Doc.: IEEE 802.15-08-064-01-0nan Submission: WNAN Technical Discussion 8 September 2008 San Filippo, van Greunen, Flammer, Hughes, RolfeSlide 1 Project:

8 September 2008

San Filippo, van Greunen, Flammer, Hughes, RolfeSlide 1

doc.: IEEE 802.15-08-064-01-0nan

Submission: WNAN Technical Discussion

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)(WPANs)

Submission Title: [SG-NAN: WNAN Technical Discussion]Date Submitted: [04/21/23]Source: [Name] [Company] [E-Mail][Will San Filippo] [Silver Spring Networks] [wills @ silverspringnet.com][Jana van Greunen] [Silver Spring Networks] [jvangrue @ silverspringnet.com][George Flammer] [Silver Spring Networks] [gflammer @ silverspringnet.com][Sterling Hughes] [Silver Spring Networks] [sterling @ silverspringnet.com][Ben Rolfe] [Blind Creek Associates] [ben @ blindcreek.com]

Re: Neighborhood Area Network Study Group

Abstract: Presents a brief overview of application requirements identified in prior IG/SG presentations and discusses architectural concepts focused on the application requirements.

Purpose: Stimulate discussion in the Study Group.

Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

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San Filippo, van Greunen, Flammer, Hughes, Rolfe Slide 2

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SG-NAN

Technical Discussion Slides

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Contents

• Application Requirements Overview– Very Large Scale Process Control– Examples: Utility networks, industrial, others

• Architectural Concept– Based on proven systems – Narrow Band-PHY – Channel Hopping Slotted Random Access MAC

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WNAN Definition

• A WNAN is – A scalable network– Constructed of simple, low cost, modest devices

• Key objectives of the WNAN – Extreme scalability (to tens of millions of nodes)– High availability (uptime)– Highly reliable data delivery (error detection)– Ease of commissioning (highly autonomous)

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WNAN “Neighborhood” Example

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Application Requirements

• Key differentiators– Ubiquity (100% coverage)– System longevity (decades)– Non-mobile (infrastructure overlay)– Cost sensitive (CapEx and OpEx)– Reliable, robust, flexible

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Cost Factors

• Total cost – Long life - OpEx / CapEx– Deployment / Acquisition– No on-site (truck roll) maintenance– Devices transparent to customers– Space/power constraints not as critical

• But power may become more so

• Standards yield good economics

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Very Large Scale Process Control

• Scale == millions of nodes per network– Ad hoc, multi hop, self-organizing, self-healing– Optimized for robustness, ubiquity over data rate– Flexible, resilient topology

• Geographically Diverse– Non-mobile (but we don’t get to pick fixed location)– Environment not static

• Tolerant of long, bounded latency

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Document Number Source

15-08-0245-00-wng0 George Cosio, Philip Slack (Florida Power & Light)

15-08-0272-01-wng0 Rolfe/Flammer (Blind Creek/Silver Spring Networks)

15-08-0297-00-0000 Chris Knudsen (Pacific Gas & Electric)

15-08-0454-00-0000 Tommy Childress, (Cellnet+Hunt)

15-08-0455-00-0000 Chris Knudsen (Pacific Gas & Electric)

15-08-0456-00-0000 Gerald J. FitzPatrick (NIST)

15-08-0514-00-0nan George Flammer (Silver Spring Networks)

15-08-0517-01-0nan James. Pace (Silver Spring Networks)

Some References

https://mentor.ieee.org/802.15/documents

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WNAN Architectural Concept

• Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks– Built from interconnected short-range links– Interconnected over large service territories

• Based on proven systems – PHY – Narrow band – longer range, robust– MAC - Channel hopping, slotted, random access

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WNAN Definition

• A WNAN is – Scalable network– Simple, low cost, modest throughput

devices– Optimized for

• Extreme scalability• High availability (robustness) • Highly reliable data delivery• Ease of commissioning.

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Some characteristics WNAN

• Data rate commensurate with long range (~100 kbps)• Very high reliability and availability• Peer to Peer with minimal infrastructure (self-forming)• Large scale mesh networking support• Support for route diversity • Fully acknowledged data transfer (error detection)• Support for IP datagrams

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WNAN Context

802.16802.11

Etc. WNAN ZigBee/15.4 DSS

Util

ity B

ackb

one

SG App/NAN NodeNB-PHY

802.16+NANDual Node

SG App/NAN NodeNB-PHY

NAN/HAN APPNAN+ZibBee

(NB+DSS)

SG App/NAN NodeNB-PHY In-prem Equipment

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NAN Context (2) – In-premiseU

tility

Bac

kbon

e

NAN NodeDirect-to-WNAN

Bridge

ISA100 on

NAN Node

(NB PHY)

ISA100on

NAN Node

(NB PHY)

ZigBee++on

NAN Node

(NB PHY)

ZigBee++ on

NAN Node

(NB PHY)

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Architectural Characteristics

• Topology – Peer-to-Peer– Star/cluster– Good Mesh

platform

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

A

B C

D

I

L

J

K

M

N

P

O

A

B

C

D

E

G

F

H

ZB

ZC

ZA

ZZ

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Layers

Physical

Data Link

Network

Transport

Session

Presentation Application

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

OSI Model

Network

Transport

Application

WNAN Standard

IP

TCP UDP

MAC, PHY

ISA DLL

ZigBee NWK

ISA Application Support,

ZigBee Application Support Sublayer

NB- PHY

CH-SRA MAC

Link

ZigBee, ISA-100, etc.

802LLC

ISANWK

ISATrsp

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NB-PHY Characteristics

• Narrow band channels with many channels per band– Fit FCC part 15.247 criteria for 1W FHSS

• Optional operation in multiple bands– sub-GHz, 2.4GHz, EU, Japan, India, China, etc.

• Support for efficient channel hopping• Efficient support for IP datagrams

– At least 1,500 Octet Ethernet MTU payload

• Robust, simple modulation/demodulation• Data “whitening” (scrambling) • Low data rate (~100 Kbps)

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NB-PHY Characteristics (2)

Bands (examples)– 868–868.6 MHz (Europe, China)– 902–928 MHz (Americas, China, others…)– 2400–2483.5 MHz (worldwide)– 950-956 MHz (Japan)– 779-787 MHz (China)– 865.6-867.6, 840.5-844.5, …

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Obvious choices

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With narrow bandwidth channels, there are some under-used slices of spectrum that we can now use.

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• Narrow Bandwidth– Robust performance– More power possible – Can make use of under-used spectrum

• Channel Hopping Support– Independent of band– Constraints on channel switch timing– Support for needed sync mechanisms

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• Robustness over Bits per Second– NB+ hopping + adaptation

• Adaptive Channel Agility

– Simple modulation and coding– PHY layer error detection– Effective whitening

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NB-PHY Characteristics (5)• Optimize for narrow channels (~250kHz -20dB BW)

and the most non-overlapping channels that fit the band

• Robust modulation/demodulation:– Tolerance of simultaneous channel occupancy– Independent of data patterns and pattern lengths

• Monotonic Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) • Transmit Power Control (TPC) • Interoperability specifications (radio):

– Receiver sensitivities (min)– Receiver adjacent and alternate channel rejection (min)– Frequency stability (min)– Transmit & power amplifier rise and fall times (max)– Channel to channel slew times (per band) (max)

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MAC GoalsOptimized for:

– Channel hopping w/narrow band PHY • Many channels• Interference avoidance

– High data delivery reliability– Low data rates– Effective support of IP datagrams– Efficient support to upper layers for ad-hoc,

multi-hop networking (Mesh).

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MAC Characteristics

• Channel hopping

• Support for prioritized traffic

• Support for near-neighbor discovery

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Channel Hopping Overview

• Maximize number of hopping sequences• Minimize network overhead• 100% channel revisit (regulatory requirement)• Support for channel masking (co-existence)• Support for lots of channels (robustness)

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Synchronization

• Global synchronization option– Difficult in very large networks– Requires centralized time distribution

• Local (single hop) synchronization– Requires only peer exchange of

synchronization information

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MAC Support for Neighbor Discovery

• Provides mechanism to acquire information about neighbors

• Supports handshake to obtain timing info• Maintains neighbor synchronization (local)

Documents

Doc.: IEEE 802.15-08-064-01-0nan Submission: WNAN Technical Discussion 8 September 2008 San Filippo, van Greunen, Flammer, Hughes, RolfeSlide 1 Project: