Dr Atta Ur Rahman - Higher Education

8/14/2019 Dr Atta Ur Rahman - Higher Education

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Higher Education----Striving for Excellence !

Prof. Dr. Atta-ur-Rahman, FRS

Nishan-i-Imtiaz, Hilal-i-Imtiaz, Sitara-i-Imtiaz, Tamgha-i-Imtiaz

UNESCO Science Laureate

COORDINATOR GENERAL COMSTECH


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VISIONVISION

Socio-economic development is no longerdependent on natural resources (e.g. Japan,

European countries)

KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGEThe main driving force of world economiesThe main driving force of world economies

The basis of socio-economic developmentThe basis of socio-economic development

INDUSTRIALIZATIONINDUSTRIALIZATIONkey to high GDP growthkey to high GDP growth

INNOVATION DETERMINES PROGRESSINNOVATION DETERMINES PROGRESS


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Pakistan---An ExcitingPakistan---An Exciting

Beginning !!Beginning !!My appointment as Federal Minister ofMy appointment as Federal Minister of

Science & Technology(incl.IT/Telecom)Science & Technology(incl.IT/Telecom)

( March 2000) and Federal Minister-( March 2000) and Federal Minister-

Chairman Higher Education CommissionChairman Higher Education Commission

(2002-2008)(2002-2008)

6000% increase in budget of Science &6000% increase in budget of Science &

TechnologyTechnology

2400% increase in budget of higher2400% increase in budget of higher

education during last 4 yearseducation during last 4 years


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55

Key Challenges in HigherKey Challenges in Higher

EducationEducation

Financing Reforms


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66

HEC Plan of ActionHEC Plan of Action

Faculty DevelopmentFaculty Development

InfrastructureInfrastructure (Free Access to Literature(Free Access to LiteratureFree Access to Sophisticated Instruments,Free Access to Sophisticated Instruments,

Technology Assisted Learning)Technology Assisted Learning)

Focused Support in Key AreasFocused Support in Key Areas Linkages to the EconomyLinkages to the Economy

Quality AssuranceQuality Assurance


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77

Percentage of Education BudgetPercentage of Education Budget

Allocated to Higher EducationAllocated to Higher Education

11stst Five Year PlanFive Year Plan 31%31%

19851985 18.5%18.5%

19951995 13.2%13.2%20022002 10.4%10.4%

20082008 9.0%9.0%

Total Expenditure on Education (2008/2009):Total Expenditure on Education (2008/2009):Rs 280 bln-Rs 280 bln----Expenditure on Higher Edn:---Expenditure on Higher Edn:

Rs 27 blnRs 27 bln(9 %)---(9 %)---International Norms:30% OF MUCH HIGHERInternational Norms:30% OF MUCH HIGHER

GNPsGNPs


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Challenge: How do we attract our

brightest to Education/Research ?

Pakistan has 85 million below age 19(54% of population) !

Both a Challenge and an OpportunityBoth a Challenge and an Opportunity

It is the brightest among them who mustIt is the brightest among them who mustprovide the leadership in all fields---provide the leadership in all fields---

education, S&T, Governmenteducation, S&T, Government

HOW ??


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1)1) Excite young mindsabout the wondersabout the wonders

that science !that science !

2)2) Select and train the Brightest intop

universities abroad

3)3)Attract them back-

-- by creating an-- by creating an

enabling environment :enabling environment :

Salaries

Research Funding Access to Literature/ Instrumentation

Critical Masscreate clusters !


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Attracting the BrightestAttracting the Brightest !!

Change in Salary Structures/BenefitsUnder new Tenure Track system salaries of

Professors raised to over US $ 5,000 permonth(equal to US$ 7,000 per month after tax

concessions)---several times more than FederalMinisters in Government!

Performance based systemPerformance based system

75% Tax waiver for University Teachers

(maximum 5%)


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Reversing the Brain Drain !

UnderUnderForeign Faculty Hiring Program

over 600 eminent scientists andover 600 eminent scientists and

educationists have been attracted back---educationists have been attracted back---

after living most of their lives in the Westafter living most of their lives in the West

Clustering---45 mathematicians, mostly---45 mathematicians, mostly

from Eastern Europe, all clustered in onefrom Eastern Europe, all clustered in one

institution---Govt. College/Univ., Lahoreinstitution---Govt. College/Univ., Lahore


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Training the BrightestTraining the Brightest!!Massive Foreign scholarship programs Nearly 4,000 awarded to date (Mostly for Europe)Nearly 4,000 awarded to date (Mostly for Europe)

Worlds largest Fulbright Scholarship program forWorlds largest Fulbright Scholarship program for

the USthe US

Over Rs 40 Billion being spent onForeign Scholarships (1500 in IT)

Indigenous PhD programsOver 7,000 awarded to dateOver 7,000 awarded to date

Strict quality criteria for PhD Studies introducedStrict quality criteria for PhD Studies introduced


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Training the Brightest!Training the Brightest!

MassiveMassivepostdoctoral trainingprogramprogram

launched for all local PhD.slaunched for all local PhD.s

ALL local PhD students now haveALL local PhD students now have

opportunities to study abroad onopportunities to study abroad on sandwich

PhD programs

Linkages established with top Westernestablished with top Western

Institutions --- 50 with British Universities,Institutions --- 50 with British Universities,

many othersmany others


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1414

Gross Tertiary Enrolment RatioGross Tertiary Enrolment Ratio

in Selected Countriesin Selected Countries

4.1

7

12

41

68

74

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Pakistan

India

MalaysiaIsrael

Korea

Finland

Percentage

Council of Higher Education, Turkey-Web Site

Pakistan Target 8%


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Are there Students ?Are there Students ?

1515

Student pass HSC exam and univ intake (000),

2005-2015

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

HSC pass

univ intake

Source: WB HE Assessment Report (2006)


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16

Faculty in Public sectorFaculty in Public sector

UniversitiesUniversities


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Distribution of Approved Project CostDistribution of Approved Project Cost


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A Focus on QualityA Focus on Quality

AssuranceAssurance

Four Year Undergraduate programFour Year Undergraduate program

Quality Assurance StructureQuality Assurance Structure

Defining QA Procedures / StandardsDefining QA Procedures / Standards

Eligibility Criteria for Appointments ofEligibility Criteria for Appointments of

Faculty M.Phil/PhD DegreesFaculty M.Phil/PhD Degrees

1818


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Categorization of PrivateCategorization of Private

Universities / DAIsUniversities / DAIs

Category Position afterfirst inspection

Present Position Improvement from Firstinspection

Category W 11 25 14

Category X 18 26 08

Category Y 11 02 - 09

Category Z 13 04 - 09

Total 53 57

(four new universitieswere established duringtime)

g er uca on e


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g er uca on ePortal

200,000 hits per day

20


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Using Technology to Leap-Frog!

Pakistan Educational Research Network

Digital Library Program

PAKSAT 1 (Pakistans Educational

Satellite)

Pakistans International Video-

conferencing Network


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822 cities on the Internet

2002

Iran

Afghanistan

India

China

From 40 to 1,000

Cities on Optical

Fibre (2000-2005)SDH/PDH(525/622 Mb/s)

backbone being

upgraded to

DWDM

10 Gb/s


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Internet user growth

Internet users

-

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

Jan-95

Jan-96

Jan-97

Jan-98

Jan-99

Jan-00

Jan-01

Jan-02

Internet users

StartpointToday

June 2000:130,000 Oct 2006: >12 million

Actual users

more than 12

Million!

Dial up

Pl i


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Plummeting costs.

Cost /E1

-

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

Mar-0

0

May-0

0Jul-0

0

Sep-00

Nov-0

0

Jan-01

Mar-0

1

May-0

1

US

$Cost /E1

Startpoint

Today

June 2000:US$ 87,000/E1 August 2001:US$ 6,000

October 2004 : US$ 3,800Now US$ 950 per month/2 Mb/s !


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Bandwidth Available

Operative Data bandwidth

-

50

100

150

200

250

300

Jan-96

Jul-9

6

Jan-97

Jul-9

7

Jan-98

Jul-9

8

Jan-99

Jul-9

9

Jan-00

Jul-0

0

Jan-01

Jul-0

1

Jan-02

Mb/s Operative Data bandwidth

today

Startpoint

August 2000:32 Mb/s Mar 2002:265 Mb/s

2006: 10 Gb/s Loops


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Communications Network---the

Effect of one Good Decision!

1992-2000, little Growth(300,000 phones)

2001,CPP regimebrought in

Network expansion of 3 million phone-lines ordered in 2002 ! Mobilink, U-fone

Explosive growth continues till today (over

80 million phones todayhottest sector ofthe economy)


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PERNPakistan Education & Research Network

Jamshoro

TandojamNawab Shah

D.I.Khan

Topi

Khairpur

Khuzdar

Abbottabad

E3Backb

one

E3Backb

one

Core Network Nodes 03

Total Universities 56(16 OFS, 22 DXX,

17 DRS, 1 VSAT)


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Digital Library

25,000 full text journalsnation-wide,free-of-

charge!!!

Over 1.2 million articles downloaded in 2006 !

Almost 300,000 end users trained nationwide

One Window Search Engine developed with

Lund University

Web of Science, Scifinder Scholar, EMBASE,

IEEE, Chem/Biol.Abstracts etc.


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Digital Library

PakistansPakistans National E-Books Programlaunched in September 2007launched in September 2007

Provides free nation-wide access to over40,000 text books and monographs

OverOver220 international publishers220 international publishers

Down-loadable and key word-searchableDown-loadable and key word-searchable


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Paksat 1

Ku Band

C-Band


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Virtual University

4 Digital Satellite (PAKSAT-1) TV

Channels for content delivery (License

for 2 granted)

Satellite Earth Station

2 Recording Studios

Potential for providing high qualitytraining in remote areas of Pakistan

I i l Vid l i


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International Video-lecturingProgram / Distance Learning

High quality video-conferencingequipment installed

Series of international lectures (nation-

wide) by top professors from leadinguniversities in USA, Europe, Japan etc.from November 2006

Many Lectures arranged !!!MIT Mirror Website for access to Open

Source materials established (

http://mitocw.pern.edu.pkhttp://mitocw.pern.edu.pk))
http://mitocw.pern.edu.pk/http://mitocw.pern.edu.pk/http://mitocw.pern.edu.pk/


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Establishment of NewEngineering, Science &

Technology Universities(UESTP)


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Partner Countries

Phase 1:

GermanyAustria ItalyChina

Phase 2FranceSwedenSouth Korea Japan


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Glowing International

Reviews---A Silent RevolutionWorld BankWorld Bank

USAIDUSAID

British CouncilBritish Council

NatureNature--27--27thth November 2007---- TheNovember 2007---- The

Paradox of PakistanParadox of Pakistan NatureNature --28--28thth August 2008--- AfterAugust 2008--- After

MusharrafMusharraf


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ResultsResults

600% in ISI abstracted publications and600% in ISI abstracted publications and1000% increase in citations over last 41000% increase in citations over last 4

yearsyears

Young men and women have startedYoung men and women have started

opting to adopt careers in S&T subjectsopting to adopt careers in S&T subjects

as first choiceas first choice

Landscape of Universities has begun toLandscape of Universities has begun to


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01000

2000

3000

4000

5000

2001 2003 2005 2007 2008

Publications

Publication


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Investment in HRD Pays Back aInvestment in HRD Pays Back a

Million fold !Million fold !

12 Students trained under our scholarship program12 Students trained under our scholarship program

formed an IT company in Islamabadformed an IT company in Islamabad

------won a contract of US $ 250 million (Rs 20won a contract of US $ 250 million (Rs 20

billion)billion) in competition to major internationalin competition to major internationalcompaniescompanies

Innovation determines Progress----but you mustInnovation determines Progress----but you mustcreate and nurture the Innovation Workers !create and nurture the Innovation Workers !

Sow the seeds today---the fruits will come 10 -15Sow the seeds today---the fruits will come 10 -15


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NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROMETERS


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A GROUP OF GERMAN STUDENTS


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Dr Atta Ur Rahman - Higher Education