DURABILITY ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT WARM MIX ASPHALT CONTAINING RECLAIMED ASPHALT

PAVEMENTM. Perez-Martinez*, P. Marsac*, T. Gabet*, F. Hammoum*, M. Lopes**, S.

Pouget***

* LUNAM Université, IFSTTAR, MAST, MIT, F-44341 Bouguenais, France** Polytechnic School University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil*** EIFFAGE Travaux Publics, Direction Recherche & Innovation, F-69960 Corbas, France

INTRODUCTION & OBJECTIVES

MATERIALS & METHODS

RESULTS & DISCUSSION

CONCLUSIONS

The research presented in this poster was carried out as part of the Marie Curie Initial Training Network (ITN) action, FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement number 607524.

[1] B. Hill, “Performance evaluation of warm mix asphalt mixtures incorporating reclaimed asphalt pavement,” University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2011

[2] M. Zaumanis, “Warm Mix Asphalt Investigation,” Riga Technical University, 2010[3] C. De La Roche et al., “Hot Recycling of Bituminous Mixtures,” in Advances in

Interlaboratory Testing and Evaluation of Bituminous Materials - State-of-the-Art, Springer, 2013, pp. 361–429.

[4] LCPC, “Fatigue carousel at IFSTTAR, Nantes,” Nantes, France, 2007.[5] M. Lopes, T. Gabet, L. Bernucci, and V. Mouillet, “Durability of hot and warm asphalt

mixtures containing high rates of reclaimed asphalt at laboratory scale,” Mater. Struct., 2014

REFERENCES

esr3.superitn.eu @mig_prz

miguel.perez-martinez@ifsttar.fr

DURABILITY

Warm Mix Asphalts• Reduction of emissions• Energy consumption• Improved workability

Reclaimed Asphalt

Pavement• Reduction of aggregates extraction and asphalt disposal

• Reuse of materials

CO

NT

EX

T

AIM OF THE STUDY

Comparison of the mechanical performance and bitumen evolution of a reference HMA and two WMA mixtures, surfactant and foamed technologies

Addition of 50% of RAP

Characterization of ageing[1]-[2]

Short term – 4 hours 135°C

Long term – 9 days 85°C

Mixture Denomination % RAP Ageing Aggregates

(°C) RAP (°C)

Manufacture (°C)

Hot Mix Asphalt

HMA0 0 160 - 160

HMA0a 0

HMA50 50 210 110 160

HMA50a 50

Warm Mix Asphalt

with surfactant

WMA0 0 130 - 130

WMA0a 0

WMA50 50 150 110 130

WMA50a 50

Foamed Warm Mix

Asphalt

FWMA0 0 130 - 130

FWMA0a 0

FWMA50 50 150 110 130

FWMA50a 50

Bitumen always at 160°C

Twelve AC10 mixtures with 5.39% of 35/50 bitumen content were manufactured.

Considering that the work is focused on the study and comparison of mixtures durability, the ageing procedure was performed on six of the mixtures. The objective was to represent in laboratory the process that takes place during construction and service life. The ageing protocol used is based on the ageing procedure proposed by the RILEM Technical Committee ATB TG5[3]. The short term ageing involved heating the loose mix during 4h at 135°C before compaction. Thus, the long term ageing, on compacted mix lasted 9 days at 85°C.

Studied mixtures and temperature of manufacture

[4]-[5]

TESTING

Bitumen Tests

Penetration and softening point results by the index carbonyl of every sample is represented, also a tendency curve has been added in each case.

An imaginary limit seemed to appear around the lowest and highest values, as if a top hardening could be reached with ageing.

Foaming affects oxidation process differently?

Mixtures TestsMixture ICo ε6 Voids Target

voids Corrected

ε6 Module

10°C, 25Hz % 10-6 % % 10-6 MPa

HMA0 1.80 118 3.6 4.5 115 16,948 HMA0a 4.96 123 4.5 4.5 123 17,070 HMA50 4.08 132 3.0 4.5 127 17,045 HMA50a 8.27 128 2.6 4.5 122 19,171 WMA0 1.46 102 4.0 4.5 100 16,266 WMA0a 5.40 127 3.2 4.5 123 18,888 WMA50 3.74 120 4.2 4.5 119 16,438 WMA50a 8.39 114 2.8 4.5 108 19,466 FWMA0 0.48 92 4.1 4.5 91 16,436 FWMA0a 5.40 113 3.9 4.5 111 17,932 FWMA50 5.47 108 3.5 4.5 105 16,881 FWMA50a 10.35 120 2.5 4.5 113 18,971

Mean ε6 116 Max-Mean ε6 16 (13.39%) SD ε6 1.1 Mean-Min ε6 24 (20.97%)

Coef. Var (%)ε6 9.87% ε6 (EN 13108-1) 10-6 100

Fatigue

0 % RAP 50 % RAP By % RAP

The results obtained on the fatigue test compared to complex modulus results confirm the tendencies observed. When the level of modulus increases the material turns to a more brittle response, which is what occurs with the slopes of the fatigue laws.

With these levels of dispersion, it is not clear whether they should be attributed to flaws in the test or if it reflects the intrinsic properties of the WMA and FWMA.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

An asymptote is reached by most of the mixtures for the penetration and softening point tests. With regards to fatigue performance, independently of the manufacture technique employed the

addition of 50% of RAP seems to rise systematically both the values of ε6 and complex modulus. 

In terms of mechanical performance improvement, the ageing protocol applied seems to increase the response of the mixtures, ε6 and complex modulus, regardless of the technique used for the manufacture of the mixes. 

?