Drupa 7 Training IEEE

8/12/2019 Drupa 7 Training IEEE

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Drupal 7 ArchitecturePrepared for IEEE


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Table of contentsIntroductionContent Types

People, comments & tagsHow Drupal builds a page

Chapter One: UsersRegistering for a User ccountUser ccount options!anaging UsersUser Roles

Chapter Two: Creating a Basic Page (About usCreate a basic page!enu "ettingsRe#isions

UR$sPublis%ing ptions

Chapter Three: !anaging the !ain !enuRe'ordering t%e menu

Editing menu items

Chapter "our: #$entsCreate an E#entDateImage & Descriptionptions

Chapter "i$e: %iews(%at is a #iew)

*iew Titles+umber of *iew Items

Chapter &i': Blocs(%at is a bloc)How blocs are displayedUnderstanding t%e Conte-tEditing blocs

dding a new bloc

Chapter #ight: !anaging ContentEditing Content.inding Content.iltering by "tatus and Type/ul perations"earc%ing for Content

Chapter )ine: Bacing Up(%y /ac Up)How to bac upHow to restore from a bacup(%y and %ow to test a bacup


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Introduction

In This Chapter

n E#ent (ebsite)Content Types

People, comments & tags

How Drupal builds a page

dministration pages

T%is introductory c%apter will introduce you to some of t%e principles in#ol#ed in managing t%ewebsite0 1ou will find understanding some of t%ese basic concepts %elpful in learning t%e specific

tass you will be responsible for0

Content !anage*ent

To meet t%e needs of t%e #arious #isitors to your website, you will need to post #arious differenttypes of content and mae sure t%ey are ept up to date0 T%e content needs to be displayed in t%e

rig%t place and remo#ed w%en it is no longer rele#ant

T%e tas of managing t%is content is made muc% easier by a 2content management system30 well'

nown e-ample of a system t%at manages content is .aceboo0 1ou type in a message, add a lin orupload a p%oto and .aceboo taes care of t%e rest0 It c%ooses w%ere and %ow 4and to w%om5 t%ose

items are displayed0 T%e system t%at manages t%e E#ent website 4called 2Drupal35 is a bit lie t%is 6

you add t%e content and Drupal will tae care of %ow and w%ere it appears on t%e website0

+hat is Drupal,

1our website is powered by a 2content management system3 called Drupal0

Drupal powers literally millions of websites0 mong countless ot%ers, it is t%e system used to powert%e websites of mnesty International and t%e (%ite House0 !any E#ents website built on Drupal

lie commonwealt% games +ew Del%i 7898, Drupal conference in Den#er 7897 and etc00

If you loo at t%ose websites you will see t%at Drupal is completely customisable0 It3s customised

wit% templates t%at define t%e appearance of t%e pages, and modules t%at add different functionality

4lie t%at rotating banner image on t%e front page50 +o two Drupal websites need loo or feel lieone anot%er0


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Content T-pes(%en you add content to t%e site, you %a#e to c%oose a type of content to add0 T%ere are by default

two c%oices:

Basic Page

Pages of information about t%e E#ent0 T%ese s%ould go in t%e 2bout3 section of t%e website0 Don3tuse basic pages for news or for listing e#ents 6 t%ere are different content types for t%at0

ArticleT%is is for news items or 2blog3 entries ;from 2web log3


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0ow Drupal builds a pageDrupal builds all of its pages from a single page template t%at defines t%e layout of e#ery page on

t%e site0 T%is page template consists of a number of regions w%ere content can be s%own 6 a %eader,

t%e main content area, a sidebar, a banner area & t%ree panels 4only used on t%e front page5 and a

footer wit% two regions 4on t%e left and rig%t501egions. Content and Blocs

T%e main content of eac% page is displayed in t%e main content region in t%e middle of t%e page0

T%is will eit%er be a single 2node3 ;an e#ent, page or article< or a list of 2nodes3 6 for e-ample, t%elist on t%e main 2blog3 page0 T%e webpage address 4or 2url35 defines w%at is displayed in t%is main

content region0

T%e ot%er regions of t%e page can contain a #ariety of different 2blocs3 of content0 T%ese 2blocs3are displayed according to conte-t0 T%e basic sections of t%e site 4%ome page, about, blog,a nd

e#ents5 are eac% a different conte-t0 Drupal nows w%at t%e conte-t is and displays rele#ant blocsaccordingly0 .or e-ample, t%e 2E#ents coming up3 bloc displays in t%e e#ent conte-t, but not in t%e

blog conte-t02ou won3t usuall- need to thin about what content goes in the blocs 4 Drupal organises thisfor -ou5 2our tas is to suppl- the site with the right content5 Drupal taes care of how it isdispla-ed0

Ad*inistration Pages

nce you are logged in you will be able to access #arious administration pages0 T%ese contain

forms t%at allow you to add and manage content, comments, users and ta-onomy 4classification @

tags50 If you %a#e administrator pri#ileges you will also be able to configure many different options

on t%e site, suc% as w%ic% blocs appear w%ere, or w%at options appear on t%e ric% te-t editor forediting te-t content0If you do %a#e t%e administrator pri#ileges t%at allow you to alter muc% of t%e functionality of t%e

site can I strongly suggest t%at you e-ercise caution before c%anging somet%ing t%at you t%en cannot

remember %ow to c%ange bac0


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Users

In This ChapterRegistering for a User ccount

User ccount options

!anaging UsersUser Roles

/efore you can edit t%e website you need to be registered and %a#e t%e necessary permission tocreate and manage content0 T%is c%apter will tal you t%roug% t%at process and also e-plain about

t%e different roles and permissions t%at users of t%e website can %a#e0

If you %a#e administrator pri#ileges you will also be able to appro#e registrations and assign rolesand permissions to users0


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1egistering for a User Account

To register for an account:

65 Clic t%e login lin 4at t%e bottom centre of t%e footer50

5 C%oose t%e 2Create new account3 tab085 C%oose a Username and an email and submit t%e form 4press t%e 2Create new account3 button50

95 C%ec your email 6 if t%e site is set up to re?uire an administrator to appro#e e#ery account it

will let you now t%is= as someone w%o %as administrator pri#ileges to get on and aut%orise

your account0

5 nce your account is appro#ed, you recei#e an email wit% a log in lin0 nce you access t%is

lin you must set a password for your account0

Tips1our user name will be t%e name t%at is displayed underneat% articles t%at you post0 1ou are

strongly ad#ised to use your real name 4.irstname $astname5 as your username0If you forget your password, you can get t%e system to email you anot%er one to t%e email addressyou ga#e0 4T%e 2re?uest new password3 tab on t%e log in page05


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User Account OptionsE#eryone can edit t%eir own user account, and administrators can edit any account0 T%e most

important account option is for users to eep t%eir email addresses up to date0

To change e*ail or password:

65 C%oose t%e lin from t%e top rig%t of t%e main administration toolbar w%ic% says: 2Hello ;-ourna*e


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!anaging UsersIf you %a#e t%e 2administrator3 role you will be able to enable 4or bloc5 user accounts and gi#e

users 2editor3 or 2adminstrator3 roles0

To edit a user3s account:

65 C%oose 2people3 from t%e top admin bar 6 or from t%e 2s%ortcut3 bar beneat% it 4t%ey are t%e

same lin50

5 C%oose 2edit3 for t%e person t%at you want to manage0

Tips1ou can also aut%orise and assign roles to users directly from t%e list page by ticing t%e users you

want to manage and using t%e 2Update ptions3 drop down0

1ou can create a user %ere using t%e 2B dd User3 button at t%e top of t%e page0 1ou can t%en create

an account for a new user and as t%e system will send t%em an email wit% t%eir details0

1ou can get straig%t to a user wit% a url 42Uniform Resource $ocator3 i0e0 t%e address of t%ewebpage5 in t%e form 2users@username3 w%ere username is t%e name of t%e user in lowercasewit% spaces replaced by t%e 2'2 c%aracter0 To get straig%t to t%e edit page, add 2@edit30 "o to get to t%e

edit page for oe /loggs, type t%e url 2users@>oe'bloggs@edit3 into t%e address bar0

If t%e website is set to re?uire an administrator to appro#e new user accounts, an administrator will

need to appro#e eac% account t%at someone signs up for0 T%e website will send an email to t%eemail address t%at is set up for t%e website ;at: 2admin@config@system@site'information3< to let you

now t%at a user %as signed up and would lie to be aut%orised0


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To authorise an account:

65 Ao to t%e edit page of t%e person you want ot aut%orise0

5 Under 2"tatus3 select 2cti#e3 rat%er t%an 2/loced3

85 "a#e 4at t%e bottom of t%e page50

TipsIf you want to allow users to register wit%out re?uiring appro#al you can c%ange t%is option at t%e

url: 2admin@config@people@accounts3 or by c%oosing 2Configuration3 from t%e admin bar, t%en2ccount "ettings3 in t%e 2People3 section0 T%is is also w%ere you c%ange t%e te-t of t%e emails t%at

get sent w%en users register or apply for a new password0

!ae sure t%at t%e email at 2admin@config@system@site'information3 ;or: c%oose 2Configuration3,

t%en 2"ite information3 from t%e 2"ystem3 section< belongs to someone w%o is generally a#ailableand willing to respond to administration re?uests for t%e site0


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User 1olesE#ery #isitor to t%e website is allocated a role 4or roles50 /efore a user logs in t%ey are gi#en t%e

role 2anonymous30 nce t%ey %a#e logged in t%ey are gi#en t%e role 2aut%enticated3 and any ot%er

roles t%at t%ey %a#e been allocated0

T%e Drupal permissions system allocates permissions for eac% role, w%ic% define w%at eac% role isable to do0 T%e c%urc% website %as been set up wit% t%e following roles:T%e anon-*ous#isitor can #iew all of t%e a#ailable content0

T%e authenticateduser can comment on blog articles and c%ange t%eir own email and password

T%e editorcan create, edit and delete all of t%e content on t%e site0 T%at3s a pretty powerful role0T%ey can3t manage users or edit blocs 4t%e regions of t%e page ot%er t%an t%e main content region50

T%e ad*inistratorcan do e#eryt%ing t%at t%e editor can and also is able to manage users and editblocs0 T%ey can also c%ange #irtually e#ery aspect of t%e site configuration0

1ou need to decide w%o s%ould be editors and administrators0 ne way to distribute t%ese roleswould be to mae e#eryone w%o %as been on a full day3s training an administrator, and e#eryone

else you3d lie to manage content on t%e website an editor0

To allocate roles:

65 Ao to t%e edit page of t%e person you want to allocate a role to0

5 Under 2Roles3 tic t%e role you want to allocate0

85 "a#e t%e c%ange 4bottom of t%e page50

Tips dministrators don3t also need t%e editor role, because t%ey already %a#e all t%e editor

permissions allocated to t%em0 Howe#er, if you set up more roles wit% finer'grained permissionsyou can gi#e people a mi-ture of permissions by allocating t%em a mi-ture of roles

T%e permissions tab of t%e 2People3 page is w%ere you set w%ic% permissions eac% role %as and create new roles0 T%e permissions for2editor3 and 2administrator3 %a#e been set w%en t%e site was set up and s%ould not need to be c%anged0 If you wanted to create a new

role, 4say people w%o can upload audio, but are not allowed to edit content5 t%en create it %ere, and under t%e permissions tab addonly t%e permissions t%at role needs0


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Creating a /asic Page

In This ChapterCreate a basic page

!enu "ettings

Re#isionsUR$s

Publis%ing ptions

T%e bul of t%is manual will tal you t%roug% creating #arious types of content0 Eac% content type is

created and edited in muc% t%e same way, so future c%apters will build on t%e basic nowledge

presented in t%is c%apter0(e3re going to learn %ow to create a #ery basic page0 (e3ll also allocate it a menu item w%ic% will

lin to it and place it in t%e 2bout3 section of t%e website0


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Create a basic pageCreating content couldn3t be simpler0 ll content must %a#e a title, but t%at3s all0 To create our first

page we3ll do >ust t%at 6 create a page wit% only a title0

To create a page:

65 C%oose 2dd content3 from t%e s%ortcut bar0 ;r, you can c%oose 2Content3 from t%e main admin

bar, and t%en 2B dd Content3 from t%e top of t%at page0ust created %as a UR$ 4address50 T%is means t%at you can now #iew it fromanyw%ere in t%e world t%at is attac%ed to t%e internet >ust by typing t%at UR$ into a web browser0

It3s a bit useless on t%e website, t%oug%, unless it appears as a lin somew%ere 6so we3re going togi#e it a menu lin0 /asic pages s%ould be used for t%e 2bout3 section of t%e website, so for t%is

e-ample we3ll put it t%ere0

To add a menu lin:

65 Edit t%e page

5 Underneat% t%e body field is t%e 2!enu settings3 option0 C%ec t%e 2Pro#ide a menu lin bo-3and more options appear0

85 lter t%e title if re?uired 4t%e te-t displayed as t%e menu lin5 and add a description if you

would lie to0

95 T%e 2Parent item3 is t%e most important field %ere 6 c%oose 2bout3

5 "a#e

1ou mig%t now lie to clic on t%e 2bout3 section of t%e website to see your new menu item in t%esidebar0

Tips 1ou can safely ignore t%e 2weig%t3 option 6 it3s easier and more reliable to order t%e menu items

in t%e way you3ll learn in t%e ne-t c%apter0


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1e$isionsIf you update a page you may want to eep trac of t%e old #ersion of t%e page so t%at you can eep

a record of c%anges and re#ert to t%e old #ersion at a later point if re?uired0

To create a re$ision of the page:

65 In t%e edit page, c%oose 2Re#ision information30

5 C%ec 2Create new re#ision3

85 "a#e

1ou are now woring on a re#ision of t%e webpage, and t%ere is a new tab mared 2re#isions30 1oucan only e#er edit t%e current re#ision, but you can #iew t%e old re#isions by clicing on t%e

re#ision date in t%e list on t%e re#isions tab0

To re$ert to a pre$ious re$ision:

65 C%oose t%e 2Re#isions3 tab

5 Clic 2re#ert3 for t%e re#ision you want to go bac to0

Tips 2re#ert3 actually creates a new re#ision t%at is a copy of t%e re#ision you are going bac to0 1ou

don3t need to worry about losing t%e original once you start maing c%anges to it0

U1=s

Aood UR$s loo good in t%e address bar and are also %elpful for ad#ertising information on t%e

site0 ;.or instance, in a paris% notices%eet: 2Ao to www0marsteyc%urc%0org0u@alp%a for moreinformation30< T%ey can also %elp locate t%e user wit%in t%e site ;i0e0 all sermons %a#e t%e address

@sermons@titleust created was gi#en t%e UR$: 2about@

page'title30 ften t%at will do >ust fine0 "ometimes, %owe#er, you will want to o#erride w%at

Drupal c%ooses 4for instance to %a#e 2@alp%a3 rat%er t%an 2about@alp%a30

To o$erride the default U1=:

65 Edit t%e Page

5 C%oose UR$ pat% settings

85 Unc%ec 2utomatic alias3

95 .ill in t%e UR$ alias you want

5 "a#e

TipsIf you use s%ort UR$s be #ery careful not to use somet%ing t%at is already in use0

T%e UR$ you enter is always an 2alias30 T%e real UR$s in Drupal are somet%ing more lie 2)

?Fnode@9G30 T%e systems translates your 2alias3 into somet%ing Drupal can understand be%ind t%escenes0


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Publishing optionss well as sc%eduling a page to 4un5publis% automatically, you can 4un5publis% it manually using

t%e 2Publis%ing options3 section0

Unpublis%ing a page will also remo#e any menu lins from t%e menu 4t%ey will automatically

reappear w%en you re'publis% t%e page50To unpublish a page:

90 Edit t%e page and c%oose 2Publis%ing options30

70 Unc%ec 2Publis%ed3

G0 "a#e

TipsT%is is a good way to wor on drafts of a page before publis%ing it on t%e website0 t%er editors

w%o are logged in will be able to #isit t%e UR$ of t%e page you %a#e created but it will not be

#isible in t%e menu, or at all to non logged in #isitors0If you want to circulate a draft to people wit%out a log on, you can simply lea#e t%e page publis%ed,but unc%ec t%e menu lin option in !enu settings0 non logged in #isitor can see t%e page, but

t%ere is no lin to it from t%e website0

T%e 2Promoted to front page3 and 2"ticy at top of lists3 options %a#e no effect on /asic Pages0


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!anaging the !ain !enuIn this ChapterRe'ordering t%e menuEditing menu items

T%e top le#el items of t%e main menu are t%e section %eadings: 2bout3, 2/log3, 2E#ents3,

2"ermons30 T%e 2Home3 page is reac%ed by clicing on t%e logo0 1ou can also switc% t%e 2Home3page menu item bac on so t%at t%e sections read 2Home3, 2bout3

In t%e 2bout3 section t%ere is also a menu bloc on t%e left w%ic% s%ows menu items beneat% t%e2bout3 section %eading0 If t%ese second le#el menu items %a#e items beneat% t%em, t%ey %a#e a

little arrow to t%e left of t%e menu item to indicate t%at t%e menu item %as sub'items0 T%ey can eit%er

be e-panded by default, or will e-pand w%en t%at menu item is c%osen0T%e currently acti#e menu item in t%e menu bloc is underlined to indicate w%ere t%e user is wit%in

t%e section0

1ou can re'arrange t%e menu items %owe#er you lie, and use t%e same menu editing page to edit t%eindi#idual menu items 4for con#enience ' rat%er t%an editing t%em from wit%in t%e page t%at t%ey belongto50


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1e>ordering the *enu(e learned %ow to create menu items wit%in t%e form for creating and editing pages0

(%at if you want to re'arrange t%e order in w%ic% t%ese menu lins are s%own)

To re>order ite*s in the *enu:

65 Clic on 2!anage main menu in t%e s%ortcuts menu bar0

5 Drag t%e menu item you want to mo#e0 Drop it in t%e place in t%e menu you3d lie it mo#ed to0

85 "a#e

Tips 1ou can also access t%is admin page from t%e conte-tual lin w%en you %o#er o#er t%e menu

bloc0 C%oose 2list lins3 not 2edit menu30

Different le#els of t%e menu are s%ow by indentation0 If you drag 2bout3 4w%ic% %as many subitems5 you drag all t%e sub'items wit% it0 Play around wit% dragging menu items, but remember

not to press 2sa#e3 4you can get bac to w%ere you started >ust by reloading t%e page50 1ou can also drag menu items left and rig%t to c%ange t%e le#el at w%ic% t%e item appears in t%e menu0

gain, t%is is best disco#ered by playing wit% it0 !ae sure not to sa#e your c%angesJ


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#diting *enu ite*s.rom t%e same menu admin page, you can also edit t%e indi#idual menu lins by clicing on t%e

edit lin0 T%is is mostly t%e same as editing t%e menu item from t%e content editing page, wit% t%e

e-ception t%at you can also c%oose w%et%er to 2s%ow as e-panded30 If you c%ec t%is, t%e t%ird le#el

2c%ildren3 items will always be s%own e-panded0To edit a *enu ite*:

65 C%oose 2!anage main menu3 from t%e s%ortcut admin bar0

5 C%oose edit for t%e item you want to edit0

85 C%ange t%e title and description to suit0

95 "a#e

Tips T%e title s%ould be s%ort but descripti#e0

T%e 2description3 is te-t t%at will be s%own w%en t%e user %o#ers t%eir mouse o#er t%e menuitem0 Keep t%ese s%ort, but use t%em to pro#ide a little more information about w%ere t%e lin

will tae t%e user0

1ou don3t need to enable and disable menu items from t%is screen 6 you can do it from t%e main menuadmin screen0 "imilarly, it3s muc% ?uicer to c%ange 2parent item3 and 2weig%t3 by t%e drag and dropmet%od of t%e pre#ious page0

(%en you disable a menu item, t%e menu item will disappear0 T%e page is still t%ere, t%oug%, and

accessible to t%e user from t%e address bar 4by typing in t%e UR$50If you loo on t%e main menu admin page, t%e 2Home3 lin is disabled0 ;T%e %ome page is

ob#iously still t%ere t%oug% 6 and accessible t%roug% clicing on t%e logo0< Try enabling t%is to seet%e effect on t%e main admin menu0

To enable ? disable *enu ite*s:

65 C%oose 2manage main menu3

5 C%ec or unc%ec to item you want to enable or disable0

85 "a#e

Tips 1ou can also delete menu items from t%is page0 T%is will not delete t%e content 6 >ust t%e menu

lin t%at points to it0 1ou will usually want to disable a lin rat%er t%an delete it0$ins can be added from t%is screen 4t%e 2B dd lin3 at t%e top50 1ou would use t%is to add e-ternal linsto t%e menu0 It is #ery strongly ad#ised notto do t%is, as users will e-pect lins wit%in your menu systemto tae t%em to pages wit%in your site0 Instead, if you want to add lins to ot%er websites, create a 2lins3page, and list t%em t%ere


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#$ents

In this Chapter

Create an E#entDateImage & Descriptionptions


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Create an #$entE#ents are displayed on t%e 2E#ents3 page in re#erse date order 4i0e0 t%e ne-t e#ent coming up is

s%own first50 T%e t%ree ne-t e#ents are also s%own on t%e front page0

To create an e$ent:

65 C%oose 2dd content3 from t%e s%ortcut bar0

5 C%oose 2E#ent30

T%e e#ent form s%ould be #ery familiar by now0 It must %a#e a title, and t%ere is a body field and

some options in tabs at t%e bottom of t%e form0 $ie 2rticles3 you can add an image, w%ic% will be

displayed bot% in t%e list #iew and on t%e full page for t%e E#ent0 $ie t%e rticle 2Image3 fieldDrupal will tae care of resiLing images to an appropriate siLe0 nce you3#e uploaded an image

mae sure t%at it loos rig%t bot% in t%e list and t%e page #iew0T%ere are two new options:

#$ent =ocation6 to describe w%ere t%e e#ent will be0

#%#)T DAT#6 to describe w%en t%e e#ent is %appening0

$ocation is a simple te-t field0 1ou do not %a#e to enter a location 6 in fact as yourself w%et%eryou really need to0


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DateE#ents will be displayed up until t%e 2"tart date3 of t%e e#ent0 nce t%e e#ent %as begun it will not

be displayed in t%e list of e#ents coming up0

1ou %a#e two basic c%oices in t%e 2E*E+T DTE3 fieldset:

T%e 2ll Day3 c%ec bo-0 Is t%e e#ent 2ll Day3 or does it %a#e a particular start time) If youc%ec 2ll Day3 it will remo#e t%e time field4s5 and a single all day e#ent will be displayed wit%24all day53 written after t%e date0 ll day is often better for multi'day e#ents wit% t%e times for

eac% day added to t%e description of t%e e#ent0

T%e 2"%ow End Date3 c%ec bo-0 If you c%ec t%is, new fields appear to s%ow t%e end date and

time0 1ou will often want to display a date lie 2Mpm 6 Npm, ugust Grd, 789930 T%is re?uiresyou to %a#e an end date 6 in t%is case t%e same date as t%e start date, but a later time0

To enter a date:

65 C%oose 2ll Day3 and 2"%ow End Date3 as appropriate0

5 Clic in t%e Date field0 date picer will pop up 6 use t%is to select t%e date0

85 dd t%e time in 7'%our cloc form wit% two digits for t%e %our 428N3 not 2N35 and a colon separatingt%e %our and minutes0

I*age / Description

T%e image and description 4body5 fields are familiar from t%e rticle content type0

I*age

Images are good0 Do add one to e#ents0 1ou can find loads of images on Aoogle or .licr0 T%in

creati#ely0

T%e image field resiLes images on t%e e#ent list page and on t%e e#ent page itself to a 2medium3image 6 t%e same as t%e articles list page0 $andscape images will tend to loo better0

1ou can upload images bigger t%an 7O8-778 pi-els 4so tae t%e rubric wit% a pinc% of salt5 but t%atis t%e largest siLe t%at will be stored on t%e ser#er 6 it automatically s%rins it if you upload a bigger

one0

#$ent Description

T%e principle description s%ould be t%e e#ent title0 .eel free to lea#e t%e 2E#ent Description3 field

empty0T%e summary and teaser brea option wor >ust t%e same as t%ey did for rticles0If t%ere is a lot of information to e-plain about an e#ent 4parent registration forms, e-ternal website lins,programme details5 t%en t%in seriously about a separate 2summary3 for t%is list page w%ic% will tell t%e#isitor w%at will be included in t%e


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OptionsT%e options in t%e tabs at t%e bottom of t%e page are all ones t%at we %a#e already co#ered in

considering pages and articles0

Tips T%in carefully about t%e 2Promoted to front page3 option wit%in 2Publis%ing options30 If t%e

e#ent is not especially important, or is somet%ing you are ad#ertising for an outside agency youmig%t not want it to appear in t%e list of t%e ne-t t%ree upcoming e#ents0 Unc%ecing t%is will

stop it appearing on t%e front page0

T%e 2UR$3 setting will automatically pic up t%e title and pro#ide a UR$ in t%e form 2@e#ents@

title30 If you are ad#ertising t%e details in a newsletter you mig%t want to customise t%e UR$0

T%e e#ent is not deleted once it %as begun 6 it3s >ust not s%own on a list on t%e website0 It is stilla#ailable from its UR$0 .or t%is reason and for t%e sae of tidiness, you s%ould periodically deletee#ents t%at %a#e already occurred0 1ou can find t%en by filtering on t%e 2E#ent3 type from t%e 2.ind

Content3 lin in t%e s%ortcut bar0


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%iewsIn this Chapter(%at is a #iew)*iew Titles

+umber of *iew Items

2*iew3 is a customised list of content0 T%e *iews module pro#ides a #ery powerful set of toolsw%ic% allows lists of content to be pro#ided according to almost w%ate#er rules you concei#e, and

gi#es you complete control o#er %ow t%at #iew is displayed0

.or 2powerful3 read complicated0 T%is c%apter will not teac% you %ow #iews wors nor is it safe toe-periment 6 you run t%e danger of breaing somet%ing t%at you will not be able to mend0 If you

want to e-periment wit% *iews, t%en set up a clean website 4wit% a different address to t%e c%urc%website5 and e-periment t%ere0

(e will loo at %ow you can edit >ust a couple of t%e #iews settings for a particular #iew0


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+hat is a $iew,(e described a #iew as a customised list of content0 In fact one #iew can pro#ide se#eral different

lists of content 4or 2displays350 T%e options pro#ided by #iews create comple- database ?ueries on

your content, and rules for formatting t%e database fields t%at it retrie#es0

$et3s loo at an e-ample 6 so on t%e front page, %o#er o#er t%e 2.rom t%e /log3 bloc and c%oose2edit #iew30Under 2Displays3 are t%e #arious Displays t%at %a#e been set up for t%is #iew 6 Page 4t%e page #iew

t%at you get w%en you go to 2/log35= 2.ront Page /loc3 4on t%e front page5, 2Recent rticles /loc3

4in t%e sidebar on e#ery page in t%e /log section5= and 2.eed3 4w%ic% pro#ides an R"" feed at2@blog@feed3 6 see appendi- N on 2.eeding .aceboo350 1ou can see t%at it is t%e 2Page3 display t%at

we are on, not t%e 2.ront Page /loc3 6 e#en t%oug% t%at is w%ere we came from0 Clic on 2.rontPage /loc3 to get to t%e settings for t%e .ront Page bloc t%at we came from0

T%e first column describes t%e elements t%at go into putting t%is display toget%er:

TitleT%e bloc title0

"or*atT%e 2format3 option describes %ow t%e #iew will be displayed0 ;T%is bloc is >ust a list 6 t%e rotating

images bloc is a slides%ow0< T%e 2s%ow3 option allows us indi#idual fields, or t%e w%ole node content

"ields(e can c%oose all t%e fields t%at we want to be part of t%is #iew display, and %ow t%ey will be

formatted0

"ilter Criteria/y default t%e #iew will list e#ery piece on content on t%e site0 (e filter t%at %ere by asing for

only content t%at is publis%ed and of type 2rticle30

&ort Criteria(%at order do we want t%e list of items displayed in0 Here, we %a#e ased for re#erse order of

t%e posting date0

T%e ne-t column describes t%e basic layout of t%e w%ole #iew display and t%e number of items t%atwill be displayed0

Bloc &ettingsT%e 2/loc +ame3 is t%e name t%at you will see in t%e /loc or Conte-t lists for adding blocs

to regions0 T%e 2ccess3 settings allow you to restrict w%o will be able to #iew t%is0

0eader and "ooter(ill add te-t before and@or after t%e #iew

PagerT%e pager is displayed at t%e bottom of t%e page to brea a long list of results up into #arious

pages0 It is also used to restrict t%e number of results t%at are s%own0 Here it is used to restrictt%e number of items to >ust two0 If you %a#e restricted t%e number of items returned you can seta 2!ore $in3 6 to lin to a list of all t%e results0

T%e t%ird column is %idden until you press 2d#anced30 $ea#e it %idden0


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%iew TitlesT%e #iew title will be t%e title t%at is displayed eit%er as t%e page title for a page #iew, or as t%e

bloc title for bloc #iews0

To change the $iew title:

65 !ae sure t%at you %a#e selected t%e display t%at you want to c%ange t%e title of0

5 Under 2TIT$E3 clic on t%e current title name0

85 E#ery display in t%e #iew will use t%e same settings unless you o#erride t%em for a particular

display0 1ou will generally want titles to be specific to a particular display, so in t%e 2.or3

dropdown c%oose 2T%is /loc 4o#erride530

95 (rite t%e new title in t%e title field0

5 Clic 2pply 4t%is display53 4or 2pply 4all displays53 if you %a#e c%osen to edit t%e default title50

@5 t t%e top rig%t of t%e #iew form, you must now clic 2"a#e3 to sa#e t%e c%anges you %a#e

made0

Tips It is easy to t%in t%at once you %a#e cliced 2pply3 you %a#e sa#ed your c%ange0 T%e c%anges youmae to a #iew are not sa#ed until you %a#e t%en pressed 2"a#e30


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)u*ber of %iew Ite*s particular #iew display may %a#e been set up to s%ow a specific number of items 4two articles and

t%ree upcoming e#ents on t%e %ome page for instance50 1ou may want to c%ange %ow many items

are displayed0

To change the nu*ber of ite*s:

65 !ae sure you are in t%e rig%t display0

5 Under 2Pager3 t%ere will be a lin w%ic% simply reads 27 items3 4or %owe#er many items it is50Clic t%is lin0

85 C%ange t%e number of 2Items to display30

95 Clic 2pply30

5 Clic 2"a#e3 in t%e main #iew form0


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Blocs

In this chapter

(%at is a bloc)How blocs are displayedUnderstanding t%e Conte-t

Editing blocsdding a new bloc


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+hat is a bloc, bloc is a reusable piece of content t%at can be displayed on a number of different pages on t%e

site0 .or instance t%e footer te-t gi#ing t%e address of t%e c%urc% is a 2bloc3 of te-t w%ic% is reused

on e#ery page0

!ost blocs are >ust used on a few pages 4or one page50 T%e menu bloc is used on e#ery page int%e 2bout3 section0 T%e front page blocs for t%e recent articles, e#ents coming up and most recentnews are only used on t%at page0

/locs can simply be static te-t 4i0e0 t%e two footer blocs5 or t%ey can be dynamic content 4i0e0 t%e

menu bloc 6 w%ic% dynamically presents new items in t%e menu as you add t%em, and alsoresponds to conte-t by e-panding only items in t%e 2acti#e trail350

!any blocs on t%e site pro#ide a 2*iew3 of different content items on t%e website 4i0e0 all t%e frontpage blocs50 1ou3ll learn more about 2#iews3 and %ow to edit t%em in t%e ne-t c%apter0

(%ile dynamic blocs 4#iews and t%e menu bloc5 need to be pro#ided by modules, blocs of

simple te-t can be written by you #ery easily, and using t%e principles in t%is c%apter displayed one-actly t%e pages of t%e website t%at you c%oose0

0ow blocs are displa-ed

E#ery page on t%e website is built from a template w%ic% pulls into t%e page t%e #arious pieces ofcontent t%at t%e page is made up of0 Eac% of t%e areas of t%e page w%ere you can insert content is

called a 2region3 and any region can be assigned as many different 2blocs3 as you lie 4including

t%e main content for t%e page5 in w%ate#er order you c%oose01ou clearly want to lea#e t%e 2main content3 for t%e page in t%e 2main content3 region 6 but you can

add a 2bloc3 before or after t%e main content, and add as many blocs to as many different regionson t%e page as you lie0

T%e decision to display a bloc on a particular page 4or not5 is made by two completely separatemodules 6 t%e core 2/loc3 module, and a contributed module called 2Conte-t30 If eit%er modulewants to display a bloc it will get displayed, but 2Conte-t3 %as more powerful options for c%oosing

groups of pages, so most blocs on t%e site are not assigned a region by t%e 2/locs3 module, but byt%e 2Conte-t3 module0If you c%oose 2Configure /loc3 as a conte-tual lin, and see t%at t%e bloc is assigned to Region 6

2+one3, t%en you now t%at it is being displayed by t%e Conte-t module and not by t%e 2/loc !odule3 6you will need to understand and edit t%e conte-t to c%ange t%e way t%at t%e bloc is displayed0


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1egions

T%e page regions t%at you s%ould use on t%e website t%at appear on e#ery page are t%e following:

ContentT%e main content region 4main column5 on eac% page0 T%is is switc%ed from t%e left %and to t%e

rig%t %and side of t%e page by t%e 2bout3 Conte-t, but is t%e same region0

&idebar firstT%is is t%e sidebar on t%e page and is probably t%e region t%at you will assign any new blocsyou create to0

"ooterT%e left %and region in t%e footer 4w%ic% contains t%e c%urc% address50

"ooter &econd 1egionT%e rig%t %and region in t%e footer 4w%ic% contains contact details50

T%e following regions are only in use on t%e front page0 ;T%ey can be used on any page, but it is

#ery strongly recommended not to do t%is0ust underneat% t%e %eader 4to tell you t%atyou %a#e successfully sa#ed c%anges for instance50 T%e tabs for editing t%e main content and t%e page titleare also directly output by t%e template0 T%e image at t%e rig%t of t%e %eader, and t%e coloured bacground

of %eader and footer are part of t%e template itself0ust suc% a bloc0

To add a new te't bloc:

65 C%oose 2"tructure3 from t%e admin toolbar, and t%en 2/locs30

5 C%oose 2Bdd bloc3 from t%e top of t%e page0

85 .ill out t%e new bloc form0

Tips nce you %a#e sa#ed your bloc, go and add it to t%e region you want in t%e way described pre#iously0


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!anaging Content

In this Chapter

Editing Content.inding Content.iltering by "tatus and Type

/ul perations"earc%ing for Content


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#diting Content1ou already now %ow to edit content t%at is currently displayed on t%e website:

.rom t%e main page for t%e content c%oose t%e 2edit3 tab0

.rom t%e list #iew, clic on t%e conte-tual options gear and c%oose 2edit30

(%at about e#ents t%at are no longer displayed because t%ey %a#e passed) r articles or pages t%atare not displayed because t%ey are not publis%ed 4eit%er because t%ey are sc%eduled not to be

publis%ed yet, or you %a#e manually set t%em to unpublis%ed5)

How about finding an article t%at was publis%ed some mont%s ago) Do you %a#e to trawl t%roug%pages of articles to find t%e one you are looing for)

(%at if I want to permanently delete 9M e-pired e#ents) Do I %a#e to do t%em one at a time)Easy ways to %andle all t%ese ?uestions t%at relate to managing t%e content on t%e site are co#ered in t%isc%apter0

"inding Contentll of t%e content on t%e site is listed in t%e main 2Content3 admin page 4in t%e s%ortcut menu it3slisted as 2.ind Content350 It3s listed by re#erse order in w%ic% it was last created or edited, so t%e

items t%at you most want to loo at are listed first01ou especially want to go %ere to loo for content if it is not publis%ed 4wit% t%e e-ception of

rotating images, you won3t find it anyw%ere else50

To find content:

65 Clic on 2.ind Content3 from t%e s%ortcut bar0

5 Clic on t%e title to go to t%e main page for t%at piece of content= clic on 2edit3 to edit t%e

content= or clic on 2delete3 if you want to go straig%t to deleting it0

Tips T%e tabs at t%e top of t%e page gi#e you ?uic access to a list of all comments on t%e site, to

media items uploaded to t%e site and to t%e list of items sc%eduled for publis%ing0 T%ese wor in

a #ery similar way to t%e main list of content items0


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"iltering b- &tatus and T-peIf t%e item t%at you are looing for is not one of t%e most recently created or edited items, you mig%t

need to t%in t%e list down a bit before you trawl t%roug% it0

1ou can filter eit%er by "tatus 4most useful for looing only at unpublis%ed content5 and by Type

4i0e0 to see >ust pages, or >ust articles etc50To filter the list of Content:

65 C%oose status or type 4or bot%5 from t%e drop downs0

5 Press 2.ilter3

Tips nce you %a#e applied a filter, Drupal will remember it 4e#en ne-t time you #isit t%is page50 nce a

filter is set, you must press 2Undo3 to clear it0


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Bul Operations

(%ile you can edit e#ery item in t%e 2.ind Content3 list indi#idually, sometimes you will want to do

t%e same t%ing to se#eral at t%e same time0

T%e most common t%ing t%at you will want to do is to delete a group of items, but t%ere are alsooptions to bul publis% or unpublis%, set 2promote to front page3 preferences or to update t%e UR$alias 4useful if you %a#e c%anged rules by w%ic% t%ese are created50

To perfor* a bul operation:

65 C%ec e#ery item you want to perform t%e action on0

5 C%oose t%e action you want to perform from t%e 2Update ptions3 dropdown0

85 Press 2Update30

Tips In t%e list of !edia t%e bul operation options do not appear until you %a#e c%eced at least one

item in t%e list0

1ou can #iew media in eit%er list #iew of t%umbnail #iew 4using t%e icons at t%e top rig%t of t%e mediapage50 T%e t%umbnail #iew will probably be t%e most useful0


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&earching for Content1ou will not often need to searc% for content0 /ecause you can find most of t%e content readily on

t%e site, and easily see a list of unpublis%ed content from t%e 2.ind Content3 lin, you will usually

%a#e no problem getting straig%t to t%e content you want to #iew or edit0

"ometimes t%ere may be a piece of content t%at you cannot readily find, but you can remember aword or two from0 T%ere is no site'wide searc% form, but once you are logged in as an administratoror editor, t%ere is one a#ailable to you in t%e das%board0

To search for content:

65 C%oose 2Das%board3 from t%e top admin menu0

5 Type in your searc% term 4one or more words5 into t%e 2"earc% .orm3 bo-0

85 Press t%e 2"earc%3 button0

95 list of results comes up 6 clic on t%e title to tae you to t%e page for t%e rele#ant piece of

content0

5 If you didn3t get t%e result you wanted you can searc% again from t%is page0

Tips 1ou can go straig%t to searc% from t%e UR$ 2@searc%3 6 t%is redirects to 2searc%@node3 4node is t%e termfor a piece of content in Drupal50


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Bacing upIn this chapter(%y /ac Up)How to bac up

How to restore from a bacup

/acing t%ings up always sounds #ery boring until you lose somet%ing, and t%en you ic yourself

for not doing it01our %osting pro#ider s%ould pro#ide bacups to roll bac to if somet%ing goes wrong, but you

s%ould do it yourself too0


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+h- Bac Up,Probably not%ing will go wrong, but:

"omet%ing %orrible could %appen to your %osting pro#ider 4not #ery liely, but possible50

1ou could do somet%ing stupid 4w%ic% I3m sure you won3t, but50

"ome #irus or malicious code could corrupt your web files or your database 4also not liely, butpossible50

Especially it3s wort% noting t%at t%ere is no 2undo3 w%en it comes to website editing0 If you clic t%e2select all3 bo- on t%e list of content, and t%en c%oose 2Delete3 in t%e update actions drop down all t%e

content is deleted0 1ou cannot get it bac 6 not any way, not e#er0 +ot, t%at is, unless you baced it upearlier0

0ow to bac up

(e are going to bac up t%e database 6 but t%is will not bac up all t%e files 4audio, images etc5

sa#ed in t%e files directory of t%e website, so we will also bac up all t%e files in t%e 2public3 filesdirectory0

To bac up:65 Clic on 2Configuration3 in t%e admin toolbar0

5 Clic on 2/acup and !igrate3 in t%e 2"ystem3 section0

85 Clic 2/acup now3 to download a bacup of t%e database0

95 C%ange t%e second drop down to 2!anual /acup Directory30

5 Clic 2/acup now3 to download a bacup of t%e public files directory0

Tips T%e files bacup in particular will be %uge 6 don3t eep t%em all fore#er0 Ha#e a sc%edule 6 you

mig%t eep fortnig%tly bacups for two mont%s and t%en delete t%em0

T%e database 4but not t%e files5 is baced up on t%e webser#er daily, and ept for a wee0 T%is s%ouldallow you to restore to any point in t%e last wee if somet%ing goes wrong and t%e database becomescorrupted for any reason0 1ou can c%ange t%is routine on t%e 2"c%edules3 tab0


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0ow to restore fro* a bacupIf somet%ing %as recently gone wrong, you s%ould first try to restore from a recent database bacup

on t%e ser#er0 /e aware t%at t%is will eradicate any good c%anges t%at anyone %as made since t%at

bacup0

To restore fro* a bacup on the ser$er:

65 Ao to 2Configuration3, t%en 2/acup and !igrate30

5 C%oose t%e 2Destinations3 tab0

85 C%oose 2list files3 for t%e "c%eduled /acups Directory0

95 C%oose 2restore3 for t%e date you want to restore bac to0

To restore fro* a bacup on -our co*puter:

65 C%oose t%e 2Restore3tab

5 In t%e first drop down select w%et%er t%is is a database or public files restore

85 C%oose a file to upload and upload it0

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