DOCUMENT RESUME /8 001 258 TITLE Wisconsin Public Library … · 2014. 1. 14. · ED 097 894 TITLE INSTITUTION PUB DATE NOTE. DOCUMENT RESUME. Wisconsin Public Library No. 5058. Wisconsin

ED 097 894

TITLE

INSTITUTION

PUB DATENOTE

DOCUMENT RESUME

Wisconsin Public LibraryNo. 5058.Wisconsin State Dept. ofDiv. of Library Services.7499p.

/8 001 258

System Standards. Bulletin

Public Instruction, Madison.

EDRS PRICE MF -$0.75 8C-$4.20 PLUS POSTAGEDESCRIPTORS County Libraries; Information Services; Institutional

Administration; Library Facilities; LibraryMaterials; Library Services; *Library Standards;Personnel; *Public Libraries; *Regional Libraries;*State Standards

IDENTIFIERS *Wisconsin

ABSTRACTA revision of the Wisconsin Division for Library

Services of the Department of Public Instruction 1963 public librarystandards, this collection of standards includes sections onavailability of services, structure and government of librarysystems, services, materials and materials organization, personnel,physical facilities, and library service outlets. Except for the lastsection, which is a short description, all sections have a narrativeintroduction, statements of guide principles, and specific standards.The standards, which are presented in column form, cover librarysystems, headquarters libraries, large community libraries, communitylibraries, and small community libraries. These five types of libraryorganizations are defined at the beginning of the document in termsof population served. (LS)

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PREFACE

The Wisconsin Division for Library Services is au-

thorized to "develop and make available desirable

standards for public and school libraries"

(Wisconsin Statutes, s. 43.05(8)).

This publica-

tion is the first revision of desirable public li-

brary standards since 1963.

Substantially, it is an updating of the 1963 stan-

dards, A Desi n for Public Librar

Develo

nt in

Wiscons n; Standards

or Mearur ng Progress.

This

revision is in conformity with Chapter s3 of the

Wisconsin Statutes, as revised in 1971, and with

the Provisional Standards for Public Library Sys-

tems (Wisconsin Administrative Code, PI 6.06).

Like A Design,

..

.,this version is directional

rather than philosophical.

Rather than reexamin-

ing the philosophical bases of twentieth century

public library services, it takes the generally

accepted ideals as universally understood.

It is

expected that individual system and municipal li-

brary boards, their directors and staff members,

will continually winnow and sift creative ideas

for new directions for public library service.

Primarily responsible for these Wisconsin Public

Library System Standards are the Division's Public

Library Consultants, and a Joint Committee on the

Revision of Public Library Standards appointed by

the Chairpersons of the Wisconsin Library Trustees

Association and the Wisconsin Association of Public

Librarians.

In June 1974, these standards received the endorse-

ment of the WLTA Board and the Executive Committee

of WAPL.

I would like particularly to thank Public Library

Consultant lone Nelson, who chaired a long series

of staff meetings, and then of Joint Committee

meetings, and worked steadily and patiently to be

sure this revision made sense.

W. Lyle Eberhart, Administrator

Wisconsin Division for Library Services

;J.

CONTENTS

Preface

Information for Use with This Document

iii

vii

I.

Availability

1

II.

Structure and Government

4

Iii.

Service

18

IV.

Materials

27

V.

Personnel

39

VI.

Physical Facilities

46

VII.

Library Service Outlets

52

vii

INFORMATION FOR USE WITH THIS DOCUMENT

The standards contained in this document are built for mea-

suring system adequacy and should be used in conjunction

with the Wisconsin library law and administrative code rules

affecting public libraries.

This document cannot be used to

measure independent unaffiliated libraries.

A system is a complex of public libraries within a county or

multicounty area, organized and governed as a unit, In which

all citizens residing in the area have access to the re-

sources and services of the complex.

There are two kinds of

systems:

(a) federated and (b) consolidated.

(a) Federated System - may be a single or multicounty

system in which the system operation is governed

by a system library board and each local library

board retains control over the local aspects of

library service.

A multicounty federated system

may include individual counties with consolidated

service.

(b) Consolidated System - consists of one county only.

Each municipality with a public library in the

system agrees that its library be merged as a

branch of the system and be governed by the system

library board.

iThe standards which appear are minimum standards to be used

as guidelines.

These standards cover availability of pub-

lic library service, structure and government, service, ma-

terials, personnel, physical facilities, and library ser-

vice outlets.

Organization and format

1

The general format of this document is essentially the same

as the earlier A Oesi n

..

.,with

the addition of Prin-

ciples and a co umn

or System Standards.

Types of

I

libraries, as used in A Desi n

..

.,have been changed to

Headquarters, Large Commun ty, Community, and Small, Community

Library.

The population and characteristics of the area

served, not the mi.micipal boundary, determine In which cate-

gory a library belongs.

A library in a small municipality

may need to meet Community Library Standards In order to serve

its area.

Separate standards have been written for the system and each

size of library.

If, however, a standard applies to more than

one library, the standard is written across those columns to

which it pertains.

Most standards contained here apply to

both Consolidated and Federated Systems.

Where there are dif-

ferences, such as in Structure and Government, separate stan-

dards are written for each.

Terms used

Princi le - Fundamental rule from which the standards have beer

deve oped, and the framework in which they operate.

Standards -

System Standards - refer to those standards which per-

tain to overall system operation.

Library Standards - apply to either

(a) The public library in a city of at least 30,000

population designated to provide administration

of and resources for the system, or

(b) A combination of a separate administrative head-

quarters plus a public library in a city of at

least 30,000 under contract to serve as system

resource library.

in the case of a separate ad-

ministrative headquarters, apply those standards

viii

pertaining to system administration and to any

system services that may be provided by it.

Apply all other service and resource standards

to the public library under contract with the

system to serve as the resource library.

Large Community Librar

Standards - apply to a commu-

nity library which serves an area of approximately

30,000 or more population and is not the headquar-

ters or resource library for the system.

Community Library Standards - apply to a community

library which serves an area of approximately

10,000-30,000 population.

Small Communit

Librar

Standards - apply to a community

brary which serves an area of approximately 2,500-

10,000 population.

Library Service Outlet Standards - apply to an

additional

public if17ary unit, either mobile or stationary, orga

nized and administered primarily to serve as a link

within the system between the very small communities c

neighborhoods and the headquarters library resources.

A separate chapter has been written for the library

service outlet.

AVAILABILITY OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE

INTRODUCTION

Every Wisconsin resident should have legal and

reasonably convenient access to a public li-

brary and through it to the library resources

in his area, the state, and the nation.

This

goal can only be attained by the establishment

of a statewide network of public library sys-

tems.

No public library can function as an isolated

unit and provide the depth and breadth of re-

sources needed by the people in its community.

All public libraries must have a second level

of resources within reach of their readers.

Such backup is provided when libraries in an

area participate in a system.

AVAILABILITY OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE -

In turn, a system cannot operate in isolation.

It

must provide the linkage between local libraries and

the resources of public libraries and other types of

libraries in the system area, other systems, and

state and national library agencies.

The standards in this chapter are guides for the de-

velopment of the necessary library interrelationships

which will permit the local public libraries to make

available a good quality of library service to the

user.

2 - AVAILABILITY OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE

I. AVAILABILITY OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE

Principle A. All Wisconsin residents should have access to a local public library and thrc

tem area, state, and nation.

Standards:

System

1. Public library sys-tems, built on countyor muiticounty units,should be established lb.

throughout the stateto provide everyresident within thoseunits legal access topublic library ser-vice.

Headquarters Library

la. Every individual shouto the resources of a

2. Each public librarysystem, linking allpublic libraries inits area togetheras a coordinatedwhole, should pro-vide library userswith a range anddepth of servicethat is beyond thefinancial reach ofany single library.

3. Each public librarysystem and othertypes of librariesin the system areashould cooperate and

The headquarter li-

brary should be lo-cated so that peopleserved by it matconveniently use thelibrary within a oneday's round tripfrom their homes.

Large Community Library Communi

Id have legal and reasonably convenielpublic library system.

lb. The local library should be locits users.

2. Each public library within a public library system area sheticipate in its program.

3. Each public library in a system should participate in theof resources tith other types of libraries on the local anlibrary resources in the area to the individual.

7

have access to a local public library and through it to the total library resources of the sys-

-ary Large Community Library CommunityLibrary Small Community Library

'ual should have legal and reasonably convenient access to a local public library and through it%es of a public library system.

_Ars li-be lo-1 peoplemayuse thein a onetripamts.

lb. The local library should be located within a one hour's round trip from most ofits users.

library within a public library system area should affiliate with the system and actively par-

its program.

Library in a system should participate in the system's program of cooperation and coordinationwith other types of libraries on the local and system levels to insure the availability of all

urces in the area to the individual.

Standards:

System Headquarters Library Large Community Library Com

coordinate their ser-vices in order to ex-tend the resourcesavailable to libraryusers.

4. Public Library sys-tems, major regionaland state libraryagencies should belinked together toform a statewide net-work which would makeavailable a fullrange of library re-sources in the stateto Wisconsin resi-dents.

4. Every individual through his local library should havestatewide network.

5. The statewide network 5. Every individual through his local library should haveshould provide a pro- brary agencies in the nation.gram of reference re-ferral to resourcelibraries in the na-tion for informationnot available to anindividual on hiscommunity, system,or state level.

Large Community Library

AVAILABILITY - 3

Community Library Small Community Library

through his local library should have access to its library resources, provided by a

through his local library should have access to the library resources provided by li-the nation.

STRUCTURE AND GOVERNMENT OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SYSTEMS

Public library systems are created for the ex-

tension and improvement of services to the

people in the system areas.

In order to func-

tion, each system must operate within a frame-

work of planned partnership between it and its

affiliated libraries.

This framework is based

on intergovernmental

cooperation among munici-

palities for the establishment and maintenance

of a system and on interlibrary cooperation of

the libraries included in the system.

The standards in this chapter relate to the or-

ganization and administration of a single or

multicounty system, a federated or consolidated

system.

As directional standards, their prin-

cipal purpose is to serve as a guide in the de-

velopment of the relationships and responsi-

bilities of the system, its headquarters, and

member libraries.

In a federated system, the

public libraries remain under local control,

INTRODUCTION

tt

with the system being the structured interac-

tion of all the units included,

Once a public library system is

operational,

it has the responsiblity of securing a work-

ing relationship with other types of libraries

in its area to provide the public with access

to those library resources.

And, finally, it

has the responsibility to develop a program of

access to the resources of other systems,

of

designated regional resource libraries within

the state, and of state and federal library re-

sources.

With a clear pattern of system organization

and administration, both the system and affili-

ated member libraries can develop to their full

potentiality of service to the people who sup-

port them.

II. STRUCTURE AND GOVERNMENT OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SYSTEMS

Principle A. Public library systems should be established and maintained in accordancerules.

Standards:

System Headquatters Library Large Community Library Com

1. Each public librarysystem should have apopulation of no lessthan 85,000.

2. Each public librarysystem should be or-ganized as either aconsolidated or fed-erated system andestablished and main-tained in accordancewith the provisionsof the WisconsinStatutes, theWisconsin Adminis-trative Code rules,and the Division forLibrary Services ad-ministrative regula-tions.

3. Each system shouldbe governed by alegal system board.

2. Each public library in a federated system should be estthe Wisconsin Statutes and the Wisconsin Administrative

3a. In a consolidated system, the headquarters library andby the system board as a single unit.

3b. The municipal public 3b. Each library in a federatedlibrary function ofthe headquarters li-brary in a federatedsystem should con-tinue to be governedby its public libraryboard.

STRUCTURE AND GOVERNMENT - 5

EMS

established and maintained in accordance with the state statutes and the administrative code

Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

ary in a federated system should be established and maintained according to the provisions of:atutes and the Wisconsin Administrative Code rules.

d system, the headquarters library and its satellite community branches should be governedard as a single unit.

Iblic 3b. Each library in a federated system should be governed by a public library board.of11-

a ted

trned

brary

6 - STRUCTURE AND GOVERNMENT

Standards:

System

4. Each system shouldmeet statutory andstate administrativerequirements forstate aid.

5. Each system shouldhave a designatedheadquarters librarywhich should be thepublic library in acity of at least30,000, or an ad-ministrative head-quarters and contractwith a public libraryin a city of atleast 30,000 to serveas its resource li-brary.

Headquarters Library Large Community Library C

4. Each public library in a federated system should recemaintenance of the system's ability to meet the statu

5. The headquarters li-brary should continueits operation as acommunity library forthe community itserves in addition toserving as the sys-tem's administrativeunit and service li-brary.

Principle D. Public library systems should be based on a plan built up from the sift..

person access to the level of library service that meets his needs.

Standards:

1. A library system's or-ganizational plan andservice program shouldprovide for the use ofall system librariesby all residents inthe system area with-out a personal chargeor a charge to their

local municipality.

1. The headquarters ii- 1. Each member library shoo

brary should be re-sponsible for admin-istering the policiesand procedures neces-sary for the utiliza-tion of the materialscollection within thesystem including theestablishment of:

borrowers' privileges, u

'Y Large Community Library Community Library

Tary in a federated system should receive local support at a

the system's ability to meet the statutory and administrative

-s II-

ntinues a

ry for

.ion tosys-'ative

:e 11-

Small Community Library

level that contributes to therequirements for state aid.

based on a plan built up from the single library user and local community to insure every

wary service that meets his needs.

.s 1. Each member library should participate in the plans and programs for reciprocal

re- borrowers' privileges, uniform lending practices, and interlibrary loan.

gimin-

,11ciesneces-iliza-

:erialsin thethe

af:

Standards:

System

2. A system program ofaccess should be de-veloped to the re-sources of othertypes of librariesin the system area,to other systems,to state designatedregional resourcelibraries, and tostate and federallibrary agencies.


a. Reciprocal borrow-ers' privilegesamong the librariesin the system

b. Uniform lendingpractice

c. Interlibrary loanamong the systemlibraries.

2. The headquarters li-brary should be re-sponsible for planning,initiating, and admin-istering a program ofaccess to the resourcesof other types of li-braries in the systemarea, to other systems,to state designatedregional resource li-braries, and to stateand federal libraryagencies.

3. Each system should 3.provide for bookmobileservice and/or abooks-by-mail programto reach those resi-dents who cannot con-veniently visit a li-brary because of dis-tance or physicalhandicaps.

Large Community Library Cc

2. Each member library shout_system's access program.

Each public library should call its public's attentioinformation about them.

ary

borrow-legeslibraries'tem

tnding

iry loan

system

.ers li-

te re-planning,

Ind admin-ogram ofresources

s of li-e system

systems,gnatedurceto state.ibrary




2. Each member library should encourage its users to take full advantage of thesystem's access program.

ibrary should call its public's attention to these services and provide currently accuratetout them.


Standards:

System

4. Where warranted, li-brary service outletsshould be establishedand maintained in con-formity with systemguidelines.


4. The headquarters li-brary should adminis-ter the operation ofthose library serviceoutlets establishedand maintained by thesystem.

Large Community Library C

Principle C. Public library systems, as public service agencies, should be supporter_

Standards:

System Headquarters Library Larga Community Library C

1. The financial supportreceived by a systemshould be sufficientto provide an adequatelevel of service; meetthe requirements foreligibility for stateaid; and, when added

to the state aid re-ceived, provide aquality level of ser-vice.

2. A multicounty feder-ated system shouldadopt a formula foran equitable prorationof assessment for sys-tem support among thecounties.

1. In a federated system, each public library's local fithe system's state aid grant and system services, shemunicipality and to those system area residents, restas their public library.

ry

ors li-

Aiminis-Aon ofserviceished

by the


c service agencies, should be supported by public funds.

ry Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

system, each public library's local financial support, supplemented by its allotted share of

tate aid grant and system services, should provide quality service to the residents of itsInd to those system area residents, residing outside of the municipality, who use the libraryc library.

Standards:

System

3. Each public librarysystem should have acarefully preparedannual budget to pre-sent to its support-ing government agen-cy(ies).

4. Each public librarysystem should followsound fiscal proce-dures in compliancewith statutory re-quirements and Divi-sion for LibraryServices administra-tive regulations.

5. A federated systemshould compensatefinancially any pub-lic library in thesystem when its con-tribution to the sys-tem is more than itreceives whether inservices or resources.Such system use ofany library should beclearly delimited bymutual agreement and

Headquarters Library Large Community Library Cc

3a. The headquarters li-brary should providenecessary budgetaryinformation for sys-tem budget prepara-tion.

3b. Each public library in a federated system should prov'headquarters library in its compilation of informatio

3c. Each public library in a federated system should havefull opportunity for consultation with the.headquarte_during the budget preparation period, should have regtthe supporting government agency.

4a. The headquarters li-brary should followestablished fiscalprocedures and main-tain the system'sfinancial records.

4b. Each public library in a federated system should folictions of which it is a part.

5. In a federated system, any public library, which is a-utilized effectively for system purposes, should cont_contract should describe the services/resources and s


TS li-rovideetaryT sys-para-



brary in a federated system should provide local budget information as may be required by theibrary in its compilation of information for the system budget.

brary in a federated system should have a carefully prepared annual budget. Each should havety for consultation with the headquarters library and local government officials as needed, and,get preparation period, should have regular channels for presenting financial and other needs togovernment agency.

rs311owscalmain-

m's

rary in a federated system should follow sound fiscal procedures in harmony with the jurisdic-it is a part.

system, any public library, which is able to provide special services or resources that can belively for system purposes, should contribute these only under a contract with the system. Thedescribe the services/resources and state the formula on which the remuneration is based.


Standards:

System Headquarters Library

the rate of compensa-tion equitably fixed,subject to periodicreview by both thesystem and the li-brary(ies).

6. Each federated system, 6. Prior toelecting to give cash reactiongrants to its member braries.public libraries fromthe state aid it re-ceives, should deter-mine the percentageof the aid to be usedby the system for sys-tem purposes and thepercentage to be usedfor grants to the li-braries. Further,the system should de-vise a formula for anequitable distributionof the cash grantfunds among the li-braries.


adoption, each public library in a federatedto the system's formula for the distribution

Principle D. Public library systems, as publicly supported agencies, are accountablethe local governments which maintain them, and to the public.

Standards:

System

1. Each public librarysystem should maintainappropriate recordsfor reporting purposesand for analyzing,


1. The headquarters li-brary should be re-sponsible for deter-mining and maintain-ing the appropriate


1. Each member library shoutsystem headquarters libralIn addition, each memberare considered of value to


In, each public library in a federated system should have the opportunity of presenting itssystem's formula for the distribution of cash grants from its state aid funds to member li-

y supported agencies, are accountable for the management of their operation to the state,

in them, and to the public.

Large Community Library Community library Small Community Library

11- 1. Each member library should maintain pertinent records as determined by the

re- system headquarters library for systemwide reporting and evaluating purposes.

zer- In addition, each member library in a federated system should keep records that

;sin- are considered of value to its own operations.

ate

Standards:

System

evaluating, and improv-ing its service pro-gram and operation.

2. Each federated sys-tem's annual statisti-cal report to thestate should be a com-posite of the system'sand public libraries'operations in such de-tail as may be re-quired. A copy of thereport should be filedwith the county clerkof each county in thesystem and with thelibrary board of eachpublic library.


records to be kept forsystem reporting andevaluating purposes.In addition, in a fed-erated system, itshould keep records ofits municipal publiclibrary functions thatare considered ofvalue for the samepurposes.

2a. In a federated system,the headquarters li-brary should be re-sponsible for the dis-tribution of the statestatistical annual re-port forms to the pub-lic libraries and fortheir collection. It

should compile a com-posite report for theentire system to sub-mit to the state withcopies to the countyclerks in the systemarea and to systemmembers.


2b. Each public library in a federated system should fillpromptly return to the headquarters library. A copy sclerk.


cept forig and

apses.

a fed-it

:ords ofublic)ns thatof/me

system,s li-re-

:he dis-

e stateual re-:he pub-Ind for

In. It

a COM-or the,o sub-

,e with

aunty'stemtem



rary in a federated system should fill out the state annual statistical report form andto the headquarters library. A copy should be filed with the library board and municipal


Standards:

System Headquarters Library Large Community library

3. Each consolidated sys- 3. In a consolidated sys- 3. Each community branch in

tem, toe headquarters tinent information for the

library should compile at the request of the heal

the state statistical

tem's statistical an-nual report to thestate should includethe operation of theheadquarters libraryand its communitybranches in such de-tail as may be re-quired. A copy ofthe report should befiled with the countyclerk and libraryboard.

4. Each public librarysystem should presenta popular version ofits annual report tothe public throughthe news media andby whatever othermeans the systemdeems effective.

5. The current status ofpublic library systemoperation, services,and finances should bereported by the systemboard to public li-brary boar& in a fed-erated syst,. at pre-determined intervalsduring the year.

annual report andshould submit it tothe state, with copiesto the system board,community branches,and county clerk.

4a. The headquarters li-brary should be re-sponsible for the com-pilation and distribu-tion of the popularversion of the sys-tem's annual report tothe public.

4b. Each public library in a federated system should be rnual report to its community.

5. The headquarters li-brary should compilecurrent status systemreports for the sys-tem board to be pre-sented to public li-brary boards in afederated system forthe prescribed periodsduring the year.

Large Community library Community Library Small Community Library

:ed sys- 3. Each community branch in a consolidated system should promptly submit any per-

Jarters tinent information for the annual statistical report, hitherto not submitted,

compile at the request of the headquarters library.

sticalInd

It to

copiescard,:hes,

k.

- s l i-

re-:he com-

stribu-mular

sys-

port to

wary in a federated system should be responsible for presenting a popular version of its an-

its community.

.s

)mpilesystemsys-

. pre-c 11-a

em forperiods

Principle E. A system library board should perform its duties in the best interest of

Standards:


1. Each system boardshould understandthe provisions ofthe WisconsinStatutes pertainingITTR-Tuties andpowers in order tofulfill its appro-priate responsi-bilities.

2. Each iy:tem boardsiviuld include a

statement in itsbylaws that noboard member shallsucceed himselfmore than twice inorder that freshideas and a broaderrepresentation ofthe system area maybe assured.

Large Community Library Con

1. Each public library board in a federated system shouldpertaining to its duties and powers in order to fulfil

2. Each public library board in a federated system shouldber shall succeed himself more than twice in order thatcommunity may be assured.

3. In a federated system 3a.

the system boardshould meet semian-nually with the head-quarters library boardand hold a joint an-nual meeting with allmember library boardsfor review and discus-sion of system ser-vices and improvement.

In a federated system,the public libraryboard of the librarydesignated as the sys-tem headquartersshould meet semiannu-ally with the systemboard to review anddiscuss system ser-vices and improvement.


form its duties in the best interest of the public.

y Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

vary board in a federated system should understand the provisions of the Wisconsin Statutesis duties and powers in order to fulfill its appropriate responsibilities.

-ary board in a federated system should include a statement in its bylaws that no board mem-xl himself more than twice in order that fresh ideas and a broader representation of theassured.

'ystem,

ry

Taryto sys-

annum'stem

ander-

ement.


Standards:

System

4. Each system boardshould select and ap-point a qualified andcompetent library ad-ministrator; deter-mine the system's ob-jectives and func-tions; set systempolicies; assume re-sponsibility forlong-range systemwideservice and facilityplanning; periodicallyevaluate the effec-tiveness of the sys-tem's operation andservices; take activeresponsibility forsecuring the neces-sary level of finan-cial support for thesystem; interpret thesystem to the public;keep the system memberlibrary boards (in afederated system) ap-prised regularly ofthe system's activi-ties and status; sub-mit an annual reportof the preceling yearand its program forthe subsequent yearto the Division forLibrary Services.

Headquarters Library Large Community Library

3b. Each public library board in a federated system shoulboard for review and discussion of system services an

4. Each public library board in a federated system shouladministrator; determine the library's objectives andning; periodically evaluate the effectiveness of thebility for securing the necessary level of local finesubmit reports of the library's activities and financ

Irary Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

library board in a federated system should attend the joint annual meeting with the system:view and discussion of system services and improvement.

library board in a federated system should select and appoint a qualified and competent libraryIn determine the library's objectives and functions; set policies; engage in long-range plan-ically evaluate the effectiveness of the library's operation and services; take active responsi-4curing the necessary level of local financial support; interpret the library to the community;.ts of the library's activities and financial status to the system.

Standards:

System Headquarters Library Large Community Library

5. In a federated system, 5.

the system boardshould contract withthe board of the pub-lic library desig-nated as the head-quarters library:

a. To confirm thedesignation of thepublic library asthe system head-quarters libraryby the systemboard and accep-tance of the desig-nation by the pub-lic library board.

b. To agree on theamount and kind ofexpansion, includ-ing administration,service, materials,and personnel ofthe public library'soperation neededfor it to act as aheadquarters li-brary and on thesystem's financingof the extended pro-gram.

The board of the pub-lic library in afederated systemdesignated as the sys-tem headquarters li-brary should contractwith the system board:

a. To confirm thedesignation of thepublic library asthe system head-quarters library bythe system boardand its acceptanceof the designation.

b. To agree on theamount and kind ofexpansion, includ-ing administration,service, materials,and personnel ofthe public li-brary's operationneeded for it toact as a head-quarters libraryand on the system'sfinancing of theextended program.

-ary

the pub-n atem

the sys-:ers

contract:em board:

then of thewary ashead-ibrary byboard

zeptanceignation.

. thekind ofinclud-tration,iterials,iel of

li-

Jrationit toad-brarysystem's)f the

mogram.





Standards:

System

c. To establish therespective areas ofresponsibility ofthe two boards inthe operation ofthe library havingdual functions.


c. To establish therespective areas ofresponsibility ofthe two boards inthe operation ofthe library havingdual functions.


Principle F. The functions of a system library board and the system director should

Standards:

System Headquarters Library Large Community Library Cc

1. Each system board, asthe legal and policydetermining body, andthe director, as theadministrator, shouldconduct the affairsof the system as aworking partnershipwith the lines of de-marcation of the au-thority and responsi-bility of each definedin the board's bylaws.

1. Each public library board in a federated system, as t'administrator should conduct the affairs of the Libra_tion of the authority and responsibility of each defi

2. In a federated system 2

the director, if act-ing in a dual role asthe administrator ofthe system and the ad-ministrator of thepublic library desig-nated as the systemheadquarters, should

. In a federated systemthe system director,if also the adminis-trator of the publiclibrary designated asthe headquarters li-brary, should be re-sponsible to the pub-lic library board for

ry

41 the

areas ofity ofTds inon ofhaving

ons.


'y board and the system director should be clearly differentiated.

Ty Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

brary board in a federated system, as the legal and policy determining body, and the library

should conduct the affairs of the library as a working partnership with the lines of demarca-

thority and responsibility of each defined in the board's bylaws.

system"actor,dminis-public

fated as

ers Ji-be re-

the pub-lard for

Standards:

System

be responsible to thesystem board for thesystem operation.

3. The system board,director, and staffshould study, evalu-ate, and develop thesystem's policies andlong-range planning.

4. The system directorshould regularly re-port to the board onthe system's activi-ties and progress.


the municipal libraryoperation.

3. In a federated system each public library board, librand develop the library's policies and long-range plbe coordinated with those of the system.

4. In a federated system each library administrator shoulibrary's activities and progress and system service



library

system each public library board, library administrator, and staff should study, evaluate,Je library's policies and long-range planning. The policies and long-range planning shouldwith those of the system.

system each library administrator should regularly report to his public library board on thevities and progress and system services received or given.

1

The purpose of the public library is service

for everyone.

This encompasses individuals

of all ages, regardless of education, occupa-

tion, philsophy, economic level, ethnic ori-

gin, or human condition.

The public library

exists to provide the individual with the

books, magazines, records, films, and other

types of material which communicate ideas,

information, and knowledge.

Thus service is

the essential starting point for establish-

ing and applying standards.

The services provided by the library must be

based on clear and specific objectives.

SERVICE

INIROOUCTION

These objectives must recognize the neces-

sary variations in communities

which require

different library programs.

The character

and emphasis of public library servicewill

be influenced by the existence of other

li-

brary services in the area.

The public library is a central source for

continuing lifelong education.

Guidance from

librarians in the use of books and materials

will help the individual to read with under-

standing, discrimination, and judgment.

Thus

the recreational, intellectual, andcultural

life of the community will be enriched.

Ill. SERVICE

Principle A. The public library system should focus its service program upon clear a

Standards:

System

1. Each system shouldadopt a written state-ment of general, long-range objectives andspecific goals of sys-temwide library ser-vice, subject to peri-odic review and revi-sion.


la. The headquarters li- la. Each member library shoulbrary should assist goals of systemwide Libra=in the fore-:lation of

objectives and goalsof systemwide libraryservice and be re-sponsible for carry-ing them out.

lb. Each public library should adopt a written statement csubject to periodic review and revision. This statemlar aims and applications which fit the needs of its c

lc. The headquarters li-brary should provideguidance to the mem-ber libmeries indeveloping libraryservice objectivesand specific goalsand be responsiblefor coordination.

-ocus its service program upoa cleat and specific objectives.

Large Community Library Community Library

SERVICE - 19


la. Each member library should participate in the formulation of objectives andist goals of systemwide library service.on ofgoals

brary-e-

try-

:ary should adopt a written statement of objectives and specific goals of library service,dic review and revision. This statement should relate each library's efforts to particu-',cations which fit the needs of its community.

mem-

ryesIs

le

20 - SERVICE

Principle B. The public library system, as an integral part of the area it serves, s

services.

Standards:

System

I. The needs of the sys-tem area should beassessed through con-tinuing study, throughknowledge gained byparticipation in or-ganization activitiesand governmental plan-ning. through surveysmade by other agen-cies, and through cooperation with otherlibraries and organi-zations in experimen-tat ion and research.

2. Each system shoulddevelop a coordinatedsystemwide plan for afull range of libraryservices for children,young adults, andadults.


la. The headquarters li-brary should be re-sponsible for librarystudies and surveysauthorized by the sys-tem board, and coop-erate with other agen-cies and organizationson studies and surveysthat have a bearing onsystemwide libraryservice.


la. Each member library shoulized study that has a bea

lb. In each public library the staff should be encouragedits institutions and organizations.

2a. The headquarters li-brary should be re-sponsible for admin-istering the system-wide library servicesand the coordinationof library servicesin the system area.

2b. Each public library should develop a plan for the lib

integral part of the area it serves, should develop an effective plan for a full range of


trs 11- la. Each member library should keep the headquarters library apprised of any formal-e re- ized study that has a bearing on library service in its community.libraryrveysthe sys-coop-

er agen-izationssurveys

wring onwary

library the staff should be encouraged to participate actively in the life of the community,Ins and organizations.

trs li-

e re-admin-'stem-enticesnationvicesarea.

brary should develop a plan for the library services which are to be offered in its community.

Standards:

System

3. Each system shoulddevelop a coordinatedsystemwide programfor utilizing theexisting state, area,and local library re-sources and agenciesin serving the resi-dents of its area.Contracts tr. provideand/or receive sys-tem services shouldbe made, wheneverfeasible or benefi-cial:

a. With all typesof libraries inthe area, namely,area school li-brary centers,higher educa-tional institu-tion libraries,and special li-braries

b. With other publiclibrary systems

c. With other typesof libraries out-side its area.


3a. The headquarters li- 3a. Each member library shoulbrary should act asthe liaison betweenmember libraries inthe system and statelevel resources,utilizing efficientand rapid communica-tion.

3b. The headquarterslibrary should assumeresponsibility forexamining methods ofeffective interli-brary cooperation onthe system level andshould be responsiblefor negotiating andadministering allsystemwide interli-brary contracts forthe receipt and/orprovision of services.

use of state-level resourr

3b. Each member library shou!tractual systemwide inter

3c. Each public library should assume responsibility fortypes of libraries in its community to obtain full ut'level.

3d. The headquarters li-brary should advisemember libraries onlocal interlibrarycontracts.

3d. Each member library shoulctance of the headquarters

SERVICE - 21

-ary Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

ers 3a. Each member library should follow the prescribed rules and regulations for theact as use of state-level resources.etween-ies inId state:es,

Ficientmnunica-

:ers 3b. Each member library should follow the prescribed procedures for the use of con-.d assume tractual systemwide interlibrary services.:y for

;hods of

,erli-tion onAte) and

vonsibleng andall

iterli-

As for1nd/or

services.

ibrary should assume responsibility for examining methods of effective cooperation with otheraries in its community to obtain full utilization of all library resources at the community

ersadviseies onbrary

3d. Each member library should negotiate local interlibrary contracts with the assis-tance of the headquarters library.

22 - SERVICE

Principle C. The public library system should provide informational, bibliographical

Standards:


1. Each system shouldhave a coordinatedinformational, refer-ence/research, andbibliographical ser-vice, including staffspecialists, resourcematerials, and appro-priate equipment.

la. The headquarters li-brary should providebibliographical aid,information and refer-ence/research servicesto residents of thesystem area either di-rectly or through mem-ber libraries.

lb. The headquarters li-brary should makeavailable specialiststo member librariesand through them resi-dents of the systemarea.


la. In addition to locating ishould utilize the resour

lb. Each member library shou!brary.

lc. Each public library should provide telephone informat.

Id. Copying equipment Id. Copying equipment shouldshould be provided in rant.

the headquarters li-brary for individualuse and for duplica-tion of single copiesof materials in orderto give maximum ser-vice to the public*within the restric-tions of the copy-right law.

d provide informational, bibliographical, and reference/research services.

ers li-rovide1 aid,td refer-

services3f theither di-,ugh mem-.

Large Community Library Community library Small Community Library

la. In addition to locating information in local resources, each member libraryshould utilize the resources of the headquarters library.

.rs lb. Each member library should utilize the specialist staff of the headquarters li-ake brary..ialists-cries

tem resi-

,ystem

brary should provide telephone information service during all hours of opening.

mmntided in_Ts li-vidualAplica-- copiesn orderum Ser-

Ablictric-

itopy-

Id. Copying equipment should be provided in each member library as local needs war-rant.

Principle D. The public library system should provide a positive program of individuational, and recreational materials.

Standards:

System

1. Each system shouldhave a coordinatedindividual and groupprogram, includingstaff specialists,resource materials,and appropriateequipment.

7


la. The headquarters li-brary should takeleadership in initiat-ing needed guidanceand educational pro-grams and should as-sist member librariesin providing theseservices through staffspecialists, resourcematerials, and appro-priate equipment.

Large Community Library C,

la. Each member library shouldquarters library.

lb. Each public library should provide guidance in the choreading guidance and counsel, annotated lists and maclections.

lc. Each public library within the framework of its own prappropriate activities for all age groups. Examples olectures, storytelling, special subject programs, play

Id. The headquarters li-brary should makeavailable to resi-dents of the systemarea and to its mem-ber libraries thelearning opportuni-ties provided throughmass communicationsystems such as theeducational telephonenetwork (ETN), radio

Id. Each member library shouldmass communication systemsadditional local ones when

SERVICE - 23

d provide a positive program of individual and group guidance in using informational, educe-'els.

ary

. ers 11--take

initiat-idanceNal pro-uld as-ibreries

theseugh staffresourced appro-ant.


la. Each member library should utilize the guidance service provided by the head-quarters library.

ibrary should provide guidance in the choice and use of library materials through individualmce and counsel, annotated lists and reading courses, displays, and selected materials col-

ibrary wirtivltiesTytelling

ers 11-make-est-

systemmem-

the.tuni-throughtions thelephoneradio

thin the framework of its own program should present, inside or outside thefor all age groups. Examples of such activities are film programs, book to

, special subject programs, play reading, and reading improvement programs.

Id. Each member library should utilize the learning opportunities providedmass communication systems, available at the headquarters library, andadditional local ones when warranted.

library,lks,

throughprovide

24 - SERVICE

Standards:


and television broad-casting in all itsforms (closed circuit,cable, et al.).

Large Community Library C

Principle E. The public library system should serve individuals and groups with spec

Standards:

System Large Community Library

1. Each system shouldhave a planned programof services to indi-viduals and groupswith special needs,including use of spe-cialized staff, ma-terials, and tech-niques.


la. The headquarters li-brary should be re-sponsible for initiat-ing services to meetspecial needs of in-dividuals within thesystem area, includ-ing use of special-ized staff, materials,and techniques. It

should support theefforts of member li-braries and provideaccess to servicesavailable from state-wide resource li-braries.

lb. Each public library shoubound, and institutionalmay be available in the

la. Each member library shoutgroups with special needresources.

Id provide access to special.ized, the aging, the disadvanlibrary or outside the librar

pry

broad-its

circuit,


serve individuals and groups with special needs.

pry

Irs li-

e re-initiat-meet

of in-in thenclud-

terials,. It

thefiber li-

ovideicesstate-li-


la. Each member librarygroups with specialresources.


should provide direct personal contact with individuals andneeds, and guide its users to the system and state-level

brary should provide access to specialized services and resources for the handicapped, home-titutionalized, the aging, the disadvantaged, and others with special needs. Such service

le in the library or outside the library or in conjunction with other concerned agencies.

Principle F. The public library system should provide services and materials for org4

Standards:

System

1. Each system shouldhave a planned programof services within thescope of library ob-jectives to organiza-tions, agencies, andinstitutions.


la. The headquarters li-brary should be re-sponsible for coordi-nating and initiatingneeded services andmaintaining up-to-dateinformation on system-wide organizations,agencies, and institu-tions and should sup-port the efforts ofmember libraries.


la. Each member library shou'nations, agencies, and in

lb. Each public library should provide guidance and counsmaterials, methods, and facilities.

lc. Each public library should cosponsor and cooperate inagencies, and institutions which are appropriate to 1provision of books and materials; when possible, gulch

Principle G. The public likr.ry system should maintain well planned hours of service

Standards:

System

1. Each library in a sys-tem should be open forpublic service on afixed schedule. Hoursshould be determinedwhich will be conve-nient for all personsto use; this includesevenings, and, if

necessary, Sundays.


la. The headquarters li-brary should be openat least 69 hours perweek. If local condi-tions warrant, thehours may be reducedIn the summer.

lb. In each public library,


la. The large communitylibrary should be openat least 69 hours perweek. If local condi-tions warrant, thehours may be reducedin the summer.

a full range of services shou

SERVICE - 25

provide services and materials for organizations, agencies, and institutions.


s la. Each member library should maintain up-to-date information on community organi-. re- zations, agencies, and institutions and should utilize the system resources.toordi-.lating

andto -date

system-ons,

nstitu-d sup-.s of

0.

wary should provide guidance and counsel on program planning, including resource persons,rods, and facilities.

wary should cosponsor and cooperate in programs and activities withnstitutions which are appropriate to library objectives. Cooperatiocks and materials; when possible, guidance and stimulation in their

community organizations,n may be limited to theuse should be provided.

maintain well planned hours of service.

y Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

s la. The large community la. The community library la. The small community li-

open library should be open should be open at brary should be open no

irs per at least 69 hours per least 56 hours per less than 25 hours per

condi- week. If local condi- week. If local condi- week.

the tions warrant, the Lions warrant, the

duced hours may be reducedin the summer.

hours may be reducedin the summer.

library, a full range of services should be available whenever the library is open.

26 - SERVICE

Principle H. Good systemwide library service requires an effective public informat:

Standards:

System

I. Each system shouldhave a coordinatedand funded publicinformation programWhich is reviewedperiodically toascertain its ef-fectiveness.


la. The headquarters li-brary should be re-sponsible for develop-ment of a strong pub-lic information pro-gram in cooperationwith all types of li-braries in its areaas well as its mem-ber libraries. In

addition, the head-quarters libraryshould utilize theresources of stateand/or national pub-lic informationprograms.

C

la. Each member librarythat are available to it,

lb. Each public library should have.a specific program tcstandable way about library services, activities, ani:cations and information pieces, book lists, popular rand spot announcements.

e requires an effective public information program.

try Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

erq II- la. Each member library should take full advantage of public information servicesre- that are available to it, adapting as may be necessary.

develop-3rly pub-

)n pro-ation

is of li-

s areas mem-. In

head -

try

thestate

1 pub -

in

ibrary should have a specific program to inform its community in an interesting and under-about library services, activities, and collections, through displays and exhibits, publi-

nformation pieces, book lists, popular reports, newspapers, television and radio programs,

lncements.

SYSTEMWIDE MATERIALS AND THEIR ORGANIZATION

INTRODUCTION

Materials held by any one library system are not con-

ceived as being so exhaustive or so complete that no

need exists for interchange between systems, higher

levels of state resources, or access to special mate-

rials in out-of-state collections.

Indeed if a library system functions well, it should

generate responses from a proportion of its clientele

for more and more sophisticated and specialized mate-

rials not necessarily the province of a local system m

collection.

This section sets forth certain guidelines or stan-

dards for building and strengthening the materials

resources of public library systems so that the rec-

reational, educational, and research needs of the

citizens of Wisconsin can be better met by all li-

braries within the system boundaries.

It also states

broad principles which should be followed to make

these materials, regardless of form, readily available

throughout the system by effective organization and re-

trieval methods.

Basic materials needs will be common to all systems.

The need for effective organization of these materials

is also a common denominator for providing good service.

Beyond these needs that are common to all systems, there

will be variances in the sophistication of organization

and retrieval depending on socioeconomic factors, mate-

rials

resources already existent in the system area, and

expressed and potential interests of the area.

Percentages used in these materials standards are based

on U.S. Census Bureau gross population figures for the

state.

Each library will need to look at its own service

area and adjust materials percentages accordingly.

28 - SYSTEMWIDE MATERIALS AND THEIR ORGANIZATION

IV. SYSTEMWIDE MATERIALS AND THEIR ORGANIZATION

Principle A. The public library system should develop and set policy for the selectit fulfills its service objectives.

Standards:


1. Each system should Ia. The headquarters li-have a written policythat defines purposes,principles, and cri-teria for selectionand maintenance of allforms of media. Allmaterials should beselected and retainedor discarded in keep-ing with this policy.

2. Annual budget ailoca-tion for materialsshould reflect systemobjectives and thebasic needs of thearea.

brary should assistin formulating ofsystem policy and beresponsible for ad-ministering it.

lb. The headquarters li-brary should work withthe other libraries tocoordinate the materi-als selection, acqui-sition, and mainte-nance policies of thelibraries in the sys-tem.

lc. Each public library should ha.e a written statementits collection. This statement should include the pthe institution's position on supplying resources on

2. In each public library the annual allocation for thethe library and the basic needs of all age groups in

Id develop and set policy for the selection and maintenance of the materials collection so thatives.

rary

Hers 11-assistJg of

and beor ad-t.

:ers 11-work withraries to,e meter!-

, acqui-einte-s of thethe sys-


ibrary should have a written statement of policy covering the selection and maintenance of. This statement should include the purposes, describe the scope of the collection, affirmm's position on supplying resources on controversial subjects.

: library the annual allocation for the materials collection should reflect the objectives ofId the basic needs of all age groups in the community.

Principle B. The public library system should provide a wide range of materials, with*the points of view of the residents of the area.

Standards:

System

1. Each system shouldprovide both printand nonprint materi-als, including, butnot limited to,books, periodicals,newspapers, films,and audio-units.

2. As new forms aredeveloped theyshould be acquiredby the system fortesting, familiariza-tion, and evalua-tion. When theirvalue appears appro-priate and useful,they should beadded to the col-lection in suffi-cient quantity tomeet needs.

Headquarters Library Large Community Library Com

1. Each public library should provide collections of both

2a. The headquarters li-brary should acceptresponsibility forexperimenting with .

materials in newforms as they aremade available.

2b. The headquarters li-brary should providea pool of materialsin new forms andnecessary hardwarefor effective use ofsuch materials formember libraries.

2a-b. Each member library shoutin the newer media for use

3. Each system should 3. All collections of currently useful books and nonbook rnbuild a collection of potential needs of individuals, organizations, and agecurrently useful booksand nonbook materialsto achieve the systempurposes and meet theexpressed and poten-tial needs of the

SYSTEMWIDE MATERIALS AND THEIR ORGANIZATION - 29

ovide a wide range of materials, without regard to form, to meet the needs, interests, and:s of the area.


ary should provide collections of both print and nonprint materials.

11- 2a-b. Each member library should avail itself of the acquired materials and hardware

.ept in the newer media for use in its community.Orth

e

li-

Adeals

ire

: ofor

)f currently useful books and nonbook materials should be built to meet the expressed andof individuals, organizations, and agencies in the community.


Standards:

System

residents of the sys-tem area, includingthose materials de-signed to meet spe-cialized needs onall levels.

4. Each system shouldprovide the means forthe member librariesto evaluate and selectmaterials for theirown collections.

5. Each system collectionshould contain oppos-ing views on contro-versial topics.


4a. The headquarters li-brary should makeavailable to memberlibraries the widestvariety of selectiontools, including na-tionally recognizedguides to qualitymaterials and otherspecialized appro-priate resources forutilization in selec-tion and evaluationof the collection inall public libraries.

4b.


4a.

The collection in each publuser and potential users onauthor, and the effectivene

5. The collection of the 5.

headquarters libraryshould contain variedviewpoints on compli-cated and controver-sial topics of a fac-tual or imaginativenature, including new,

The large communitylibrary should haveavailable a wide va-riety of selectiontools, includingspecialized biblio-graphic resourcescovering subjectsfrequently requested.In addition, itshould make use ofthe tools held by theheadquarters library.

1c library should containthe basis of the value a

ss of presentation and fc

The large community librbrary should hold meter!,ions which apply to thethere is concern in theuse of materials represson the greatest possible

rary Large Community Library

ters li-makemember

e widestelectionding na-gnized

al ity

d otherappro-rces forin selec-luation:tion inibraries.

4a. The large communitylibrary should haveavailable a wide va-riety of selectiontools, includingspecialized biblio-graphic resourcescovering subjectsfrequently requested.In addition, itshould make use ofthe tools held by theheadquarters library.


4a. The community library and the small community li-brary should own basic selection and reviewingtools and should make use of any of the headquarterslibrary tools in building its collection.

)n in each public library should contain materials which have been selected for the libraryential users on the basis of the value and significance of the subject, the authority of thethe effectiveness of presentation and format.

)n of thelibrary

!n variedcompli-

ltrover-

>f a fac-:nativeiding new,

5. The large community library and the community li-brary should hold materials on the various opin-ions which apply to the subjects about whichthere is concern in the community and should makeuse of materials representing varied viewpointson the greatest possible variety of subjects.

5. The small community li-brary should make use ofmaterials representingvaried viewpoints on thegreatest possible varietyof subjects.

Standards:

System Headquarters Library Large Community Library Ca

6. Each system shouldprovide extensivematerials for thereference and re-search needs of theresidents of thesystem area, andshould provide re-sources in fieldsof special interestVD its area.

7. Each system shouldmake provision forstorage and retrievalof materials, which,though seldom used,are important forhistorical or re-search purposes.

unpopular, and unor-thodox positions onthe greatest possiblevariety of subjects.

6. The headquarters li-brary should provideextensive materialsfor the reference andresearch needs of itsarea and should haveaccess to other li-braries for seldom-used and specializedmaterials.

7a. The headquarters li-brary should houseitems held within thesystem but needed onlyoccasionally by in-dividual libraries inthe system. Materialsnot deemed useful tothe system but whichhave historical andresearch value shouldbe offered to a statedepository.

6. Basic reference and researsubjects of interest to thiferred to the headquarters

7b. Each public library should make use of specialized matwhich the system has contractual arrangements and with


ry Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

unor-arts on

ossiblejects.

ors li- 6. Basic reference and research materials should be provided in a full range ofIrovide subjects of interest to the community. More specialized needs should be re-trials ferred to the headquarters library for additional materials and research.ance andof its

d havetr. 11-

'dam-alized

Ars H-ouse:hin theded onlyy in-Ties inaterialsful towhich1 andshould

a state

.,rary should make use of specialized materials available in other types of libraries withem has contractual arrangements and with state, regional, and national resources.


Principle C. The public library system should provide materials in sufficient quanti

Standards:


1. The total book collec- la.

tions of all librariesin the system shouldcontain resources ofat least two to fourvolumes per capita.Systems with smaller lb.

populations shouldcontain more than theminimum.

2. Annual minimum acqui-sitions for the sys-tem should be no lessthan 1 volume forevery 6 personsserved; systems over500,000, 1 volumefor every 8 personsserved.

Currently useful books in the headquarters li-brary, and in a large community library not serv-ing as a systems headquarters, should be atleast 2 volumes per capita for their own com-munity services or 100,000, whichever is greater.

Additional volumesshould be acquired totake care of deple-tion of headquartersstock and for bulkloans to member li-braries if needed.

lc. The headquarters li-brary should alsomaintain a collectionof older standard aswell as new fictiontitles.

ld. In each public library the book collection should bechildren within any given community.

2a. Each public library should add annually at least 1 vo

2b. Adult books should equal approximately 75% of the 2

annual acquisitions; of these approximately 10%should be chosen specifically for young adults.About three-fourths of the acquisitions should benonfiction.

provide materials in sufficient quantity to meet the needs of the system area.

try Large Community Library Community Library

'ul books in the headquarters li-a large community library not serv-arts headquarters, should be ats per capita for their own com-s or 100,000, whichever is greater.

umesfired to

'eple-

Jartersbulkr

:rs

lso

lectionard as.ction

la. Currently usefulbooks in the com-munity libraryshould be at least2 volumes per per-son served, or30,000, whicheveris greater.


la. Currently useful booksin the small communitylibrary should be atleast 2 volumes per per-son served, or 10,000,whichever is greater.

: library the book collection should be balanced to meet the needs of adults, young adults, and

n any given community.

brary should add annually at least 1 volume for every 6 persons in its own community.

could equal approximately 75% of the 2b.

'dons; of these approximately 10%en specifically for young adults.urths of the acquisitions should be

Adult books should equal approximately 75% of theannual acquisitions; of these approximately 10%should be chosen specifically for young adults.About two-thirds of the acquisitions should be non-fiction.

Standards:

System Headquarters Library Large Community Library C%

2c. Additions of children's books should equal approximatl

3. Each system shouldhave available inthe service area atleast 1 periodicalsubscription foreach 100 persons.

2d. Duplicates and addi-tional titles shouldbe added to headquar-ters library in suf-ficient quantity tomeet the needs of Itsown community andthat of the system.

3a. The headquarters li-brary should annuallyprovide 1 periodicaltitle for each 100persons in its commu-nity, plus duplica-tion and additionaltitles for systemuse. Appropriateback files should bemaintained in themost economic anduseful form, includ-ing microform. Theheadquarters libraryshould provide abroad range of index-ing services, includ-ing the more special-ized indexes not ex-pected to be heldlocally.

2d. Each member library shoutquarters library, but showdemand.

3a. The large communitylibrary should holdthe periodicals whichare indexed in theReaders' Guide un-abridged, with addi-tional appropriateselections from spe-cialized pericdicalsindexes. Specializedindexes should beheld and periodicalback files retainedaccording to need.The large communitylibrary should uti-lize provisions foruse of the headquar-ters library collec-tion for those peri-odicals and indexesnot held locally.

3a

3b. Each public library should hold periodicals of state a



:hildren's books should equal approximately 25% of the annual acquisitions.

addi-,should

adquar-n suf-ty toof its

andstem.

rs

,dical

100commu-!Ica-tonal

gem

ate

Id besheInd

nclud-Thebrarya

index-nciud-ecial-Z.- ex-

Id

2d. Each member library should utilize provisions for loan of materials from head-quarters library, but should own those titles which are in current and constantdemand.

3a. The large communitylibrary should holdthe periodicals whichare indexed in theReaders' Guide un-abridged, with addi-tional appropriateselections from spe-cialized periodicalsindexes. Specializedindexes should beheld and periodicalback files retainedaccording to need.The large communitylibrary should uti-lize provisions foruse of the headquar-ters library collec-tion for those peri-odicals and indexesnot held locally.

3a. The community library 3a.should hold the peri-odicals which are in-dexed in the Readers'Guide unabridged7MT-additional ap-propriate selectionsfrom specialized pe-riodicals indexes.Periodical back filesshould be retained ac-cording to need. Thecommunity libraryshould utilize provi-sions for use of theheadquarters collec-tion for those peri-odicals and special-ized indexes not heldlocally.

The small community li-brary should hold a mini-mum of 20 periodicalswhich are indexed in

Readers'Wandrcluded in family sub-scriptions. Periodicalback files should be re-tained according to use.The small community li-brary should utilize pro-visions for use of theheadquarters library col-lection for those peri-odicals and specializedindexes not held locally.

rary should hold periodicals of state and special regional and local interest.


Standards:

System

4. Each system collectionshould contain thepertinent local, re-gional newspapers andnationally recognizednewspapers.

5. Each system shouldprovide access to agovernment documentscollection.


4. The collection ofnewspapers for z3eheadquarters libraryshould include localpapers, regional pa-pers, and at least 5nationally recognizednewspapers, one ofwhich has its owncomplete index.Files of significantnewspapers should beretained on micro-form.

5. The headquarters li-brary should be astate documents de-pository and also aselective UnitedStates Governmentdocuments depositoryor have reasonablyconvenient access toone. The headquar-ters library shouldalso acquire localand internationaldocuments on a selec-tive but systematicbasis.


4. The collection ofnewspapers in a largecommunity libraryshould include the lo-cal, regional, andnationally recognizednewspapers. Backfiles of both signifi-cant and local news-papers should be re-tained on microform.

5. Each member library shoo_headquarters library and

Iry Large Community Library

ofthe

librarylocal

al pa-least 5:ognizedne ofown

!ficant

)uld be_cro-

Irs 11-

e a,7s de-

lso aed

mentIsitoryably:ess to'quer-ihould

ocal,na 1

selec-mnatic

4. The collection ofnewspapers in a largecommunity libraryshould include the lo-cal, regional, andnationally recognizednewspapers. Backfiles of both signifi-cant and local news-papers should be re-tained on microform.

Community Library

4. The collection ofnewspapers in a com-munity libraryshould include thelocal and regionalnewspapers and anationally recog-nized newspaper.Back files of localpapers should be re-tained on microform.


4. The collection of news-papers in a small com-munity library shouldinclude the local andregional newspapers.Back files of localpapers should be re-tained on microform.

5. Each member library should utilize the documents collection available at theheadquarters library and should acquire selected documents to meet local demand.

Standards:

System

6. Each system shouldprovide a film col-lection for systemuse. The systemshould own thosefilms which are de-manded consistentlyin the system area.


6. The headquarters li-brary in a systemshould be able toprovide extensiveinformation aboutfilms and shouldhave access to aswide a collectionof films as possiblethrough:

7. A collection of audio- 7.

units, such as tapes,cassettes, and discs,should be maintainedfor circulation withinthe system.

a. Membership instate or regionalfilm circuit

b. Rental agreementswith major filmlibraries

c. A basic permanentcollection of care-fully selectedfilms to meet con-sistent system de-mand.

The headquarters li-brary should have atleast 5,000 audio-units, such as discs,tapes, cassettes, etal.. not includingduplicates for its ownand system's use, withreplacements and addi-tions at the rate of10-15% annually.

Large Community Library Com

6. The large community and com

a. Provide information aboub. Have access to films thr

library in a systemc. Maintain an individual m

circuit if needed.

7. The large communitylibrary should haveat least 3,000 au-dio-units, discs,tapes, and cassettesin its collection,and borrow as neededfrom the headquarterslibrary.

7.

ry

rs 1i-temtoive

out

Id

asion

ssible

in

tonal

ements-ilm

manent)f care--ed

t con-:em de-

's H-ive at

io-

discs,s, eting

its owne, withId addi-

te of



6. The large community and community library should: 6. The small community li-brary should:

a. Provide information about filmsb. Have access to films through the headquarters

library in a systemc. Maintain an individual membership in a film

circuit if needed.

7. The large communitylibrary should haveat least 3,000 au-dio-units, discs,tapes, and cassettesin its collection,and borrow as neededfrom the headquarterslibrary.

7. The community li-brary should have atleast 1,000 audio-units, discs, tapes,and cassettes in itscollection, and bor-row as needed fromthe headquarters li-brary.

a. Provide informationabout films

b. Have access to filmsthrough the headquar-ters library in asystem.

7. The small community li-brary should have atleast 500 audio-unitsin its collection andshould borrow as neededfrom the headquarterslibrary.


Standards:

System Headquartersjibrary Large Community Library

Headquarters libraryshould maintain thecollection for cir-culation within thesystem.

8. Each system shouldprovide other appro-priate AV materials,such as filmstrips,slides, art repro-ductions.

9. Each system shouldassure that basicand supplementalequipment necessaryfor utilizing non-book materials ismade easily avail-able.

8. The headquarters li-brary should have acollection of film-strips, slides, artreproductions, andother AV materials insufficient quantityto meet its own com-munity and system de-mands.

9. The headquarters li-brary should maintaina central pool ofvarious AV equipmentto be used by memberlibraries and generalpublic within the sys-tem area. This wouldinclude such items asfilm projectors, rec-ord players, tape re-corders, etc.

8. Each member library shoal.demand and borrow other.

9. The large community librbrary should own thosewhich are necessary forlar nonbook items mainta'should draw as needed upcfor those items not own*

-ary Large Community Library

libraryin theT cir-in the

ATS 11-have afilm-

s, art, andriais inantitymn com-stem de-

li-maintain1 of

-ipmentmembergeneralthe sys-is woulditems asrs, rec-tape re-


8. Each member library should maintain a collection of AV materials to meet localdemand and borrow other AV materials as needed from the system collection.

9. The large community library and the community li- 9.

brary should own those items of AV equipmentwhich are necessary for utilizing the more popu-lar nonbook items maintained in that library. It

should draw as needed upon the system collectionfor those items not owned locally

The small community li-brary should own thoseItems that local demandsmake economically feasi-ble, and should utilizethe system collection forother needs.

Principle D. Materials collections should be examined systematically for the removaluseful or appropriate materials.

Standards:

System

1. Each system shouldoutline an orderlyand coordinated pro-cedure for discard-ing materials nolonger useful.

Headquarters Library Large Community Library Con

la. Withdrawals made at any level should be offered to thebefore they are destroyed.

lb. The headquarters li-brary should be a de-pository for materi-als useful for his-torical or research .

purposes.

Principle E. The system should develop adequate procedures for organization of librarand readily.

1. Each system should la.

provide centralizedacquisition, catalog-ing, and preparationof materials for thesmall community li-braries within itsarea and for thoselarger community li-braries who wishthese services.

The headquarters li-brary should exerciseleadership in planningthe methods and meansfor providing central-ized acquisition,cataloging, and pro-cessing of materials,and be responsiblefor administering theprogram either withinthe system or by con-tract.

lb. The headquarters li-brary should be ableto give accurate in-formation on status..tf orders to each

Abrary.

la. The large community librarbrary should participate wlibrary in the planning angram for acquisition, catsof materials, and, whenevermake use of these centrali


xamined systematically for the removal of out-of-date, physically worn-out, and no longer

'Y Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

e at any level should be offered to the next higher echelon of resources for examinationdestroyed.

s li-

a de-teri-his-arch

: procedures for organization of library materials so that they may be utilized effectively

s 11- la. TI large community library and the community 11-ercise brary should participate with the headquarters!arming library in the planning and developing of a pro-means gram for acquisition, cataloging, and processing

entral- of materials, and, whenever advantageous, shouldn, make use of these centralized services.pro--leis,

le

ig the

withincon-

li-

ablein-

tus

la. The small community li-brary should make use ofthese centralized ser-vices for the acquisi-tion, cataloging, andprocessing of materials.


Standards:

System

2. The system shouldprovide some meansof showing system-wide holdings.


lc. Materials should bedelivered to memberlibraries In shelf-ready condition.


Id. Each public library should organize its materials copublic library and the staff.

2. The headquarters 1i- 2.

brary should maintainthose records thatwould make informa-tion on systemwideholdings availableefficiently andrapidly.

The large community 11brbrary that do not particized acquisition or procinformation on their ho'headquarters library.

Library Large Community Library

should beto memberin shelf-

ditlon.


is library should organize its materials collections to that they are easily located by both theCrary and the staff.

uarters ii- 2.

uld maintainords that:e informa-

ystemwideavailablely and

The large community library and community li-brary that do not participate in either central-ized acquisition or processing should submit suchinformation on their holdings as requested by theheadquarters library.

In a very real sense, when the public measures its

library by the service it receives, it is measur-

ing the competency of the staff, because it is the

personnel of a library that determines the effec-

tiveness of the library's services.

Because of the interdependence of libraries in a

library system, it is essential that able people

are employed throughout the entire complex.

Other-

wise, the system falls short of giving the service

expected by the public.

Therefore, the library

boards of the system and member libraries have an

obligation to the public to employ well qualified

and competent personnel.

Since much has been written about library organi-

zation and personnel practices, it is sufficient

PERSONNEL

INTRODUCTION

here only to stress the importance of a good per-

sonnel policy and good personnel management in

every library.

With the backing of these the li-

brary's administration will be in a position to re-

cruit, develop, and hold personnel capable of de-

signing and carrying out a good service program.

Maximum performance by a staff can be achieved only

when its job satisfaction and morale are high.

Contributing to these factors are good working con-

ditions and salary schedules, Job security, employee

benefits, good communication among staff and with

administration, opportunity for advancement, and a

sufficient number of employees to carry out the li-

brary's program.

The standards that follow serve as a guide for per-

sonnel administration.

40 - PERSONNEL

V. PERSONNEL

Principle A. Public library system personnel shoed- beof sufficient number and comp

Standards:

System Headquarters Library Large Community Library C

1. The total number of la.

personnel, excludingmaintenance, in a sys-tem complex, shouldbe no less than onefull-time staff mem-ber (or equivalent)per each 2,000 peoplein the system area.The ratio of nonpro-fessional employeesto professional, in-cluding paraprofes-sional, should be twoto one. Professionalpersonnel should re-flect specialitiesin the various as-pects of the system-wide program.

The headquarters li-brary of a systemshould have one ex-per i enced professional

librarian in each ofthe following aspectsof library service:

administrationextension and coor-

dination of sys-tem services

information and ad-visory servicefor adults

information and ad-visory servicefor young adults

information and ad-visory servicefor children

organization andcontrol of mate-rials

and subject special-ists as needed. Thereshould be an adequatenumber of additionalprofessional and para-professional librari-ans to meet the de-mands upon the libraryand a supporting staffof library assistants

la. The large communitylibrary should beunder the directionof a professional li-brarian experiencedin administration.Each of the library'smajor service areasshould be in thecharge of a profes-sional librarian.There should be anadequate number ofadditional profes-sional/paraprofes-sional librarians tomeet the demands uponthe library and asupporting staff oflibrary assistantsand clerical person-nel.

I should be of sufficient number and competence to assure effective library service.

.ary

ters ii-

'stem7ne ex--jfessional

each ofaspects

ervice:=ion

Ind coor-of sys-ices

and ad-awices

and ad-:twice

adultsand ad-

ery ice

'ren

:-. and

. mate-

pecial-W. Thereadequateitional

and para-librari-.he de-

= library.ing staff:istants


la. The !arge communitylibrary should beunder the directionof a professional li-brarian experiencedin administ.ation.Each of the library'smajor service areasshould be in thecharge of a profes-sional librarian.There should be anadequate number ofadditional profes-sional/paraprofes-sional librarians tomeet the demands uponthe library and asupporting staff oflibrary assistantsand clerical person-nel.


la. The community library la. The small community li-should be headed by a brary should be headedprofessional librari- by a person whose train-an. There should bean adequate number ofadditional profession-al/paraprofessionallibrarians to meet thedemands upon the li-brary and a supportingstaff of library as-sistants and clericalpersonnel.

ing in library scienceis at least equivalentto the public librarycourse offered by theUniversity of Wisconsin-Extension. Additionalfull-time personnel, asneeded, should havetraining equivalent tothe same course.

Standards:

System

2. Whenever there isneed for establish-ing positions re-quiring professionalservices in disci-plines other thanlibrary to carry outthe library systemprogram, personnelshould be employedwho are qualifiedand competent intheir professionswith the abilityto apply their spe-ciality within thelibrary function.


and clerical person-nel.

Large Community Library Cot

lb. Professional and spe- lb. The member library staff scialized personnel from the headquarters librshould be availablefor guidance and con-sultation to thestaff of communitylibraries and to as-sist in carrying outspecial systemwideprojects at the com-munity level.

2. The headquarters li- 3. Each member library shouldbrary should employ professionals employed byprofessionals indiscipline other thanlibrary when neces-sary to carry out thesystem program.

PERSONNEL - 41


rson-

id spe- lb. The member library staff should utilize the guidance and assistance availablemel from the headquarters library.ableid con-eityo as-g outfide

COW*

1 t-

,y

= than

:es-ut the

3. Each member library should avail itself of the services/counsel of nonlibraryprofessionals employed by the headquarters when such assistance is necessary.

42 - PERSONNEL

Standards:

System

3. All staff positionsof a paraprofessionaland clerical naturein the system complexshould be filled bypersons with thequalifications andskills necessary tocarry out the dutiesand responsibilitiesof those positions.

4. There should be asystemwide programof in-service train-ing for personnel toinsure a continuinghigh level of staffperformance.


4a.

4b.

The headquarters li-brary should formu-late and administerthe systemwide in-service trainingprogram.


In a federated system, each public library should masystemwide in-service training program, and, in add!nel.

Principle B. All staff members in a system complex should have conditions of employmorale.

Standards:

System

1. Each system's person-nel policies andpractices should becodified, periodicallyreviewed, and madeavailable to all staffmembers.


Ia. The headquarters li-brary should codifysystem personnelpolicies and practicesand keep the code upto date.

rary Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

-ters 11-formu-

.inisterde in-'ning

:ed system, each public library should make provision for its personnel to participate in the'n-service training program, and, in addition, provide in-service training for its own person-

complex should have conditions of employment that contribute to job satisfaction and high

rary

ters 11-codify

mmelpracticescode up


Standards:

System

2. Employment withina system shouldconstitute a careerservice which pro-vides opportunityfor advancement.

3. All employees withina system should workwithin a positionclassification plan

Headquarters Library Large Community Library Coo

lb. In a federated system, lb. In a federated system, eachthe public library, cies and practices and keepdesignated as the sys- of the system as a basis fotem headquarters,should correlate itspersonnel policies andpractices with thoseof the system so thatboth the system head-quarters and the pub-lic library personnelhave the same condi-tions of employment.

lc. The headquarters li-brary should distrib-ute copies of the per-sonnel policies andpractices code to itsemployees, and, in afederated system, tothe public libraries.

lc. In a federated system, eachsonnet policies and practicters library.

2a. Within and between the system libraries, there should b

2b. Appointments and promotions of personnel in all librarifor race, sex, marital status, national origin, politic

3a. The systemwide position classification plan should be alshould be clearly defined and differentiated in terms o

3b. Within reasonable limits, Juties and responsibilities s

ystem,rye sys-

its

es andhosethat

head-pub-Anal

11-

trib-e per-and

its

in a

to-les.

Large Community Library Community Library

lb. In a federated system, each member library shouldcies and practices and keep the code up to date.of the system as a basis for developing its own.

PERSONNEL - 43


codify their personnel poll-Each library should use those

lc. In a federated system, each member library should distribute copies of its per-sonnel policies and practices code to its employees and file with the headquar-ters library.

en the system libraries, there should be a clear ladder of advancement for qualified people.

promotions of personnel in all libraries should be on the basis of merit, without regard)rital status, national origin, political opinions, or religious beliefs.

)sition classification plan should be adopted by all system member libraries. The plandefined and differentiated in terms of job requirements, duties, and responsibilities.

limits, duties and responsibilities should be assigned consistent with classification.

44 - PERSONNEL

Standards:

System

which provides fordefined levels ofemployment to theend that service re-sponsibilities maybe conducted withefficiency and econo-my.

4. Appropriate salaryprovisions, relatedto the defined levelsof employment withinthe classificationplan, should be pro-vided.

5. Personnel policiesshould include thefollowing employeebenefits:Comfortable workingconditions; par-ticipation inWisconsin EmployeesRetirement andSocial Security;


4a. A systemwide pay scale based on the position classif'braries to provide for equitable compensation throug

4b. The difference between the minimum and maximum of ealow for adequate salary increments.

4c. Pay scales should be reviewed annually.

4d. Professional salaries should be comparable with thossional employees is done at that level.

4e. Nonprofessional personnel should receive pay comparein the system area.

4f. There should be a specified probationary period for

5a, The headquarters li-brary should admin-ister the personnelpolicies as adoptedfor system staff.

5b. In a federated system, each public library administe

ary Large Community Library Community Library Small Community Library

pay scale based on the position classification plan should be adopted by all system member li-vvide for equitable compensation throughout the system for the same levels of responsibility.

.e between the minimum and maximum of each range in the pay scale should be substantial to el-

ate salary increments.

ould be reviewed annually.

salaries should be comparable with those on the national level, because recruiting for profes-

tees is done at that level.

gal personnel should receive pay comparable to that for similar work under similar conditions

area.

be a specified probationary period for employees.

.ers li-

admin-'sonnel

dopted

system, each public library administers the personnel policies for its personnel.

Standards:


vacation and sickleave allowance;protection againstdischarge or demo-tion without ade-quate cause and fairhearing; leaves ofabsence for studyand travel; atten-dance with pay atlibrary and library-related meetings,workshops, insti-tutes.


PERSONNEL - 45


PHYSICAL FACILITIES

INTRODUCTION

The public library is a service organization com-

mitted to serve people; therefore, the physical

facility needs to exemplify the spirit of service.

It should be a building (or part of a

building)

which adequately meets the physical requirements

of modern, aggressive library service.

The li-

brary should be located where the citizens can

readily use it in the course of their daily

liv-

ing.

The exterior should be a compelling invi-

tation for people to enter, read, listen, and

view.

It should be possible for all people, re-

gardless of age or physical limitations, to use

the library without difficulties.

It should be

designed to provide for maximum year-round com-

fort.

This includes designing the building so

mechanical means of heating, cooling, ventilating,

and lighting are supplemental to natural sources.

These standards apply to any library

regardless

of whether it is a building solely designed as

a library, rented space

in a commercial building,

or space converted fromanother purpose.

Since each Wisconsin community maintaining a

li-

brary facility has different needs, no attempt

has been made to include specific standards

for

the design or size of the facility.

This infor-

mation is readily available in other publications,

particularly those published by the American

Li-

brary Association.

Wisconsin laws require all public buildings,

in-

cluding libraries, to comply with fire,

safety,

sanitary, and other applicable rules as promul-

gated in the Wisconsin Administrative Code.

VI. PHYSICAL FACILITIES

Principle A. The location and design of.a public library facility should enhance and f

Standards:


1- Each system should as-31. sum responsibility

for long-range facili-ty planning and giveadvice on physicalfacilities to itsmember libraries.

Planning_

1. The-headquarters li-brary should assessthe physical facili-ties of the librariesin the system to de-termine their adequacyin meeting the presentand future needs ofthe area served.

1. Each member library shouldtheir facilities and to keitowards improved facilities

2a.When a municipality in a federated system is planning aheadquarters library should act as an advisory consult*ficials, and the architect.

2b.When a consolidated system is financing a new or improvstaff should advise the system board of their needs and

3. All library facilities should be planned and maintainedimposing landmarks.

Locationac public library should be in a location which ear*

activities. Attention should be given to pedestrian anyavailable.

5. The headquarters li-brary, in addition toits convenient loca-tion for local resi-dents, should also be

PHYSICAL FACILITIES - 47

c library facility should enhance and further the service programs of the library.


1. Each member library should assist the headquarters library in the inventory ofess their facilities and to keep the system informed of its needs and progress

towards improved facilities.iries

de--quacy

'esentof

ty in a federated system is planning and financing a new or improved library facility, thelary should act as an advisory consultant to the local library board, the staff, local of-architect.

:ed system is financing a new or improved library facility, the local officials and libraryse the system board of their needs and concerns.

_sties should be planned and maintained to express the services of the library and not ass.

pry should be in a location which attracts numbers of people in the course of their dailyntion should be given to pedestrian and automobile traffic, and to mass transit where

c 13



located so that peo-

ple in the system

area can drive to it

easily.

Community Library


6. Each public library should have adequate parking on or near the library site.

Size

7. The facility should be large enough to accommodate effectively the services of the library, and should allow

for economical and efficient expansion when necessary,

or possible conversion for other purposes if no

longer suitable for the library's program of services.

8. The headquarters li-

brary should be large

enough to house in

one building the full

range of services to

the users and member

libraries.

This in-

cludes adequate space

for mobile units, re-

ceiving and preparing

of all new materials

for the system, ship-

ping/receiving of ma-

terials and special

services such as the

maintenance, storage,

and repair of audio-

visual materials.

8. Each member library should be of sufficient size to enable it to carry out its

program within the system's framework.

Adequate space should be available to

house efficiently the various materials collections with sufficient room for

users to utilize these materials.

9. Adequate offices and work space should be provided for all staff members with provision for rest rooms,

staff lounge, and other facilities to enable the staff to perform their duties effectively.



Community Library

Small Community Library'

Exterior

TE-Wrinain entrance should be at street level, without any steps,

so the library can be entered easily by

everyone, including handicapped and older citizens.

Where necessary, ramps also should be provided.

11.

11. When the medium-sized or small community library

shares a building, the library portion should be on

the main floor with easy access from the outside.

Its location within the building should be visible

from the street.

12. There should be windows at street level so people passing by can easily see some of the services the li-

brary offers.

13. The library should be well marked with a sign which is clearly visible at all times and includes the hours

when the library is open.

14. Book return devices should be located so patrons may return materials easily when the library is not open.

15. The library should be landscaped appropriately for its size, location, and style of architecture.

Interior

Tr-VW"furniture and equipment should be selected carefully to ensure that it harmonizes with the architecture

of the building, contributes to the efficiency of the library's service program, and provides a comfortable

and inviting environment.

17. Interior arrangements of the building should be convenient for the general public to use, but should not

require an unusually large staff to supervise.

18. Fixed load-bearing walls should be kept to a minimum to enable efficient operation to continue as the li-

brary's services and materials collections expand or change.

19. The headquarters librar7 and the large and medium-sized community libraries

should have multipurpose rooms for library-oriented activities.

19. The small community li-

brary should have easy



Community Library


access to a multipurpose

room for library-oriented

activites, preferably

within the same building.

Electrical

20. Each public library facility should have sufficient lighting

to meet state building codes.

The placement

of fixtures should be evenly distributed and glare

avoided.

21. Electric outlets in sufficient number, size, and

location should be provided throughout the library

so that

the public and staff can effectivelyuse appropriate electric devices, such as typewriters, adding machines,

record players, and microform readers.

22. The headquarters library and large community li-

brary should have capabi!ities for the eventual

installation of electronic or other type of equip-

oent currently not used by the library.

Heating and Cooling

23. Each public library facility should be designedwith provision for maximum year-round comfort of the

users

and staff utilizing both natural and mechanical

means for heating, ventilating and cooling, and for humidity

control.

Plumbing

24. Sufficient rest room facilities should be provided, with

staff facilities separated from tnose for the

gen-

eral public.

25. Drinking fountains and service sinks should

be easily available in areas where they are needed.

Elevator

26. Public elevator service should be provided

more than one level.

when the public service area is on

27. Mechanical book lifts

or elevators should be provided whenever books and other materials

must be transported

from one level to another.

2


Communications


brary should have

sufficient telephone

installations to en-

able it to serve

adequately the gen-

eral public, member

libraries, and

intrabuilding needs.


Community Library

PHYSICAL FACILITIES

- 51


28. Each member library should

have sufficient telephone installations

to serve

adequately its public, to communicate with

the headquarters library, and for

intrabuilding needs.

29. Public telephone facilities should

be so located as to be available wheneverthe building or any part is

being used by the public.


brary should have

Teletype or similar

equipment.

31. Multipurpose rooms should contain

provisions for use of mass communcation equipment,

such as film/slide

projectors, education telephone facilities,andtelevision (closed circuit, public broadcasting, andcom-

mercial).

52 - LIBRARY SERVICE OUTLETS

VII. LIBRARY SERVICE OUTLETS

A library service outlet is an additional public library unit, either mobile or steta link within a public library system between very small communities or neighborhoo.

Mobile Outlets--Standards

The standards for a mobile service outlet will be determined by the library agency a

Stationary Outlets--Standards

A stationary library service outlet should:

*1. Be established as a library service unit

2. Have the most frequently needed informational tools and bulk loans of meter.

3. Refer requests for materials/information not available to the system headqua

4. Be open at least 12 hours a week scheduled on the basis of maximum potential

5. Have paid personnel trained by the administrating library

6. Be housed in attractive quarters which are easily accessible and properly e

*See also Structure and Government, B.4., p. 8.

lir library unit, either mobile or stationary, organized and administered primarily to providevery small communities or neighborhoods and the headquarters library resources.

I be determined by the library agency administrating the mobile unit service.

snit

.mational tools and bulk loans of materials from the headquarters library for circulation

:ion not availaple to the system headquarters

duled on the basis of maximum potential use

ministrating library

;h are easily accessible and properly equipped for service and communication

8.

Documents

DOCUMENT RESUME /8 001 258 TITLE Wisconsin Public Library … · 2014. 1. 14. · ED 097 894 TITLE INSTITUTION PUB DATE NOTE. DOCUMENT RESUME. Wisconsin Public Library No. 5058. Wisconsin