Draft Urban Transport Master Plan · Draft Urban Transport Master Plan for Colombo Metropolitan Region and Suburbs ... Process of Urban Transport Master Plan Analysis of CoMTrans

Ministry of TransportUrban Transport System Development Project for Colombo Metropolitan Region and Suburbs

Japan International Cooperation Agency

Draft Urban Transport Master Planfor Colombo Metropolitan Region and Suburbs

Draft Version

December, 2013

November 2013



4. Formulation of Transport Master Plan

Scope of Urban Transport Master PlanLand Use & Urban Structure

1. Formulation of Suitable Urban Structure Plan

1

5-A. Transport Infrastructure & Services Development

5-B. Organizational / Institutional Development

2. Integrating Transport to Urban Development3. Revised Urban Development Plan (not within scope of CoMTrans)

Public Transport Private TransportUrban Railways, New Transit System

Bus line & Facilities

Taxi, Para-Transit,Intermodal Facilities & Services

Policy, Planning, Investment, Ownership, Operation & Maintenance (O&M), Regulation

Road, Traffic ManagementRoad network, space, Signals, Traffic Control, Regulation, Parking, TDM, Safety

November 2013



Process of Urban Transport Master Plan

CoMTrans Master PlanAnalysis ofCurrent Status & Review

HVS

CLS.SLS

TGS

LUSTSS

Relevant Information Collection

Transport Models Master Plan Dev.

Identification of Projects(short, Intermediate,Long-term Dev,)

SEA for MP

Today

ITR

Sustainable Urban Structure Plan

Pre-F/S and F/S for identified projects

Project-1

Project-2

Project-3

Project-4

Project- x

Implementation Program

by JICA Study

2

November 2013



Population Growth Patterns Annual Growth Rate

2001-2012

Colombo andCoastal AreaDecreasing

Colombo SuburbsIncreasing

Negombo

Avissawella

Inner-CoastalareaSource: DCS

Calculated by CoMTrans

3

Population is increasing in the areas to the east of CMC, while the growth rate is less in the CMC area

This can be explained by the changes in land use – in CMC inner city area commercial activity is increasing and in the suburbs to the east, residential activity is increasing

Supporting Data

Transport Demand[Land Use]

November 2013



Urban Development Plans/Projects

ColomboConcentration of ManyMixed Development Project

BattaramullaRelocation of Government Offices

Source: UDA

4

Supporting Data

Transport Demand

Approximately 100 projects are proposed / on-going in Western Province, by Public Sector (UDA, etc.) and Private Sector.

November 2013



Migration from Public to Private Transport

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

1985 1995 2004 2013*Private Bus Rail

5

Unit: 1,000 Passengers per day, Both Direction

* Total passengers at CMC boundary at all survey location was 2.1 million passengers per day (both direction). For the comparison purpose, survey locations surveyed in ‘85, ‘95 and ‘04 were selected.

Private Modes are significantly increasing.

Average Annual Growth Ratio (AAGR) 1985-2013

Historical data for passenger flow at CMC boundary (1985 – 2013)

Pubic Transport (Bus and Railway) are losing their modal share.

4.2%

1.5%

All modes: 2.2%

Supporting Data

42%

58 %

42%

33%33%

26%

1,061

1,679 1,697

2,066

Traffic Condition

October 2013



Rapid Increase of Private Vehicles

6

*The number of motor vehicles with valid revenue licenses.

The number of vehicles increased a factor of 2.5 in 12 years. Motorcycles and 3 wheelers showed significant surge in the number.

AAGR = 8.0%AAGR = 8.0%

Number of Vehicles* in Western Province(in 1,000)

Supporting Data

Traffic Condition

October 2013



Travel Speed (Morning Peak, In-Bound)

Malabe

Ragama

Mahara

Ja-ElaGampaha

Kottawa

Kesbewa

Colombo

Homagama

Biyagama

Kaduwela

Dehiwala

Moratuwa

Kadawatha

Maharagama

Parliament

Piliyandala

Kollupitiya

BattaramullaBambalapitiya

±Average Travel Speed 7 - 8 - In

0 3.5 7 10.5 141.75Kilometers

LegendTravel Speed

Below 10 km/h

10 - 20 km/h

20 - 30 km/h

30 - 40 km/h

40 - 50 km/h

Above 50 km/h

CMA Boundary

Data in Processing

Fort

Pettah

Modara

Borella

Kelaniya

Maradana

Kotahena

Aluthkade

Peliyagoda

Wellawatta

Galle Face

Dematagoda

Narahenpita

Kollupitiya

Kuppiawatta

Maligawatta

Slave Island

Mattakkuliya

Bambalapitiya Thimbirigasyaya

Cinnamon Garden

±Average Travel Speed 7 - 8 am- In

0 0.75 1.5 2.25 30.375Kilometers

LegendTravel Speed

Data in Processing

Below 10 km/h

10 - 20 km/h

20 - 30 km/h

30 - 40 km/h

40 - 50 km/h

Above 50 km/h

CMC Boundary

7

7-8AM, Average Travel Speed Supporting Data

Traffic Condition

Source: Travel Speed Surveyby GPS tracking data (2012.12 – 2013.07)CoMTrans

November 2013



Current Passenger Traffic Level

8

0 10 20 30 40

NegomboKandy

Low LevelMalabe

High LevelHorana

Galle

No. of Passengers by Mode (One Direction, 1,000 per Day)

Car/Van/Pickup Motorcycle 3 WheelerBus Rail

Highest level of Passengerin Kandy corridor

Highest level of Passengerin Kandy corridor

1 million people entering the CMC from outside crossing the boundary.

7-8AMIn-Bound

Supporting Data

Trip Characteristics

November 2013



Current Vehicle Traffic Level

9

0 2 4 6 8

Negombo

Kandy

Low Level

Malabe

High Level

Horana

Galle

No. of Vehicles by Mode (One Direction, 1,000 per Day)

Car/Van/Pickup Motorcycle 3 Wheeler Bus Truck

Highest level of Vehiclein Malabe corridor

Highest level of Vehiclein Malabe corridor

7-8AMIn-Bound

Supporting Data

Trip Characteristics

November 2013



Home Visit Survey: Person Trips

31,000 households samples within Western Province

Data verification and adjustment by Population census Vehicle registration Screen Line Survey and Trip Generation

Survey

10

4. Checking by Supervisor4. Checking by Supervisor

5. Editing5. Editing

6. Data Input6. Data Input

1. Home Visit1. Home Visit

2. Explanation2. Explanation

3. Filled by respondents3. Filled by respondents

First Experience in Sri Lanka

to find out “Person trip information” in Western Provinces- Trip Origin – Destination (GN and

major facility level)- Trip Purpose- Trip Modes- Trip Times (Departure and Arrival) - Costs …

November 2013


Japan International Cooperation Agency 11

Origi

n

(25%)(1%)

(8%)(1%)

MCY / BCY Railway Walk

(74%)(1%)

2 buses = 17%

Dest.

Origi

n MCY Railway WalkBus

Dest.

Origi

n Walk Railway WalkBus

Dest.Bus

Origi

n Walk Railway Walk / 3W

Dest.

Origi

n Walk Railway Walk

Dest.Bus

Origi

n Walk Bus Walk / 3W

Dest.

...

Origi

n Walk Multiple Buses

Dest.Walk

3 buses = 2%

Mode Transfer for Public Transport User

33%

26%

15%

9%

3%

19 % of bus user transfer to another buses. 48% of railway user take bus access to railway station, 18% of

railway user transfer bus from railway station to destination.

75%

19%

Transfer Patterns of Bus User (Avr. transfers/trip = 0.31)

Transfer Patterns of Railway User (Avr. transfers/trip = 1.06)

Note: Remaining 6% constitute other minor patterns

Note: Remaining 14% constitute other minor patterns

Supporting Data

Western province, All trip purpose, Source: Home Visit Survey (2012-2013), CoMTrans

November 2013



4

14

51

12

16

17

6

15

15

12

8

13

64

57

34

58

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Current Modal Share

12

Western Province, 2013

OtherCounties

Car

3 Wheeler

Public Transport(Bus+Rail)

Low Income Group: < 40,000 Rs./month

Medium Income Group: < 80,000 Rs./month

High Income Group: >= 80,000 Rs./month

Total

Supporting Data

Source: Home Visit Survey(2012-2013), CoMTrans

Source: Compilation by STREAM Study (2006)

November 2013



Current Issues for Urban Transport Modes

13

Road Design and Network,

Traffic Management/ Control

Railway

Bus and Other Road-based Public Transport

X: Less frequencies in KV-lineX: Bottleneck section

between Fort-MaradanaX: Private operators is limited

due to Railway Ordinance

Overall Needs of modernization for increase and high level of public transport services

(quality, reliability, safety, connectivity/transfer, user-friendly) Lack of urban transport policies and strategies No linkage between urban transport and urban land use planning

Service Efficiency User Friendly SafetyX: Low user satisfaction of coach &

stationX: Delay of train scheduleX: Less connectivity with other modes

X: Old tracks and signaling system for safety operation

X: Over crowded in peak hourX: Less reliable schedule & travel timeX: Deteriorated in quality of services

(quality of vehicles, conductor, value added services, comfort including different terminals, less coordination with other route/modes)

X: Low safety awareness of drivers and bus fleet owners, as well as limited low enforcement and safety awareness education of the regulators

X: Less network capacity X: Less accessibility to public

transport stations

X: high pedestrian accidents

X: Lack of priority for road safety

X: Less reliable travel timeX: Less alternative routeX: Less interest to promote bus

transport facilities

X: Bottleneck at intersection due to non-signal control and standalone control

X: Limited access to traffic information (congestion points, parking area, restrictions)

X: Inadequate

High frequency services in Main, Coast lineAffordable fare level

High frequency services and various service routes,Affordable fare level

X: Deficiency in managerial capacities and unsatisfactory operation efficiency of SLTB

X: Insufficient qualified human resources in planning, regulation, operation and low enforcement

November 2013



Which Future will you take for Colombo ?

14

Source: Transforming Cities with Transit, World Bank

City of Curitiba City of Brasilia

Persons/km2 3,470 420

Transit trips/ capita/year 355 97

Vehicle-km/year 7,900 16,700

Public TransportIntensive Development

Image (Curitiba)

Road Intensive Development

Image(Asian Country)

November 2013



Implementation / Financial Strategies Economically Efficient Investment Financial Viability in the Long Run, Revenue

from Tolls, ERP and Value-capture System Combination of public investment & PPP

Scheme Institutional Frameworks

“Vision” and “Strategies”

15

Overall Planning Strategies Integrate Urban Development with Urban

Transport System, TOD Introduce New Public Transport System Introduce User-friendly Transit Facilities

for existing Public Transport Increase Road Capacity and optimise its

use by TDM, ERP

VISION: “Shaping the Future of Urban Transport System by Promoting Public Transport System in Colombo Metropolitan Area”

VISION: “Shaping the Future of Urban Transport System by Promoting Public Transport System in Colombo Metropolitan Area”

With the understanding of the serious problems of under capacity that will follow, urbanisation and motorization under the DO-NOTHING (DO-Minimum) case, the CoMTransStudy proposes the following Urban Transport Development “VISION” and Strategies;

Points to be considered for Transport System Development

Economic Efficiency

Environmental Friendly

Equity in Society Safety

Public Transport Private TransportRailways, Bus

New Transit System

Intermodal FacilitiesRoads, Traffic Management

Transport Modes

November 2013



Transit Oriented Development (TOD)

16

Urban Development Structure will be realized together with “TOD” development and integrated urban transport system.

Exiting Model

Proposed ModelUrban Centres as Transport Nodes with Urban Development (TOD)

November 2013



Urban Development Structure

17

Based on the current OD patterns, land use and urban development plans, the “Urban Development Structure” is defined for integrating transport master plan.

November 2013



Major Indicators in 2035 Western Province

18

GRDP per capita

Population

Total Trips

Modal Share(Public)

GRDP Gross Regional Domestic Product

Trip Generation/Attraction

2002 constant price

2002 constant price

5.8 7.9 mil.

1,341,000 4,702,000 mil. Rs.

230,000 592,000 Rs./year

Income Level2012 2035

High 80,000 or more Rs./month 7.6% 57.3%Medium 40,000 -80,000 Rs./month 24.4% 30.0%Low less than 40,000 Rs./month 67.8% 12.5%

20122012 20352035

10.0 (2013) 17.8 mil. trips

58% (2013) 51%2013 2035

High 80,000 or more Rs./month 34% 42%Medium 40,000 -80,000 Rs./month 57% 69%Low less than 40,000 Rs./month 64% 68%

AAGR: 0.72% (2001-2012), 1.50% (2035)

GRDP Growth Rate: 6.7% (2013) to 4.0% (2035)

Medium Scenario

Socio-Economic FrameworkSocio-Economic Framework

Trips in Western ProvinceTrips in Western Province

November 2013



“Status Quo” in 2035

Almost all the roads especially radial seven transport corridors will be grid-locked with travel speed of less than 10km/h during morning peak hour.

It means that Status Quo scenario will hinder economic growth and activities in Colombo Metropolitan area.

19

Peak hour Average

Travel Speed

Out

er C

ircul

ar H

ighw

ay (O

CH

)

Moratuwa

Kaduwela

Dehiwala

Kollupitiya

Kelaniya

Kottawa

Malabe

Piliyandala

Mahalagama

Battaramulla

Averaged Network Speed 7.4 km/h

Averaged link speed in Western Province

Economic Loss of Traffic Congestion 471 bn. Rs./year

Estimated compared by normal speed in 2035

November 2013



Tran

spor

t D

eman

d F

ore

cast

2035 EvaluationProject

Screening

Project Screening and 2035 EvaluationCurrent Issues

Dat

a C

olle

ctio

n, S

urve

y an

d An

alys

is 7 Corridors

Inappropriate Land Use

Inner-City

Network

Institutional

Land-use

Integration with Urban Development

2035Status Quo

Transit Oriented Development (TOD)

Without TOD

Corridor A Corridor B Corridor C …

Framework (Pop. Trip Generation/Attraction, Distribution…)

Transport ConditionTransport ConditionTransport Condition…

Transport Condition

Transport Condition

Candidate ProjectsBy Transport Modes (Railway, Bus, BRT, New Transit System, Intermodal Facilities, Roads, TDM…) from existing plans of agencies and proposed by CoMTrans (JICA Study Team)

Project A, B, C…Project B, D…Project A, C…

Project D, E, F…

Project F, G

Project T…

By each Corridor

Project

ABC…

Evaluation(Benefit, etc)

C

by Multi-Criteria (Goals, SEA’s points of View, STRADA results, etc.)

Same Evaluation

Same Evaluation

Total System Benefits

20

Southern Expressway

Battalramulla

Malabe

Kaduwela

Kadawatha

Moratuwa

Kelaniya

Ja-Ela

KottawaDehiwala

Maharagama

Piliyandara

Nugegoda

Seven Corridors Malabe Galle Kandy Negombo High Level

Road Horana Low Level

RoadInner-CityNon-Corridor

Horana Corridor

Galle Corridor

High Level Road Corridor

Malabe Corridor

Low Level Road Corridor

Kandy Corridor

NegomboCorridor

November 2013



Development Options [Seven Corridors]

21

Sev

en C

orri

dors

Malabe Monorail - -

Galle - Modernized BRT[w/ Marine drive Extension]

Kandy - Modernized BRT

Negombo - Modernized Bus priority

High Level Road Monorail - -

Horana - - Bus priorityU. Expressway [via Nugegoda]

Low Level Road - - Bus priority

November 2013



Note: This figure shows the concept of development options’ network, detailed alignment will be examined and identified in the pre-feasibility or feasibility study stage.

Public Transport Infrastructure

3. Development Options [Inner City area]

22

Baseline R

oad

Town Hall

MaradanaFort/Pettah

Kollupitiya

Bambalapitiya

Borella

New KelaniBridge

Japan Friendship Bridge

Fort/Pettah MmTH

Multi-modal Transport Hub

N-S Line [Monorail]N-S Line [Monorail]

Kelaniya

Expressway

MalabeCorridor [Monorail]

MalabeCorridor [Monorail]

Baseline [Monorail]Baseline [Monorail]

Port City

Monorail North-South Line Connected with Malabe corridor

monorail

BRT (Baseline) From Kandy Road Baseline extension to Rathmalana

Expressway along Baseline Road

Monorail (Baseline) From High Level road

Road winding for public transport [Northern Colombo Area]

BRT

November 2013



Multi-modal Transport Hub (MmTH)

Fort/Pettah MmTH

NTC Bus Terminal (Private, Interprovincial)(Bastian MV Bus Stand)42Bays, 171Routes, 1,600BusesNTC: National Transport Commission

SLTB Bus Terminal (Public, Intra/Interprovincial)(Central Bus Stand)30Bays, 102Routes, 900BusesSLTB: Sri Lanka Transport Board

Western Province Bus Terminal(Gunasinghapura Bus Stand)10Bays, 16Routes, 600BusesWPRPTA: Western Province Road Passenger Transport Authority Monorail Station

Railway Station Bus terminal Interprovincial

Bus terminalwith access rampfrom port access expressway

BRT Station Parking Taxi Drop-off area

P

Bus terminal

Railway

Interprovincial Bus Terminal

Monorail

BRT

Station plaza with smooth connection to transport modes

Beira Lake

23

November 2013



Policy Options of TDM Fuel tax Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) Peak hour shift Park and ride Mobility management etc.

Non-Corridor Development Options

24

Access roads improvement

Ring Road development

Other road sections

for smooth access to public transport nodes (railway and new transit stations, bus stops, multi-modal terminals)

to support Integrated Urban Development Structure (TOD)

Logistics Policy

to secure traffic capacity for future demands (widening, additional road links)

Traffic Management and Control

Sidewalk Installment

Multi-modal Center (MMC) andPark & Ride Station (P&R)

TDM

November 2013



Total System Benefit of the Master Plan

25

Economic Loss

Average Passenger Speed

Total Investment Cost

Economic Benefit in 2035

2013 Economic Price, Discount rate = 12%

2013 Economic Price

19.4km/h

14bn. Rs. /year

Status Quo

20132013 20352035

Reduction of Vehicle Operation Costs (VOC) 213,000 mil. Rs.Travel Time Costs (TTC) 136,000 mil. Rs.

Major System IndicatorMajor System Indicator

7.4km/h

Master Plan 16.5km/h

Status Quo

Master Plan

47175

1,254,000 mil. Rs.

349,000 mil. Rs.

Net Preset Value

2013 Economic Price

625,000 mil. Rs.

2015-2035 (for 20years)

Assuming all projects will be operated by 2035.

Assuming projects are implemented in accordance with the short, intermediate and long terms, evaluation period: 2015-2044.

November 2013



Entire Public Transport Network

26

Public Transport Network

Detailed locations of proposed transport facilities and network alignments will be examined and identified in the pre-feasibility or feasibility study stage.

Target Year 2035

November 2013



Entire Road Transport Network

27

Road Network Improvement

Target Year 2035

Detailed locations of proposed transport facilities and network alignments will be examined and identified in the pre-feasibility or feasibility study stage.

Documents

Draft Urban Transport Master Plan · Draft Urban Transport Master Plan for Colombo Metropolitan Region and Suburbs ... Process of Urban Transport Master Plan Analysis of CoMTrans