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Dr Joseph Obe Dr Joe Email: [email protected] Twitter:@josephobe Website: www.josephobe.com - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Dr Joseph Obe
Dr Joe
Email: [email protected]
Twitter:@josephobe Website:
www.josephobe.com FB: Joseph Obe
TV Programme Writing & Production
An
Introduction
Course OverviewThe aim of this
course is to prepare you as television writers
and producers. It also prepares you to work in the production offices
and on the sets of major TV shows throughout the
world.
What you will learn
•
•How to write, create, produce genres of TV programmes
• How to become a successful writer, and TV producer
Topic 1:History and development of broadcast news
TV News is traceable to the 1960s with the exodus of print journalists into the TV room. The
growth of TV news was accelerated by the assassination of John Kennedy. The death was
one of the events that shaped TV history
12 events that shaped TV news
history
Event 1: The 1963 Assassination of John F Kennedy
Event 2: The 1968 Walter Cronkite
Shifting of Public Opinion of the Vietnam War
12 events that shaped TV news
history
Event 3: The
1974 Watergate Scandal
Event 4: In1979, the Iran Hostage Crisis
Creates New Type of TV News Programme
12 events that shaped TV news
history
Event 5: The 1986 space shuttle
disaster watched by Children
Event 6: In 1987, Fairness Doctrine
Repeal Creates Modern Talk Radio
12 events that shaped TV news
history
Event 7: The 1991 Persian Gulf War is
Broadcast on Live TV
Event 8: In 1994: O.J. Simpson Drama Rivets the World's Attention.
Ex footballer killing his ex-wife. Just like
Oscar Pistorius
12 events that shaped TV news
history
Event 9: The 1998 Monica Lewinsky
Scandal Puts Sex in the Mainstream
Event 10: The 2000 American Presidential
Election Errors in Judgment
12 events that shaped TV news
history
Event 11: The 2001: Coverage of 9/11
Event 12: 2007: Social Media Takes the Lead in
Breaking News
Class Quiz
10 marks
Briefly discuss six events that shaped TV news
History
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions Assignment Editors
Assignment editors are responsible for assigning stories to reporters. They send teams of reporters,
camera operators and other support staff on location to
film breaking news as necessary.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
Film and Video EditorsFilm and video editors edit soundtracks, film and video. They construct a finished film clip from many different shots, often done on a computer. They may work for local television affiliates, cable and television networks or independent production companies. Film and video editors may edit their footage according to a script given to them by producers or others involved in production. They trim film segments to run in an allotted amount of time. They edit audio and visual effects. They check the finished product for continuity and smoothness. Electronic news-gathering operators (ENGs) gather news on location and edit the raw footage on the spot. They travel frequently, often stay on location for long periods of time, work long hours and may have to travel on short notice.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
ACCOUNT EXECUTIVE - The person who sells
advertising time and works closely with businesses to
help them market themselves to the station's
listeners or viewers.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
ANNOUNCER - Announcers are a radio station's "voice" and are often the people with whom the
public identifies. This person introduces programs and music,
reads commercial copy and public service announcements, and is
involved in the overall public presentation of the station.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
CHIEF ENGINEER - The chief engineer is responsible for the
technology necessary to put the station's broadcast on the air. The
engineer works to maintain broadcasting capabilities and
provide quick solutions to problems that may arise with the
transmitter, tower, satellite receiver and other related
equipment.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
COPY WRITER - This staff member writes commercial
and promotional copy in support of the station's sales, marketing and
promotion efforts.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
MUSIC DIRECTOR - This person manages the station's music library and works with
the program director in selecting new recordings to
be played as they are submitted by record
companies.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
NEWS DIRECTOR - The news director runs the news
department. The news director assigns stories to
reporters on staff, monitors the wire service and is
involved with identifying the important news issues within
the community.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
PRODUCTION DIRECTOR - The production manager
assigns announcers, schedules studios, arranges
recording sessions, produces commercials, and
directs programmes.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
PROMOTION DIRECTOR - This position promotes the station's image, programs and activities. The promotion director works
closely with the program director to create on-air promotions and
also with the sales department in securing new clients and
maintaining current advertisers.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
NEWS DIRECTOR - The news director runs the news
department. The news director assigns stories to
reporters on staff, monitors the wire service and is
involved with identifying the important news issues within
the community.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
PROGRAMME DIRECTOR - Responsible for the entire on-air
product, the PD governs the sound of the stations. With control
over production, talent, work schedules, and program
schedules, the PD's programming objectives support the goals of the general manager and the general
sales manager.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
SPORTS DIRECTOR - This position is similar to the news director position.
Sports directors often handle the play-by-play coverage of
local sporting events. Stations that do a lot of sports sometimes hire a "colour" announcer to
complement the play-by-play talent.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
TRAFFIC DIRECTOR - Collects data from other departments in order to
prepare a minute-by-minute schedule for the broadcast day.
The traffic person is the daily link between the sales
department and programming department, keeping up-to-date
commercial time availability.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
MASTER CONTROL/VIDEOTAPE
ENGINEER - Responsible for operating the videotape recording and playback
equipment for live programmes and during
commercial breaks in network and taped shows.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
NEWS ANCHOR - The most visible members of the news
staff. These are the people that appear as the "up front"
personalities on local newscasts. Ideally, the news
anchor is a complete journalist, familiar with reporting, on-
scene live coverage and skilled at writing, and in some cases,
producing news packages.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
NEWS DIRECTOR - The news director supervises the news department. Must understand budgeting, personnel management and the technical aspects of television. In addition to having a firm understanding of the community service role of broadcast journalism, he or she must also have solid news judgment - the ability to determine which stories are most informative and of the greatest value to the local viewer.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
NEWS REPORTERS
•
The key "front-line" people in the news department. They are on-the-scene at every kind of event. Local news reporters must be excellent writers, capable of working quickly and accurately to sum up the key elements of a news story and make it understandable and relevant to the audience.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
STAGE MANAGER - The director's
representative on the studio floor and at the
site of any live broadcast.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
STATION MANAGER - The chief operating officer of the station. The station
manager must have effective personnel
management skills and a thorough knowledge of all
aspects of broadcast operation.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
STUDIO ENGINEERS - Responsible for operating all of
the equipment necessary for the production of a programme.
This includes the studio cameras, the audio console,
studio lighting, the video switcher, and in some stations, the character generator and the electronic still-storage graphics
display equipment.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
Class ExerciseEach student to write out what role they will play in news production and why they think they have got the flair.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
Portfolio Assignment 2
Each student to watch at least two live TV news broadcast and capture the names and titles of the production crew. N.B: Clash of TV station is discouraged
5 marks
Topic 4: Best Practices in TV news
Chicago TV station admits mistakes in airing misleading interview with 4-year-old
boyA Chicago TV station now says it made two ethical mistakes when it aired an interview with a 4-year-old boy last month.The first mistake was interviewing a child at a crime scene. But things grew even worse when the station edited the boy’s interview in a way that made it seem as though the African American child idolized guns and criminals.In fact, the child told the photographer that he wanted to be a police officer. The station edited out that part of the interview.
The video, which Kiernan says was supplied by a stringer, included this exchange:
4-year-old boy: “I’m not scared of nothing.”Photographer: “When you get older are you going to stay away from all these guns?”Boy: “No.”Photographer: “No? What are you going to do when you get older?”Boy: “I’m going to have me a gun!”
Here’s the complete exchange, with the deleted portion in bold:
Photographer: “Boy, you ain’t scared of nothing! Damn! When you get older are you going to stay away from all these guns?”Boy: “No.”Photographer: “No? What are you going to do when you get older?”Boy: “I’m going to have me a gun!”Photographer: “You are! Why do you want to do that?”Boy: “I’m going to be the police!”Photographer: “OK, then you can have one.”
Guidelines for interviewing juveniles
When interviewing juveniles, journalists should consider:
Journalistic Purpose and Quality of InformationWhat is my journalistic purpose in interviewing this juvenile?In what light will this person be shown? What is their understanding or ability to understand how viewers or listeners might perceive the interview? How mature is this juvenile? How aware is he/she of the ramifications of his/her comments?What motivations does the juvenile have in cooperating with this interview?How do you know what this young person says is true? How much of what this young person says does he/she know first-hand? How able are they to put what they know into context? Do others, adults, know the same information? How can you corroborate the juvenile’s information?How clearly have you identified yourself to the juvenile? Do they know they are talking to a reporter?
Minimize HarmWhat harm can you cause by asking questions or taking pictures of the juvenile even if the journalist never includes the interview or pictures in a story?How would you react if you were the parent of this child? What would your concerns be and how would you want to be included in the decision about whether the child is included in a news story?How can you include a parent or guardian in the decision to interview a juvenile? What effort has the journalist made to secure parental permission for the child to be included in a news story? Is it possible to have the parent/guardian present during the course of the interview? What are the parents’ motivations for allowing the child to be interviewed? Are there legal issues you should consider, such as the legal age of consent in your state?If you conclude that parental consent is not required, at least give the child your business card so the parents can contact you if they have an objection to the interview being used.
Explore Alternatives
What alternatives can you use instead of interviewing a child on camera?What are the potential short-term and long-term and consequences of this person’s comments?What rules or guidelines does my news organization have about interviewing juveniles? Do those guidelines change if the juvenile is a suspect in a crime and not a victim? What protocols should your newsroom consider for live coverage that could involve juveniles?How would you justify your decision to include this juvenile in your story to your newsroom and to viewers or listeners, to the juvenile’s parents?The Golden Rule for Interviewing Children: Do unto other people’s kids as you would have them do unto your kids.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
Topic 3: TV news job descriptions
News Writers and Broadcast News Analysts
News writers write and edit their stories based on reports from correspondents or reporters. Broadcast news analysts select the most pertinent and interesting material to present and edit it for content and time.
TV Programme Writing & Production
An
Introduction
TV Programme Writing & Production
An
Introduction
TV Programme Writing & Production
An
Introduction
TV Programme Writing & Production
An
Introduction