;Dd /fh:j aSof}tf ?=! va{ ^! ca{ !^ s/f]8 /x]sf]df of] jif{ %^=$% k|ltzt j[l4 eO{ ?=@ va{ %@ ca{ !# s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . aSof}tf /sddWo] cy{ dGqfnosf] (%=)@ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . of] jif{sf] d"No clej[l4 s/tkm{ aSof}tfsf] nut sfod u/L cfly{s ljj/0fdf gb]vfPsf]n] /fh:j aSof}tf /sd olsg x'g ;s]g . k|rlnt sfg'gcg';f/ bflvnf ug'{kg{] /fh:j lglZrt ;doleq bflvnf gug]{ JolQmsf] sf/f]af/ Pj+ rn crn ;DklQ /f]Ssf u/L c;'n ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf eP tfklg sfof{nox?n] sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL gu/]sf]n] /fh:j aSof}tfdf j[l4 ePsf] 5 . lgsfout /fh:j aSof}tfsf] ljj/0f cg';"rL !) df 5 .

    3. e'QmfgLdf s/ s§L — cfos/ P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf *&, ** / *( cg';f/ s/of]Uo /sd e'QmfgL ubf{s} cj:yfdf clu|d s/ s§L ug'{kg{]df @% lgsfocGtu{tsf $(# sfof{non] ?=!) s/f]8 @# nfv clu|d s/ s§f gu/L e'QmfgL u/]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L ;+ul7t ;+:yf, ;ldlt / cGo ;+:yf !)! n] ?=@ s/f]8 %% nfv s§f gu/]sf] ;d]t ?=!@ s/f]8 &* nfv 5'6 s/ /sd Aofh;lxt c;'n x'g'kb{5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL !@ df 5 .

    4. k|fljlws tyf cGo ;xfotf – ah]6 jQmJo;fy Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf k]; ePsf]] k|fljlws tyf cGo ;xfotf;DaGwL ljj/0fdf ;+3Lo ;/sf/sf @% dGqfno/lgsfo cGtu{t !$! ;Demf}tfdf of] jif{ ?=@% ca{ @ s/f]8 #% nfv k|fljlws ;xfotf k|fKt x'g] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s sfo{ljlw P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf !$-@_ cg';f/ k|fljlws ;xfotf;DaGwL ljj/0f s]Gb|Lo cfly{s ljj/0fdf ;dfj]z ug{'{kg]{df gu/]sf]n] ;/sf/sf] ;du| cfo–Joosf] lrq0f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltaf6 k|fljlws ;xfotfsf] n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg lgb]{zg lbPsf] eP tfklg tL ;xfotfsf] cfly{s ljj/0f Pj+ ;|]:tf k]; u/L n]vfk/LIf0f u/fPsf] 5}g . of] jif{ cGo ;xfotf ?=$ cj{ ## s/f]8 &@ nfv k|fKt ePsf]df ;f] /sd ah]6df ;dfj]z u/L n]vfk/LIf0f u/fPsf] 5}g . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL !! df 5 .

    5. sf]if ;~rfng – ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{notk{m @! lgsfocGtu{t ;~rfngdf /x]sf sf]ifx?df ut jif{sf] lhDd]jf/L ?=! vj{ !# ca{ #% s/f]8 / of] jif{sf] cfDbfgL ?=@ va{ ^) ca{ () s/f]8;d]t ?=# va{ &$ ca{ @% s/f]8 dWo] ?=@ va{ ^$ ca{ *! s/f]8 vr{ eO{ ?=! ca{ ( s/f]8 $% nfv afFsL

  • kl/R5]b #M n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h"sf] l:ylt

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}+ jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 10

    /x]sf] 5 . o; ;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';f/ !( df 5 . o:tf sf]ifdf g]kfnL ;]gf sNof0fsf/L sf]if, g]kfn k|x/L sNof0fsf/L sf]if, ;z:q k|x/L an sNof0fsf/L sf]if, kqsf/ sNof0f sf]if, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f sf]if, jg ljsf; tyf 3f6u2L sf]if, 5fq lzIff sf]if, lhNnf lzIff sf]if, zflGt sf]if nufot 5g\ .

    lglZrt p2]Zo /fvL sf]if :yfkgf u/L /sd hDdf u/]tfklg sfo{ljlw agfO{ sfof{Gjog gugf{n] ;f+;b ljsf; sf]if, zflGt sf]if, k|ljlw ljsf; sf]if, gofF lgdf{0f sf]if, 5fqf lzIff sf]if / ;"rgf ljefu sfo{ ;~rfng sf]ifdf ?=%# s/f]8 @* nfv ljut jif{b]lv g} lgliqmo /x]sf] 5 . cy{ dGqfnoaf6 @)^%.$.#) df s'g} klg lgsfocGt{ut sfo{ ;~rfng sf]if /x]sf] eP aGb u/L ljlgof]hg P]gadf]lhd vr{ ug]{ lg0{fo ePklg xfn;Dd klg o:tf sf]ifx? ;~rfngdf g} /x]sf 5g\ .

    6. cfof]hgf lx;fa – g]kfn ;/sf/ / bft[ /fi6«/lgsfoaLr ePsf] ;Demf}tfcg';f/ of] jif{ ^* cfof]hgfsf] cfof]hgf lx;fasf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg lbg'kg]{df k]; x'g cfPsf %@ cfof]hgfsf] cfof]hgf lx;fa k|dfl0ft u/L n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg;lxt pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 . cfof]hgf lx;fa ;DaGwdf /fo;lxtsf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg pknAw u/fOPsf] dWo] Pl;ofnL ljsf; a}}stk{m @!, ljZj a}Í, cGt/f{li6«o ljsf; ;+:yftk{m @@ / cGo bft[/fi6«/lgsfotk{m ( /x]sf] 5 . cfof]hgf !^ n] cfof]hgf lx;fa k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu k]; u/]sf 5}gg\ . ;dod} cfof]hgf lx;fa k]z ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg'kb{5 .

    7. 7]Ssf Joj:yfkg – cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgodfjnL, @)^$ adf]lhd 7]Ssfk§f :jLs[t ug]{ sfo{ k|yd rf}dfl;s cjlwdf ul/;Sg'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . of] jif{ zx/L ljsf;, ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf ;fdfGo k|zf;g, pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;FrfO, ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft, u[x, vfg]kfgL / lzIff tyf lj1fg k|ljlw dGqfnocGtu{t ? %$ ca{ %& s/f]8 @) nfvsf] @ xhf/ %* 7]Ssf aGbf]a:t u/]sf]dWo] ?=%) ca{ ^* s/f]8 *@ nfvsf] ! xhf/ &(% 7]Ssf bf];|f] / t];|f] rf}dfl;sdf aGbf]a:t u/]sf] kfOof] . t];|f] rf}dfl;sdf u/]sf] 7]Ssf aGbf]a:tdWo] ?=!( ca{ @* s/f]8 # nfvsf] !(# 7]Ssf cfiff9 dlxgfsf] /x]sf]] 5 .

    8. ;f]em} vl/b — ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf * -@_ df vl/b ubf{ k|lt:kwf{ ;Lldt x'g] u/L 6'qmf6'qmf kf/L vl/b sfo{ ug{ gx'g] Joj:yf 5 . of] jif{ zx/L ljsf;, pmhf{ hn;|f]t tyf l;FrfO, vfg]kfgL, ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft, ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno / lzIff lj1fg k|ljlw dGqfnocGtu{tsf !!^ sfof{non] ;+/rgf lgdf{0f / dfn;fdfg vl/b sfo{nfO{ ljleGg 6'qmfdf ljefhg u/L ?=@ ca{ % s/f]8 $% nfvsf] sfo{ k|lt:kwf{a]u/ ;f]em} vl/b u/]sf] kfOof] . P]g ljk/Lt k|lt:kwf{ ;Lldt x'g] u/L vl/b sfo{ u/fpg' x'Fb}g .

    9. k/fdz{ ;]jf – sfof{nosf] df}h'bf hgzlQmaf6 ug{ ;lsg] sfo{;d]t k/fdz{bftfaf6 u/fPsf] 5 . of] jif{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft, zx/L ljsf;, pmhf{ hn;|f]t tyf l;FrfO, vfg]kfgL / ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno / dftxtsf OsfO{n] ?=# ca{ $! nfv k/fdz{ ;]jf lnO{ vr{ u/]sf 5g\ . ljefuLo hgzlQmaf6 u/fpg ;lsg] sfddf ;d]t k/fdz{bftf /fvL vr{ u/]sf]n] cfof]hgfsf] nfut a9\g uPsf] 5 . cTofjZos ;]jfafx]s ljefuLo hgzlQm kl/rfng u/]/ k/fdz{bftfsf] vr{df lgoGq0f ug'{kb{5 .

    10. slG6Gh]G;L vr{ – ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL, @)^$ sf] lgod !)-&_ df lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfgdf js{ rfh{ :6fkm vr{ @=% k|ltzt / ;fgfltgf cGo vr{sf] nflu @=% k|ltzt;Dd ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf 5 . sG6]Gh]G;L vr{ ug]{ :ki6 gLlt to gePsf] cj:yfdf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft, pmhf{ hn;|f]t tyf l;FrfO, vfg]kfgL, zx/L ljsf; / ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnonfuot ^ dGqfno dftxtsf] lgsfon] of] jif{ ? ! ca{ #@ s/f]8 $( nfv vr{ n]v]sf 5g\ . sG6]Gh]G;Laf6 vr{ lgoGq0f ug]{tkm{ k|efjsf/L sbd rfNg'kb{5 .

    11. Dofb yk – ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g @)^# sf] bkmf %^ df sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt, ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] pknAw u/fpg'kg]{ s'/f pknAw u/fpg g;s]df jf cGo dgfl;j sf/0faf6 vl/b ;Def}tfsf] cjlw ga9fO{ gx'g] ePdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf 5 . of] jif{ zx/L ljsf;, pmhf{ hn;|f]t tyf l;FrfO, vfg]kfgLnufotsf $ dGqfno cGtu{tsf lgsfosf Dofb yk ePsf &^& 7]Ssfsf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ #)% 7]Ssfdf z'? ;Demf}tfsf] %) k|ltzt;Dd, @&% 7]Ssfdf z'? ;Demf}tfsf]

  • kl/R5]b #M n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h"sf] l:ylt

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}+ jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 11

    %! b]lv !)) k|ltzt;Dd / !*& 7]Ssfdf ;'? ;Demf}tfsf] ztk|ltzteGbf a9L Dofb yk u/]sf] kfOof] . 7]Ssfsf] Dofb yk ubf{ ykx'g] Jooef/ / ;]jfu|fxLn] ;dodf ;]jf ;'ljwf gkfPsf] ;DaGwdf kof{Kt ljZn]if0f ug]{ u/]sf] kfOPg .

    12. /fli6«o uf}/jsf cfof]hgf – d'n'ssf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; tyf hgtfnfO{ ;]jf ;'ljwf lj:tf/ ug{ pRr k|fyldstfdf /fvL sfof{Gjog ul/Psf /fli6«o uf}/jsf cfof]hgfsf] @)&$.&% ;Ddsf] vr{ / k|ult l:ylt lgDgfg';f/ 5M

    -?=s/f]8df_

    l;=g cfof]hgfsf] gfd z'? jif{ ;DkGg x'g] jif{ s'n nfut cg'dfg

    xfn;Ddsf] vr{

    ef}lts k|ult k|ltzt

    1 d]nDrL vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf 2058/59 2074/75 3554 2520 96

    2 dflyNnf] tfdfsf]zL cfof]hgf 2067/68 2074/75 4929 4474 98.7

    3 k'iknfn -dWokxf8L_ nf]sdfu{ cfof]hgf 2064/65 2077/78 8014 2689 45

    4 a'9Lu08sL hnljB't cfof]hgf 2069/70 2082/83 27819 3395 11

    5 uf}tda'4 cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn 2070/71 2075/76 3041 1195 50

    ^ /fgLhd/f s'nl/of l;+rfO{ cfof]hgf 2066/67 2080/81 2770 1047 40

    7 l;S6f l;+rfO{ cfof]hgf 2059/60 2076/77 2502 1447 57

    8 aaO{ l;+rfO{ cfof]hgf 2044/45 2078/79 1269 633 59.5

    9 e]/L aaO{ 8fOe;{g ax'pb]ZoLo cfof]hgf 2068/69 2078/79 3361 698 35

    10 klZrd ;]tL hnljB't cfof]hgf - - - - -

    11 kz'klt If]q ljsf; sf]if 2057/58 2073/74 203 k|fKt gePsf] 40.2

    12 n'lDagL If]q ljsf; sf]if 2066/67 - 610 374 80

    13 kf]v/f If]qLo cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn 2071/72 2077/78 2160 439 15

    14 bf];|f] cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn, lghu9 2071/72 2078/79 12000 30 0.25*

    15 sf7df8f}F t/fO{ dw]z kmfi6 6 \ofs 2064/65 2077/89 25000 1171 4.68*

    16 /]Nj] tyf d]6\f] ljsf; cfof]hgf 2066/67 gv'Ng] 7097 787 13.7

    17 pQ/ blIf0f nf]sdfu{, s0ff{nL 2064/65 2079/80 410 100 12

    18 pQ/ blIf0f nf]sdfu{, sf]zL 2065/66 2077/78 1620 245 35

    19 pQ/ blIf0f nf]sdfu{, sfnL u08sL 2066/67 2077/78 2212 394 10

    20 x'nfsL nf]sdfu{ cfof]hgf 2063/64 2077/78 6520 2052 25

    21 /fi6«klt r'/]–t/fO{ ;+/If0f ljsf; ;ldlt 2067/68 - 196 - -

    22 uN5L–lqz'nL–d}n'ª–:ofk|'mj]+;L–/;'jfu9L ;8s - @ jif{ 950 172 18.11

    * ef}lts k|ult pknAw gePsf]n] ljQLo k|ult ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

    plNnlvt tflnsfcg';f/ /fli6«o uf}/jsf cfof]hgfsf] ef}lts k|ult ldl>t b]lvPsf] 5 . klZrd ;]tL hnljB't cfof]hgfsf] sfd z'? gePsf] Pj+ bf];|f] cGt/fli6\o ljdfg:yn lghu9, sf7df8f}F t/fO{ dw]z kmfi6 6 \ofs, a'9Lu08sL hnljB't cfof]hgf, pQ/ blIf0f nf]sdfu{ sfnL u08sL / s0ff{nLsf] ;du| ef}lts k|ult !% k|ltzteGbf Go"g /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

    sfof{Gjog Ifdtfsf] cefj, sdhf]/ 7]Ssf Joj:yfkg, hUuf k|flKt / ?v s6fgdf ;d:of Pj+ l9nfO, cGt/ lgsfo ;dGjosf] sdL, pks/0f 9'jfgLdf sl7gfO, sltko cfof]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog 9fFrf lgwf{/0f, lj:t[t ;DefJotf cWoog / lj:t[t kl/of]hgf k|ltj]bg tof/ gePsf] nufotsf sf/0f oL cfof]hgf lgwf{l/t ;dodf ;DkGg x'g g;sL ;do / nfut b'j} j[l4 x'g] b]lvG5 .

    13. ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0f – of] jif{ $# ;+:yfsf] aSof}tf;d]t &* cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug'{kg]{df #^ ;+:yfsf] %$ cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;DkGg #^ dWo] $% cfly{s jif{sf] clGtd k|ltj]bg hf/L eO{ & ;+:yfsf] ## cfly{s jif{sf] afFsL /x]sf] 5 . ;dodf n]vfk/LIf0f gu/fpg] ;+:yf / kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ lhDd]jf/ agfO{ cfjZos sf/afxL x'g'kb{5 .

    14. ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;~rfng glthf – n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ul/Psf ;+ul7t ;+:yf, ;ldlt / cGo ;+:yfdWo] Jofj;flos n]vf /fvL jf;nft tof/ ug]{ (! ;+:yf, ;ldlt / cGo ;+:yfsf] ljQLo l:ylt o; k|ltj]bgdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf]df ^! ;+:yf, ;ldlt / cGo ;+:yfsf] s'n ;~rfng d'gfkmf ?=(% ca{

  • kl/R5]b #M n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h"sf] l:ylt

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}+ jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 12

    %% s/f]8 ^& nfv / #) ;+:yfsf] s'n ;~rfng gf]S;fgL ?=& ca{ ! s/f]8 %& nfv /xsf] 5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL ^ df pNn]v 5 .

    o:t} Jofj;flos n]vf g/fvL cfo–Joo lx;fa dfq} tof/ ug]{ ;+ul7t ;+:yf, ;ldlt / cGo ;+:yf %% sf] ;~rfng art ?=^ ca{ &% s/f]8 (& nfv / #* ;+:yfsf] ;~rfng gf]S;fgL ?=@ cj{ &) s/f]8 !) nfv /x]sf] 5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL & df pNn]v 5 .

    15. n]vfk/LIfs lgo'lQmdf k/fdz{ – n]vfk/LIf0f P]g, @)&% sf] bkmf !!-@_ cg';f/ ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] n]vfk/LIfs lgo'lQm ubf{ dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] k/fdz{ lng' kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . n]vfk/LIfs lgo'lQm ubf{ k/fdz{ dfu ug'{kg]{ ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;+Vof olsg 5}g . of] jif{ #) ;+:yfn] $! cfly{s jif{sf] dfq n]vfk/LIfs lgo'lQm ug{ k/fdz{ dfu u/]sf 5g\ . ;dod} k/fdz{ dfu u/L n]vfk/LIf0f cBfjlws gu/fpg] ;+:yfsf ;DalGwtnfO{ lhDd]jf/ agfpg'kb{5 .

  • v08 – !

    ;+3Lo dGqfno tyf lgsfo

  • dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 13

    ;+3Lo ;+;b ;lrjfno

    g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] efu * wf/f *# df b'O{ ;bg ;lxtsf] Ps ;+3Lo Joj:yflksf /xg] h;nfO{

    ;+3Lo ;+;b elgg] pNn]v 5 . /fHo ;+rfngsf qmddf cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] k]z u/]sf]

    ljw]osx?pk/ ;bgdf 5nkmn u/L sfg'g lgdf{0f ug{' ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] d'Vo sfo{ xf] . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f *$ df

    @&% ;b:o /xg] k|ltlglw ;ef / wf/f *^ df %( ;b:o /xg] /fli6«o ;ef u7g ;DjGwL Joj:yf 5 . k|ltlglw

    ;ef lgodfjnL, @)&% sf] lgod !&) / /fli6«o ;ef lgodfjnL, @)&% sf] lgod !$( cg';f/ k|ltlglw

    ;efdf !), /fli6«o ;efdf $ / b'j} ;bgsf] ;+o'Qm?kdf @ u/L !^ ljifout ;ldlt /x]sf 5g\ . of] jif{

    k|ltlglw ;efdf $( ljw]os btf{ ePsf]dWo] @* kfl/t ePsf 5g\ eg] /fli6«o ;efjf6 ( ljw]os kfl/t ePsf

    5g\ .

    ;+;bsf] sfd sf/jfxL ;'rf??kn] ;~rfng ug{ Joj:yflksf ;+;b ;lrjfno;DaGwL P]g, @)^$

    cg';f/ Joj:yflksf ;+;b ;lrjfnosf] :yfkgf eO{ xfn ;+3Lo ;+;b ;lrjfnodf ?kfGt/0f ePsf] 5 .

    ;lrjfnodf ljleGg bhf{sf u/L $%! hgfsf] b/aGbL /x]sf] 5 .

    ;lrjfnosf] of] jif{ ljlgof]hg ?=! cj{ & s/f]8 ^* nfv @! xhf/, /fh:Jf ?=%@ nfv $( xhf/,

    w/f}6L ?=! s/f]8 ( nfv &% xhf/ / cGo sf/f]af/ ?=% s/f]8 ^ nfv $& xhf/ ;d]t ?=! ca{ !$ s/f]8 #^

    nfv (@ xhf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f] sf/f]jf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf k|d'v Joxf]/f

    lgDgfg';f/ 5g\ M

    != k|f]T;fxg eQf – cfly{s sfo{ljwL lgodfjnL, @)^$ sf] lgod !@# df s'g} klg sfof{non] yk ;'ljwf

    j[l4 u/L cfly{s bfloTj kg]{ lg0f{o ubf{ cy{ dGqfnosf] k"j{ ;xdlt lng'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . cy{

    dGqfnon] ;lrjfnosf sd{rf/LnfO{ @)&$.!).& ;Ddsf] k|f]T;fxg eQf ljt/0f ug{ ;xdlt k|bfg

    u/]sf]df ;lrjfnon] cy{ dGqfnosf] ;xdlt a]u/ @)&$.!).* b]lv @)&% cfiff9 d;fGt;Ddsf]

    k|f]T;fxg eQf ?=# s/f]8 ^( nfv !& xhf/ pknJw u/fPsf] 5 . o;/L lgod ljkl/t pknJw

    u/fPsf] k|f]T;fxg eQf ;DjlGwtaf6 c;'n ug'{kb{5 .

    @= vl/b – ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL, @)^$ sf] lgod #! Dff ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] ?=@) nfveGbf a9L

    nfut cg'dfg ePsf] vl/b sfo{ af]nkqsf] dfWodaf6 ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . ;lrjfnon] of] jif{ ?=@

    s/f]8 (& nfvsf] dfn;fdfg vl/b tyf ljleGg dd{t sfo{ af]nkq cfx\jfg gu/L l;w} vl/b u/]sf]

    b]lvof] . lgodfjnLdf ePsf] Joj:yfsf] kfngf u/L vl/b sfo{ ug'{kb{5 .

    a]?h" l:ylt – ;+3Lo ;+;b ;lrjfnosf] of] jif{ ?=& s/f]8 $) nfv () xhf/ a]?h" b]lvPsf]df km5\of}{6 x'g ;Sg] k|ltlqmof tyf k|df0f k|fKt gePsf]n] afFsL /x]sf] 5 . ;f]dWo] ?=#& nfv # xhf/ k]ZsL afFsL /x]sf]

    5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL–!% df 5 .

  • 14 dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&%

    ;jf]{Rr cbfnt

    g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] efu !! wf/f !@* df ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] Joj:yf ePsf] 5 .;jf]{Rr cbfntdf

    k|wfgGofofwLzsf cltl/Qm a9Ldf @) hgf cGo GofofwLz /xg] / ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df

    k|wfgGofofwLzsf] / Gofo kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf cGo GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQm /fi6«kltjf6 x'g] Joj:yf 5 .

    ;jf]{Rr cbfnt clen]v cbfnt x'g] / ;+ljwfgdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df jfx]s ;j} cbfnt / Goflos

    lgsfox? ;jf]{Rr cbfnt dftxt /xg] Joj:yf 5 . ;+ljwfg / sfg'gsf] JofVof ug]{ clGtd clwsf/ ;jf]{Rr

    cbfntsf] x'g] tyf ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] cfˆgf] clwsf/ If]qleq kg]{ cbfnt / Goflos lgsfosf] lg/LIf0f Pj+

    ;'kl/j]If0f ug{ / cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg] Pj+ cfkm\gf] / dftxt cbfnt jf Goflos lgsfosf] cjx]ngfdf

    sf/afxL rnfO{ sfg'gadf]lhd ;hfo;d]t ug{;Sg] Joj:yf 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf # txsf] cbfnt x'g]

    Joj:yfcg'?k ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, pRr cbfnt, ljz]if cbfnt, lhNnf cbfnt;d]t !)& lgsfo /x]sf 5g\ .

    ;jf]{Rr cbfnt / dftxt lgsfosf] of] jif{ ljlgof]hg ?= % cj{ !! s/f]8 &^ nfv && xhf/, /fh:j

    ?=(* s/f]8 *! nfv %@ xhf/, w/f}6L ?=^ cj{ ** s/f]8 %& nfv $& xhf/;d]t ?=!@ ca{ (( s/f]8 !%

    nfv &^ xhf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f] sf/f]af/sf] n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf pNNf]Vo Joxf]/f

    lgDgfg';f/ 5g\ M

    != b/aGbL / kbk"lt{ – ;jf]{Rr cbfnt;d]t # txsf cbfntdf b]xfocg';f/ GofofwLz tyf cGo

    sd{rf/L;lxt ljleGg txsf % xhf/ #%^ b/aGbL /x]sf]df # xhf/ *^* k"lt{ eO{ ! xhf/ $** kb

    l/Qm /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

    qm=;= ljj/0f ;jf]{Rr

    cbfnt

    pRr

    cbfnt

    lhNnf

    cbfnt

    hDdf

    1

    GofofwLz

    b/aGbL 21 160 240 421

    2 kbk"lt{ 16 146 235 397

    3 l/Qm 5 14 5 24

    4

    cGo sd{rf/L

    b/aGbL 472 941 3525 4938

    5 kbk"lt{ 324 674 2498 3496

    6 l/Qm 148 267 1027 1442

    @= d'2fsf] ljj/0f – of] jif{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf ut jif{sf] lhDd]jf/L ;d]t d'2f, l/6, k|ltj]bgnufot !@

    lsl;dsf #@ xhf/ &!& d'2fdWo] !@ xhf/ $!( km5\of}{6 eO{ @) xhf/ @(* d'2f km5\of}{6 ug{ afFsL

    /x]sf] 5 .

    #= ;jf/L ;'ljwf – ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf GofofwLzx?sf] kfl/>lds, ;]jf zt{ / ;'ljwf;DaGwL P]g, @)&$

    sf] bkmf &-%_df k|wfg GofofwLznfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] ;jf/L;fwgsf] ;'ljwf lghsf] sfo{sfn ;dfKt

    ePsf] & lbg;Dd dfq kfpg] Joj:yf 5 . ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf &-^__ cg';f/ cjsf; k|fKt GofofwLzn]

    cfkm}n] vl/b u/L n}hfg rfx]df ;f] ;jf/L;fwgsf] lstfaL d"No lnO{ x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;lsg] pNNf]v 5 .

    ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 @)&$.!@.! df cjsfz k|fKt Ps k|wfg GofofwLzn] k|of]u u/]sf] ?=! s/f]8 @(

    nfv ^) xhf/ d"Nosf] ;jf/L;fwg xfn;Dd lkmtf{ ePsf] b]lvPg . ;jf/L;fwgsf] lstfaL d"No lnO{

    x:tfGt/0f ;d]t gePsf]n] P]gsf] Joj:yf kfngf x'g'kb{5 . ut jif{sf] k|ltj]bgdf ;d]t k"j{

    k|wfgGofofwLzn] nu]sf] ;jf/L;fwg lkmtf{ gePsf] Joxf]/f pNn]v u/]sf]df sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5}g .

  • ;jf]{Rr cbfnt

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 15

    $= vr{ zLif{s – cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgodfjnL, @)^$ sf] lgod #%df sfof{non] :jLs[t ah]6af6 vr{

    ubf{ /sd :jLs[t ah]6leq / ;DalGwt vr{ zLif{sdf kb{5 / vr{ ug{ jf+sL ePdf dfq clwsf/ k|fKt

    clwsf/Ln] vr{ ug{ / vr{ ug]{ lgsf;f lbg'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . cbfntn] o; jif{ !) kbflwsf/L / !&

    sd{rf/LnfO{ tna vr{ zLif{saf6 j}b]lzs e|d0fsf nflu lbPsf] k]:sL ?=! s/f]8 % nfv !^ xhf/

    n]vfk/LIf0f cjlw;Dd klg km5\of}{6 ePsf] b]lvPg . /sdfGt/ :jLs[t gu/fO{ zLif{s km/s kf/L u/]sf]

    vr{ lgod ;Ddt b]lvPg . lgodfjnLsf] kfngf u/L jh]6 vr{ ug'{kb{5 .

    a]?h" l:ylt – ;jf]{Rr cbfnt / dftxt ;d]t &@ lgsfodf of] jif{ ?=^ s/f]8 # nfv !* xhf/ a]?h" b]lvPsf]df k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg pknJw u/fPkl5 !) lgsfon] ?=&@ nfv ^@ xhf/ km5\of}{6 u/]sf]n] ?=%

    s/f]8 #) nfv %^ xhf/ jf+sL /x]sf] 5 . ;f] dWo] ?=! s/f]8 ^! nfv ^# xhf/ k]ZsL jf+sL /x]sf] 5 . o;

    ;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL–!% df 5 .

  • 16 dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&%

    clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u

    g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] efu @! wf/f @#* df clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] Joj:yf 5 .

    cfof]udf k|d'v cfo'Qm / cGo rf/hgf cfo'Qm /xg] / ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df k|d'v cfo'Qm /

    cfo'Qmx?sf] lgo'lQm /fi6«kltaf6 x'g] Joj:yf 5 . wf/f @#( df ePsf] Joj:yfcg';f/ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f

    u/]sf] s'g} JolQmn] e|i6frf/ u/L clVtof/sf] b'?kof]u u/]sf] ;DaGwdf sfg"g adf]lhd cg';Gwfg, txlssft

    Pj+ cleof]hg u/L cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ug]{ sfd cfof]uaf6 x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . cfof]usf] s]Gb|Lo / dftxtsf !)

    sfof{nodf ljleGg ;]jf, ;d"x / >]0fLsf (!^ sd{rf/Lsf] b/aGbL /x]sf] 5 .

    cfof]u / dftxt sfof{nosf] of] jif{ ljlgof]]hg ?=*% s/f]8 ^# nfv ( xhf/, /fh:j ?=^* nfv %

    xhf/ / w/f}6L ?=^ s/f]8 ^! nfv &( xhf/ ;d]t ?= (@ s/f]8 (@ nfv (# xhf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg

    ePsf] 5 . ;f] sf/f]af/sf] n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf pNn]Vo Joxf]/f lgDgfg';f/ 5g\M

    != ph'/L btf{ Pj+ km5\of}{6 – cfof]un] k|fKt x'g cfPsf ph'/Lx? pk/ 5fglag u/L km5\of]{{6 ug'{kb{5 .

    cfof]u / dftxt sfof{noaf6 ut jif{sf] lhDd]jf/L / o; jif{ btf{ ePsf] ;d]t !( xhf/ $**

    ph'/LdWo] o; jif{ !@ xhf/ $)) km5\of}{6 u/L & xhf/ ** cfufdL jif{nfO{ lhDd]jf/L ;f/]sf] 5 .

    @= e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f – cfof]u :yfkgf sfnb]lv g} e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f tyf ;'zf;g k|j4{gsf sfo{x?nfO{

    lg/Gt/tf lbFb} ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf cGo j]lyltpk/ 5fgljg u/L cg';Gwfgsf] bfo/fdf Nofpg] /

    :j]R5frf/L 9Ën] clwsf/sf] b'?kof]u ug]{] pk/sf] lgu/fgL, va/bf/L / sf/afxLnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg]

    sfo{df ;lqmo /xFb} cfPsf] 5 . cfof]un] ;+:yfut /0fgLlt -;g\ @)!$–@)!(_ tof/ u/L To;sf]

    dWofjlw d"Nof+Íg klg u/fPsf] 5 . cfof]un] ;lqmotfsf ;fy /+u]xft kqmfp, ph'/Lsf] k|f/lDes

    5fglag / lj:t[t cg';Gwfg kZrft\ cbfntdf d'2f bfo/nufotsf e|i6frf/ lgoGq0fsf ljljw

    k|sf/sf /0fgLlt cjnDag u/] tfklg ck]lIft ?kdf e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f x'g;s]sf] 5}g . 6«fG;k/]G:fL

    OG6/g]zgn g]kfnn] tof/ u/]sf] k|ltj]bg cg';f/ e|i6frf/ lgoGq0fdf g]kfnsf] :yfg ;g\ @)!& df

    !@@ cf}+ / @)!* df !@$ cf}F :yfgdf /x]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . t;y{ cfof]un] 7f]; ?kdf e|i6frf/

    lgoGq0fsf] k|j4{gfTds, k|lt/f]wfTds Pj+ b08gfTds pkfox? cjnDag u/L d'n'sdf e|i6frf/

    Go'lgs/0f ug{ yk k|oTglzn /xg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

    a]?h" l:ylt– cfof]u / dftxt ;d]t % lgsfodf of] jif{ ?=# s/f]8 #) nfv ^@ xhf/ a]?h" b]lvPsf]df k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg pknJw u/fPkl5 Ps lgsfon] ?=@$ nfv km5\of}{6 u/]sf]n] ?=# s/f]8 ^ nfv ^@ xhf/

    k]ZsL a]?h" afFsL /x]sf] 5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL–!% df 5 .

  • 17 dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&%

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{no

    g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$) df dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] Joj:yf ePsf] 5 . dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm

    ;+a}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltaf6 x'g] Joj:yf 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg / n]vfk/LIf0f P]g, @)&% n]

    dxfn]vfk/LIfsnfO{ /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«kltsf] sfof{no, ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+3Lo ;+;b, k|b]z ;ef, k|b]z ;/sf/,

    :yfgLo tx, ;+j}wflgs lgsfo, cbfnt, dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{no / g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L jf ;z:q

    k|x/L an, nufot ;a} ;+3Lo / k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{nosf] n]vf sfg'g adf]lhd lgoldttf, ldtJolotf,

    sfo{bIftf, k|efjsfl/tf / cf}lrTo ;d]tsf] b[li6sf]0faf6 n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{ clwsf/ lbPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg P+j

    n]vfk/LIf0f P]gsf] Joj:Yff sfof{Gjog ug{ @)!^ ;fndf dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{nosf] :yfkgf ePsf] 5 .

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{non] ;+j}wflgs / sfg'gL Joj:Yffcg';f/ n]vfk/LIf0f P]g tyf k|rlnt cGo P]g sfg"g,

    n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL k|rlnt dfgb08 / lgb]{lzsfx? hf/L u/L n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{nfO{ Jojl:yt ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

    dlGqkl/ifb\af6 @)&%.#.#@ df /fhkqflÍt ljlzi6 >]0fL] $, k|yd >]0fL] !$, låtLo >]0fL **, t[tLo >]0fL @^),

    /fhkqcglÍt / >]0fLljxLg ;d]t ^!$ sd{rf/Lsf] b/aGbL :jLs[t ePsf] 5 .

    sfof{nosf] of] jif{ ljlgof]hg ?=$) s/f]8 ^! nfv ^$ xhf/, /fh:j ?= !$ nfv %* xhf/, w/f}6L

    ?=@& nfv ( xhf/ / cGo sf/f]af/ ?=# nfv !% xhf/ ;d]t ?= $! s/f]8 ^ nfv $^ xhf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0f

    ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f] sf/f]af/sf] n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf Joxf]/f lgDgfg';f/ 5g\M

    1. /0fgLlts tyf sfo{;~rfng of]hgf -;g\ @)!^–@)@)_ – dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{non] /0fgLlts of]hgf -@)!^–@)@)_ sfof{Gjogsf] nflu sfo{;~rfng of]hgf -@)!^–@)@)_ tof/ u/L sfof{Gjogdf

    NofPsf] 5 . /0fgLlts of]hgfsf ;f]r, nIo / d"No dfGotf xfl;n ug{ n]vfk/LIf0fsf] u'0f:t/ /

    k|efj j[l¢ ug]{ tyf sfof{nosf] :jtGqtf / sfo{If]qsf] ;jnLs/0f, ;+u7gfTds Ifdtf ljsf;,

    k]zfut ;DaGw lj:tf/ / cfGtl/s ;'zf;gdf ;'wf/ ug]{ ljifo klxrfg u/L ;'wf/sf /0fgLlt /

    sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf] 5 .

    2. dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] ^ jif]{ sfo{of]hgf -lj=;+=@)&$–@)*)_ – n]vfk/LIf0fsf] tl/sf, If]q / u'0f:t/df ;'wf/ u/L kf/blz{tf / hjfkmb]lxtf k|j4{g ub}{ ;'zf;g sfod u/fpg cfjZos b]lvPsf

    lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ ;dfj]z u/L dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] ^ jif]{ sfo{of]hgf tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{of]hgfdf

    ;+u7gsf] k'g;{+/rgf, ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, sd{rf/Lsf] Ifdtf ljsf;, sfg'gL ;'wf/, sfo{ k|lqmof /

    k4ltdf ;'wf/;DaGwL lqmofsnfkx? ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g .

    3. n]vfk/LIf0f gLlt dfgb08 – sfof{non] ;+ljwfg, n]vfk/LIf0f P]g tyf cGo k|rlnt sfg"gsf] clwgdf /xL /0fgLlts tyf ;~rfng of]hgf / dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfo{ of]hgf nufot ;jf]{Rr n]vfk/LIf0f

    ;+:yfx?sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;+u7g -OG6f];fO{_ åf/f k|ltkflbt n]vfk/LIf0fsf cfwf/e"t l;4fGt, n]vfk/LIf0f

    dfu{bz{g / c;n cEof;sf] cg';/0f u/L n]vfk/LIf0f hf]lvd d"NofÍg kZrft\ klxrfg ePsf

    ljifox?sf] lgoGq0f k/LIf0f Pj+ ljZn]if0f u/L kof{Kt / ;fGble{s k|df0fsf] cfwf/df n]vfk/LIf0f

    ;DkGg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ ;/sf/L n]vfk/LIf0f gLlt, dfgb08,

    cfof]hgf lx;fasf] n]vfk/LIf0f dfu{bz{g, ljQLo n]vfk/LIf0f lgb]{lzsf, sfo{d"ns n]vfk/LIf0f

    dfu{bz{g, :yfgLo txsf] n]vfk/LIf0f dfu{bz{gnufot cfjZostfcg';f/ n]vfk/LIf0f;DaGwL lgb]{zg

    tyf kl/kqx? Hff/L ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} gjljsl;t 36gfqmdx? h:tf] cfktsfnLg cj:yfx?sf]

    tof/L tyf Joj:yfkgnufotsf 36gfqmdnfO{ n]vfk/LIf0fdf ;dfj]z ug]{ / tL ljifox?sf]

    n]vfk/LIf0f ug{ cfjZos lgb]{zs b:tfj]h tof/ u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5 . ljsl;t /fli6«o

    tyf cGt/f{li6«o kl/j]zadf]lhd n]vfk/LIf0f gLlt, dfgb08 tyf cGo lgb]{zs b:tfj]hx?nfO{

    cBfjlws jgfpg] / sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ yk tflnd lbg'kb{5 .

  • dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{no

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 18

    4. u'0f:t/ cfZj:ttf – ;+ljwfg / n]vfk/LIf0f P]g, @)&% tyf cGo k|rlnt sfg"gsf] clwgdf /xL ;fj{hlgs If]qsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0fsf] u'0f:t/ sfod /fVg

    dxfn]vfk/LIfsaf6;d]t :ynut ;'kl/j]If0f sfo{ x'b} cfPsf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0fsf] k|To]s r/0fdf pRr

    kbflwsf/Laf6 ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{, cfrf/;+lxtfsf] kl/kfngf / cfGtl/s lgoGq0fsf ultljlwsf] cg'udg

    ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ePkl5\ u'0f:t/ cfZj:ttf lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd ;a} lgb]{zgfno,

    n]vfk/LIf0f 6f]nLnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L n]vfk/LIf0f kmfOnsf] u'0f:t/ k'g/fjnf]sg ul/Psf] 5 . u'0f:t/nfO{

    cem} j[l¢ ug{ u'0f:t/ cfZj:ttfsf] ;+u7gfTds Ifdtf / bfo/fnfO{ a9fpg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

    5. sd{rf/L Ifdtf clej[l¢ – n]vfk/LIf0fdf ;+nUg hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf clej[l¢ ug{ sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ljleGg /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o tflnd, uf]i7L, ;]ldgf/, cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf ;+nUg u/fOPsf] 5 .

    ;fj{hlgs n]vfk/LIf0fsf] If]qdf c;n cEof;sf] cg';/0f u/L n]vfk/LIf0fnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o :t/ cg'?k

    agfpg tyf sfof{non] u/]sf sfdx? c? d'n'snfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] p2]Zon] cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf

    ;lqmotfk"j{s ;xefuL x'g] gLlt sfof{non] canDag u/]sf] 5 . o:tf sfo{x?nfO{ cfufdL lbgdf

    a9fpb} n}hfg'kg]{ cj:yf 5 .

    6. ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] ;xeflutf – sfo{d"ns n]vfk/LIf0fdf gful/s ;xeflutf u/fpg] / ;dfhsf ljleGg ljwfsf VoftL k|fKt JolQmTj ;lDdlnt n]vfk/LIf0f ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldltsf] u7g u/L ;/f]sf/jfnfsf]

    ;+nUgtf u/fOPsf] 5 . n]vfk/LIf0fnfO{ kf/bzL{ / gful/sd"vL agfpg of]hgf th'{df, ljifosf] 5gf}6

    / ;~rf/ ug]{, n]vfk/LIf0f s}lkmotx?sf] ;dod} ;'wf/ ug{ gful/s txaf6 bjfj l;h{gf ug{] h:tf

    sfo{x?df gful/s ;dfh / ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] ;+nUgtfnfO{ n]vfk/LIf0fsf] ;j} k|lqmofdf cEof; ub}{

    lj:tf/ ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;fy} ljQLo Joj:yfkg kIf;Fu ;DalGwt ljifout If]qsf ;+:yfx? /

    ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu lgoldt cGtlqm{of ug]{, ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ ;+oGqsf] ljsf; ug'{kb{5 .

    7. k|b]z tyf :yfgLo txsf] n]vfk/LIf0f – ;+3Lo ;+/rgf cg'?k xfn & k|b]z / &%# :yfgLo txsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug{ s]Gb|af6 n]vfk/LIf0f 6f]nL v6fpb} cfPsf] 5 . k|b]z tyf :yfgLo txsf] n]vfk/LIf0f /

    ljQLo Joj:yfkgdf k|efjsfl/tf Nofpg s]Gb|df dfq /x]sf]sfof{nosf] ;+/rgfnfO{ tTsfn} k|b]z

    tx;Dd lj:tf/ ug'{kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .

    a]?h" l:ylt – sfof{nosf] of] jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0faf6 cfosf] u0fgf, s/ lgwf{/0f / /fh:jsf] clen]v nufotsf] ;}4flGts Joxf]/fx? b]lvPsf 5g\ .

  • 19 dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&%

    nf]s ;]jf cfof]u

    g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$@ df nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] Joj:yf 5 . cfof]udf cWoIf / cGo $

    ;b:ox? /xg] / cWoIf tyf ;b:ox?sf] lgo'lQm ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltaf6 x'g] Joj:Yff 5 .

    wf/f @$# cg';f/ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu pko'Qm pDd]b\jf/ 5gf]6 ug{ k/LIff ;~rfng ug'{

    nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] st{Jo x'g] Joj:yf 5 . lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbafx]s g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L

    an, cGo ;+3Lo ;/sf/L ;]jf / ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] kbdf kbk"lt{sf nflu lnOg] lnlvt k/LIff cfof]un] ;~rfng

    ub{5 . g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lgj[lQe/0f kfpg] kbsf] lgo'lQm, s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]jfsf sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfsf zt{

    ;DaGwL sfg'g / To:tf] ;]jfsf kbdf a9'jf / ljefuLo sf/jfxL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] ljifodf

    cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng'kg]{ / ;f] sf] sfof{Gjog ug'{kg]{ k|fjwfg 5 . cfof]u / dftxtsf !% lgsfodf ljleGg

    txsf #(( sd{rf/Lsf] b/aGbL /x]sf] 5 .

    cfof]u / dftxt lgsfosf] of] jif{ ljlgof]hg ?= *% s/f]8 ^^ nfv %$ xhf/, /fh:Jf ?= !$ s/f]8

    %% xhf/ / w/f}6L ?=($ nfv ^( xhf/ ;d]t ?= ! cj{ ^! nfv &* xhf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

    ;f] sf/f]af/sf] n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf pNn]Vo Joxf]/f lgDgfg';f/ 5g\M

    != sfo{k|ult – cfof]un] of] jif{ ljleGg txsf lghfdtLtkm{ % xhf/ (&) ljleGg kbsf nflu lj1fkg

    u/L kbk"lt{ u/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L ;+ul7t ;+:yftkm{ cfof]un] $& ;+:yfsf] ljleGg txsf ! xhf/ ^&!

    lj1fkgaf6 !^ xhf/ %) kbsf nflu lnlvt k/LIff ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 .

    @= k/fdz{ – ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$# df ;+3Lo lghfdlt ;]jfsf] zt{ ;DjGwL sfg"g, lghfdlt ;]jfsf] kbdf

    lgo'lQm, ;?jf, a9'jf jf ljefuLo sf/afxL ubf{ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng'kg]{ / ;DjlGwt

    lgsfon] ;f] sf] sfof{Gjog ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . ;f] adf]lhd ;do ;dodf cfof]un] k/fd{z lbb}

    cfPsf] 5 .

    #= ;'emfj sfof{Gjog – cfof]un] lghfdlt ;]jfsf] v'Nnf / a9'jf k|of]hgsf nflu cfjZos Go"gtd

    z}lIfs of]Uotf, a9'jf k|of]hgsf nflu ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/]sf] cg'ejsf] c+s u0fgf, s'g} ;]jf

    ;d"x jf pk;d"x vf/]h eO{ pQm ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"xsf] s'g} kb grflxg] eO{ vf/]h ePsf]

    cj:yfdf ;]jf ;d"x jf pk;d"x kl/j{tg ug'{kg]{ nufotsf ljljw ljifodf ;'emfj lbPsf] 5 .

    cfof]uaf6 pknJw u/fOPsf ;'emfjsf] sfof{Gjog ug]{tk{m Wofg lbg'kb{5 .

    a]?h" l:ylt – cfof]u / dftxt ^ lgsfodf of] jif{ ?=^& nfv *^ xhf/ a]?h" b]lvPsf]df km5\of}{6 x'g ;Sg] k|ltlqmof, k|df0f k|fKt gePsfn] a]?h" afFsL /x]sf] 5 . ;f]dWo] ?=^% nfv !! xhf/ k]:sL afFsL /x]sf]

    5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL !% df 5 .

  • 20 dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&%

    lgjf{rg cfof]u

    g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$% df lgjf{rg cfof]usf] Joj:yf 5 . cfof]udf k|d'v cfo'Qm / cGo $

    hgf cfo'Qm /xg]5g\ . k|d'v cfo'Qm / cfo'Qmx?sf] lgo'lQm ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltaf6 x'g]

    Joj:yf 5 . wf/f @$^ df cfof]unfO{ ;+ljwfg / ;+3Lo sfg'gsf] cwLgdf /xL /fi6«klt, pk/fi6«klt, ;+3Lo

    ;+;bsf ;b:o, k|b]z ;efsf ;b:o, :yfgLo txsf ;b:osf] lgjf{rgsf] ;~rfng, /]vb]v, lgb]{zg, lgoGq0f

    tyf dtbftfx?sf] gfdfjnL ;+sng Pj+ cBfjlws ug]{, lgjf{rgsf] nflu sfg'gsf] d:of}bf ug]{, lgjf{rg

    k|of]hgsf nflu /fhg}lts bn btf{ ug]{, lgodfjnL tyf lgb]{lzsf tof/ ug]{, /fli6«o dxTjsf] ljifodf hgdt

    ;+u|x u/fpg] cflb sfd st{Jo / clwsf/ tf]lsPsf] 5 . cfof]usf] tkm{af6 lhNnftxdf k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf / cGo

    sfd sf/afxL ;Dkfbg ug{ s]Gb|df lgjf{rg cfof]usf] / k|To]s lhNnfdf lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no :yfkgf

    ePsf] 5 . cfof]u / dftxtsf && lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{nodf ljleGg bhf{sf ^&! hgfsf] b/aGbL /x]sf] 5 .

    cfof]u / dftxt lhNnf÷If]qLo lgjf{rg sfof{no &&, d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[t tyf lgjf{rg clws[tsf]

    sfof{no #)(, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt &&, lhNnf/If]qLo k|zf;g sfof{no *@ ;d]t %$^ lgsfosf nflu of] jif{ ljlgof]hg ?=* cj{ (& s/f]8 %$ nfv ($ xhf/, /fh:j ?=!# s/f]8 ^$ nfv %& xhf/, w/f}6L ?=#@

    s/f]8 @% nfv ** xhf/ / cGo sf/f]jf/ ?=! s/f]8 !! nfv ^^ xhf/ ;d]t ?= ( cj{ $$ s/f]8 %& nfv %

    xhf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f] sf/f]jf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0fjf6 b]lvPsf pNn]Vo Joxf]/f lgDgfg';f/

    5g\M

    1. j}b]lzs ;xfotf – cfly{s sfo{ljlw P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf !^-@_ df k|To]s sfof{non] ;j} k|sf/sf cfo Joosf] tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] n]vf / cfly{s ljj/0f k]z u/L dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] sfof{noaf6 clGtd

    n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . cfof]ujf6 k|fKt ljj/0f cg';f/ tflnd ;~rfng, tflnd ;fdu|L

    pTkfbg nufotsf sfo{df ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+l3o ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] ;xof]udf lgjf{rg ;xof]u sfo{qmd

    dfkm{t o; jif{ ?=$ s/f]8 #! nfv !^ xhf/ vr{ ePsf]df pQm /sd ljQLo ljj/0fdf ;dfj]z u/L

    n]vfk/LIf0f u/fPsf] 5}g . j}b]lzs ;xfotfsf] ;a} /sd ah]6df ;dfj]z u/L vr{ ug'{kb{5 .

    2. lgjf{rg vr{sf] l:ylt – g]kfn ;/sf/sf] @).!!.!^ / ;f] kl5sf lg0f{oadf]lhd :yfgLo txtkm{ @)&$.!.#! df klxnf] / @)&$.#.!$ df bf];|f] r/0fsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ePsf] b]lvG5 . o; jif{ t]>f]

    r/0fsf] lgjf{rg @)&$.^.@ df / k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:osf] lgjf{rg @)&$.*.!) /

    @! ut] @ r/0fdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lgjf{rg ldlt 3f]if0ff ePsf] 5f]6f] cjlwdf cfof]un] cfjZos

    ;fdu|L / hgzlQm Joj:yfkg u/L of] cfly{s jif{df # r/0fsf] lgjf{rg ;kmntf k"j{s ;DkGg u/]sf]

    5 . To; cltl/Qm /fi6«klt tyf pk/fi6«klt / /fli6«o ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg;d]t ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

    cfof]unfO{ o;jif{ lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu :jLs[t ePsf] jh]6 / vr{sf] l:ylt lgDgfg';f/ 5M

    -? xhf/df_

    l;=g+= ljj/0f jh]6 vr{

    ! t]>f] r/0fsf] :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg -k|b]z g+= @_ (%,)),)) ($,&&,%@

    @ k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg &,**,&%,%% &,&%,(%,$!

    # /fli6«o ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg %,#),^# #,^%,^!

    $ /fi6«klt tyf pk–/fi6«klt lgjf{rg (#,*@ %&,@%

    % cfof]usf] ;~rfng vr{ *,@(,@! &,&(,)*

    ^ lx;fa ldnfg - !,&^

    hDdf *,(*,@(,@! *,*@,&^,^#

  • lgjf{rg cfof]u

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 21

    plNnlvt vr{dWo] lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{no, lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no Pj+ lhNnf k|zf;g

    sfof{noaf6 ePsf] vr{ ?=^ ca{ !^ s/f]8 ^^ nfv ^( xhf/ / cfof]un] u/]sf] vr{ ?=@ ca{ ^^ s/f]8

    ( nfv ($ xhf/ /x]sf] 5 . cfof]un] u/]sf] vr{sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5M

    -? xhf/df_

    l;=g+= sfo{qmd vr{sf] ljj/0f vr{ /sd

    ! :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg

    -t];|f] r/0f_ k|b]z g+=@

    -s_ k|f]T;fxg eQf, b}lgs e|d0f eQf, vfhf vfgf vr{

    4,62,10

    -v_ dtbftf kl/ro kq 5kfO, hgzlQm aLdf, sfof{no

    ;~rfng vr{ 6,79,54

    -u_ sfg'g th'{df, bn Joj:yfkg tyf cfrf/ ;+lxtf 99,15

    -3_ lgjf{rg tflnd, ko{j]If0f, cg'udg 1,70,77

    -ª_ dtbftf lzIff 3,23,32

    -r_ ;"rgf k|ljlw Joj:yf, j}b]lzs ;DaGw, ;dGjo,ljljw 26,52

    17,61,40

    @ k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o

    tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o

    lgjf{rg

    -s_ dtbftf gfdfjnL,dtbftf kl/rokq, dtkq 5kfO,

    kmlg{r/ kmlg{l;+ª, sDKo'6/ tyf sDKo'6/sf ;fdfgx?

    44,91,80

    -v_ dtbfg s]Gb|df k|of]u x'g] ;fdu|Lx? / sd{rf/Lx?sf]

    aLdf 42,60,32

    -u_ lgjf{rg ;DalGw sfg'g lgdf{0f, pDd]bjf/sf] jGb ;"rL

    Joj:yfkg, cfrf/ ;+lxtf th'{df Pj+ cg'udg,

    lgjf{rg lrGx lgwf{/0f, ljt/0f tyf Joj:yfkg 7,82,12

    3_ lgjf{rg ko{j]If0f tyf cg'udg 4,68,51

    -ª_ ;"rgf k|ljlw Joj:yfkg 90,05

    -r_ lgjf{rg lzIff ;"rgf tyf tflnd 2,30,87

    -5_ dtbftf lzIff ;DalGw 5kfO ;fdu|L, lel8of] ;fdu|L,

    cl8of] ;fdu|L pTkfbg, 6]lnlehg k|zf/0f, /]l8of]

    k|zf/0f, kqklqsfdf ;"rgf lj1fkg, cfd kx"+r

    sfo{qmd, 3/b}nf] sfo{qmd 1,21,04,07

    -h_ cfof]usf] k|zf;lgs vr{, j}7s eQf vfhf vfgf eQf,

    k|f]T;fxg eQf, ljB't ;+rf/ cflb . 14,20,44

    2,38,48,18

    #

    /fli6«o ;ef ;b:o

    lgjf{rg

    ;fdu|L Joj:yfkg, sfg'g lgdf{0f, lgjf{rg ;~rfng,

    cg'udg, lgjf{rg lzIff ;"rgf tflnd Pj+ k|Zff;lgs vr{

    1,73,20

    $ /fi6«klt tyf pk/fi6«klt

    lgjf{rg

    ;fdu|L Joj:yfkg, sfg'g lgdf{0f, lgjf{rg ;~rfng

    cg'udg Pj+ k|zf;lgs vr{ 46,32

    % cfof]usf] ;~rfng vr{ tna, eQf, sfof{no ;~rfng cflb 7,79,08

    ^ lx;fa ldnfg 1,76

    hDdf 2,66,09,94

    3. ;'ljwf – lgjf{rg cfof]u P]g, @) sf] bkmf #% adf]lhd cfof]un] kbflwsf/L, b/aGbL, sfh tyf s/f/df sfo{/t sd{rf/L / lglZrt ;'/IffsdL{x?nfO{ lgjf{rg eQf, vfhf vfgf vr{, cltl/Qm ;do

    eQf, ;+rf/ ;'ljwf, lgjf{rg cg'udg ljz]if eQf, k|f]T;fxg eQf Pj+ j}7s eQf h:tf yk ;'ljwf lbg]

    lg0f{o u/L ?=@# s/f]8 &) nfv $) xhf/ e'QmfgL lbPsf] 5 .

  • lgjf{rg cfof]u

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 22

    ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$% -&_ df k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{

    ;+3Lo sfg'g adf]lhd x'g] 5g\ eGg] Joj:yf 5 . To:t} ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] kfl/>lds,

    ;]jfsf] zt{ / ;'ljwf ;DaGwL P]g, @)%# sf] bkmf # -@_ df g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lsf]

    dfl;s kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwfdf yk ug{ ;Sg] / o;/L yk ubf{ g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{kg]{

    Joj:yf 5 . cfof]un] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg gu/L kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ lgjf{rg eQf ?=@@ nfv *^

    xhf/, vfhf vfgf vr{ ?=( nfv ($ xhf/, ;~rf/ vr{ ?=@ nfv #$ xhf/, a}7s eQf ?=^% nfv $ xhf/

    / k|f]T;fxg eQf ?=@ nfv &^ xhf/ ;d]t ?=! s/f]8 @ nfv ($ xhf/ e'QmfgL u/]sf] b]lvG5 . g]kfn

    /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/fP/dfq o; lsl;dsf] ;'ljwf k|bfg ug'{kb{5 .

    4. aLdf – lgjf{rg cfof]u P]g, @) sf] bkmf #* df lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu cfof]un] j:t' jf ;]jf vl/b ubf{ af]nkqsf] dfWodaf6 ug'{kg]{, af]nkqaf6 vl/b ug{ g;lsg] ePdf b/efpkqsf] dfWodaf6

    vl/b ug'{kg]{ / b/efpkq lng g;lsg] cj:yf eP To;sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ l;w} vl/b ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf

    5 . cfof]un] :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg cGtu{t t];|f] r/0fdf k|b]z g+=@ sf] * lhNnfsf] lgjf{rgdf ;+nUg

    $) xhf/ &%$ sd{rf/Lsf] k|lt:kwf{ j]u/ Ps aLdf sDkgLaf6 l;w} aLdf u/fO{ ?=@ s/f]8 & nfv

    *% xhf/ e'QmfgL u/]sf] b]lvof] . o;/L l;w} aLdf ubf{ ;/b/ k|lt JolQm aLdf z'Ns ?=%!).)! kg{

    uPsf] b]lvG5 . cfof]un] k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgdf ;+nUg @ nfv $*

    xhf/ !^# sd{rf/Lsf] aLdf ubf{ aLdf sDkgLx?aLr k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ aLdf z'Ns ?=$ s/f]8 ** nfv

    $& xhf/ nfu]sf]n] k|ltJolQm ;/b/ ?=!(^.*# kg{ uPsf] 5 . t;y{ k|lt:kwf{ gu/fpFbf k|ltJolQm

    aLdf z'Ns ?=#!#.!* a9L kg{ uPsf]n] ?=! s/f]8 @& nfv ^# xhf/ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ yk Jooef/

    k/]sf] b]lvof] . k|lt:kwf{af6 vl/b sfo{ ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg'kb{5 .

    5. dtbftf kl/rokq 5kfO – dtbftf gfdfjnL P]g, @) sf] bkmf @& df dtbftfnfO{ kl/rokq pknJw u/fpg' kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . t];|f] r/0fdf ;DkGg k|b]z g+=@ sf * lhNnfdf :yfgLo txsf] ;+Vof

    yk eO{ k'gM dtbftf kl/ro kq 5kfO ug{' k/]sf]n] cfof]usf] @)&$.%.!@ sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ :yfgLo

    txsf] k|yd r/0f / bf];|f] r/0fsf] lgjf{rgdf dtbftf kl/ro kq 5kfOsf] sfd ug]{ Ps lghL

    sDkgLnfO{ ;fljssf] b//]6 k|lt yfg ?=(.(( df 5kfO ug{ sfof{b]z lbPsf] b]lvof] . pQm sDkgLn]

    sf8{ agfpg cfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{sf] d"No j[l4 ePsf], 5kfO ug'{kg]{ sf8{ ;+Vof 36]sf],

    dhb'/x?sf] kfl/>lds a9]sf] sf/0f pNn]v u/L k|lt yfg klxn] af]nkqdf k]; u/]sf] b/ ?=!$.–

    sfod u/L lbg @)&$.%.!$ df lgj]bg lbPcg';f/ cfof]usf] @)&$.%.@% sf] lg0f{oaf6 k|lt yfg

    b//]6 ?=!#.%) sfod u/]sf] b]lvof] . To;}u/L k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgsf]

    nflu dtbftf ;+Vof @! nfv &) xhf/ (*% sf] dtbftf kl/ro kq 5kfO ug{ cfof]usf] @)&$.&.%

    sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ ;f]xL sDkgLnfO{ k|lt yfg ?=!#.%) df 5kfO ug{ lbPsf] kfOof] .

    6. dtbftf lzIff sfo{qmd – lgjf{rgdf ab/ dtsf] k|ltzt Go"g ug{ dtbftfnfO{ lzlIft u/fpg'kb{5 . k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgsf] nflu cfjZos dtbftf lzIff ;fdu|L 5kfO

    ubf{ :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgdf 5kfO ePs} b//]6d} sfo{ u/fPsf] 5 eg] 6]lnlehg tyf /]l8of] k|;f/0f,

    kqklqsf k|sfzgdf :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgdf lgwf{l/t b//]6df !) k|ltzt yk u/L b//]6 to u/]sf]

    b]lvof] . To;}u/L dtbftf lzIff k|bfg ug]{ Aofu, 6f]kL / l6;6{df :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgdf lgwf{l/t

    b/ k|ltuf]6f qmdzM ?=!)&).–, !(@.– / %)).– df j[l4 u/L qmdzM ?=!@%).)), @@%.)) / ^@%.))

    sfod u/]sf] 5 . t/ d"No j[l4 ePsf] sf/0f / k|df0f lnPsf] 5}g .

    7. x]lnsf]K6/ rf6{/ vr{ – lgjf{rg cfof]u P]g, @) Pj+ cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgodfjnL, @)^$ cg';f/ cfof]un] lgjf{rgsf] ;Gbe{df x'g] vr{x?sf] ;d'lrt Joj:yfkg Pj+ ldtJolotfdf ;d]t Wofg

    k'¥ofpg'kb{5 . cfof]un] k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgsf] ;Gbe{df b'u{d :yfg

    tyf ;'/Iff;Fu ;+j]bgzLn b]lvPsf :yfgsf] dtkq / dtk]l6sf 9'jfgL, sd{rf/L cf];f/k;f/ tyf

    ;+v'jf;ef lhNnfsf] dtu0fgfdf d'2f k/L ;|]:tf sfuhft ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf Nofpg / cfof]usf

    kbflwsf/L lgjf{rg;DaGwL sfddf cg'udg lg/LIf0fsf] nflu g]kfnL ;]gfsf] x]lnsf]K6/ rf6{/ u/L ?=$

    s/f]8 !$ nfv !# xhf/ vr{ n]v]sf] 5 . o;k|sf/sf] vr{df ldtJolotf ckgfpg'kb{5 .

  • lgjf{rg cfof]u

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 23

    8. dtbftf lzIff ;fdu|L 5kfO – dtkqsf] 9fFrf olsg ePkl5 ;f] cg';f/ dtbftfnfO{ k|lzlIft x'g] u/L dtbftf lzIff ;fdu|Lsf] 9fFrf olsg u/L] 5kfO ug{'kb{5 . k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o

    lgjf{rg cGtu{t klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnLdf k|of]u x'g] dtkq Pp6} geO{ cnu cnu

    x'g'kg{] ljifodf ;jf{]Rr cbfntdf d'2f k/L cbfntaf6 @)&$.&.! / @)&$.&.* df k|ltlglw ;ef /

    k|b]z ;efsf] cnu cnu P]g /x]sf]n] cnu cnu dtkq 5fKg cfof]unfO{ Wofgfs[i6 u/fPsf] b]lvof] .

    pQm cfb]zkl5 Pp6} dtkqaf6 dtbfg ug]{ dtbftf lzIff ;fdu|Lsf] 5kfO sfo{ tTsfn /f]Sg'kg]{df

    ;f] gu/L 5kfO sfo{ hf/L /fv]sf] / @)&$.&.!@ df dfq k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o / k|b]z ;ef ;b:osf]

    lgjf{rgdf k|of]u x'g] dtkq 5'§f5'§} 5kfO ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] kfOof] . cbfntaf6 cfof]unfO{ Wofgfs[i6

    u/fPsf] ldlt -@)&$.&.*_ b]lv cfof]un] lg0f{o u/]sf] ldlt -@)&$.&.!@_ aLrsf] cjlwdf k|ltlglw

    ;ef / k|b]z ;ef ;b:osf] dtkq Pp6} x'g] dfGotfcg'?k dtbftf lzIff;DaGwL ;fdu|Lx? kf]i6/,

    lˆnkrf6{, a|f];/, j/fj/ ;f]lwg] k|Zgx? / gd'gf dtkq cflb 5kfO u/L ?=!! s/f]8 &@ nfv vr{

    n]v]sf] 5 . pko'{Qm ;fdu|Lx? k|of]uljxLg cj:yfdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

    pQm ;fdu|L sfd gnfUg] ePsf]n] klxnf] r/0f / bf];|f] r/0fsf] lgjf{rgsf] nflu cfjZos

    kf]i6/, lˆnkrf6{, a|f];/ u/L # k|sf/sf dtbftf lzIff ;fdu|L k'g= 5kfO u/L ?=& s/f]8 %$ nfv $(

    xhf/ vr{ u/]sf] 5 . k'gM 5kfPsf dtbftf lzIff ;fdu|Lx? ;do cjlw sd ePsf] sf/0f bzf{pb}

    klxnf] r/0f -d+l;/ !) ut]_ df lgjf{rg x'g] #@ lhNnfdf k'¥ofpg ;s]sf] b]lvPg . dtbftf lzIff

    ;fdu|L ;dod} ;DalGwt lhNnfdf k'¥ofpg g;s]sf] sf/0f k|of]uljxLg cj:yfdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

    9. lgjf{rg ;fdu|L vl/b Pjd\ df}Hbft – cfof]un] ldtJooL tj/n] lgjf{rg ;fdu|L vl/b ug'{kb{5 . dtbfg s]Gb|df cfjZos kg]{ !) k|sf/sf lgjf{rg ;fdu|Lsf] vl/b Pj+ df}Hbft k/LIf0f ubf{ ut

    ljutsf] ;fdu|L df}Hbft eP tfklg o; jif{ cfjZos kl/df0fdf #) k|ltzt yk u/L vl/b u/]sf] 5 .

    o; jif{ vl/b ePsf lgjf{rg ;fdu|LdWo] nfxf afx]s :jl:ts 5fk nufot ( k|sf/sf ?=(^ nfv ^(

    xhf/ d"Nosf ;fdfg df}Hbftdf /x]sf] b]lvFbf vl/b sfo{ ldtJooL b]lvPg . o; jif{sf] vl/b

    kl/df0fsf] t'ngfdf ut ljutsf] df}Hbft;d]t #$=*@ b]lv #(=^& k|ltzt;Dd df}Hbft /x]sf]n]

    :jLs[t vl/b kl/df0f oyfy{ / e/kbf{] b]lvg cfPg . o; ;DaGwdf ljutsf lgjf{rgdf vl/b e}

    df}Hbft /x]sf sltko ;fdfgx? k|of]udf cfpg g;Sg] lsl;dsf ePsf]n] To:tf ;fdu|Lx? lnnfd ug]{

    sfo{ cuf8L a9fOg] hjfkm cfof]uaf6 k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

    10. dtbftf lzIff ;fdu|L vl/b – cfof]un] dtbftf lzIffsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;+Vofdf #) k|ltzt yk ;lxtsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ u/L @)&$.^.!( df vl/b kl/df0f :jLs[[t u/]sf] b]lvof] . :jLs[t vl/b

    kl/df0fsf] ;Ldfleq /xL ;fdu|L vl/b ug{'kg{]df dtbftf lzIff k'l:tsf, lgjf{rg cfrf/ ;+lxtf a|f];/

    nufotsf % k|sf/sf ;fdu|Lx? :jLs[t kl/df0feGbf $( nfv (^ xhf/ yfg a9L vl/b u/L ?=%

    s/f]8 ( nfv !& xhf/ vr{ n]v]sf] 5 .

    11. lk|G6/ d]l;g vl/b – lgjf{rg cfof]u P]g, @) cg';f/ cfof]unfO{ k|fKt ah]6 lgjf{rg;DaGwL sfdsf] p2]Zo kl/k"lt{ x'g] u/L k|efjsf/L tj/n] vr{ ug'{kb{5 . cfof]un] k|b]z g+=@ sf] * lhNnfsf]

    :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rg Pj+ @)&$.*.!) / @! ut] x'g] k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o

    lgjf{rgdf k|of]u x'g] /+lug / ;fbf dtbftf gfdfjnL lk||G6 ug{ cfof]udf /x]sf !# yfg lk|G6/ dd{t

    u/L ;~rfng ug{ afwf k/]sf] sf/0f b]vfO{ a9L Ifdtfsf] /+lug lk|G6/ ! yfg, Zofd :j]t lk|G6/ @

    yfg k|lt:kwf{ a]u/ l;w} vl/b u/L ?=@$ s/f]8 %# nfv ( xhf/ vr{ u/]sf] b]lvof] . pNn]lvt vr{

    ;DaGwdf b]lvPsf yk Joxf]/f b]xfocg';f/ 5g\M

    11.1 ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL, @)^$ sf] lgod #! df ?=@) nfveGbf a9L nfut cg'dfg ePsf] dfn;fdfgsf] vl/b sfo{ af]nkqsf] dfWodaf6 ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . lgjf{rg cfof]u P]g, @) sf]

    bkmf #* df k|rlnt sfg'gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lgjf{rgsf] sfdsf nflu cfjZos kg]{

    lhG;L dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ af]nkq tyf b/efpkqaf6 vl/b ug{ ;Dej gePdf ;f]em} ahf/af6

  • lgjf{rg cfof]u

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 24

    vl/b ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf 5 . cfof]un] lk|G6/ d]l;g vl/b ubf{ k|lt:kwf{sf ljlwtkm{ k|of; gu/L l;w}

    vl/b u/]sf] 5 .

    11.2 cfof]un] @)&$.!.#! / )&$.#.!$ df ;DkGg :yfgLo tx lgjf{rgnfO{ ;d]t ;d]6\g] u/L tLj| ult Ifdtfsf] 5kfO d]l;g vl/b ug]{ of]hgf agfpg'kg]{df lgjf{rg ;fdu|L 5kfO;DaGwL clwsf+z sfd

    ;dfKt ePkl5 lgjf{rgsf] pQ/fw{df pQm d]l;g vl/b u/]sf] 5 . pQm d]l;gsf] kf6{;, 6f]g/ vl/b /

    h8fg ug]{ sfo{ lanDa u/L k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg tkm{sf] dtkq 5kfO

    sfo{ hgs lzIff ;fdu|L s]Gb| lnld6]8af6 u/fPsf] 5 .

    12. ;jf/L;fwg vl/b – cfof]un] @).&$ df % yfg ;jf/L;fwg vl/b ug{ ah]6 k|:tfj u/]cg';f/ cy{ dGqfnoaf6 @)&$.#.@* df k|rlnt sfg'g / :jLs[t dfkb08adf]lhd ;jf/L;fwg vl/b ug{ ;xdlt

    k|fKt ePsf] b]lvof] . cfof]un] o; jif{ af]nkqsf] dfWodaf6 Ps lghL sDkgLdfkm{t @(*@ l;=l;=sf]

    k|f8f] hLk % yfg k|lt yfg ?=@ s/f]8 #@ nfvn] vl/b u/L ?=!! s/f]8 ^) nfv vr{ u/]sf] 5 .

    cfof]un] gofF vl/b u/]sf] ! yfg / df}Hbft /x]sfdWo] #( yfg ;d]t $) yfg ;jf/L;fwg lgjf{rg

    ;DkGg ePkl5 ljleGg lgsfonfO{ ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . cfjZostfsf] klxrfg u/L dfq vl/b ug'{kb{5 .

    d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{no / lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{nox?

    13. lgb]{lzsfsf] kfngf – cfof]un] lgjf{rg ug]{ sfdsf nflu :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg -cfly{s_ lgb]{lzsf, @) / k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg -cfly{s_ lgb]{lzsf, @)&$ df vr{sf] dfkb08

    tf]s]sf] 5 . d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{no / lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{noaf6 vr{sf] dfkb08 kfngf

    gu/]sf pNn]vgLo Joxf]/f lgDgfg';f/ 5g\M

    13.1 :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg lgb]{lzsfdf sfuh, vfd, kmf/fd, cGo sfof{no ;fdfg, x'nfs vr{, kmf]6f]skL tyf 5kfO, kqklqsf / kmlg{l;Ë;d]t sfof{no;DaGwL sfd / ljljw vr{sf] nflu d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[tsf]

    sfof{nonfO{ qmdzM ?=$% xhf/ %)).–/ ?=!@ xhf/ Pj+ lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{nonfO{ qmdzM ?=#^

    xhf/ %)).– / ? * xhf/sf] ;Ldf tf]s]sf] 5 . To:t} k|ltlglw ;ef÷k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rg lgb]{lzsf

    cg';f/ pQm vr{ afkt d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{nonfO{ ? ! nfv ^) xhf/ / ?=#) xhf/ Pj+

    lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{nonfO{ ?=! nfv %) xhf/ / ?= @% xhf/ vr{sf] ;Ldf tf]s]sf] 5 . vr{sf]

    pQm ;Ldf g3fO{ :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg t];|f] r/0ftkm{ !!@ sfof{non] ?=** nfv (^ xhf/ / k|ltlglw

    ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg tkm{ !!# sfof{non] ?= # s/f]8 #$ nfv ^& xhf/ a9L

    vr{ u/]sf 5g\ . ;Ldf g3fO{ ePsf] vr{ lgod;Ddt 5}g .

    13.2 lgb]{lzsf, @) df lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{nodf lgo'Qm eO{ tnasf] !@! k|ltzt yk k|f]T;fxg eQf Pj+ vfhf vfgf eQf kfpg] sd{rf/L afx]s dtu0fgfdf cGoq sfof{noaf6 cfPsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ dfq

    b}lgs eQf /sd lbg'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . of] jif{ @# sfof{non] lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{nodf lgo'Qm eO{

    !@! k|ltzt k|f]T;fxg eQf / vfhf vfgf eQf kfPsf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;d]t dtu0fgf cjlwsf] b}lgs

    eQfdf ?=!) nfv !% xhf/ vr{ n]v]sf] b]lvof] . To;}u/L lgb]{lzsf, @)&$ df dtu0fgfdf ;+nUg

    sd{rf/LnfO{ b}lgs eQf lbg] Joj:yf gePsf]df Ps sfof{non] ?=$ nfv @! xhf/ b}lgs eQf vr{

    n]v]sf] 5 . bf]xf]/f] ;'ljwf lbPsf] ?=!$ nfv #^ xhf/ c;'n ug'{kb{5 .

    13.3 lgb]{lzsf, @) sf] jF'bf g+=!( df dtu0fgf 6f]nLn] Ps l;k\m6df !* jf @@ nx/sf] dtkq ePdf *)), @* jf #^ nx/sf] dtkq eP &)), @$ nx/sf] dtkq eP ^)) / ^* nx/sf] dtkq eP %))

    yfg dtkq u0fgf ug'{kg]{ / ;f] afkt k|ltl;ˆ6 eQf ?=% xhf/ !)) ;Dd / k|To]s 6f]nLnfO{ lrof tyf

    vfgf vr{sf nflu Psd'i7 ?=% xhf/ ljljw vr{ lbg] pNn]v 5 . To;}u/L lgb]{lzsf @)&$ sf] jF'bf g+=

    @^ -@_ df k|ToIf / ;dfg'kfltstkm{ qmdzM k|lt l;km\6 # xhf/ / ! xhf/ %)) dtkq u0fgf ug'{kg]{ /

    ;f] afkt clwstd ?=!@ xhf/ ! ;o dtu0fgf eQf kfpg] Joj:yf 5 . lgb]{lzsfn] tf]s]sf] gD;{

    cg';f/ x'g cfpg] l;ˆ6 ;+VofeGbf a9L l;ˆ6 ;+Vof b]vfO{ :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg -t];|f] r/0f_ df $#

  • lgjf{rg cfof]u

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 25

    sfof{non] ?=@! nfv $$ xhf/ / k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgtkm{ @@

    sfof{non] ?=$& nfv *@ xhf/;d]t ?=^( nfv @^ xhf/ a9L vr{ n]v]sf 5g\ . ljlzi6 kl/l:ylt

    pTkGg ePsf] cfwf/ / k|df0fa]u/ a9L vr{ n]v]sf] /sd lgod;Ddt b]lvPg .

    13.4 pQm b'a} lgb]{lzsfdf lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{nodf vl6Psf sd{rf/Ln] Ps} cjlwdf b}lgs e|d0f eQf / vfhf vfgf vr{ b'a} ;'ljwf gkfpg] pNn]v 5 . :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg -t];|f] r/0f_ df #) sfof{non] /

    k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgdf #@ sfof{non] ljleGg sd{rf/LnfO{ Ps} cjlwsf]

    b}lgs e|d0f eQf / vfhf vfgf vr{;d]t b'a} ;'ljwf e'QmfgL u/]sf 5g\ . bf]xf]/f] ;'ljwf gkfpg] x'Fbf

    vfhf vfgf afktsf] s/ s§L kl5sf] /sd :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg -t];|f] r/0f_ tkm{ ?=( nfv ^( xhf/ /

    k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg tkm{ ?=* nfv ($ xhf/ ;d]t ?=!* nfv ^#

    xhf/ c;'n ug'{kb{5 .

    13.5 lgb]{lzsf, @)&$df lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lx?n] ;dfg'kfltstkm{sf] dtu0fgf ;DkGg ePsf] ldltn] a9Ldf !% lbg ;Ddsf] dfq lgjf{rg eQf Pj+ vfhf÷vfgf eQf e'QmfgL kfpg] Joj:yf

    5 . ;f] cg';f/ eQf /sd e'QmfgL lbg'kg]{df #! sfof{non] sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;dfg'kflts tkm{sf]

    dtu0fgf ;DkGg ePsf] !% lbg eGbf kl5 yk % lbgsf] gkfpg] eQf e'QmfgL lbPsf] b]lvof] . o;/L

    gkfpg] /sd ?=^ nfv #@ xhf/ ;DalGwt sd{rf/Laf6 c;'n ug'{kb{5 .

    13.6 lgb]{lzsf, @)&$ df Ps} ;dodf Ps eGbf a9L l;k\m6df dtu0fgf ePdf k|d'v dtu0fgf clwsf/LnfO{ cfk'm ;+nUg ePsf] l;km\6sf] ?=@ xhf/ %)) / afFsL cGo l;ˆ6sf] ?=%)) sf b/n] dtu0fgf eQf

    kfpg] Joj:yf 5 . k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgdf lgjf{rg clws[tsf]

    sfof{nox?n] @)&$.*.@@ b]lv dtu0fgf z'? u/L a9Ldf &÷* lbg leqdf ;DkGg u/]sf 5g\ . ;+nUg

    sfuhft k/LIf0f ubf{ k|d'v dtu0fgf clwsf/L cfkm}+ k|ToIf / ck|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg ePsf] l;ˆ6 :ki6

    v'nfPsf] 5}g . ;a} l;ˆ6df dtu0fgf clwsf/Ln] k "/f ;do lbg ;Sg] cj:yf b]lvFb}g . of] jif{ $(

    sfof{non] k|d'v dtu0fgf clwsf/LnfO{ cfk}m k|ToIf ;+nUg ePdf kfpg] b//]6 k|lt l;ˆ6 ? @ xhf/

    %)) sf b/n] ?=! s/f]8 % nfv (* xhf/ dtu0fgf eQf vr{ n]v]sf]n] lgb]{lzsfn] u/]sf] Joj:yfsf]

    kfngf ePsf] b]lvPg . o; ;DaGwdf k|d'v dtu0fgf clwsf/L ck|ToIf ?kdf dfq dtu0fgfdf ;xefuL

    ePsf] l;k\m6sf] a9L e'QmfgL x'g uPsf] /sd cfof]un] olsg u/L sf/afxL tyf c;'n ug'{kb{5 .

    13.7 lgb]{lzsf, @)&$ df lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{nodf lgo'Qm sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ lgjf{rgsf] sfddf vl6P afkt lghx?n] dfl;s vfO{kfO{ cfPsf] tnjsf] !@! k|ltztn] lgjf{rg eQf / tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] b/n]

    b}lgs vfhf÷vfgf eQf kfpg] / ;f] afx]s cGo ;'ljwf kfpg] Joj:yf gePsf]df % sfof{non] pQm

    ;'ljwfsf] cltl/Qm dtbfg s]Gb|df sd{rf/L v6g k6g tyf dtkq ?h" Koflsª cflb sfo{ u/] afkt

    cltl/Qm sfdsf] b}lgs eQf ?=@) nfv $# xhf/ vr{ n]v]sf] b]lvof] . sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ e'QmfgL lbg

    gldNg] pQm /sd vr{ n]v]sf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt lgjf{rg clws[t / n]vf k|d'vnfO{ lhDd]jf/ jgfO{

    ;DalGwt sd{rf/Laf6 c;'n ug'{kb{5 .

    14. s/ s§L – cfos/ P]g, @)%* cg'';f/ sfof{non] u/]sf] eQf e'QmfgLdf !% k|ltztsf b/n] clu|ds/ s§L ug'{kb{5 . sfof{non] dtu0fgf eQf e'QmfgL ubf{ >f]tdf s/ s§L u/]sf] b]lvPg . :yfgLo txsf]

    t];|f] r/0fsf] lgjf{rgdf ^) sfof{non] / k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgdf Ps

    sfof{non] dtu0fgf eQf e'QmfgLdf s/ s§L gu/]sf]n] qmdzM ?=!# nfv (@ xhf/ / ?=! nfv ^^

    xhf/ ;d]t ?=!% nfv %* xhf/ lhDd]jf/ kbflwsf/Laf6 c;'n ug''{kb{5 .

    15. a9L vr{ – cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgodfjnL @)^$ cg';f/ sfof{non] :jLs[t ah]6 vr{ ubf{ ;+nUg lan e/kfO{cg';f/sf] /sd dfq vr{ n]Vg'kb{5 . :yfgLo txsf] t];|f] r/0fsf] lgjf{rgdf !( sfof{non] ?=

    !@ nfv $* xhf/ / k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgdf #! sfof{non] ?=@@ nfv

    %! xhf/ ;d]t ?=#$ nfv (( xhf/ ;|]:tfdf ;+nUg lan e/kfO{ eGbf a9L vr{ n]v]sf 5g\ . lan

    e/kfO{ eGbf a9L vr{ n]v]sf] /sd c;'n ug'{kb{5 .

  • lgjf{rg cfof]u

    dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 26

    cg'udg tyf a]?h"

    cg'udg – ut jif{sf] k|ltj]bgdf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lg0f{o gu/fO{ kbflwsf/L ;'ljwf vr{ n]v]sf], k|fljlws

    ;xfotf vr{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f gu/fPsf], lgb]{lzsfsf] kfngf gePsf] nufotsf Joxf]/f cf}FNofOPsf]df ;'wf/

    u/]sf] b]lvPg .

    cfof]u / dftxtsf ;d]t $() lgsfodf of] jif{ ?=!^ s/f]8 *$ nfv &) xhf/ j]?h" b]lvPsf]df k|f/lDes

    k|ltj]bg pknJw u/fPkl5 @ lgsfon] ?=! nfv % xhf/ km5\of}{6 u/]sf]n] ?=!^ s/f]8 *# nfv ^% xhf/

    jfFsL /x]sf] 5 . ;f]dWo] ?=!@ nfv ^! xhf/ k]ZsL jfFsL /x]sf] 5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL–!% df 5 .

  • dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 27

    /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u

    g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$* df /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] Joj:yf 5 . cfof]udf cWoIf ;lxt

    cGo $ ;b:o /xg] / cWoIf tyf ;b:ox?sf] lgo'lQm ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltaf6 x'g] Joj:yf

    5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$( cg';f/ dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g tyf To;sf] k|efjsf/L

    sfof{GjognfO{ ;'lglZrt ug'{ cfof]usf] st{Jo x'g] pNn]v 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g Pj+

    ;f]sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{ k|fKt ph'/L Pj+ ;"rgfsf] ;Íng, cWoog, cg';Gwfg, hfFra'em tyf lg/LIf0f

    u/L k|ltj]bg ;fy olsg ug]{ h:tf sfo{ cfof]uaf6 ;Dkfbg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . cfof]u / dftxtsf If]qLo Pj+

    pkIf]qLo ;d]t ( sfof{nodf ljleGg txsf #)( sd{rf/Lsf] b/aGbL /x]sf] 5 .

    cfof]u / dftxt lgsfosf] of] jif{ ljlgof]]hg ?=!* s/f]8 ^! nfv @# xhf/, /fh:j ?=## nfv ^(

    xhf/ / w/f}6L ?=!) nfv #) xhf/ ;d]t ?=!( s/f]8 % nfv @@ xhf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f]

    sf/f]jf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0fjf6 b]lvPsf pNn]Vo Joxf]/f lgDg cg';f/ 5g\ M

    != ph'/L btf{ / km5\of}{6 – /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g, @)^* sf] bkmf !% df dfgj clwsf/

    pNnª\3g jf To;sf] b'?T;fxg ePsf] ;DaGwdf k|fKt ph'/L jf hfgsf/L jf cfk}m :jljj]sdf sf/afxL

    rnfPsf] ;DaGwdf ^ dlxgfleq dfgj clwsf/sf] pNNfª\3g jf b'?T;fxg eP gePsf] cfof]un] lg0f{o

    ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . cfof]udf ut jif{sf] lhDd]jf/L ;d]t $ xhf/ @!# ph'/LdWo] o; jif{ ##%

    km5\of}}{6 eO{ # xhf/ *&* km5\of}{6 ug{ afFsL /x]sf] 5 .

    @= l;kmfl/; – dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g tyf To;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{GjognfO{ cfof]un]

    ;'lglZrt ug'{kb{5 . cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/ pNNfª\3g, xgg P+j b'?T;fxg ePsf] egL k/]sf ph'/Lsf]

    cWoog, cg';Gwfg u/L k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df ;/sf/ jf ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ cfjZos sf/afxLsf

    nflu l;kmfl/; pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g ;DaGwdf cfof]usf]

    l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog ug]{tk{m Wofg lbg'kb{5 .

    a]?h" l:ylt – cfof]u / dftxt;d]t # lgsfodf of] jif{ ?=! nfv (# xhf/ a]?h" b]lvPsf]df k|f/lDes

    k|ltj]bgsf] k|ltlqmof;fy k|df0f k'i6\ofOF k|fKt gePsf]n] km5\of}{6 ug{ afFsL /x]sf] 5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f

    cg';"rL–!% df 5 .

  • dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&% 28

    dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{no

    g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !%& df g]kfndf Ps dxfGofoflwjQmf /xg] / lghsf] lgo'lQm k|wfgdGqLsf]

    l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltaf6 x'g] Joj:yf 5 . ;+ljwfgdf n]lvPb]lv afx]s s'g} cbfnt jf Goflos clwsf/L ;dIf

    g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 d'4f rnfpg] jf grnfpg] eGg] s'/fsf] clGtd lg0f{o ug]{ / g]kfn ;/sf/sf]

    tkm{af6 rnfOg] d'4fx?sf] ;Gbe{df ;DjlGwt cbfnt jf Goflos clwsf/L ;dIf cleof]ukq jf lkm/fbkq btf{

    ug]{, d'4fsf] ax; k}/jL k|lt/Iff ug]{ Pj+ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf clwsf/LnfO{ sfg"gL /fo

    k|bfg ug]{ nufotsf sfd, st{Jo dxfGofoflwjQmfdf lglxt /x]sf] / ;+3Lo ;+;b jf To;sf] s'g} ;ldltsf]

    a}7sdf pkl:yt eO{ sfg"gL k|Zgsf] ;DjGwdf /fo JoQm ug]{ Joj:yf 5 . dxfGoflwjQmfn] cfkm'n] ;Dkfbg

    u/]sf] sfdsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg /fi6«klt ;dIf k]z ug]{ u/]sf] 5 .

    dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{nodf $ gfoj dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] g]t[Tjdf sfof{no tyf hgzlQm ljsf;

    ljefu, of]hgf cg';Gwfg tyf cg'udg ljefu, dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f, sfg"gL /fo tyf ;'zf;g ljefu, d'4f

    Joj:Yffkg ljefu;d]t $ ljefu /x]sf 5g\ . dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ lglxt clwsf/x? dftxtsf] ;/sf/L jlsn

    sfof{nox?df k|Tofof]hg x'g ;Sg] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfcg';f/ pRr cbfnt /x]sf :yfgdf pRr ;/sf/L jlsn

    sfof{no, sf7df8f}df ljz]if ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{no / lhNnf txdf lhNnf ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{no :yfkgf

    eO{ sfo{;Dkfbg x'b} cfPsf] 5 . d'n'sL ck/fw -;+lxtf_ P]g, @)&$ tyf ;/sf/L jsLn ;DjGwL lgodfjnL, -

    ;+zf]wg ;lxt_ @)%% n] ;/sf/L jsLnsf] cGo sfd st{Jo / clwsf/nfO{ Jojl:yt u/]sf] 5 .

    sfof{no / dftxt lgsfosf] of] jif{ ljlgof]]hg ?=(( s/f]8 $! nfv (& xhf/, /fh:j ?=%@ nfv (#

    xhf/ / w/f}6L ?=# s/f]8 ** nfv !( xhf/ ;d]t ?=! cj{ # s/f]8 *# nfv ( xhf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg

    ePsf] 5 . ;f] sf/f]af/sf] n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf pNn]v Joxf]/f lgDgfg';f/ 5g\M

    != ;+u7g ;+/rgf / b/aGbL – sfof{nosf] :jLs[t ;+u7g ;+/rgf / b/aGbLcg';f/ dxfGoflwjStfsf]

    sfof{no !, pRr ;/sf/L jlsnsf] sfof{no !*, ljz]if ;/sf/L jlsnsf] sfof{no !, lhNnf ;/sf/L

    jlsnsf] sfof{no && ;d]t (& sfof{no /x]sf 5g\ . ;f] ;+u7gsf] nflu clws[t:t/sf $!! /

    ;xfos :t/sf %)% ;d]t (!^ sd{rf/Lsf] b/aGbL /x]sf] 5 .

    @= /0fgLlts of]hgf – g]kfn ;/sf/sf] @)&$.)&% sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf dxfGofoflwjQmfsf]

    sfof{nosf] bf];|f] /0fgLlts of]hgf -@).&$–@)&&.&*_ tLj|tfsf ;fy sfof{Gjog ul/g] pNn]v 5 .

    sfof{noaf6 ;/sf/jfbL cleof]hgnfO{ j:t'ut / k|efjsf/L agfpg], ;/sf/jfbL d'2f / l/6sf]

    k|lt/Iffdf k|efjsf/L k|ltlglwTj ug]{, ;/sf/L jlsnsf] k]zfnfO{ Joj;flos agfpg], dxfGofoflwjQmfsf]

    sfof{no / ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{nox?sf] ;+:yfut ;[b[9Ls/0f ug]{ $ /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] nIo

    sfof{Gjogsf] nflu ?=# cj{ *! s/f]8 () nfv $% xhf/ jh]6 cg'dfg ul/Psf]df ?=&@ s/f]8 ^@

    nfv (! xhf/ -!(=! k|ltzt_ dfq vr{ ePsf] 5 . /0fgLlts of]hgfnfO{ tLa|tfsf;fy sfof{Gjog

    ug{'kb{5 .

    #= d'2fsf] nut – sfof{nosf] nutcg';f/ ut jif{sf] lhDd]jf/L / o; jif{ btf{;d]t s'n &$ xhf/ *%!

    d'2fdWo] o; jif{ $! xhf/ &(@ km5|of}{6 u/L ## xhf/ %( km5\of}{6 ug{ af+FsL b]lvG5 .

    a]?h" l:ylt – sfof{no / dftxtsf ;d]t #@ lgsfodf of] jif{ ?=@ s/f]8 (! nfv && xhf/ a]?h"

    b]lvPsf]df k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg pknAw u/fPkl5 ! lgsfon] ?=*) xhf/ km5\of}{6 u/]sf]n] ?=@ s/f]8 () nfv

    (& xhf/ afFsL /x]sf] 5 . ;f]dWo] ?= @ s/f]8 ( nfv !^ xhf/ k]ZsL afFsL /x]sf] 5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f

    cg';"rL–!% df 5 .

  • 29 dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] 5kGgf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)&%

    k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\\sf] sfof{no

    sfof{nosf] sfo{ If]qdf sfo{ ljefhg / dGqfnox?sf] u7g, lj36g tyf ;Fu7g ;+/rgf x]/km]/, g]kfn

    ;/sf/sf] sfo{;Dkfbg lgodfjnL, ljleGg dGqfnosf] sfo{sf] /]vb]v, lgoGq0f, lg/LIf0f, ;'kl/j]If0f, ;dGjo,

    cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg, dlGqkl/ifb\\sf lg0f{osf] sfof{Gjog tyf ;f]sf] cg'udg, ljw]os, cWofb]z, lgod tyf

    cfb]zsf] th'{df, :jLs[lt, Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] clwj]zg cfJxfg / cGTo, ;'zf;g tyf ;+3Lo 9fFrfsf] k|zf;g

    k'g;{+/rgf, ;Demf}tf jf ;xdlt sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg, k|wfgdGqLsf] lgb]{zg sfof{Gjog, ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf]

    cBfjlws hfgsf/L, lgb]{zgnufotsf sfo{ /x]sf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\\sf] sfof{no;d]t !()

    lgsfoaf6 ;]jf k|jfx x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .

    sfof{no / cGtu{t lgsfosf] of] jif{ ljlgof]]hg ?=! va{ @) ca{ %# s/f]8 ( nfv (! xhf/, /fh:j

    ?=@) s/f]8 (@ nfv !^ xhf/, w/f}6L ?=@ ca{ @ s/f]8 %( nfv # xhf/ / cGo sf/f]af/ ?=## ca{ &^ s/f]8

    $& nfv &) xhf/ ;d]t ?=! va{ %^ ca{ %# s/f]8 * nfv *) xhf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

    sfof{no dftxtsf cGo ;+:yf !@ sf] ?=@ ca{ ^( s/f]8 @& nfv ($ xhf/sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 .

    ;f] sf/f]af/sf] n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf pNn]Vo Joxf]/f lgDgfg';f/ 5g\M

    1. vr{df ldtJolotf – sfof{noaf6 @)&$ sflt{s b]lv kf}if;Dd # dlxgfsf] cjlwdf ljgf ljefuLo dGqLx?sf] ;'ljwf tyf lghL ;lrjfnosf sd{rf/Lx?sf] tna tyf cGo ;'ljwfdf ?=! s/f]8 !* nfv

    ^) xhf/ vr{ ePsf] 5 . axfndf /x]sf ljefuLo dGqLx?nfO{ ljgf ljefuLodf kl/0ft u/L ;f]xL

    sfdsf] nflu dGqLx? lgo'Qm u/L ;]jf ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpFbf /fHosf]ifdf yk Jooef/ kg{ uPsf] 5 .

    ;/sf/L vr{ ldtJooL / cf}lrTok"0f{ x'g'kb{5 .

    ;"rgf k|ljlw ljsf; cfof]hgf

    g]kfndf ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;sf nflu Pl;ofnL ljsf; a}Í;Fu ;g\ @))* df ePsf] ;Demf}tf

    cg';f/ of] cfof]hgf ;g\ @))* h'nfO{df z'? eO{ @)!$ l8;]Dj/df ;DkGg x'g] nIo /x]sf]df ;g\ @)!*

    l8;]Dj/;Dd Dofb yk ePsf] 5 . ;"rgf k|ljlwnfO{ ;do cg's"n agfpg k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf]

    sfof{non] ;dGjo ug]{ u/L nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, u[x dGqfno, /fli6«o kl/rokq Joj:yfkg s]Gb|, oftfoft

    Joj:yf