Duoc Lieu Chua Carbohydrat

8/17/2019 Duoc Lieu Chua Carbohydrat

1/93

BOÄ MOÂN DÖÔÏC LIEÄU

DÖÔÏC LIEÄU

CHÖÙA CARBOHYDRAT


2/93

Nội dung1. Bie! "#$%& &'u !(u)& &u*' !in+ ,-!/ &e00u0-e/

g-23/ &+'! n+'45 6'7 8e&!in.

9. :;n+ !


3/93


4/93

>?T @N >CU TO

@ 3! &Pu !(Q& 3-n-'&&+'(id 04 n+ng 8-05+5d(-S5'0de+5d F'0d-eG +-&

8-05+5d(-S5&e!-n F&e!-eG.

Tn !i dVWi dng 3&+ +X +-& 3&+ 6;ng F,n'&e!'0G. Zn 8+[3 ngVng !\ 04 -0ig-'&&+'(id 64 8-05'&&+'(id. D]n &+P! &^' &+Qng 04 && g05&-id.

>_NH NH`AaCarbohydrate hay glucid là những hợp chất hữu cơ

gồm những monosaccharid, những dẫn chất hoặcnhững sản phẩm ngng t! c"a ch#ngb


5/93

cHÂN LOI

C'(,-+5d('!e +'5 g0u&id &+i' !+4n+ K 0-i M-n-'&&+'(id 04 n+ng Vng fn +$ng !+ &+-&'&,-+5d('!e fn giZn +fn +i !+^5 8+2n. C& Vng

fn !n !i !(-ng !h n+in !j = kn l &'(,-n. O0ig-'&&+'(id +i !+^5 8+2n &+- !j 9 kn m Vngfn. c-05'&&+'(id & 8+2n !o (P! 0Wn g3 n+iu3-n-'&&+'(id npi 6Wi n+'u.

05&-id 04 n+ng +q8 &+P! +u &f !- !+4n+ d- hngVng !\ gi' Vng F'&&+'(idG 6Wi 3ộ! 8+2n !o +u &f+& F'g05&-n r geninG


6/93


7/93

D'n+ 8+')8 Chuoãi -D vaø -L

g05&e('0de+5d F!+e- +n+ &+ieu &u*' si+e(G C-) 1 &'(,-n ,'! "-i → &-) 9 "-4ng 8+'2n en'n!+i-

FRG 6'7 FG. OH !+#) &'8 S' n+'!/ ,e2n 8+'*i → DJg05&e('0de+5d 6'7 OH !+#) &'8 S' n+'!/ ,e2n !(')i → LJg05&e('0de+5d

CHO

C

CH2OH

OHH

CHO

C

CH2OH

HHO

CH C OH

HHO

H OH

C

C

CHO

OHH

CH2OH

2

1

3

4

5

6

CH2OH

C=O

C HHO

C OHHC OHH

CH2OH

D-Glyceraldehyd L-Glyceraldehyd

D-Glucose D-Fructose


8/93

CAtU HNH LAÄc THEv

Vì caùc carbon trong voøng thuoäc loaïi sp3 neânnhöõng phaân töû sau khoâng naèm trong matpha!ng maø coù bie"n #o$i% &aïng ghe"' &aïngthu(e)n' &aïng nöûa ghe" ...

*a"u hình laäp the$ cuûa +,+-lucop(ranose

o

OH

OH

HO OH

HO O

OH OH

OH

OH

HO


9/93

*a"u truùc voøng cuûamonosacchari&

+ .uø( thuoäc vaøo ca"u taïo cuûa ca)u no"i /0→1 ha( 0→2'voøng coù the$ 4û &aïng 2 caïnh ha( 5 caïnh /6uranose ha(p(ranose7+ Vieäc #oùng voøng #öa #e"n 8 #o)ng phaân baùn acetal'vaø goïi laø #o)ng phaân anomer7

+ *a"u hình laø khi nhoùm 9: baùn acetal /*0 coù cuønghö4ùng v4ùi nhoùm *:89: thöù ca"p #aõ #ö4ïc ;aùc #i seõ laø ca"u hình

α- D-Glucopyranose -D-Glucopyranose


10/93

OLIOACCHARID

o

CH2OH

HO

OH

O

o

CH2OH

H

H

C

OH

O

oHOH2

oHO

HO

HO

OH

oo

OH

OH

HO

HO

↔

Disaccharid

$ucrose% % /? saccharose 0 &isacchari& @uan troïngtrong k(õ ngheä / +,+glucop(ranos(l+/0→8+ +,+6ructo6uranosi&' khoâng coù tAnh khöû


11/93

B9CDEF**:FGH,F Tin+ ,ộ!/ g$3/ &+P! n+45/ 8e&!in/ &e00u0-e..G

.HI: JK. Tin+ ,ộ! 04 Zn 8+[3 !j u'ng !wng +q8 &^' &25 S'n+ dh !( !(-ng+!/ &^/ uZ/ 0 Tin+ ,-! !-4n !'%i !(-ng &'25 d#$)i d'%ng +'%! &-) +n+ d'%ng 6'7


12/93

T~NH CHAtT CHUN CU•A TINH BOÄT

1. D'%ng +'%!/


13/93

*aùc loaïi tinh boät thoâng &uïng Hn+d'%ng

L-'%i !in+,-!

:'‚& !


14/93

*aùc loaïi tinh boät thoâng &uïng

Hn+d'%ng

L-'%i !in+,-!

:'‚& !

Coi& la$h!yma 'obi L thuoä$ ho) Lu*a(Poa$a"

Me)8 g$%n -)ng


15/93

*aùc loaïi tinh boät thoâng &uïng Hn+

d'%ng

L-'%i !in+

,-!

:'‚& !


16/93

*aùc loaïi tinh boät thoâng &uïng

Hn+d'%ng

L-'%i !in+,-!

:'‚& !


17/93

C')& 0-'%i !in+ ,-! !+-2ng du%ng


18/93


19/93

Š TH‹Y cHÂN TINH BŒTF Tin+ ,-! &-) !+e !+u5* 8+'2n ,'|ng '&id +-'‚& ,'|ngen53G

THUY• cHAÂN BAN ACIDA&id !+u5* gi'*i !in+ ,-! !+'7n+ "#$7ng .

Žu' &')& &+ng

deS!(in/e(5!+(-deS!(in/'&+(-deS!(in/

3'0!-e/

g0u&-e.A350-e d ,‡ !+u5* 8+'2n +$n '350-8e&!in6 d'25 npi F1 KG d ,‡ &'z! +$n 0'7 d'25 npiF1ƒG


20/93

Š TH‹Y cHÂN TINH BŒT

DETRIN F'350-deS!(inGJ T'n !(-ng nVW&/&n 9…‘ 64 ,‡ !^' ,Xi &n &'- ộ.J C+- 34u S'n+ 6Wi 0ug-0

ERYTHRODETRIN J T'n !(-ng &n ……‘. J &+- 34u ’ n2u 6Wi !! 0ug-0

ACHRODETRINJ T'n !(-ng &n „x‘. J €+$ng &+- 34u 6Wi !! 0ug-0


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*aùch tie"n haønh%

07 ,


22/93

THUY• cHAÂN TINH BOÄT

CH3

CH3

CH2OCH3

H

O

O

H

H

O

HO

H

O

CH3

1

23

4

5

6 6

5

4

3 2

1

CH3

CH3

6

5

4

3 2

1

CH3

CH3 CH3

3

4

5

CH3

CH2OCH3

H

O

H

H

O

HO

H

3

4

55

4

3 2

1CH3

CH2OCH3

H

O

H

H

O

HO

H

O

H

O H

O

H

H

O

H

CH2OCH3

OCH3

CH2

1

23

4

5

CH3

CH3

1

23

4

5

6

CH3

CH3

1

23

4

5

66

5

4

3 2

1

CH3

CH2OCH3

H

O

O

H

H

O

HO

H

O

CH3

CH3

CH3O

CH2

2

1

H

OCH3 H

HO

H

O

H

O H

O

H

H

O

H

CH2OCH3

O

H OCH3

H

OCH3

H

H

HO

H

O

H

O H

H

H

OCH3

H

CH2OCH3

OCH3 OCH3

OCH3

I II III IV

V VI VII VIII IX

6

5

4

32

1

CH3

CH2OCH3

H

O

O

H

H

O

HO

H

OH

CH3

CH3

H2O (H+)

I, IV, V, IX 2,3,4,6- Tetramethylgluo!e

55

CH2OCH3

H

OCH3

H

H

HO

H

OHO

OCH3

H

II, III, VI 2,3,6 - Tr"methylgluo!e

O OH

H

O H

H

H

OCH3

H

OCH3

CH2OH

H

VII, VIII 2,3- #"methylgluo!e

:$n 6;&u-i 3'% &+G(

(:$n 6;$*gi#}'G

F:ieE3 8+'2n n+')n+G


23/93

B. TH‹Y cHÂN B”N ENYM '350'eg3 & †J'350'e 64 –J'350'e

†J'350'e &—! ng]u n+in 64- d25 npi F1KG. e! u'* pi 6Wi '350-e 3'0!-e Flx‘G ˜ g0u&-e pi 6Wi '350-8e&!in 3'0!-e F&+^ 5kuG ˜ deS!(in 8+2n !o ,z ˜

g0u&-e

–J'350'e &'z! Sen e} 6'7- d'25 n-i F1KG.+i g'‚8 3'%&+ n+')n+ !+ ng#7ng.

e! u'*

pi 6Wi '350-e 3'0!-e F1xx‘Gpi 6Wi '350-8e&!in 3'0!-e F…xJƒx‘G ˜ deS!(in 8+2n !o 0Wn


24/93

.:UD B:FWI .HI: J9X. JFYI- *FZ*LI[DP M:FZ*

*FZ* LI[DP M:FZ* *où trong n\m m]c /Fspergillus niger' Ghi^opus

&elemar th_( phaân tinh boät thaønh glucose 7 `ö4ïc öùng &uïng trong laøm nö4ùc tö4ng töø

#aäu naønh vaø c4m ne"pcoù trong #aäu' khoai taâ( coù en^(m

phosphor(lase

coù trong na"m bia en^(m taùch nhaùnh G+en^(m' isoam(lase+ `ö4ïc öùng &ung trong k(õ ngheä laøm bia77


25/93

*: JHI .HI: JK.Ngu5e2n !'z& &+k ,ien !in+ ,ộ! gp3 &')& gi'i"-'%n

1G Ng+in +! Vq& ,ộ!

9G N+4- 6Wi nVW&/ 0™& u' (25/ 0P5 8+šn dVWi (25. =G C+- 0n 3en F0-i 8(-!ein/ 0i8idG

KG Ro' nVW& (i 8+fi +$

F0-i Vng !h d-/ 3upi +-ng/ 6i!'3inG+i &+u) Tin+ ,-! +')& 6$)i ,-! &+› &'4nng+ie4n d#$%& 0ieu 0'7 "#$%& ,-!.


26/93

dI: .fI: + `I: CjI- .HI:J9X.

AJ:œNH T~NHJ D#%' !(e2n !


27/93

:œNH LÖÔÏN TINH BOÄT

:œNH LÖÔN BAN cHÖÔN cHAÙc THUY• cHAÂNAJ T+u5* 8+'2n !(#%& !ie8 ,'|ng '&idBJ T+u5* 8+'2n !(#%& !ie8 ,'7ng en53 'u

!+u5* 8+'2n ,'|ng '&idC ž c+#$ng 8+')8 &u*' cu(e

:œNH LÖÔN BAN cc €HOÂN THUY• cHAÂN

A ž c+#$ng 8+')8 du7ng 8+'2n %& e. B Ÿ c+#$ng 8+')8 !'%- 8+#)& 6$)i i-d


28/93

:œNH LÖÔN BAN cHÖÔNcHAÙc THUY• cHAÂN

:œNH LÖÔN BANcHÖÔN cHAÙc THUY•

cHAÂN

Ì: CI- JFYI- B:I- B:FZB .:UDB:FWI

.hu(û phaân tröïc tie"p baèng aci&Igu(n tc %+inh bt th"y ph-n b.ng acid cho ra glucose/ 01nh lợng glucose suy ra lợng tinh bt 7 CƒH19OƒFCƒH1xO…GnñH9O F1ñG FCƒH19OƒG

.in h)nh J R#*' ngu5n 0i¡u ,¢ng nVW& &P! nguộiF9/…J=gGJ T+^5 8+2nF 64i gi ,¢ng 9xx30 H9O 64 9x 30 HC0GJ L43 nguội 64 !(ung !


29/93

.h_( phân bng en^(m ri tip theobng aci&

Dùng men trong dịch chiết Mạch nha (Enzym amylase )

- Thủy phn tinh !"t th#nh $%&ng h'a tan(maltose).

- Thủy gii cc $%&ng $*i (maltose) !+ng acidcho ra gl,cose

- ịnh l%ng gl,cose.

- /,y ra l%ng tinh !"t


30/93


31/93

B:I- B:FZB M:9WI- .:UDB:FWI

Bhqng ph"p &ùng phân cc k J H;' !'n !in+ ,ộ! !(-ng C'C09 & 64

nng 7J >- ,¢ng 8+2n &h& k

- 6Wi &+u[n ¦†§Dr 9xx


32/93

B:I- B:FZB M:9WI- .:UDB:FWI

phqng ph"p t>o phc vi io&

J H;' !'n !in+ ,ộ! !(-ng '&id8e(&+0-(i&.J T+3 dung d‡&+ i-d

J >- 34u X ,VW& ng !+


33/93

*I- ,I- *wF .HI:JK.

CI- .:j* JL'7 !+'7n+ 8+'4n &+


34/93

Mộ! p Vng d\ng +& M'0!-deS!(in T+u© giZi +u +n !in+ ,ộ!.

J iQ8 &+- 6i¡& !iu +- d d4ng.

J &+png k! !in+ 0i Vng !(-ng && &+k 8+[3&5&0-deS!(in g3 ƒJm Vng fn ng 6;ng

J giQ8 giZi 8+ng !+up& !j !j / z- d4iJ T(-ng &$ng ng+¡ d)ng 043 |n !-Z +Vfng !+f3

>Vng ng+‡&+ &+u5n0u&-e r ª(u&!-eJ &Zi !+i¡n 6‡ gipng n+V 3«! -ng

Inu0in &+^ 5ku 04 g05&'n 64 3ộ!

-(,i!-0 F+5d(- gen +- 0u&-eGJ gi nVW& &+png k! !in+ VngJ €- & 6‡ d &+‡uJ T+¤& ¬n ing &+- ngVi !iu VngJ T- 8+¤& 6Wi i3 0-i ,Z- uZn &+P! ,z-


35/93

DÖÔÏC LIEÄU CHÖÙA TINH BOÄT

CAÙT CA®N .adi& Pu!a!iaCa*t $a/n laø $u0 saén daây (Pu!a!ia thomsoni 1nth"2

thuoä$ ho) 3aäu (4aba$a"

3a5$ ,i6m th7)$ vaät 8

J loa)i daây lo ( 9:; m"2 la* k*< %o=m > la* $h*tJ Cuo?n% la* $h*t 0 %i7@a daøi2 $uo?n% la* $h*t bânn%aén La* $h*t $o* th6 thuøy

J hoa maøu &anh2 mo)$ thaønh $huøm 0 k@ la* $o*nhi=u loân%

J Cu0 daøi vaø to $o* th6 na5n% t*i ; k%2 $o* nhi=u &


36/93

HNH CAÂY A¯N DAÂYFPu!a!ia thomsoni 1nth 4aba$aG


37/93

HNH CAÂY A¯N DAÂYFPu!a!ia thomsoni 1nth 4aba$aG


38/93

B- 8+'n du7ng 6'7 &+e ,ien

CHEt BIEtN THA°NH @œ THUOtCRe{ &u* (#}' '%&+ / ,-)& ,-* 0$)8 6-* d'75 ,e2n ng-'7i/&'z! !+'7n+ +u)& d'7i 1xJ1… &3.

FNeu &u* !- !+ ,- d-%& "e &-) n+#}ng !+'n+ d'75 +-'*ng 1 &3/G 'u "-) S-2ng die23 in+ (-4i 8+$i +-'‚& '5 +-2

CHEt TINH BOÄT. Mu-n &+e !in+ ,-! 'zn d'25 !+ ,-)& 6-*/ "e3 gi'} n+-*+-'‚& 3'7i +-'‚& S'25 ,'|ng 3')5/&+- !+e23 n#$)& (-4i n+'7- 0-%& u' ('25 !+#'/ 0-'%i ,'}/ 'u "-)0-%& 0'%i 1 0'4n n#}' u' ('25 d'75 +$n/ "e 0'zng/

g'%n 0'5 !in+ ,-! .:e3 8+$i +-'‚& '5 +-2.


39/93

THÀNH PHẦN HÓA HỌC FPu!a!ia thomsoni 1nth 4aba$aG

o

O

$ 1

$ 4

$ 3

$ 2Tinh bột :10-15%

isoflavonoid

TEÂN HÔÏc CHAtT R1 R9 R=RK

cue('(in F1G OH Jg0u H OH D'idin F9G OJg0& H H OH D'idein F=G OH H H OH

s-(3-ne!in FKG OH H H OMe cJ1 F…G OH Jg0& OH OH cJ9 FƒG OH Jg0&ƒJS50 H OH

cJ= F„G OH Jg0& OMe OHcJƒ FmG OH Jg0& H OJg0&


40/93

CAÙT CA®NF.adi& Pu!a!ia" T')& du%ng 6'7 &-2ng du%ng

#%&g h'a !t, lm ra m* h+", !" h+&g m. /0, h"& to ht &0, &h /7u, "8t l9::

#%&g h'a u&g r0u ;u &h"u />, h"& ht, ht !t, h& ?&, &+& m@a ra hAt hua, thB huy8t, /"t"D& ra mu:::

Ch'a mE" hFy mu !ut &gy h+&g &gG&g, tm th7& h"& mu>&I #%&g J !K& Ly t0M", g"N &t Kt lAy &0

t, u&g mP" l7& m>t hQ& o&Ch'a Fm &K&g, !t &R&g, &h /7u, ht &0, R m*h+", &R&g ru>t, &+& .eI #%&g t !K& Ly 12g hSa /0&gu&g

Ù ±


41/93

YÙ D± D7)$ liäu laø ha)t $u0a $aây B d $oøn %o)i laø bo bo

(Coi& la$h!yma 'obi L"2 thuoä$ ho) Lu*a (Poa$a"

:A²C :IEvM THÖÏC @AÄT @A° cHAÂN BOtC'25 !+'*- -ng +'7ng n'3/ &'- &+#7ng 1J1/… 3. T+'2n n+'³n ,-)ng &-) 6'%&+ d-%&. T+'2n &-) 8+'2nn+')n+/ &')& 3'u 8+


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43/93


44/93

BOÄ cHAÄN DU°N @A° CHEt BIEtN

H'%! +n+ !(#)ng d'7i …Jm 3 "#$7ng


45/93

YÙ D± (+mn Coi$is "

+2342 5264 278 29C

CH3

CH3

H OOC(CH2)U

(CH2)5CH3H OOC(CH2)

(CH2)5CH3

CH2 O C

O

CHOH

CH2OH

CH3

O

W

O

H

Coixenolid

- monolinolein

Benzoxazolon

TÁC DỤNG- Coixenolid

- - monolinolein01 tc d,ng ch2ng ,ng th%!- Benzoxazolon 3

01 tc d4ng 5hng 6i7m


46/93

C-2ng du%ng

T(-ng Y +-%& &- !(u5e4n YÙ d "#$%& du7ng !+u-& ,w !´/ giu)8 !ie2u +-)'/ &+#}' !ie2u &+'*5d- &+#)& n'ng !ie2u +-)' e)3/ 6ie23 (u-!/ 0µ/!+u-& !+-2ng !ieu !(-ng !(#$7ng +$%8 8+u7/ !ieu

!ien


47/93

HOA°I ÔN (.hiFoma Dios$o!a


48/93

:'‚& "ie3 !+#%& 6'! 6'7 8+'2n ,-

D'25 0e- u'n 'ng 8+'*i. T+'2n (e{ 8+n+ !+'7n+ &u* 'n '2u Su-ng "'! +-) "'7-/&u* +n+ &+'75 d'7i &-) !+e "en 1 3/ &-) n+ie4u (e{ &-n/3'‚! ng-'7i 3'7u S')3 n'2u ,e2n !(-ng &-) ,-! 3'7u !('zng.c+'4n !(e2n 3'‚! "'!/ $* e} 0') !+›n+ !+-'*ng &-) n+#}ng&u* &-n n+-* F!+ie2n +-'7iG &-) !+e "e3 !(-4ng "#$%&.

L') 3-%& "-i +-'‚& &-) +i 3-%& - 0e. L') "$n/ n+'³n/ +n+ !i3"'4u n+-%n &-) …J„ g'2n &+


49/93

B- 8+'n du7ng 6'7 &+e ,ien

Cu* 3'7i "'7- 6e4 (#*' '%&+ "'!/ g-%! 6-*/ng'23 n#$)& 8+e7n &+u' 9JK gi$7/ 6$)! ('&+- 6'7- 0-7 '5 die23 in+ "en +i &u*3e43 3'ng (' 8+$i +'5 '5 &+- e/ "e3g-%! 6'7 0'n !+'7n+ !(u% !(-7n. Tie8 !u%& '5 die23 in+ 1 ng'75 1 "e23n#}' (-4i "e3 8+$i +'5 '5 $* n+ie! "-ƒx°C &+- !$)i +i "- '3 +-2ng u') 1x‘.'u +i &+e ,ien/ +-'7i $n &-) +n+ !(u%

!(-7n d'7i mJ9x &3/ "#$7ng


50/93

T+'7n+ 8+'4n +-)' +-%&€ie3 ng+ie3

Hien n'5 3$)i ,ie! !+'7n+ 8+'4n &+u* 5eu0'7 !in+ ,-!/ &+'! n+'75.€ie3 ng+ie3

J -i ,-! !+'5 &-) n+ie4u +'%! !in+ ,-! +n+

!(#)ng +'5 +n+ !+'n/J C-) !e{ d'7i/d™& !+e- !(\& d4i &^' +! !in+ ,ộ!.J C-) +! +-2ng n+n !+P5 !.J 6'2n "-4ng !'23.J €


51/93

C-2ng du%ng

T(-ng 5 +-%& &- !(u5e4n/ +-'7i $n "#$%& du7ng0'73 !+u-& ,- !/ ,- !+'n/ 0µ 3'}n !


52/93


53/93

c-05'&&+'(id J CELLULOE

Ce00u0-e 0'7 !+'7n+ 8+'4n &+


54/93

D¸¹C LIºU CH»A CELLULOE


55/93

D¸¹C LIºU CH»A CELLULOEBOÂNFossy


56/93

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/vi/9/97/Bongvai.jpghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Feld_mit_reifer_Baumwolle.jpeg


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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Feld_mit_reifer_Baumwolle.jpeg


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COÂN DUÏN

T(-ng 5 +-%& ,-2ng "#$%& &+i' 0'73 9 0-'%i ,-2ng S$6'7 ,-2ng +u)! n#$)&. B-2ng S$ 0'7 ,-2ng !#% n+ie2n "'} "#$%& 0-'%i+'%! 6'7 n+'‚! '%&+ !'%8 &+'! +-2ng &'4n &+e

,ien g !+e23. L-'%i n'75 +-2ng +u)! n#$)&/du7ng 0'73 e23 +i ,'ng ,-) +-'‚& "e nu)!&')& ,n+/ -ng ng+ie3 &+#)' 3-2i !(#$7ngnu-2i &'5 6i +u'n/ n'3 3-&.

B-2ng +u)! n#$)& 0'7 ,-2ng "'} 0-'%i +e! &+'!,e)- (-4i !'5 !('zng/ 8+$i +-2/ ,-2ng n'75du7ng "e ,'ng ,-) &')& 6e! !+#$ng/ de! g'%&.


59/93

THA°NH cHA¼N HOAÙ HOÏC

Qa)t boân% +'%! "#$%& #* du%ng "e e)8 0'5 d'4u/ !5*0e +-'*ng 1…‘/ d'4u !+u-& 0-'%i n#*' +-2/ !+'7n+8+'4n &-) n+#}ng '&50 g05&e(-0 &u*' &')& '&id ,e)-&+#' n- F'&id -0ei& KxJ…x‘/ 0in-0ei& 9…J=x‘G

T(-ng +-2 d'4u &-7n &-) &')& 'z& !- &u*' ½'6-n-idFg05&-id &u*' ue(&e!-0 6'7 'e38ªe(-0G 6'7 "'‚& ,ie!&-) 3-! 'z& !- 3'7u "-* &'3 0'7 g-58-0 F1‘G.

-58-0 &-) "-& !


60/93

BOÂNFossy


61/93

OÂMJCHAtT NHA°Y

j+m ILo !c


62/93

OÂMJCHAtT NHA°Y CU TO

-23 6'7 &+'! n+'75 "#$%& &+i' 0'73 =n+-)3 J TRUN T~NH

J NHOÙM ACID MA° THA°NH cHA¼N COÙACID URONIC

J NHOÙM ACID MA° THA°NH cHA¼N COÙ

OtC ULsAT.

OÂM CHAtT NHA°Y cECTIN


63/93

OÂMJCHAtT NHA°YJcECTIN

NHOÙM TRUN T~NH0'7 n+#}ng g'0'&!-3'nn'n +-'‚& g0u&-3'nn'n. '0'&!-3'nn'n r DJ3'nn-e ˜ DJg'0'&!-e.

Ma)$h $hRnh $u0a $a*$


64/93

NHOÙM TRUN T~NH'0'&!-3'nn'n

H

H

H

CH2

H

OH

oo

H

OH

CH2OH

H

o

o

H

OH

o

H

H

H

OH

oH

H

CH2

H

H

o

OH

H

OH

H

OH

o

H

H

Ho

CH2OH

OHH

O

O H

CH2OH

H

OH

H

o

H

OHH

H H

CH2OH

H

OHo

OH

OH

H

H

H

O

NHOÙM ACID MA° THA°NH cHA¼N COÙ ACID


65/93

NHOÙM ACID MA° THA°NH cHA¼N COÙ ACIDURONIC

J -23 '(',i& 8+'2n !#* 0#$%ng +-'*ng 9…x.xxx/ 8+'2n

n+')n+ n+ie4u 6'7 &'u !'%- ,$*i &')& "$n 6; DJg'0'&!-85('n-e/ LJ'(',in-e/ LJ(+'3n-e/ '&id DJg0u&u(-ni&!+e- !5* 0e ==11/ !(-ng "-) 3'%&+ &+


66/93

c-05'&&+'(id !+u-& n+-)3 '&id

!+e gi$)i '*n Su'! "en 1x.xxx !'n '&id '0gini&

Ô• 3-! - !'*- n'2u &u}ng &-) 8-05'&&+'(id !+u-&n+-)3 '&id '&id '0gini&.

A&id '0gini& r '&id g0u&u(-ni& ˜ '&id 3'nnu(-ni&.D'25 n-i gi#}' &')& '&id 0'7 βJF1JKG/ 8+'2n !#* 0#$%ng !(ung,n+ +-'*ng 9xx.xxx. T5* 0e gi#}' &')& '&id u(-ni& !+'5 "-i!u57 !+e- ngu-4n g-&. Žu' #% !+u5* 8+'2n !#7ng 8+'4n &+-!+'5 &-) = ieu 'z8 Se8 !(-ng 8+'2n !#*/ &-) "-'%n 0'7

8-053'nnu(-ni&/ +-'‚& 8-05gu0u(-ni& +-'‚& Sen e} gi#}' 9'&id. Ô• &')& 0-'%i !'*- !+ '&id $* d'%ng 3u-i +-{n +$%8 N'/

Mg/ €/ C'. H'7ng n'3 '&id '0gini&.


67/93

N+-)3 '&id 3'7 !+'7n+ 8+'4n &-) g-&u0ª'!J

THAÏCH FAARJ AARG T+'%&+ 0'7 '*n 8+'3 &+e !#7 3-! - 0-'7i !'*- ,ien. C'u!'%- ,$*i 9 0-'%i 8-05'&&'(id +')& n+'u 'g'(-e 6'7'g'(-8e&!in.

Ag'(-e r βJDJg'0'&!-85('n-e !+e- d'25 n-i F1→=G ˜=/ ƒJ'n+5d(- αJLJg'0'&!-85('n-e !+e- d'25 n-i F1→KG F"#$7ng "-2in'75 &-) !e2n 0'7 'g'(-,i-eG

. Ag'(-e &+ie3 +-'*ng ……Jƒƒ‘ 6'7 &-) !+e !')&+ ,'|ng&')&+ e! !u*' 6$)i 8-05e!+50en g05&-0.

Ag'(-8e&!in !+ &+ie3 +-'*ng Kx‘ &u*' !-'7n ,-8-05'&&+'(id/ &-) &'u !(u)& 8+#)& !'%8. T+'7n+ 8+'4n &-) '&idg0u&u(-ni&/ DJg'0'&!-e“ =/KJ'n+5d(- LJg'0'&!-e. M-! 8+'4n&u*' &')& "$n 6; "#$7ng "#$%& e!e( +-)' 6$)i '&id u0ªu(i&.

T< +


68/93

-23 6'7 &+'! n+'75 J T


69/93


70/93

:')n+ gi') 3-! d#$%& 0ieu &+#)' g-23 +-'‚&

&+'! n+'45 J c+#$ng 8+')8 !u*' ,'|ng &-4n (-4i 0-%&/'5/ &'2n.J C-) !+e !u*' ,'|ng &+ '&e!'!.

J Ng#$7i !' &-7n "')n+ gi') ,'|ng 8+#$ng8+')8 "- "- n+$)!.

J C+› - n$*8

S$h so? n0 laø th6 tR$h tRnh baUn% ml maø

: %am d7)$ liäu khi n0 t!on% n7*$

$hi?m ,7)$V


71/93

:')n+ gi') 3-! d#$%& 0ieu &+#)' g-23 +-'‚&


72/93

:')n+ gi') 3-! d#$%& 0ieu &+#)' g-23 +-'‚&&+'! n+'45

Mu-n ,ie! !+'7n+ 8+'4n 3-n-'&&+'(id !(-ng&'u !(u)& &u*' g-23 +'5 &+'! n+'75 !' &-) !+e!ien +'7n+ !+u*5 8+'2n (-4i S')& ";n+ &')&

n-n-'&+'(id ,'|ng 8+#$ng 8+')8 'z& 5). - 'n+ 6Wi &'& Vng &+u[n

3i=u kiän thuy0


73/93

HÔÏc CHAtT cECTIN J ce&!in 0'7 n+#}ng &'(,-+5d('! &-) 8+'2n !#* 0$)n 3'78+'4n &+


74/93


75/93

:;n+ !


76/93

:;n+ !


77/93

:; $


78/93

:;n+ 0#$%ng

')& ";n+ +'73 0#$%ng 'n+5d(-u(-ni& '&id ,'|ng 8+#$ng8+')8 - 3'7u

3'{u ie3 ng+ie3 'u +i 0-'%i "#$7ng F,'|ng e!+'n-0G

dung d;&+ x/…‘ EDTA "e 0-'%i &')& &'!i-n +-') !(; 9.

Tie8 !+e- du7ng N'OH 1N "e S'7 8+-7ng +-') &')&e!e( F9x°C/ =x 8+u)!G/

'&id +-') "en 8H …/xJ…/… ,'|ng '&id '&e!i&.

C+- en53 de8-053e( +-') !')& du%ng !(-ng 1 gi$7/ 0-%&. C+- d;&+ 0-%& !')& du%ng 6$)i '&id u0ªu(i& "'3 "'‚& (-4i

6$)i dung d;&+ x/1… ‘ &'(,'-0 !(-ng &-4n.


79/93

:- 3'7u $* ,#$)& -)ng …9x n3. :-i &+ieu6$)i "#$7ng &-ng 3'{u &u*' 'n+5d(-u(-ni&'&id "i !#7 '&id g'0'&!u(-ni& FKx g '&id

g'0'&!u(-ni& !#$ng #)ng 6$)i ==/9 g'n+5d(-u(-ni& '&idG.

Ng-'7i (' &-7n &-) !+e ";n+ 0#$%ng 8e&!in

,'|ng 8+#$ng 8+')8 &'2n F'u +i !u*' 8e&!in,'|ng &')& dung 3-2i +#}u &$G/ 8+#$ng 8+')8"- "- u'5 %&/ 8+#$ng 8+')8 "- "- n+$)!.

T')& "-ng &u*' &')& en53 0e2n


80/93

8e&!in

C')& en53 !')& "-ng 0e2n 8e&!in &-) !+e &+i' 0'73 9 0-'%i- P$tinst!as (PX"8 en53 n'75 &'z! n+-)3 e!e( 3e!+50i& "e!'%- !+'7n+ '&id 8e&!i&.

- XnFym $aét nho0


81/93

T')& "-ng &u*' &')& en53 0e2n8e&!in

o

H

H

H

COO

OH

o

o

H

OH

H

o

H

H

H

OH

COOH

o

OHH

H

o

H

H

H

OH

COOH

o

OH

HH

o

H

H

H

COO

OH

o

oOH

H

CH3CH3

CH3

H

OH

o

o

OH

COO

H

H

H

o

as

atj

CH3

H

o

H

H

H

OH

COO

o

OH

H

o

H

H

H

COO

OH

o

o

H

OH

oo

H

H

OH

H

COO

OH

o

H

OH

CH3

o

o

H

H

H

OH

COOCH3

o

OH H

CH3

+

Igö4øi ta tìm tha"( caùc en^(m naø( trongmoät so" na"m mo"c nhö (spergillus niger, (/ory=ae vaø &uøng chuùng #e$ loaïi pectin trongvieäc laøm trong nö4ùc hoa @uaû' trong vieäc che"bie"n s4ïi thaûo moäc7


82/93

ce&!in +-2ng +-'7 !'n L-'%i n'75 &-7n "#$%& g-%i 0'7 8(-!-8e&!in. N+$7 &-) 8(-!-8e&!in3'7 &')& u'* S'n+ &-) "- )ng n+'! ";n+. Ng#$7i !' &+-('|ng +i u'* &+


83/93

cECTIN

OÂM ARABICummi a!abi$um

N$i &ung &'8 &+


84/93

Â


85/93

OÂM ARABIC Fummi a!abi$um" T+'7n+ 8+'4n +-') +-%&

T+'7n+ 8+'4n &+


86/93

€ie3 ng+ie3

1. Ng'23 … g g-23 !(-ng 1x 30 n#$)&/ dungd;&+ ')n+ 6'7 '&id 6$)i gi'5 u57.

9. Dung d;&+ g-23 9‘ .. !u*' !('zng

6$)i '&e!'! &+ ie437=. Dung d;&+ g-23 ˜ H9O9˜ ,enidin 1‘ !(-ng&-4n.. e} &-) 3'7u S'n+ F&-) 3'‚! &u*'-S5d'e G

K. :- '3 +-2ng u') 1…‘.…. :- !(- !-'7n 8+'4n +-2ng u') …‘.


87/93

COÂN DUÏN

T(-ng ,'7- &+e g-23 '(',i& "#$%& du7ng

B'7- &+e &')& n+u} d;&+ 6'7 +-{n d;&+.

B'7- &+e &')& 6ie2n ne)n 0'73 !') d#$%& d


88/93

MAÀ :E¼ -4olium t smn Planta%ini

M'} "e4 FPlanta%o ma'o! L.G/ +-% M'} "e4Fc0'n!'gin'&e'eG.:'‚& "ie3 !+#%& 6'! 6'7 8+'2n ,-

J C'25 !+'2n !+'*-/ -ng d'i/ !+'2n ('! ng'zn. J L') 3-%& $* g-& !+'7n+ +-' !+;/ &-) &u-ngd'7i 6'7 (-ng/ 8+ien 0') ngu5e2n +n+ !+'/d'7i 19 &3 (-ng m &3 &-) …J„ g'2n &+


89/93

DÖÔÏC LIEÄU CHÖÙA CHAtT NHA°Y


90/93

DÖÔÏC LIEÄU CHÖÙA CHAtT NHA°Y

MAÀ :E¼ 4olium t smn Planta%inisB- 8+'n du7ng 6'7 &+e ,ien

Neu 0'5 0') !+ !+u +-'%&+ !#7 !+')ng …J„/ neu 0'5 +'%! !+ !#7!+')ng ƒJm/ &'z! n+#}ng ,-2ng !+'! gi'7/ 8+$i +-2/ 6-7 '! !(e2n'7ng (-4i '5 '%&+/ 'u "-) !ie8 !u%& 8+$i +-2 &+- "en +i "-'3 &-7n 1x‘.

T+'7n+ 8+'4n +-)' +-%& &+


91/93

i(id-id g05&-id F'&u,-id 6'7 &'!'08-0G 7 ½'6-n-id F'8igenin/ ue(&e!inG.

&')& '&id +#}u &$ &'(-!en-id/ 6i!'3in &-u3'(in Fe&u0e!inG.

'0'0-id F80'n!'g-ninG/ ) &+› - n$*


92/93


93/93

Ng-'7i (' &-7n &-) !')& du%ng 0-ng "$73/ 0$%i!ieu T(-ng 5 +-%& &- !(u5e4n 0') &-) !')& du%ng

!+-2ng !ieu/ du7ng &+#}' n+#}ng !(#$7ng

+$%8 ,< !ieu !ien/ !ieu !ien (' 3')u/ ng-'7i (' &-7n du7ng "e &+#}' +-. L') !#$i gi'} n+-* du7ng "'z8 3u%n n+-%!.

!(-ng n+'2n d'2n du7ng "e 0'73 0'7n+

&')& 6e! !+#$ng 6'7 '*n Su'! &')& &+e8+'3 ac0'n!'g0uidb "e &+#}' ,en+6ie23 0-e)! d'% d'75/ (u-!.

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