DS-Basic Training on SMC Principle and Architecture V1.0

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

www.huawei.com

Principle and Architecture of SMC

ISSUE 1.0

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 2

Open Capability

Layer

Common EnablerLayer

Content/Application Layer

SDC

CMS

AAC

Charging

Provisioning

UM

Streaming

Download

Gaming

IMPSMMS

PTT PIM OTA

LocationSMS

EMS

Report Server

BSS

OSS

Bank

CommonManagement

NMS

BackgroundSystem

OtherSystem

IVR

Integrated GW

Call Control SCF FW

Messaging SCF

Other SCF

DRMDMS

Access Layer WISGSignal GW

Access/Core Network 2.5G CN 3G CN2G CN …

Terminal Layer

M-RBT

…

Parlay/OSA API

IN …

APP Server SP/CP Content PortalCustomerService

Service Enabler Layer

Huawei Mobile Data Service Network Architecture


3G Mobile Data Service Networking

MMDDSSPP

PPoorrttaall

SSTTRREEAAMM

iiGGAAMMEE

InternetInternet

500ES 1

S3552x2 S3552x2 S3552x2S3552x2

DDLLSSCC

S3552x2

SSMMCC

S3552x2

LegendRouter Firewall

Core switchEdge switch

HA Link

WAN Link

GE Link

FC/SCSI Link

100m/FE Link

E1 Link

NO.7NO.7

NMS of the NMS of the provinceprovince

I2000 I2000 ServerServer

NMS clientNMS client

NMS IP bearer network

Billing center serverBilling center server

Billing center Billing center of the of the

provinceprovince

DCN

CCGCCG

3G3Gcore networkcore network

GGSN

NE40

UUSSAAUU

S3026x2

3G service 3G service systemsystem

IINNFFOOXX

S3552x2

Local Local maintenancemaintenance

CMNETCMNET

2G/2.5G data service 2G/2.5G data service systemsystem

DCNWAP WAP GWGW

MMSCMMSC

Local IOD Local IOD platformplatform

Eudemon 200 1

SSCCPP

S3026x2

LSTPLSTPLSTPLSTP

MMMMSSCC

S3552x2

WWAAPPGGWW

S3552x2

S6506 1 S6506 2

500ES 2

Eudemon 200 2S3552x2

Local WIN Local WIN platformplatform

VPN Tunnel

Note: Not every service subsystem has its

independent access layer switch equipment. Several switch devices are divided into several

VLANs.


USAU+SMC+INFOX Networking

2×Netscreen 500

Report server

SM database

server

2×QuidwayS3028 switch

CMNET BOSS

QuidwayR2631E router

QuidwayR2631E router

Pre-statistics server

R2511router

Modem

PSTN

SMSC1SM MT Server/

MT consol

e

INFOX service gateway

INFOX interconnection

gateway

USAU

S3026

WCSU

Infox MT console

Signaling network

SM alarm server

SCP

Pre-statistics

server/report


Overall Networking Diagram of SMC

BTS

BTS

NSS

PSTN/ISDN/PSPDN

OMC SERVEROperation console

Operation console

HLR/AUC/EIR

BTS

OMCData communication network

MSC/VLR

BSC

BSC

Other MSC

BSS

MS

MS SMC


SMC Location

LSTP LSTP

HSTP HSTP

USAU

MSC

HLR

SP INFOX SMC INFOX INFOX SMC


Objective

Understand the architecture and networking of the SMC

Understand the basic short message flow concept

Understand the basic concept and features of short messages

Understand the SMC database application

Understand the SMC bill application


Reference

Name Path on Support

This document Data Service > SMC > Function and Feature > Training Document > Basic Training

User Manual Data Service > SMC > Product Manual > 01-INtess-SMAXII SMC (for GSM)

Deployment Guide Data Service > SMC > Technical Guide > Deployment Guide

Troubleshooting Guide Data Service > SMC > Technical Guide > Troubleshooting


SmcAppSmcApp

USAU/128SAUUSAU/128SAU

Mti ServerMti Server

Map ServerMap Server

Mt ServerMt Server

BillCreaterBillCreater

BackupDaemonBackupDaemon

DbDaemonDbDaemonClusterMngClusterMng

FileMirrorFileMirror

Two node scriptTwo node script

Monitoring systemMonitoring systemBilling systemBilling systemReport systemReport system

Share memory

SCP Alarm

system

To another

node

Two-node

system/OS

ORACLE

database

MT console/I2000 NMS

SS7 network

MT

protocol

CMC

protocol

Signal/Event

Service

SMPP/SMEI

Internal

protocol

NFS

Invoke

Share memory

L2CacheDaemon

SMC ArchitectureSMC Architecture


SmcAppSmcApp

Cti-LinkCti-Link



Mt ServerMt Server





ServerSelectorServerSelector

Monitoring systemMonitoring systemBilling systemBilling systemReport systemReport system

SCP Alarm

system

To another

node

ServerSelectorServerSelectorORACLE

database

SS7 network

MT

protocol

CMC

protocol

Service

SMPP/SMEINetwork path sharing

InvokeL2CacheDaemon

Signaling Signaling equipmentequipment

SMC ArchitectureSMC Architecture

MT console/I2000 NMS

Internal

protocol

Share memory

Share memory

Share memory


MTP-1MTP-1

MTP-2MTP-2

MTP-3MTP-3

SCCPSCCP

TTUUPPTCAPTCAP

MAPMAP

MMTTUUPP

IISSUUPP

BBSSSSAAPP

INAPINAPOMAPOMAP

ITU-T NO.7 signaling system user

Layer6,5,4

Layer3,2,1

OSI

SS7 ArchitectureSS7 Architecture

Layer7


Short Message Definition

Use the NO7 signaling channel to transmit messages

The transmitted message is in the text format

Length≤140 bytes


Functions of SMC

Store and forward short messages

GSMNetwork

SMS

SMC


Scheduling policy in the store-and-forward

mode

Scheduling policy in the datagram mode

Scheduling policy in the interaction mode

SMC Scheduling PolicySMC Scheduling Policy


16×2 Link

Multi-module networking

G/IWMSC

LSTP1 LSTP2

SMSC

AM/CM

16×4 Link

G/IWSM1

LSTP1 LSTP2

G/IWSM2

SMSC

GMSC1 GMSC1

Single-module networking

• Single signaling point networking solution of the SMC

Signaling Networking StructureSignaling Networking Structure


Multi-MAP networking plan of the SAU

AM/CM SAU

G/IWSM1

LSTP1 LSTP2

G/IWSM2

SMSC

MAPMAP

SMSC

• Multi-MAP networking solution of the SMC



AM/CM

G/IW(G)

LSTP(G) LSTP(C)

G/IW(C)

SMSC

CMap

GMap

• Networking solution of the SMC for the CDMA and GSM networks (USAU):

MTI

CTI



Three Kinds of Signaling of Short Message

MO (Mobile Originated)

SMS originated by the MS

MT (Mobile Terminated)SMS terminated by the MS

ALERT_SC (Alert Service Center)SMC alter


MSVLRMSCHLRSignaling gatewaySMCAccess Request

and Possible Authentication

Message Transfer

SendInfo For MO SMS

Forward ShortMessage

Message Transfer

ACK

ACK

ACK

MO message flowMO message flow

Basic Message FlowBasic Message Flow


MSVLRMSCHLRSignaling gatewaySMC

Message Transfer Send Route Info

For ShortMessage


ACK

ACK

MT message flowMT message flow

ACK

SendInfo For MT SMS

Message Transfer



MSVLRHLRSignaling gateway

ALERT_SC

ALERT_SC

ALERT_SC message flowALERT_SC message flow

RegForSM

RP_MS_TO_NETWORK_SM

S_A

SMC



MSVLRSGSNHLRSMCAccess Request

and Possible Authentication

Message Transfer

Froword ShortMessage

Message Transfer

ACK

ACK

ACK

PS MO message flowPS MO message flow


Signaling gateway


MSMSCSGSNHLRSignaling gatewaySMC

Message Transfer Send Route Info

For ShortMessage


ACK

ACK

PS MT message flowPS MT message flow

ACK

Message Transfer



Virtual SMCVirtual SMC

Short message entityShort message entity

Registered userRegistered user

Related ConceptsRelated Concepts


SM validity periodSM validity period

Attempt to redeliver SMAttempt to redeliver SM

AccountAccount

PS SMs and GSM SMs are over different PS SMs and GSM SMs are over different

networks, but they have the same message networks, but they have the same message

structure.structure.



InterfaceInterface

OCOSOCOS

TCOSTCOS



The L2 cache features can be divided into the following flows The L2 cache features can be divided into the following flows

Store flowStore flow

Read-back flowRead-back flow

Alert triggering flowAlert triggering flow

MT partMT part

SmcAppSmcAppL2CacheDaemonL2CacheDaemon

ORACLE

database

ORACLE

database

Mt ServerMt Server

MT console

Features of V3.0Features of V3.0


Triggering the store flow of the L2 Cache:Triggering the store flow of the L2 Cache:

The messages in the message queue of receive entity where the message locates can be written The messages in the message queue of receive entity where the message locates can be written

into the L2 cache.into the L2 cache.

The number of L2 message is less than “The maximum number of L2 message” specified by The number of L2 message is less than “The maximum number of L2 message” specified by

License.License.

When MT delivery fails, any of the following condition can trigger L2 cache.When MT delivery fails, any of the following condition can trigger L2 cache.

When the MT speed reaches the threshold set by License, SMS Server is currently in the state of “Start MT speed threshold measures”, which contains “If delivery fails, enter L2 cache.”

The state of “start measures for memory SM number threshold ”contains “If delivery fails, enter L2 cache.”

The state of “Start measures for entities number threshold” contains “If delivery fails, enter L2 cache.”

The message Profile requires to enter L2 cache.



Writing range of L2 cache:Writing range of L2 cache:

SM called entity has two modes: 1. Traditional orderly delivery , 2. Free delivery.SM called entity has two modes: 1. Traditional orderly delivery , 2. Free delivery.

For the orderly delivered entities, the SMs with higher configuration priority do not enter For the orderly delivered entities, the SMs with higher configuration priority do not enter

L2 cache. L2 cache.

For the free delivered entities, only the SMs that fails to be delivered and meet the entry For the free delivered entities, only the SMs that fails to be delivered and meet the entry

conditions can enter. SMs not delivered does not enter L2 cache. conditions can enter. SMs not delivered does not enter L2 cache.

EMS does not enter L2 cache.EMS does not enter L2 cache.

Long SMs created by internal protocols do not enter L2 cache. Long SMs created by internal protocols do not enter L2 cache.

Status reports enter L2 cache. Status reports enter L2 cache.



Triggering the readback flow of the L2 cacheTriggering the readback flow of the L2 cache

Only when all the following conditions are met, Smcapp starts the readbackOnly when all the following conditions are met, Smcapp starts the readback （（ send read-back send read-back

instructions to the L2CacheDaemon processinstructions to the L2CacheDaemon process）） The system has started and SMS server is in the active state. It does not

read message in standby state.

The handshake with L2Cache has been set up and L2cache works normally.

The system runs normally, not in the state of “start MT speed threshold measures”, or “start memory SMs numbers threshold measures”, or “start entity number threshold measures”; if the system is in the state of “distributing flow and indicating busy” or “delete SMs unsuccessfully delivered”, it does not read back the SMs.

Time since last read-back begins exceeds the set value (like 60s)

Last SMs readback of L2 cache has finished.



Intelligent Redelivery TechnologyIntelligent Redelivery Technology

For different delivery failures, different redelivery strategies of cache /cached SMs are

designed. The redelivery strategy is set as: delete one message, delete all messages,

redelivery for limited times, redelivery for unlimited times, enter L2 cache; flexible

redelivery time interval.

Category: common mode, busy-hour mode, and festival mode



Service Attribute ManagementService Attribute Management

It provides service data configuration mode and has the maximum match function.It provides service data configuration mode and has the maximum match function.

It can select the configuration subentity, match length, maximum submission number, It can select the configuration subentity, match length, maximum submission number,

maximum delivery number, delivery mode and validity period.maximum delivery number, delivery mode and validity period.

The delivery mode is divided to: Deliver freely and Deliver orderly. The delivery mode is divided to: Deliver freely and Deliver orderly.

Match length is 0, which means the maximum match.Match length is 0, which means the maximum match.



Multidimensional ScheduleMultidimensional Schedule

Provide various default schedule strategiesProvide various default schedule strategies

Three modes of schedule strategy corresponding to intelligent redeliveryThree modes of schedule strategy corresponding to intelligent redelivery

User-defined special schedule strategies for individual service, such as User-defined special schedule strategies for individual service, such as

1700.1700.

Feature of V3.0Feature of V3.0


Group Number Segment ManagementGroup Number Segment Management

Several groups can be defined. Several groups can be defined.

Every group has its number segment, for example, SP group has relative SP number Every group has its number segment, for example, SP group has relative SP number

segment data.segment data.

The defined group data can be used in routing table, PPS routing table, number The defined group data can be used in routing table, PPS routing table, number

segment priority management, and service scheduling configuration.segment priority management, and service scheduling configuration.

The number length is 0, which means the maximum match.The number length is 0, which means the maximum match.



Number Segment Priority ManagementNumber Segment Priority Management

Several number segment priorities can be definedSeveral number segment priorities can be defined

Number segment data can use group data or can be defined separately.Number segment data can use group data or can be defined separately.

The match length is 0, which means the maximum match.The match length is 0, which means the maximum match.

Priority from higher to lower: VIP1, VIP2, Important 1, Important 2, and Priority from higher to lower: VIP1, VIP2, Important 1, Important 2, and

Common.Common.



Priority StrategyPriority Strategy

The message priority is divided into five kinds according to the relation between The message priority is divided into five kinds according to the relation between

called/calling party.called/calling party.

If the priority of calling/called party is higher, the relative message priority can also be If the priority of calling/called party is higher, the relative message priority can also be

defined to be lower.defined to be lower.

If there is no specified priority, take the highest of the calling/called party as a reference.If there is no specified priority, take the highest of the calling/called party as a reference.

Different message priorities can have different delivery strategies.Different message priorities can have different delivery strategies.



Queue Priority Schedule StrategyQueue Priority Schedule Strategy

You can choose relative schedule for five different message priorities. You can choose relative schedule for five different message priorities.

I f there is no specific schedule, use Default Profile.I f there is no specific schedule, use Default Profile.



Service Schedule StrategyService Schedule Strategy

Relative service schedule strategy is used according to the account and number segment of calling party and the number segment of called party .Relative service schedule strategy is used according to the account and number segment of calling party and the number segment of called party .

The match length is 0, which means the maximum match.The match length is 0, which means the maximum match.

The number segment of calling/called party can be group data or user-defined data.The number segment of calling/called party can be group data or user-defined data.

Use the test function to confirm the service schedule strategy of the account and number segment of calling party, the number segment of called Use the test function to confirm the service schedule strategy of the account and number segment of calling party, the number segment of called

party.party.



Multidimensional Schedule Parameter Configuration Multidimensional Schedule Parameter Configuration

Configure the priorities of messages. The messages with the priorities can be loaded Configure the priorities of messages. The messages with the priorities can be loaded

into the L2 cacheinto the L2 cache



Festival Parameter ConfigurationFestival Parameter Configuration

Define 10 festivals at most.Define 10 festivals at most.

Relative parameters: festival name, start time and end time.Relative parameters: festival name, start time and end time.

Invoke festival schedule mode on festivals.Invoke festival schedule mode on festivals.



Weekly Busy ParameterWeekly Busy Parameter

Define the time period of weekly busy period.Define the time period of weekly busy period.

Define two busy periods at most everydayDefine two busy periods at most everyday

Invoke busy-hour schedule mode during the busy time.Invoke busy-hour schedule mode during the busy time.



Node 1 and 2 programNode 1 and 2 program

ORACLE program (Two nodes are totally symmetrical)ORACLE program (Two nodes are totally symmetrical)

Shared arrayShared array

ORACLE databaseORACLE database

SM databaseSM database

SM databaseSM database

L2 cache SM databaseL2 cache SM database

SM historical databaseSM historical database

Tables of SM historical databaseTables of SM historical database

sm_histableMMDDsm_histableMMDD

SM historical database, MM: Month, DD: Date

ms_usertablems_usertable

SM special subscriber subscription table

Node

1

Node

2

Shared

array

ORACLE DatabaseORACLE Database


Bills provided by the short message system:Bills provided by the short message system:

Statistics billStatistics bill

10: Historical bill – corresponding to the databases

11: MO bill

12: Repeated MT bill

13: ALERT – SC bill

15: SYSTEM – SC bill

16: Information security monitoring bill

Charging billCharging bill

Charging bill

Charging backup bill

SM BillSM Bill


SM bill naming formatSM bill naming format

Statistics billStatistics bill

prmYYYYMMDD_AABBBxxxx.unlprmYYYYMMDD_AABBBxxxx.unl ，， Where, YYYY is year, MM is month, DD is date and AA is SMC IDWhere, YYYY is year, MM is month, DD is date and AA is SMC ID

BBB is bill type number and xxxx is serial numberBBB is bill type number and xxxx is serial number

AA: always be 01.AA: always be 01.

BBB: bill type numberBBB: bill type number

010: historical bill010: historical bill

011: MO bill 011: MO bill

012: MT bill012: MT bill

013: AlertSc bill013: AlertSc bill

015: Performance bill015: Performance bill

016: information security monitoring bill016: information security monitoring bill

xxxx: The value range is 0xxxx: The value range is 0 ～～ 9999, that is, at most 10,000 original bill files can be 9999, that is, at most 10,000 original bill files can be

generated one day. xxxx being FFFF indicates an abnormal bill file.generated one day. xxxx being FFFF indicates an abnormal bill file.

SM BillSM Bill


SM bill naming formatSM bill naming format

Charging billCharging bill

SMS system outputs the bill in text format and uses the file name to

indicate the bill types and the date it formed. By configuration of

BillLocal.ini, Guangdong offices usually configure like this:

SMC bill files begin with the configured field name (default value SMC),

and followed by date character string, like “YYYYMMDD” (it is required to

configure TimeFormat=%Y%m%d in block [BillCheck]), and the serial

number (the digit is flexible, now is configured as 6.)

SMCXYYYYMMDDNXXXXX.txt

N: the number of SMCs, if there is only one SMC, the default value is 1;

XXXXXX: Serial number;

SM BillSM Bill


Bill module

BillCreater

Bill module

BillCreater

/smcbill/checkbill/smcbill/checkbill

/smcbill/checkbillbak/smcbill/checkbillbak

NT billing serverNT billing server

NT billing backup serverNT billing backup server

Billing centerBilling center

/smcbill/bpsbill/10/tosend












/smcbill/bpsbill/11/backup/smcbill/bpsbill/11/backup

Report pre-processing

system or BPS

system

Report pre-processing

system or BPS

system

Report

database

Report

database

Traffic monitorTraffic monitorMonitoring

database

Monitoring

database

FTP

FTP

FTP

FTP

FTP

ODBC

ODBC

SM BillSM Bill


Prepaid ServiceWhen a message is submitted, the SMC must send a request to the BOSS

and then the BOSS queries the balance of the subscriber in the IN to confirm whether to receive the request of the subscriber.

Another method is that the SMC sends a request to the SCP to perform the fee deduction and then the SMC delivers the message after successful fee deduction.


Called ServiceCall transfer

SM filtering

The calling and called subscribers must be in the one SMC.


Flow of Call Transfer Triggered Locally

calling party : MS

called party : MS

SMC DCS

1: MO

2: MO ACK

5: change B number

7: MT ACK

6: MT

3: query called service

4: return result

B number (8613500000002) set itself divert number to 8613500000003

SMSC change B number

to 8613500000003Message delivers to

8613500000003.

8: Generate CDR

A number: 8613500000001B number: 8613500000002


SM Filtering Service

SMCcalling party : MS

called party : MS

DCS

A number : 8613500000001

B number : 8613500000002 B number

(8613500000002)

set

8613500000001

to black list.

1: MO

2: MO ACK

6: Generate CDR

3: query called (calling ) service

4: return result

5: Delete message


Data configuration:Data configuration: MT account managementMT account management

Add ordinary MT users as the sa user

System parameter managementSystem parameter management

Adjust the default OCOS and TCOS

Adjust the default validity period

Adjust the error code deletion mode (delete before timeout and delete after

timeout)

Virtual SMC and authentication number segment managementVirtual SMC and authentication number segment management

Virtual SMC number management

Authentication mode and number segment management of the SMC

Account managementAccount management

Add service accounts

Add SCP accounts

Routing table managementRouting table management

PPS routing table managementPPS routing table management

Other operator number segment managementOther operator number segment management

Data ConfigurationData Configuration


Data configuration:Data configuration:

User managementUser management

Multidimensional schedule strategyMultidimensional schedule strategy

Define various schedule strategies for the same error codeDefine various schedule strategies for the same error code

The modes can be: daily, busy, festivalThe modes can be: daily, busy, festival

Priority managementPriority management

Number segment priority managementNumber segment priority management

Priority queue schedule strategyPriority queue schedule strategy

Data service managementData service management

Data service configurationData service configuration

Service schedule policyService schedule policy

Parameter management of multidimensional scheduleParameter management of multidimensional schedule

The schedule with the highest schedule strategy is the service schedule The schedule with the highest schedule strategy is the service schedule

strategystrategy

Busy data configurationBusy data configuration

Festival data configurationFestival data configuration

Data ConfigurationData Configuration


SmcAppSmcApp








Dual-node scriptDual-node script

Share memory

SS7 network

CMC

protocol

Signal/

Event

SMPP/SMEI

Internal

protocol

Share memory

L2CacheDaemon

SM Configuration FileSM Configuration FileMTISERVER.INI

MAP.INI

smcapplocal.ini

clustermng.ini

bckdmnlocal.ini

billlocal.ini

dbdmnconfig.ini l2cachedaemon.ini


SmcAppSmcApp








Dual-node scriptDual-node script

Share memory

SS7 network

CMC protocol Signal/Event

SMPP/SMEI

Internal

protocol

Share memory

L2CacheDaemon

SM ProtocolSM Protocol

SS7 protocol

TCAP protocol

MAP protocol


Interconnection Between the USAU and SMCInterconnection Between the USAU and SMC

• Key files of the SMC•CTISERVER.INI

•MTISERVER.INI

•MAPSERVER.INI

•CTLLINK.INI

•CMAP.INI

• Key files of the USAU•Software parameter

•Module parameter

•Public parameter

•MEMCFG configuration

•MTP and SCCP configuration of the SMC USAU


CTISERVER.INI

[CTI-Link]

CTI-Link1=100.76.183.201

CTI-Link2=100.76.183.202

[Switch]

Mem1=

Mem2=

Mem3=100.76.183.151

Mem4=



CMAPSERVER.INI

[Acd Module Param]

Mti Pid=74 (for the connection with the USAU, configure it to 74)

ModuleTotal=2 (indicates the module number of the USAU used by the system)

Moduleno_1=2 indicates the module No. of the USAU corresponding to the first module of the CMAP)

[Released CB]

Begin Dlg Num=0 (the fixed configuration is 0)

End Dlg Num=8192 (the fixed configuration is 8192. For the USAU module, it is 8191. Because of the setting of the software, it must be set to 8192)

Dlgs Per Module=8192 (the fixed configuration is 8192)

CB Num=16384 (value: 8192*ModuleTotal)

[Map]

IfNeedConvertByte=1 (indicates whether the byte order needs conversion. If the USAU is used, configure to 1 on

the windows platform and configure to 0 on the UNIX platform)



MTISERVER.INI[Released CB]

CB Num=4000

CBNumForSM=4000

[Mem]

Port=5600 (Keep the port number to be 5600)

Mem1=

Mem2=

Mem3=100.76.183.151

Mem4=

[GIW Module Param]

Mti Pid=74



MAP SERVER.INI

CBNum = 4000 (The CB resource number is the module number in 4000×MTI. For example, if only one module is used, configure it to 4000)



Software parameter

Parameter ID Parameter name Value range Default value Parameter description205 Enable N+1 Backup 0, 1 0 Whether to start the N+1 backup: 0: not



Parameter ID

Parameter name Value range Default value

Parameter description

33 ITUT TCAP Start Dialog No 0 ～ 65535 0 ITU TCAP start dialog No. For the GSM network, it is set as 0; for the CDMA network, the default value is adopted.

34 ITUT TCAP Stop Dialog No 0 ～ 65535 30000 ITU TCAP stop dialog No. For the GSM network, it is set as 4000; for the CDMA network, it is set as 0.

35 ANSI TCAP Start Dialog No 0 ～ 65535 30000 ANSI TCAP start dialog No. For the GSM network, it is set as 0; for the CDMA network, it is also set as 0.

36 ANSI TCAP Stop Dialog No 0 ～ 65535 30000 ANSI TCAP stop dialog No. For the GSM network, it is set as 0; for the CDMA network, it is set as 8191.

37 SMC Type 0, 2, 3 0 SMC version (byte order) options:0: SMC for the CDMA network2: SMC on the UNIX for the GSM network3: SMC on the NT for the GSM network

38 Communication With Slip Window(0-unused,1-use)

0, 1 1 If the SAU uses the slide window protocol when communicating with the upper-level users: 0: Not use (SMS and other applications)1: Use (IN and other applications)

39 TCAP User Information Length 1 ～ 128 63 In the SMC for the GSM network, it is configured as 64.In the SMC for the CDMA network, it is configured as 63.

Module parameter



Parameter ID

Parameter name Value range

Default value

Parameter description

37 Number of TCAP DID per module 0 ～ 65535 30000 Quantity of dialog numbers for each module

Public parameter



Command example:

ADD MEMCFG: MN=23, LIP="100.76.183.151", RIP1="100.76.183.201", RIP2="100.76.183.20", RP=5600, DGW="0.0.0.0", MSK="255.255.255.0",CONFIRM=Y;

MEMCFG configuration



There is a direct link between the USAU and MSC1. MSC1 is the signaling transfer point. HLR and MSC2 interact messages with the

USAU through the MSC1.

Signaling point data:

USAU : signaling point: 00B12 GT: 85292347949――SMC number

MSC1: signaling point: 00B01 GT: 85292347951

HLR: signaling point: 00B00 GT: 85292347950

MSC2: signaling point: 00B02 GT: 85292347952

Case: SCCP data and GT data



Overall Networking Diagram of the SMC

BTS

BTS

NSS

PSTN/ISDN/PSPDN

OMC SERVEROperation console

Operation console

HLR/AUC/EIR

BTS

OMCData communication network

MSC/VLR

BSC

BSC

Other MSC

BSS

MS

MS SMC


Review

Case 1: Analyze and discuss the result if an MS does not receive the acknowledgment signal in the MO flow.

Case 2: Seek materials related with SM bills on the SUPPORT and then discuss SM bills from the aspect of bill type, function and location.


Module Configuration Error

The active and standby hosts cannot back up entitiesCheck BACKDAEMON

Part call succeed and part failCheck CB NUMBER in MAP.INI

Interconnection with the USAU failsCheck MTI PID in MTISERVER.INI


PID=64, the user cannot receive messages normallyPID=64, the user cannot receive messages normally

Problem DescriptionProblem Description

User A complains when sending message to B, the state report shows the message is successfully delivered, but

user B has not received the message.

Problem AnalysisProblem Analysis

Check the historical messages, finding user B has indeed received the message, and returned MT_ACK, but

PID=64 in the GSM protocol. The message type is unknown to the user, so when the handset received the message,

it does not save it or give any prompts.

Solution Solution

Ask user A to check the handset for the configuration of SM type. Some handset can manually input message type.

Change it to 0.

If the handset configuration is correct, check SIM card. Change it if any problem.

If SMC supports the PID conversion, add data in the SMC to convert PID=64 to 0, so more user complaints can be

avoided.

Sum-upSum-up

In the GSM protocol, PID=0 is a basic text message;

PID=64 is a special application message, often used in positioning systems. Some home-made handsets prompt

“you are positioned” after receiving PID=64 message.

TroubleshootingTroubleshooting


Because the message reply center is set, the MS fails to reply.Because the message reply center is set, the MS fails to reply.

Problem DescriptionProblem Description User A (foreign) sends messages to user B (local). After B receives the messages, replies fail. But if B writes a new

message, it can sent to A successfully.


☆ Check the message records submitted in the local SMC, finding there is no message replied from B, but the new message was submitted to the local SMC.

☆ According to the phenomenon, it is because the user A set “message reply center” parameter. When B replies messages, the relative SMC number is that of user A (foreign), and authentication fails, so the messages fail to be submitted.

Solution Solution ☆ Ask user B to contact user A, and ask user A to disable the function of “message reply center”. ☆ Besides, for those SMC supporting “message reply center”, disable the function forcibly to avoid complaints.

Sum-upSum-up Some handsets support setting of “message reply center” function. Take NOKIA 8250 as an example: Function > Message > Message Settings > Public Settings > Message Reply Center, you can choose “Provide” or “Not

provide”.



DCS=4, some NOKIA handsets cannot display messages normallyDCS=4, some NOKIA handsets cannot display messages normally


In a new MMSC, MM notification is sent by the MMSC. After a NOKIA user receives a

message, the system prompts “the message cannot be displayed” or the content is illegible

characters;


Other types can display messages normally, so it is a problem of message compatibility of

the handset.

Track the message field submitted by the MMSC, finding the DSC is different from the

normal NOKIA handsets: messages submitted by the MMSC, DCS=4 while the normal

DSC=0 or 8；Solution Solution

Modify the MMSC configuration, set DCS to 0 or 8. Then NOKIA receives messages normally

Sum-upSum-up

DCS=8 is a 8-bit coding format. Some handsets have the problem of message compatibility.



Message waiting queue is fullMessage waiting queue is full


User A sends a message to user B and the message delivery fails. The error type is “waiting queue is

full”


Explanation:

☆ when the SMC deliveries the message to the handset, if the handset is power off, SMC send a

location message to the HLR to inform the HLR that the user is power off. Meanwhile, the HLR store

the called number and SMC number. Different HLRs store messages in different sizes and with

different rules.

☆ Certain HLR: cache files can save at most three SMC numbers and an SMC can save limit called

numbers in the cache.

SolutionSolution

The error occurs because too many SCs are waiting to deliver messages to certain handset and this

makes the MWD queue of the handset overflow in the HLR. If the SM state of the handset does not

change, it is useless to resend messages and the resending adds failure times caused by the network

performance.



HLR unforeseen dataHLR unforeseen dataProblem DescriptionProblem Description Certain data value in an HLR message packet exceeds the specified value range. The message of

getting route delivered by the SMC is regarded as illegal.Problem AnalysisProblem Analysis

Called users concentrate in certain area, and messages are returned by the HLR in the routing process, so it should be a problem of cooperation with the HLR. Some HLR (Nortel) equipment needs configuration of a table for saving SMC numbers and it cannot support the maximum match mode. If the SMC number is not configured in the table, the HLR regards the routing message as illegal, and returns unforeseen data.

SolutionSolution Coordinate with HLR to add new SMC number.Sum-upSum-up When new SMC numbers are added, it is necessary for some HLRs to add data.

HLR RejectionHLR RejectionProblem DescriptionProblem Description When a message is sent to user B, “HLR rejection” error is returned. Problem AnalysisProblem Analysis

Generally, it is because the TCAP layer of the HLR is overloaded and the message is returned after flow control.

SolutionSolution Optimize the TCAP flow control parameter of HLR. Messages of this error usually have high success

rate in resending, so they just need to be resent once.



HLR No ReplyHLR No Reply


When a message is sent to user B, the “HLR no reply” error is returned.


The HLR does not respond the SMC routing message. It may be because the HLR performance is not good enough, or

routing message is configured in the signaling layer, the message is not sent to the HLR or HLR response does not

return to the SMC.

SolutionSolution

If HLR does not respond because the performance is not good enough, we need to locate the problem in the HLR.

If the message cannot be sent to the HLR or HLR cannot reply, we need to locate the problem of signaling message

route step-by-step.

HLR System ErrorHLR System Error


When a message is sent to user B, the “HLR system error” is returned.


Protocol 0902 defines it to be 34. Generally it is because MAP layer of HLR is overloaded. The message is returned after

flow control.

SolutionSolution

Optimize MAP flow-control parameter of HLR. Messages of this error usually have high success rate in resending, so

they just need to be resent once.



MSC No Reply


When a message is sent to user B, the “MSC no reply” error is returned.


MT message from MSC to SMC has no reply in specified time. Because the wireless environment is not so good

or because the data configuration in signaling layer is incorrect, the message is not sent to the MSC or the MSC

response is not returned to the SMC.

After the handset receives Forward SM, the SDCCH drops, so the ack message is not returned to SMC normally.

SolutionSolution

If the message cannot be sent to the MSC or the MSC cannot reply, we need to locate the problem of signaling

message route step-by-step.

MSC Rejection


When a message is sent to user B, the “MSC rejection” error is returned.


Usually because the TCAP layer of MSC is overloaded, the message is returned after flow control.

SolutionSolution

Optimize the TCAP flow-control parameter of the MSC. Messages of this error usually have high success rate in

resending, so they just need to be resent once.



MSC System ErrorMSC System Error


When a message is sent to user B, the “MSC system” error is returned.


☆ Protocol 0902 defines it to be 34. Generally, because MAP layer of MSC is overloaded, the message is returned after flow control.

☆ The switch is set to perform authentication when sending or receiving messages every time. If authentication has no response (because of SDCCH drop), the MSC returns “system error” to the SMC.

SolutionSolution

☆ Optimize the MAP flow-control parameter of the MSC. Messages of this error usually have high success rate in resending, so they just need to be resent once.

☆ Optimize the authentication mechanism for the MSC sending and receiving messages.

☆ Adjust MO and MT message authentication frequency to avoid unnecessary call loss caused by authentication. The adjustment is meaningless to those areas with good wireless environment. But to those areas with less wireless coverage and high server SDCCH drops, it can obviously improve the network quality.



Unknown UserUnknown UserProblem DescriptionProblem Description When a message is sent to user B, the “unknown user” error is returned. Problem AnalysisProblem Analysis The called number does not register in the HLR. This is because the user or SP

submits wrong called number.SolutionSolution Just delete these messages.

Not Supported by Telecom ServiceNot Supported by Telecom ServiceProblem DescriptionProblem Description When a message is sent to a user, the “not supported by telecom service” error is

returned. Problem AnalysisProblem Analysis The called user has no SM function. Check the data configuration of the number in the

HLR to see whether service 10 and 11 are provided.SolutionSolution Check the HLR data configuration. Adjust the service property of the number. Delete these messages.



MS ErrorMS ErrorProblem DescriptionProblem Description When a message is sent to a user, the “MS error” is returned. Problem AnalysisProblem Analysis In the GSM Specification, the definition of this error is that it occurs when a

handset is receiving the message, such as memory low (not for saving SMs, but the invoking memory) or protocol error.

If the handset is in the overlay network, such error may occur because of the frequent handover..

SolutionSolution Resending these messages usually succeeds.

A user is busyA user is busyProblem DescriptionProblem Description When a message is sent to a user, error “the user is busy” is returned. Problem AnalysisProblem Analysis The error occurs when the called handset is receiving messages from another

SMC, performing IMSI detach, updating location, paging, conducting an emergency call or at the moment of starting a call.

SolutionSolution Resending these messages usually succeeds.



The memory is fullThe memory is fullProblem DescriptionProblem Description When a message is sent to a user, error “memory full” is returned. Problem AnalysisProblem Analysis The memory is full in the SIM card of the called handset, so it cannot save the message.SolutionSolution The called user need to clear the messages in the SIM card to release memory. The message need to be resent.

The user is out of the service areaThe user is out of the service areaProblem DescriptionProblem Description When a message is sent to a user, error “The user is out of the service area” is returned. Problem AnalysisProblem Analysis There are two possibilities: First, the handset of the user is power off. Second, though the handset is on, but it has no paging information of the network.SolutionSolution The message need to be resent. We can logically distinguish power-off and signal weakness from the waiting time for

receiving ACK message.


Thank You

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Documents

DS-Basic Training on SMC Principle and Architecture V1.0