Broward Quick Check

March 2012

Drug Abuse Patterns and Trends Update

James N. Hall Report # 54South Florida Drug ObservatoryNova Southeastern University

Number of Cocaine Reports Detected Among Decedents in Florida: 2000 - 2010

NUMBER of COCAINE

OCCURRENCES

Including “Present” &

“Cause of Death”

SOURCE: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Report 2010

0

1,000

2,000

1,0341,105 1,307

1,6141,7021,9432,0522,1791,791

1,4621,402

State of Florida

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

0

50

100

150

200

80 94121 138 120 136 150 157 146 135 127

Broward

Number of Other Substances Detected in Cocaine-Related Deaths in Broward County: 2010

Rx Muscle Relax

Rx Opioid

Rx Benzo

Marijuana

Alcohol

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

4

86

66

7

42

SOURCE: Analysis of Florida Medical Examiners Commission Data 2009-2010by Center for Study & Prevention of Substance Abuse, Nova Southeastern Univ.

# of Occurrences

Total # Other Drugs = 205

Number of Primary Cocaine Treatment AdmissionsBroward County, FL: 2009-2011

2009 2010 2x 1h 20110

100200300400500600700800900

610424

294

159

57

54

Powder Cocaine Crack Cocaine

# o

f pri

mar

y Tr

eatm

ent

Adm

issi

ons

SOURCE: Florida Department of Children and Families

769

481

Total Cocaine in Red

348

NUMBER OF HEROIN-RELATED DEATHS IN BROWARD COUNTY, FL: 2000 - 2010

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

0102030405060

17

53 50 49

35

17 134

178 5

SOURCE: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Reports 2000-2010

# H

eroi

n D

eath

s

NUMBER OF HEROIN-RELATED DEATHS IN FLORIDA: 2000 - 2010

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

050

100150200250300350 Florida

Miami-DadeBroward

SOURCE: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Reports 2000-2010

58# H

eroi

n D

eath

s

265

Number of Other Substances Detected in Heroin-Related Deaths State of Florida: 2010

Other Rx

Rx Opioid

Rx Benzo

Other Illicit

Alcohol

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

1

60

39

35

15

SOURCE: Analysis of Florida Medical Examiners Commission Data 2010by Center for Study & Prevention of Substance Abuse, Nova Southeastern Univ.

# of Occurrences

54 of 58 Heroin Deaths with 1 or more other drugs

Number of Primary Heroin Treatment AdmissionsBroward County, FL: 2009-2011

2009 2010 2x1h 20110

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

105

156

100

# of

prim

ary

Trea

tmen

t Adm

issi

ons

SOURCE: Florida Department of Children and Families

2009 2010 % Changed Broward County 490 470 Down 4 %

Miami-Dade County 239 359 Up 50 %

Palm Beach County 429 365 Down 15 %State of Florida 5,275 5,647 Up 7 %

Number of Deaths with One or More Prescription Medications Detected

2009 vs. 2010

Source: FDLE – Drugs Identified In Deceased Persons by Florida Medical Examiners 2010 Report

Number of Oxycodone Reports Detected among Decedents in Florida: Jan 2007 – Dec 2010

SOURCE: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Report 2010

NUMBER of Oxycodone

OCCURRENCESIncluding

“Present” &“Cause of Death”

2007 2008 2009 20100

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

1,2531,574

1,948

2,384

Number of Oxycodone Reports Detected among Decedents in South Florida: 2007-2010

NUMBER of Oxycodone

OCCURRENCESIncluding

“Present” &“Cause of Death”

SOURCE: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Report 2010

2007 2008 2009 20100

50

100

150

200

250

144 165184 177

119

171

225 236

45 46

66

100

Palm BeachBrowardMiami-Dade

Number of Alprazolam Reports Detected among Decedents in Florida: 2007 – 2010

SOURCE: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Report 2010

NUMBER of Alprazolam

OCCURRENCESIncluding

“Present” &“Cause of Death”

2007 2008 2009 20100

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

1,348

1,873 1,9632,193

Alprazolam

Number of Alprazolam Reports Detected among Decedents in South Florida: 2007- 2010

NUMBER of Alprazolam

OCCURRENCESIncluding

“Present” &“Cause of Death”

SOURCE: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Report 2010

2007 2008 2009 20100

50

100

150

200

250

300

124

176158 124133

203

245 235

101 101 98

124

Palm Beach

Broward

Miami-Dade

Florida Counties Ranked High in 2010 on Three or More of the Following Indicators:

• Rate of Rx Opioid Deaths• Rate of Rx Benzodiazepine Deaths• Rate of Overdose ED Visits/Hospitalizations• Pain Clinics per 100,000• Treatment Admissions for Rx Drugs

Number of high indicators:

543

Flagler

HighlandsHardee

Polk

Martin

St. Lucie

Okeee

echobee

Indian River

PutnamAlachua

Bradfor

dUnionColu

mbia

Gilchrist

Levy

Dixie

Suwannee

Hamilton

St.JohnsClay

Duval

Nassau

Baker

Pinellas

Pasco

Manatee

Hillsborough

Brevard

Osceola

Orange

Seminole

Collier

HendryLee

Glades

De SotoSarasota

Palm Beach

LakeSumterHernando

Citrus

Marion

Taylor

Madison

Jeffe

rson

Wakulla

Leon

Franklin

Liberty

Gadsden

Jackson

Calhoun

Gulf

BayWas

hingto

n

Escambia

Santa Rosa

Okaloosa

Walton

Broward

Dade

Holmes

Monroe

Volusia

Lafayette

Charlotte

Source: Florida’s State Epidemiology Work Group

Number of Primary Treatment Admissions for Juveniles and Adults by Drug in Broward

County. FL: January - June 2011

Source: Florida Department of Children and Families

Other/UnknownHeroin

Rx Benzo'sCocaine/Crack

AlcoholRx OpioidsMarijuana

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700164

50

65174

455503

650

Number of Primary Admissions

Number of Juvenile (<18) Treatment Clients by Primary Drug in Broward County, FL:

January – June 2011

Source: Florida Department of Juvenile Justice

Other Drugs/Unknown

Alcohol

Cocaine

Marijuana

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200

21

13

4

399

Broward n= 437

Number of Juvenile Treatment Clients

or 91 % of all Juvenile admissions

Number of Juvenile Arrests for Alcohol & Drug Charges in Broward County:

July 2010 – June 2011

Source: Florida Department of Juvenile Justice

All Other Drug Charges

Alcohol

Cocaine

Marijuana

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200

277

57

96

1112

Broward n= 1,542

Broward n= 1,542

Number of Juvenile Drug Charges

Marijuana = 72 % of all drug charges

Synthetic Cannabinoids

• 5 Illegal as July 2011

• Others Now Reported

• Motivation:

“Beat the Drug Test”

• 516 Poison Center

Exposure Calls in

Florida during 2011

Ecstasy is the Enigma

• What is it?– MDMA or – Emerging Psychoactive Substances (EPS)?

• Who’s using it?• From where does it come?• Detected in 5 Broward Deaths in 2010

Number of Ecstasy-Like Synthetic Drug Poison Control Exposure Calls in Florida: 2011

Synthetic Drug Category # of Poison Exposure Calls

Hallucinogenic Amphetamines 184MDPV & Mephedrone (Bath Salts) 152Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) 6

Source: Florida Poison Information Center – Miami1-800-222-1222

336Exposures

6Exposures

516 Exposures

Florida Poison InfoExposure Calls 2011

Ecstasy: Number of Crime Lab Cases for MDMA, Piperazines, Tryptamines, Phenethylamines, and Cathinones in South Florida: January -June 2011

Source: US DEA-National Forensic Laboratory Information System

3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE (MDMA) 216N-BENZYLPIPERAZINE (BZP) 865-METHOXY-N,N-DIISOPROPYLTRYPTAMINE (5-MeO-DIPT) 12METHYLENEDIOXYPYROVALERONE (MDPV) 114-METHYLMETHCATHINONE (4-MMC) (MEPHEDRONE) 10N-METHYL-3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYCATHINONE (METHYLONE) 23,4-METHYLENEDIOXYAMPHETAMINE (MDA) 1

1. New Synthetic Substances• State EPS Work Group

2. Methamphetamine Resurgence3. Is Heroin on the Horizon?

Emerging Issues 2012