DPS Personal Hygiene and Oral Care

8/13/2019 DPS Personal Hygiene and Oral Care

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/dps-personal-hygiene-and-oral-care 1/17



Learning Outcomes

• To explore issues relating to personal hygieneand oral care in the context of practice

• To review the principles of infection control (last weeks session) in relation to personal hygieneand oral care

• To list the equipment necessary to carry outthese skills

• To carry out personal hygiene and oral careeffectively



• What do we mean by personal hygiene?

• Why is it important to maintain personalhygiene?



What is personal hygiene?

• Essence of Care (DH, 2009)

“the physical act of cleansing the body to ensurethat the hair, nails, ears, nose and skin are inoptimal condition. It also includes mouth hygiene

which is the effective removal of plaque anddebris to ensure the structures and tissues of themouth are kept in a healthy condition”



Personal hygiene

• A basic right for all people, not a luxury.

• When a person is unable to maintain their ownpersonal hygiene, intervention is required – thisis a basic nursing duty.

• All nursing models e.g Roper et al; Orem, make

reference to the patients hygiene needs.• Relies on initial and continuous assessment of

the patient’s needs and ability to self -care.



Why is personal hygiene important?

“She was left in lie in her excrement and urine andthe staff informed us she was doubly incontinent. We

informed them that she would be if no-one came tosee if she needed to go to the toilet and she couldn’tsee anyone, being flat on her back on a large busyward. She was confused and frail, but before she

went into hospital she was not incontinent….shedeteriorated so rapidly…the ward was a disgrace,dirty sheets……”

(Gilchrist, 1999 in Smith and Field, 2011)



“Nurses were laughing and chatting at thenurse’s station while my mother was dying insqualor” (Daily Telegraph, 2003)

“…..she was left on a bedpan for hours without a

bowl of water to wash her hands. The familyoften found traces of faeces under her fingernailsand on her hands and she was not given a bathor shower whilst at hospital” (DH, 2010)



• How do these statements make you feel:

a) About the patients and their families?

b) About the Nursing profession?

Why is this happening?How is this avoided?

…….all to often lack of resources is used as anexcuse for poor nursing care…



Essence of Care BenchmarkingStandards

• All patients are assessed to identify the advice and/orassistance required in maintaining and promoting theirindividual personal hygiene

• Planned care is negotiated with patients and/or their carersand is based on assessment of their individual needs

• Patients have access to an environment that is safe andacceptable to the individual

• Patients are expected to supply their own toiletries but single-use toiletries are provided until they can supply their own• Patients have access to the level of assistance that they require

to meet their individual needs

DH (2009)



Preparation• Patient assessment to identify the advice and/or

care needed to maintain and promote their personal

hygiene

• How do we gain this information? From whom?

• Involves consideration of the environment – whatwould the ideal environment be?

• http://www.cetl.org/learning/tutorials.html

Dignity in Care

http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/~jacky/dignity/video_hands.html

http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/~jacky/dignity/video_hands.html



Infection Control

• What infection control measures should beimplemented during the maintenance of personal hygiene and oral care?



Cultural and Religious factors

• Cultural and religious factors must be respectedat all times. The wishes of individuals must besought and not assumed. For example:

• The Islamic and Hindu religions require

individuals to wash before prayer.• Sikhs place great importance on not shaving and

cutting hair.





Bed Bathing - Equipment• Disposable apron• Non-sterile gloves

• Incontinence pads• Clean bed linen (last weeks session)• Laundry skips (soiled/non-soiled, see last weeks

session)

• Clean clothes• Yellow bag for clinical waste

(optional such as razor, nail clippers, emery boards,

manual handling equipment if necessary)



Giving a Bed Bath

The Procedure:

ClinicalSkills.net (Giving a bed bath; Facial Shave; Washing a patients hair in bed)

• http://www.clinicalskills.net/client-

area/catalogue/category/2

• Video (YouTube)

• Giving a Bed Bath

http://www.clinicalskills.net/client-area/catalogue/category/2


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYXYcOHT6aE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYXYcOHT6aE







Equipment– Oral Care

• Disposable non-sterile gloves• Yellow bag for clinical waste

• Towel• Pen torch and spatula to examine the patient mouth• Toothpaste• Patients own toothbrush• Receiver (“kidney dish”)

• Plastic cups• Denture pot and solution• Mouth wash tablets• Yellow paraffin (optional)



Oral Care

The procedure:

• ClinicalSkills.net (mouth care)

• http://www.clinicalskills.net/client-area/catalogue/category/2

• Video (YouTube)

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVsMmppY XrI



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVsMmppYXrI








Documents

DPS Personal Hygiene and Oral Care