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* Corresponding author: Begum Saidunnisa
Chairperson Biochemistry, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health
Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
ISSN: 0976-3031
RESEARCH ARTICLESTUDY OF TRANSFUSION TRANSMISSIBLE INFECTIOUS
DISEASE MARKERS IN OVER 5000
SCREENED UNITS OF BLOOD
1Begum Saidunnisa., 2Agarwal. A., 3Chudasama. M and 4Shafi,
E
1Chairperson Biochemistry, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health
Sciences University,
Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates2Chairperson Pathology, Ras
Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al
Khaimah,
United Arab Emirates3Doctor, LVIV National Medical University,
UKRAINE
4Final year Medical student, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health
Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah,
United Arab Emirates
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
In recent years there has been increased public concern about
the safety of blood transfusionwith respect to transfusion
transmissible infectious diseases (TTIs) like HIV, hepatitis
B,hepatitis C, and human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus. Every
effort should be made to
minimize the risk of disease transmission. All donations are
screened for hepatitis B surfaceantigen, antibodies to HIV and
hepatitis C, and syphilis with assays of steadily
increasingsensitivity.A 5-year retrospective study ( 2007-2011) of
TTIs in over 5 000 screened units
of blood was done from the records available in the blood bank
data base in SAQRHospital, Ras Al Khaimah UAE. These were screened
by assays approved for blooddonation screening. It was calculated
that the risk of transmission through blood was 0.3%in 5 000 units
of red cells for hepatitis B virus; 3% in 5 000 units for hepatitis
C virus; and
0% in 5 000 units for HIV. This study shows no data regarding
transfusion transmission of
Syphilis & HIV in Ras Al Khaimah. The reduced TTI prevalence
rate is an encouragingsign, which shows the effectiveness of the
changes introduced in the local government inline with the WHO
strategy for blood safety.
INTRODUCTION
Blood donation saves millions of lives; however, although
blood transfusion plays an important role in the supportive
careof medical and surgical patients, unsafe transfusion
practices
also put millions of people at risk of
transfusion-transmissibleinfections (TTIs)
(10).Every effort should be made to minimize
the risk of disease transmission. All donations are screened
for
hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies to HIV and hepatitis
C,and syphilis with assays of steadily increasing sensitivity.
Atheoretical possibility of transmission remains if the donor is
inthe "window period" of an infection (that is, infectious but
has
not developed detectable markers of infection) or if the donoris
a "low level carrier" in whom the level of markers of
chronicinfection is below the sensitivity of currently used assays
(for
example, for hepatitis B surface antigen). In addition,
rarestrain variants of a virus may not be detectable by certain
routine tests, and possibilities of technical or clerical errors
inscreening or quarantining blood components remain.This
retrospective study aimed to estimate directly the
incidence of transfusion transmitted infections: hepatitis B,
C,Syphilis and HIV, for which donated blood is tested, and
alsohuman T cell leukemia/ lymphoma virus, for which blood isnot
currently tested in Ras Al Khaimah.
MATERIAL & METHODS
A 5-year retrospective study (2007-2011) of TTIs in over
5 000 screened units of blood was done from the recordsavailable
in the blood bank data base in SAQR Hospital, Ras
Al Khaimah. These were screened by assays approved forblood
donation screening.
RESULTS
Among the 5000 units of red cells, 2400 were males (48%) and2600
were females (52%). [Figure:1] It is calculated that therisk of
transmission through blood was 0.3% in 5 000 units of
red cells for hepatitis B virus; 3% in 5 000 units for hepatitis
Cvirus; and 0% in 5 000 units for HIV.
Available Online at http://www.recentscientific.com
International Journal
of Recent Scientific
ResearchInternational Journal of Recent Scientific ResearchVol.
4, Issue, 7, pp.1133 1135, July, 2013
Article History:
Received 10th, June, 2013
Received in revised form 22th, June, 2013
Accepted 10th, July, 2013
Published online 30th July, 2013
Copy Right, IJRSR, 2013, Academic Journals. All rights
reserved.
Key words:Transfusion transmissible infectious diseases(TTIs),
HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, andhuman T cell leukemia/lymphoma
virus,
antigen, antibodies
Figure 1
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International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, Vol. 4,
Issue, 7, pp. 1133 - 1135, July, 2013
1135
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