Driver Education Program - Mass.gov · A driver education program must also consist of 12 hours onroad instruction conducted by a certified driver - ... importance of understanding

Driver Education Program

Revised 10/2014 Massachusetts Registry of Motor Vehicles

Preface Revised 10/2014

The Registry of Motor Vehicles (RMV) has developed the following driver education program as a means of standardizing driver education throughout the state. The driver education program is comprised of the Driver Education Curriculum, Driver Practicum Curriculum, the Parent Curriculum, and a final examination. As of September 1, 2007 it is mandatory that the RMV program be taught in Professional Driving School Programs and Public and Private High School Programs. The aim of the new program is to ensure consistency among driver education programs by standardizing the knowledge, skills and ability of each student driver. It is the RMV’s hope that driver education be a comprehensive learning experience that will lead to a reduction in the number of crashes by junior operators.

A driver education program must consist of at least 30 hours of classroom instruction. The RMV curriculum consists of 15, two hour modules. The modules are comprised of topic matter that will provide students the skills necessary to obtain a driver’s license and to become conscientious drivers. The RMV recommends that the modules be taught in the order they appear. If the instructor chooses to vary from the recommended program, the order in which the modules will be taught must be documented and made available upon request.

Each student must be taught the material contained in all 15 modules. If a student misses a class, the student must make up the module that was missed or the course hours will be considered incomplete. Material in the modules may be taught through instruction, guest speakers, textbook or video presentation. A full list of recommended supplemental materials for the program can be found in Appendix A.

A driver education program must also consist of 12 hours on-road instruction conducted by a certified driver education instructor and 6 hours of observation. A Driver Practicum Curriculum outlining the on-road skills that should be taught is found in Appendix B. Driver education instructors must be fully certified in both classroom and on-road instruction. An instructor meeting the minimum certification requirements must complete a driving instructor training program and pass a written driving instructor examination.

A final examination must be offered to students upon completion of the course. The final examination should test a student’s comprehension of the topics covered in the driver’s education program.

A parent/guardian driver education class must be included within the driver education program. Parents/Guardians should be educated in the content of the driver education curriculum, the junior operator law, the restrictions a junior operator license carries and the driving skills and behaviors their children should be learning throughout the driver education experience. A sample curriculum for a parent/guardian course can be found in Appendix C. A parents/guardian’s guide to the junior operator law appears on the RMV website at www.massrmv.com.

Driver Education Program Version Table

Document Version Date

Original Document 12/2006 Revision 08/2010

Current Revision 10/2014

Table of Contents Revised 10/2014

Module 1 – Introduction to Driver’s Education p. 1

Module 2 – Signs Signals and Road Markings p. 3

Module 3 – Understanding the Vehicle and Its Controls p. 5

Module 4 – Basic Driving Skills p. 8

Module 5 – Rules of the Road p. 11

Module 6 – Making Safe Driving Decisions p. 13

Module 7 – Sharing the Road p. 15

Module 8 – How Natural Law Effect Driving p. 17

Module 9 – Different Driving Environments p. 20

Module 10 – Driving in All Weather Conditions p. 23

Module 11 – Mental and Physical Effects on Driving p. 25

Module 12 – The Dangers of Alcohol, Drugs & Driving: PART I p. 27

Module 13 – The Dangers of Alcohol, Drugs & Driving: PART II p. 29

Module 14 – Consequences of Unsafe Driving and Poor Decision Making p. 31

Module 15 – Handling Emergencies and Breakdowns; Final Review p. 32

Driver’s Education Supplemental Materials Appendix A

Driver Practicum Curriculum Appendix B

Parent/Guardian Curriculum Appendix C

1 Driver Education Program

Module 1 – Introduction to Driver’s Education

Revised 10/2014 Introduction to Driver’s Education

Purpose The introduction module is intended to provide an explanation of the driver’s education program content and expectations. The instructor should identify the basic elements of becoming a successful driver and provide an overview of the Massachusetts driver’s license and the license process.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to: Explain the structure of the driver’s education program and their responsibilities for successful

completion. List the basic driving fundamentals

Identify the impact of decision making on driving records

Define the Massachusetts license classes and restrictions

Outline the procedure for obtaining a license

Measurement Issue a personality indicator instrument so students can identify the type of driver they might be. Facilitate a discussion with the students on decision-making and gauge their understanding of how

decisions impact their driving.

Topic Outline

1. Student Responsibilities, Class Schedule & Syllabus Structure of Class, Administrative Requirements

2. Value of Taking a Driver Education Course 3. Driving Fundamentals

Control Responsibility Recognition Anticipation Compensation Courtesy


4. Importance of Good Decision Making

5. Driving is a Privilege not a Right

6. Consequences of Poor Decision Making (Overview; See Module 14)

Lifetime look back Out of state violation count on MA record Injury Criminal vs. civil infractions

7. License Classes and Restrictions

a. Learner’s Permit b. Junior Operator License (JOL) c. Full License

8. Overview of Road Test

a. Specialized Features in Vehicle Not Allowed During Road Test (see “Passenger Vehicle Test Procedures” section of Chapter One of the Driver’s Manual)

b. 72 Hour Road Test Cancellation Policy c. Total Number of Road Tests Allowed in One Year


Module 2 – Signs, Signals and Road Markings Revised 10/2014 Signs, Signals and Road Markings

Purpose This module provides basic education on the concept of the transportation system and explains the road markings that new drivers must be able to read and understand in order to apply this information to a driving situation. This module is intended to identify roadway communication tools that drivers must be able to comprehend and be responsive to.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, students should be able to: List the various types of traffic signs Recognize the common roadway signs and explain each sign’s purpose

Identify how a driver must respond to different signals

Explain the purpose of the roadway markings and how a safe driver adheres to the markings

Measurement Issue a pre-test about signs, signals, and road markings at the beginning of this module then issue a post-

test at the end of this module.

Topic Outline 1. The Highway Transportation System

A. What is the Highway Transportation System (HTS)? B. Highways and Their Design

Intersection with Streets and Roads C. Federal & State Requirements

2. Traffic Signs A. Stop and Yield Signs B. Regulatory Signs Action Required Speed Limit Signs Railroad Cross bucks C. Warning Signs Action Required School Area Signs Railroad Warning Signs D. Guide Signs Function of Guide Signs


Route Markers Destination and Mileage Signs Roadside Services Signs Recreational Services Signs

International Signs in Use in the United States E. Road Work Warnings

3. Traffic Signals

A. Motor Vehicle Signals B. Pedestrian Signals C. Traffic Officer’s Directions D. Lane-Use Lights

4. Roadway Markings

A. White Lane Lines Broken, Solid, Double Solid B. Yellow Lane Lines Broken, Double: One Solid, One Broken, Double: Both Solid C. Arrows D. Bicycle E. Crosswalks F. Stop Lines G. Railroad Crossing

5. School Zones 6. Crossing Guard Safety (from “Crossing Guards” section of Chapter Four of the Driver’s Manual) 7. Construction Zones


Module 3 – Understanding the Vehicle and Its Controls

Revised 10/2014 Understanding the Vehicle and Its Controls

Purpose This module provides an orientation of the basic vehicle components and the control systems drivers must be familiar with in order to control a vehicle. The subject matter is intended to educate new drivers about the importance of understanding and effectively using vehicle components and to build routine habits necessary to being a safe driver.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the student should be able to: Locate and label basic vehicle components Explain the importance of communication devices and its affect on driving

Create pre-driving procedure checklist

Define the two types of transmissions

Measurement Have each student create a pre-driving checklist. Have each student complete a vehicle survey of the components of the vehicle they will drive the most.

Topic Outline 1. Transmission Types

A. Automatic Transmission B. Manual Transmission

2. Basic Vehicle Components

A. Control Devices Ignition Switch Selector Lever for Automatic Transmission Gearshift for Manual Transmission Clutch Pedal for Manual Transmission Steering Wheel Accelerator (Gas Pedal) Cruise Control


Brake Pedal Parking Brake

B. Comfort Devices Seat-Position Controls Steering Wheel Air Conditioner and Heater Air Vents

3. Visibility & Vehicle Safety

A. Devices that Aid Visibility Lights Windshield Wipers and Washer Sun Visors Defroster (Defogger) Rearview and Side-View Mirrors

B. Restraint Systems Safety Belts Air Bags Head Restraints Door Locks Structural Features

C. Anti-Theft Devices Ignition Buzzer Locks Alarms and Other Antitheft Devices

4. Instruments & Controls

Speedometer and Odometer Fuel Gauge Alternator Gauge or Warning Light Temperature Gauge or Warning Light Oil-Pressure Gauge or Warning Light Brake Warning Light (ABS) Check Engine Light

Other Dashboard Lights 5. Communication Devices

Taillights Directional (Turn) Signals Emergency Flashers (Hazard Lights) Parking Lights Horn

6. Pre-Driving Procedure

A. External Checks View the Surrounding Area Tires Importance of proper pressure

Proper wear pattern


Sufficient tread depth for safety (minimum 2/32 inch)

Vehicle Body Exterior Lights: Headlights, Directional Lights, Brake Lights, Back-Up Lights and Tail Lights Exhaust System Fluid Levels Under the Hood

B. Internal Checks

Dash Board Fluid Level Alerts Fuel Level

Brakes Types of Brakes: ABS and other brake systems Parking Brake Safety Belts Spare Tire & tire changing equipment First-Aid Kit (not required)

7. Discussion with students about how to safely change a tire.


Module 4 – Basic Driving Skills Revised 10/2014 Basic Driving Skills

Purpose This module instructs students on the basic driving skills necessary to begin driving. It is intended that students learn the proven successful methods for operating a vehicle, navigating turns, moving and stopping and incorporating the use of the necessary vehicle control and communicating devices.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the student should be able to: Identify the initial steps a driver always takes as they prepare to drive. Demonstrate effective methods of holding a steering wheel, turning the steering wheel, and steering in

reverse Describe how to use the various mirrors while driving and how they assist in navigation List the steps drivers must follow when preparing to turn or change lanes

Explain how to control your vehicle using acceleration, deceleration and braking.

Measurement Issue a pre-test and a post-test that addresses the key components of basic driving skills.

Topic Outline 1. Preparing to Drive 2. Starting, Moving & Stopping

Moving Into Traffic Advance Planning Visibility

Time Space

3. Steering Forward and Through Turns Holding the Steering Wheel Tracking and Steering Steering in a Straight Line Steering to Turn


Hand-over-hand steering Push-pull-feed steering Steering in Reverse

4. Use of Mirrors 5. Use of Headlights 6. Signaling 7. Turning Procedures

A. Executing a Right Turn Preparing to Make a Right Turn

Check for other motorists, bicyclists, motorcyclists and pedestrians that may be approaching on the right. Choose the Correct Lane

Communicate Intentions to Other Motorists (and pedestrians and bicyclists) Position the Vehicle

B. Executing a Left Turn

Preparing for a Left Turn Check for other motorists, bicyclists, motorcyclists and pedestrians

Choose the Correct Lane Communicate Intentions to Other Motorists (and pedestrians and bicyclists)

Position the Vehicle

Turning Left from a Two-Way Street onto a Two-Way Street Turning Left from a Two-Way Street onto a One-Way Street Turning Left from a One-Way Street onto a One-Way Street

Turning Left from a One-Way Street onto a Two-Way Street

8. Backing up A. Straight B. While turning

9. Executing a Reverse in Direction Turnabouts

Two-Point Turns Backing into a Driveway Heading into a driveway on the left Heading into a driveway on the right Three-Point Turns U-Turns

10. Parking the Vehicle

A. Angle Parking and Perpendicular Parking Right-or-Left-Angle Parking (show illustrations) Perpendicular Parking (show illustrations) B. Exiting an Angled or a Perpendicular Parking Space C. Parallel Parking


D. Parking in Other Areas Parking in a driveway Parking in a garage Parking on a hill Parking downhill with a curb Parking downhill without a curb Parking uphill with a curb Parking uphill without a curb Restrictions on parking

11. Changing Lanes

The Safest Way to Change Lanes Advance Planning Visibility Scanning Time Space Making the Change

12. Passing

A. Decision making process Road Signs and Pavement Markings Weather Conditions

Relative Speeds of the Two Vehicles B. Passing Another Vehicle C. Being Passed

13. Acceleration and Braking

A. Acceleration, Deceleration, and Speed Acceleration and Deceleration Rates Vary Maintaining a Constant Speed Monitoring Your Speed

14. Green Driving Tips (From Chapter Six of Driver’s Manual)


Module 5 – Rules of the Road Revised 10/2014 Rules of the Road

Purpose This module is intended to teach students about the rules of the road and the proper observation of these rules. The students have accumulated knowledge of driving through observation of family and friends, and it is important that they understand their responsibilities to effectively obey rules of the road, even the commonly ignored ones.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to: Identify the different types of speed limits and how they relate to the basic speed laws Explain what rotaries and roundabouts are and describe how to drive in single lane rotaries, multiple

lane rotaries and roundabouts and how to pass in these situations Define right of way and the right of way rules for all users of the road including vehicles, pedestrians,

motorcyclists and bicyclists Provide examples of how to judge time and distance and how this relates to negotiating intersections and

passing

Measurement Provide diagrams about intersections, roundabouts, rotaries and right of way scenarios and have the

students label them appropriately depending on the road situation. Test student’s memory of the different types of speed limits and related speed laws.

Provide a multiple-choice test about basic operating laws of Massachusetts.

Topic Outline 1. Basic Operating Laws of Massachusetts

Understanding the Law Getting a Driver’s License Violations and the Point System Certificate of Title Vehicle Registration Insurance Inspection Sticker


2. Speed Limits

A. Discuss the different types of Speed Limits Fixed Speed Limits Advisory Speed Limits Day and Night Speed Limits

B. What Are Basic Speed Laws 3. Negotiating Intersections

A. Controlled Intersections B. Uncontrolled Intersections

4. Railroad Crossings

Safely Crossing a Railroad Determining When It is Safe to Cross Staying Alert Do Not Panic If the Vehicle Stalls Winter-Time Railroad Crossings Road Salt and Railroad Crossings

5. Rotaries and Roundabouts Describe the use of rotaries Single-Lane Rotaries Multiple Lane Rotaries Quarter-Turn Continue Straight Ahead Three-Quarter Turn U-Turn Roundabouts Rules for Passing, including Passing on the Left, Passing on the Right, and Being Passed.

6. Determining the Right of Way

A. What is Right-of-Way? B. When Should You Yield the Right-of-Way? C. Discuss the Right-of-Way Rules for: Pedestrians Funeral Processions (supplement this section based on new material in Chapter

Four of the Driver’s Manual) Intersections Not Controlled by Signs or Signals Four-Way Stops Turning Left Private Roads, Driveways and Unpaved Roads Throughways

Intersection of Single, Two-Lane and Multiple-Lane Roads, and Rotaries

7. Safe Driver Law A. Mobile Phones B. Texting C. Three Surchargeable Events in Two Years Suspension

8. Emergency Vehicles “Move Over” Law


Module 6 – Making Safe Driving Decisions Revised 10/2014 Making Safe Driving Decisions

Purpose This module teaches new drivers important strategies and practices they must know and use each time they drive so that they are a safe driver at all times. This section also educates new drivers about how to identify aggressive drivers and their behaviors so that they can start to be aware of what to do when confronted with an aggressive driver.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to: Define the SIPDE concept and explain how it relates to driving

Define the Smith system and explain how it relates to driving

Identify five safe driving habits

Explain the purpose of seatbelts and discuss the consequence of not wearing a seatbelt

List five behaviors of aggressive drivers and what you should do as a driver if confronted by this type of

driver

Measurement Have students demonstrate through skits how to apply the SIDPE and SMITH systems.

Have students record in their observation journals five examples each of safe and unsafe driving

practices they have observed with friends or family. Students should share these observations with the class.

Topic Outline

1. Understanding and Applying the SIPDE/IPDE Process


Discuss the SIPDE concept and how does it relates to driving? SEARCH

IDENTIFY PREDICT DECIDE EXECUTE Discuss the application of the SIPDE Process.

2. Understanding and Applying the Smith System

What is the Smith System, and how does it relate to driving? Aim High and Look Ahead, Not Down Keep Your Eyes Moving Get the Big Picture Make Sure Others See You Leave Yourself a Way Out or a Margin of Safety

3. Safe Driving Habits (Practices) 4. Seatbelts

5. Passenger Vehicle Safety 6. Aggressive Driving

A. Aggressive Driving in Massachusetts B. How to Identify Aggressive Drivers

Aggressive Drivers typically exhibit several of the following tendencies: Cutting people off Exceed the speed limit Switch lanes without signaling Tailgate (follow too closely) Run red lights Prevent other motorists from passing them C. What to do When Confronted by an Aggressive Driver Attempt to get out of his or her way Do not challenge them Avoid eye contact Ignore obscene gestures

Wear your safety belt, it will help keep you in control of your vehicle and protect you in the event of a crash

Control your anger and do not let the situation escalate Do not underestimate the other driver’s potential for aggression

To report an aggressive driver to police, call 911

7. Road Rage Criminal Consequences


Module 7 – Sharing the Road Revised 10/2014 Sharing the Road

Purpose This module educates students about sharing the road with users other than vehicles such as pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorcyclists. The intention is to provide information about safe ways to share the road and drive with other roadway users as well as unexpected changes.

Objectives Identify the other users of the road and explain how to interact safely

Explain the unique situations encountered with commercial vehicles and how to drive through them

safely Recognize the different school bus and 7D vehicle signals and explain how a driver must react to those

signals

Measurement Have students take a pre-test and post-test regarding important aspects of sharing the road and the

responsibilities of pedestrians, motorcyclists, bicyclists and drivers.

Quiz students on the appropriate driver responses to school buses, 7D vehicles, and emergency vehicles.

Topic Outline 1. Pedestrians

A. Pedestrians Pose Problems for Drivers Jaywalking Children Adults B. Avoiding Collisions With Pedestrians C. Responsibilities Pedestrians Have D. White canes and guide dogs should be associated with visually impaired individuals. Drivers should use increased caution when driving in the proximity to a potentially visually impaired individual.

2. Motorcyclists 3. Bicyclists, Mopeds & Scooters


A. Recognizing and Reducing the Risk of Problems Caused by Cyclists Watching Out for Cyclists Dangerous Roadway Conditions Lack of Protection Failure to Obey Traffic Laws Irresponsible Drivers What Special Responsibilities do Bicyclists Have? New Bicycle Safety Law B. What Special Responsibilities Do Motorcyclists Have?

4. Interacting with Commercial Motor Vehicles

A. Safely Sharing the Road with Other Vehicles Trucks and Tractor-Trailers Visibility Time Space Buses Small Cars Other Kinds of Vehicles Emergency Vehicles Snowmobiles (Not allowed to travel along road in Massachusetts) Sport Utility Vehicles Ice Cream Trucks Maintenance Vehicles B. Dealing With Slow-Moving Vehicles

5. School buses and 7D (School Pupil Transport) vehicles 6. Emergency Vehicles and EMS

7. Animals

A. Avoid Collisions With Animals Small Animals/Large Animals

Using SIPDE to Avoid Collisions with Animals B. Horse drawn carriages and vehicles


Module 8 – How Natural Laws Effect Driving

Revised 10/2014 How Natural Laws Effect Driving

Purpose This module teaches students that in addition to employing safe driving habits it is also important to understand how natural law effects driving and how to counteract the result of natural laws. This module begins the development of advanced driving skills needed to navigate certain driving situations.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to: Define natural laws and explain their impact on driving and a driver

List the types of skids and the suggested solutions for controlling or regaining control of the vehicle

Identify the stopping distance needed in various driving situations

Explain how speed control and knowledge of natural laws can help avoid a collision

Provide examples of the impact of collisions

Measurement Have students complete a post-test that contains driving scenarios learned in this module and have them

provide the answer based on applying what they learned in this module. It should include: • Scenarios about stopping distance • Scenarios about steering in different skid situations and how to regain control • List examples of natural law

Topic Outline 1. Natural Laws and the Movement of Vehicles

What Are Natural Laws? Inertia Friction Tire Pressure Tire Condition Rain Ice and snow Road Condition


Momentum Kinetic Energy Acceleration Braking Gravity

Center of Gravity

2. Steering and Braking A. Factors and Natural Laws Affecting Steering B. Natural Laws Affecting Steering Around a Curve C. How Gravity and the Contour of the Road Affect Steering Banked Roads Crowned Roads

D. How Natural Laws Influence Braking Distance Factors Affecting Braking Distance Speed Condition of the vehicle Condition of the road

Hills and mountains

3. Controlling Skids A. What Can Make A Vehicle Skid? Reduced Traction Changing Speed Too Quickly Changing Direction Too Quickly Understeering and Oversteering B. Kinds of Skids Review Causes and Corrections for Specific Skid Types A braking skid A power skid A cornering skid A blowout skid Responding to a skid

4. Impact and Restraint Systems 5. ABS and How they differ from other braking systems

6. Gravity and Energy of Motion

7. Friction and Traction 8. Stopping Distances

A. Using Speed Control to Avoid a Collision Accelerating Braking B. How Knowledge of Natural Laws Can Help to Avoid a Collision Steering to Avoid a Collision Controlled Off-Road Recovery C. How to Minimize the Risk and Consequences of a Collision


Force of Impact Speed of the vehicle Weight of the vehicle Impact distance Reducing the Force of Impact Sand Canisters Vehicle Features D. Unavoidable Collisions Head-on Side


Module 9 – Different Driving Environments Revised 10/2014 Different Driving Environments

Purpose This module alerts students to different driving environments and is intended to teach them how to navigate various challenges like changing lanes, driving in urban versus rural areas, driving on hills, mountains and highways, and exiting and entering.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to: Describe how to manage visibility, time and space in urban, rural, and highway driving

List the steps to follow when changing lanes

Explain how to behave when being passed and what to do when passing and being passed.

Identify the special situations drivers face when driving on a highway and how to enter and exit a

highway

Measurement Have students take a pre-test and post-test about the various skills they must gain for different driving

situations.

Topic Outline Different driving environments require different considerations.

1. Managing Visibility, Time & Space

Managing Visibility Advance Preparations Behind-the-Wheel Actions Managing Time Managing Space Considering Time, Distance and Speed Assessing and Adjusting the Space Around the Vehicle Adjusting the following distance as needed Keeping a three-second distance between vehicles.

Whenever possible, try to keep as much as 8 feet on either side of you.


If there is insufficient space ahead, behind, or to the side of your vehicle, take prompt action to increase the space.

Response Time When Distracted Cell Text 2. Changing Lanes 3. Urban Driving

Special Factors Affecting City Driving Traffic Density Numbers of Pedestrians Intersections Slow or Irregular Traffic Flow Lower Speed Limits Sight Obstructions Potholes and Other Road Defects Managing Visibility, Time and Space in City Driving? Discuss Managing Visibility in the City Discuss Managing Time in the City Discuss Managing Space in the City

4. Following and Meeting Traffic 5. Techniques for Driving in Traffic 6. Rural Driving

Special Factors Affecting Driving on Rural Roads Road Conditions Higher Speed, Fewer Controls Slow-Moving Vehicles Sight Obstructions Animals and Objects on the Roads Managing Visibility, Time and Space in Rural Driving Discuss Managing Visibility in Rural Areas Discuss Managing Time in Rural Areas

Discuss Managing Space in Rural Areas

7. Passing or Being Passed on Rural Roads 8. Traveling on Hills or Mountains

Driving Uphill and Downhill Driving Uphill Automatic transmission Manual transmission Driving Downhill Automatic transmission Manual transmission Driving in the Mountains


Special Roadway and Traffic Problems Effects of Weather and Altitude Driving Up a Mountain Driving Down a Mountain

9. Highway Driving

Special Factors Affecting Driving on Multiple-Lane Highways Higher Speed Limits Limited Entrances and Exits Frequent Passing Trucks and Other Large Vehicles Managing Visibility, Time and Space on Multiple-Lane Highways Discuss Managing Visibility on Highways Discuss Managing Time on Highways

Discuss Managing Space on Highways

10. Entering, Driving on or Exiting Highways 11. Passing or Being Passed on the highway

12. Dealing with Stop and Go Traffic

13. Driving Through Tunnels (from “Driving Emergencies” section of Chapter Five of the Driver’s Manual)


Module 10 – Driving in All Weather Conditions

Revised 10/2014 Driving in All Weather Conditions

Purpose This module will teach students about the effects of weather conditions on driving and how to compensate for less than desirable conditions. It also suggests the best driving practices to account for these sometimes very difficult situations.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to: Identify five conditions that affect driving

Describe how to drive safely when light is low and when there is glare from the sun

List the steps you should follow to manage visibility, time, and space in rain and snow

Explain how to anticipate and prevent skids and hydroplaning

Measurement Have students complete a pre test and posttest about all weather conditions.

Have students list safe driving strategies for driving in sun glare, wind, fog, rain and snow.

Topic Outline Different driving environments require different considerations.

1. Reduced Visibility 2. Low Light and Night Driving

Low Light Conditions Affect Visibility Driving Safely When the Amount of Light is Low During Dusk and Dawn Hours At Night Using low beams and high beams correctly. Overdriving headlights. Looking beyond headlights


3. Visibility, Bright Light and Glare Conditions Creating Glare from the Sun Driving Safely in the Glare from the Sun

4. Reduced Traction 5. Judging Time and Distance

a. Minimizing Risk on Different Surface Conditions

Snow Ice Rain Gravel Sand Leaves – In addition, discuss dangers of driving into a leaf pile as it may make children or objects less visible.

b. Managing Visibility, Time and Space Preparing in advance. Allowing for extra margin of safety. Driving in the tracks of the vehicle ahead on a wet pavement. Giving other drivers plenty of advance notice. Staying alert. Keeping low-beam headlights on Easing the way into turns and curves Anticipating and Preventing Skids. Anticipating and Preventing Hydroplaning

c. Keeping a Safe Following Distance Using the 2-second rule (See Driver’s Manual)

6. Other Hazardous Weather Conditions

Minimizing Risks in Other Hazardous Weather Conditions Fog or Smog Sand and Dust Wind


Module 11 – Mental and Physical Effects on Driving

Revised 10/2014 Mental and Physical Effects on Driving

Purpose This module alerts new drivers that their personal mental and physical condition impacts their driving skills. The intent is to describe how changes in emotions and physical conditions can affect driving skills and may cause them to drive unsafely.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to: List the ways emotions affect your driving

Explain the relationship between vision and ability to drive

Describe how fatigue, long term and short term illnesses affect your driving skills

Identify four driving distractions and how they affect your driving ability

Measurement Provide 10 scenarios related to Mental and Physical conditions effecting driving and have students

create the solution to address the problem. The problem could be making a decision to drive or not and what to do if it were to occur while he/she was driving.

Topic Outline 1. Emotions and the Ability to Drive

How Emotions Affect Your Driving Inattention Lack of Concentration

Emotional Stress Ability to Process Information Aggressive Driving How to Control Your Emotions Maintaining a Responsible Attitude Avoid Triggering Aggressive Driving Identify Troublesome Situations Plan Ahead Expect Mistakes from Others


Don’t Drive When Upset or Depressed Don’t Give in to Negative Peer Pressure Train Yourself to Always Use the Right Procedure

2. How Vision Effects the Ability to Drive

Good Vision is Critical to Driving Ability Field of Vision How to Compensate for Vision Problems Poor Depth Perception Contrast Sensitivity Color Blindness Night Blindness

3. Physical Condition and the Ability to Drive

How Short-Term Illnesses or Injuries Affect Driving How Long-Term Physical Factors Affect Driving

Hearing Loss Can Affect Driving Ability Challenges Caused by Physical Factors Aging and Chronic Illnesses Affect Driving Ability

4. Fatigue

How Fatigue Affects Driving Ability How Drowsiness Causes Accidents

5. Distractions

In-Car Distractions and the Effects on Driving Out of Car Distractions (e.g. animals) How Distractions Hinder Driving Ability Vehicle Audio Systems Headphones [Note: The use of headphones while operating a motor vehicle in Massachusetts is

illegal unless such headphones are used for controlling the course of movement of the said vehicle. See M.G.L. Chapter 90, Section 13.]

Cellular Phones Include impact of new cell phone and texting laws Passengers Televisions

[Note: A television forward of the back of the front seat is illegal in Massachusetts.]

Other Distractions


Module 12 – The Dangers of Alcohol, Drugs & Driving: PART I

Revised 10/2014 The Dangers of Alcohol, Drugs & Driving: PART I

Purpose This module is intended to teach students about the physical and mental affects alcohol and drugs have on driving skills. It is intended to educate them about the science of reduced coordination, reaction time, vision, and decision-making due to substances in the body. This should be used as an opportunity to educate new drivers about the proven scientific research regarding the affects of alcohol, medicines and other drugs on driving skills.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to: Describe the physical effects of alcohol and drugs

Explain the impact of alcohol and drugs on driving skills

Identify the myths and facts of alcohol and drugs

List the individual’s responsibilities regarding drinking

Measurement Have students complete an effects of alcohol and drugs pre-test and then a post-test.

Have students read about recent alcohol related accidents and have them identify which elements of safe

driving may have failed and thus caused the accident.

Topic Outline

Alcohol and the Effects on Driving

The Effects of Alcohol

The Individual’s Responsibilities Regarding Drinking

Signs of an Impaired Driver

Affect on Driving Ability


Facts about Alcohol and Driving

Myths and Facts about Alcohol

The Physical Effects of Alcohol

Reaction Times

Coordination

Depth and Distance Perception

Speed Perception

Vision

Mental Effects of Alcohol


Module 13 – The Dangers of Alcohol, Drugs & Driving: PART II

Revised 10/2014 The Dangers of Alcohol, Drugs & Driving: PART II

Purpose The purpose of this module is to educate new drivers about the laws related to alcohol and drug use while operating a motor vehicle and the devastating effects these penalties can have on their life. The loss of license for a period of time is probably the most socially problematic issues for them but in actuality it will also be a substantial financial burden.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to: State the Massachusetts laws related to blood alcohol level, implied consent, and ignition interlock

device Explain the drunk driving penalties in Massachusetts and the consequences to driving privileges

Describe what will happen when a driver is stopped for alleged driving under the influence

Identify the types of drugs that affect driving ability and how they affect driving ability

Measurement Have students complete a pre-test and post-test related to laws governing alcohol and drug use and the

effects drugs have on driving abilities.

Topic Outline

1. Laws Governing Alcohol and Drug Use Melanie’s Law

i. Increased Drunk Driving Penalties ii. Ignition Interlock Devices

Implied Consent Law Tests for Intoxication Penalties and Consequences

2. BATS (Breath Alcohol Test) 3. Chemical Test Refusal (CTR) and its consequences


4. Drugs and the Effects on Driving

The Types of Drugs that Affect Driving Ability The Dangers of Combining Drugs (SYNERGISM) Over-the-Counter Drugs Prescription Drugs Depressants Stimulants Hallucinogens Marijuana LSD and PCP Narcotics

5. How Drug Convictions Effect Your License 6. Clarification that Operating a Motor Vehicle While Under the Influence of Marijuana is Still Illegal

(from the “Illegal Drugs, Medicine, and Other Controlled Substances” section of Chapter Two of the Driver’s Manual)


Module 14 – Consequences of Unsafe Driving and Poor Decision Making

Revised 10/2014 Consequences of Unsafe Driving and Poor Decision Making

Purpose This module is intended to teach new drivers that decision-making plays a key role in being a good driver in addition to fostering good driving skills. It is important to realize that poor decisions could severely impact the driver’s life; the passengers’ lives and the lives of families and friends if an accident were to occur. These decisions may also cause an emotional and a financial toll that may have a long lasting impact.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to: Identify examples of bad decisions effecting driving caused by social pressures

Explain what happens in a crash and the physical and emotional impact

Describe how driving records, suspensions, and lifetime look back influence your operator’s insurance

cost Provide examples of which type of drivers are most at risk for crashes

Measurement Have students complete another personality type indicator that also asks them to reflect on decision-

making and its impact on driving.

Topic Outline 1. Social Pressures & Driving

Speeding Drag Racing

No Seat Belts 2. Types of Crashes 3. Hit and Run Crashes (from “Traffic Crashes” section of Chapter Five of the Driver’s

Manual) 4. Collisions 5. Physical & Emotional Effects to Yourself & Others 6. Brain Injury 7. Crash Statistics 8. Lifetime Look back 9. Driving Record & Suspensions

Suspensions for Surchargeable Events and Speeding Violations 10. Types of Insurance coverage offered 11. Discuss how insurance is effected by a crash


Module 15 – Handling Emergencies and Breakdowns, Final Review

Revised 10/2014 Handling Emergencies and Breakdowns, Final Review

Purpose This module is intended to teach new drivers about common vehicle malfunctions and roadway hazards. It is also intended to demonstrate how a safe driver, using good decision making skills, handles each situation along with the steps they should follow if ever in a vehicle accident.

Objectives Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to: Identify common vehicle malfunctions and the proper way to address them

List possible roadway hazards and how to use good decision making and driving skills to navigate the

situation Explain the steps to follow if involved in a vehicle accident

Complete an accident report

Part I: Handling Emergencies and Breakdowns

1. Vehicle Malfunctions 2. Roadway Hazards 3. What you should do if you are in a crash:

Pull to the Side of the Road, if possible Stop Immediately

Warn Others If Possible Call for Medical Help if necessary Call the Police Exchange Information Get Names and Addresses of Witnesses Stay at the Scene

Make Accident Reports (If Required) See a Doctor (If You Have Been Injured)


4. What you should do when stopped by a Police Officer: Pull safely to the side of the road Have your license and registration available

5. Organ and Tissue Donor Awareness

How to become an organ donor (under 18 years of age requires parental consent) New Organ and Tissue Donor Registration Fund

Part II: Final Examination/Final Review Purpose Final Exam: To test the students knowledge of the material taught throughout the Driver Education Program. Final Review: The final review is an opportunity to conduct a comprehensive review of what students have learned in the classroom. The activities used in the final review should provide the instructor with important information regarding which students have mastered the knowledge and skills and which students need more educational support.

Method The final review should include a variety of different activities that address the different learning styles present in the classroom.


Driver’s Education Supplemental Materials Revised 10/2014 Appendix A

Introduction The Registry of Motor Vehicles (RMV) has compiled the following list of educational materials that may be used to supplement the required modules. The RMV recommends the use of additional learning tools in addition to instructor-led lecture in order to enhance the learning process and keep the student driver’s attention.

Recommended materials The Commonwealth of Massachusetts Driver’s Manual A driver’s education textbook Videos applicable to the topics in each module Videos should be followed by a discussion of the subject matter and a question and answer period. Guest speakers Diagrams Daily newspaper clippings RMV website

It is also suggested that driver education instructors test the students' knowledge through the use of measurement tools such as quizzes, handouts, and tests. For example, a recommended tool would be the use of a pre-test and a post-test. The students would receive a pre-test with questions pertaining to the module topic. This would test the student’s knowledge of the subject matter. After the module is taught or at a subsequent class the students would receive a post-test to measure their comprehension of the subject.

Module 1 – Introduction to Driver’s Education Handouts: The Commonwealth of Massachusetts Driver’s Manual The Driver’s Manual should be used throughout the driver’s education program as it contains information that is included in each of the required modules. A student and/or parent letter from the Registrar Videos: The Greatest Gift:

from the Lazarus Organ Donor Awareness Program 8 min.

A video with the topic of good decision-making.

Module 2 – Signs, Signals & Road Markings Diagram: Displaying signs, signals and road markings


Activity: A sign memory activity.

Module 3 – Understanding the Vehicle and Its Controls Video: A video displaying vehicle controls and locations. Activity: Student brings in a car owner’s manual. Instructor walks student through manual in general terms

discussing the importance of certain instruments and controls.

Module 4 – Basic Driving Skills Video: AAA: Drivers Zed

A video explaining the use of mirrors, changing lanes, and/or passing or being passed.

Handout: Use of mirrors pamphlet (Liberty Mutual Insurance has slides on how to adjust mirrors)

Module 5 – Rules of the Road Video: MBTA/Operation Lifesaver: Why wait for the train? 24:10 min

Video explaining driving in rotaries and roundabouts.

(New York, Washington State, and Missouri DOT have information about roundabouts on their websites.)

Module 6 – Making Safe Driving Decisions Video: Anatomy of a Tragedy, “Safety Belts Matter” 25 min AAA: Preventing Road Rage: Anger management for drivers 20:18 min

DDD: Aggressive Driving Video Irish crash video clip Taxi crash video clip

Guest Speaker: Address the importance of safe decision-making For example, this speaker may have made poor decisions that resulted in a negative outcome.

Module 7 – Sharing the Road Video: Cars, Motorcycles and A Common Road: A motorist awareness program 8.5 min Children in Traffic


Module 8 – How Natural Laws Affect Driving Video: AAA: Unlocking the mystery of ABS

Module 9 – Different Driving Environments Video: AAA: Managing Visibility, Time and Space Video explaining Right-of-Way rules

Module 10 – Driving in all Weather Conditions Video Show a video which demonstrates hydroplaning, skidding and regaining control of the vehicle. Guest Speaker Representative from law enforcement who can explain and provide examples of how

weather conditions affect driving.

Module 11 – Mental & Physical Condition Affect Driving Diagram or Chart Provide students with scientific statistical information, which depicts how physical

and mental condition, affect the abilities of a driver

Module 12 – The Dangers of Alcohol, Drugs and Driving: PART I Newspaper clippings Provide students with newspaper articles which describe accidents caused by drivers

using alcohol or drugs.

Module 13 – The Dangers of Alcohol, Drugs and Driving: PART I I Video: GHSB: Teen Driving and Drinking Forum Green River Road Party 16 min Guest Speaker: Representative from MADD, SADD, law enforcement official, a teen convict

Module 14 – Consequences of Unsafe Diving & Poor Decision Making Guest Speaker: Brain Injury Association: KEYS Program

Module 15 – PART I: Handling Emergencies & Breakdowns PART II: Final Review .


Activity Create an activity to review the driver’s education curriculum they were taught. The activity should allow students to interact and participate actively in the review. A trivia game concept could provide the basic concept for this activity.


Driver Practicum Curriculum Revised 10/2014 Appendix B

Introduction This section of the driver’s education curriculum is intended to list the skills and knowledge which must be taught during road driving lessons. Each student must learn and practice the skills listed in this section. .

Skills A. How to Complete a Pre-Driving Vehicle Check

Check vehicle for properly working safety equipment (brake lights, directional lights, headlights, windshield wipers, etc)

Check all tires for tread wear, pressure and irregular wear patters or external damage.

Check all warning lamps and gauges (fluid levels, brake & check engine lights etc.)

Verify amount of fuel

B. Beginning to Drive

Adjust vehicle seats and mirrors

Use good driving posture and proper hand placement on the wheel

Start the engine

Use mirrors while driving

Start and stop the vehicle safely

Recognize and obey traffic signs and signals

Proper use of directionals

Back up the vehicle at least 50 feet (straight)

Turn around between curbs

C. On the Road Skills

Demonstrate how to respond to different types of road signs

How to safely navigate the vehicle and share the road with pedestrians and bicyclists

Demonstrate proper and safe following distances

Enter and leave various types of intersections

Make left and right turns with the aid of traffic lights

Make left and right turns without the aid of traffic lights (four way stop and other types of intersections)


Changing lanes to make a turn, pass a vehicle or avoid road work

How to safely pass a vehicle

Merging with traffic

Parallel park

Stop versus yield

Start, stop, and turn the vehicle on a hill

Use hand signals

Apply common sense and good decision making when driving

D. Reacting to Unexpected Situations

How to react to all types of emergency vehicles

The Emergency Vehicle “Move Over” Law

Safely pull off the road for an emergency

How to navigate debris or animals in the road

Safely demonstrate braking techniques used for vehicles equipped with Anti-Lock Brake Systems (ABS) and non-ABS brakes (threshold braking)

Required Experiences Students must be exposed to the following experiences as part of their road training.

Highway Driving including entering and existing highway, changing lanes, and passing a vehicle

Navigating an intersection without traffic signals

Practice yielding to traffic and merging with traffic

Pulling off the road safely

Navigating a rotary or roundabout

Stopping for pedestrians

Varying vehicle speeds to accommodate driving setting and road conditions

Parking the vehicle in a parking space on the side of the road and parking lot

Backing the vehicle in and out of a parking space

Driving Observation Requirements Students observing the driving of another student should be required to keep an observation journal which identifies the examples of good and bad driving they observed. They should then indicate in the journal why the driving was good and list examples of skills or behaviors. They should also list the skills and behaviors that caused what they considered bad driving and poor decision making.

Instructors should actively gather feedback from students observing the driving of another student and students should be prepared to discuss the instruction observed citing good and poor decisions made during the course of instruction.


Parent/Guardian Curriculum Revised 10/2014 Appendix C

Introduction A new requirement of driver’s education will be at least a two hour class for parents/guardians. The intention of this class is to educate parents/guardians about the content of the driver education curriculum, the junior operator’s law and the driving skills and behaviors that their children will be learning. It is important for parents/guardians to know the skills and behaviors that they should be modeling while driving so that they can coach and mentor their children to be safe and skilled drivers.

Objectives By the end of the class, parents should be able to:

Explain the junior operator’s law and the parent/guardian’s role in supporting the law

List the driving skills their child must master to pass a road test

Identify the driver’s education modules and the relevance to developing good driving skills

Provide examples of family member driving behaviors which may negatively influence a new driver

Topic Outline I. Driver’s Education Overview

Purpose and class structure

Expectations

Curriculum modules

II. Junior Operator’s Law

III. The Safe Driver Law

IV. Necessary Driving Skills and Behaviors

V. Parent’s Role

Coaching and mentoring

Supporting junior operator law

Role model

Documents

Driver Education Program - Mass.gov · A driver education program must also consist of 12 hours onroad instruction conducted by a certified driver - ... importance of understanding