Đô_ A_n Chuyên Nga_nh Cnkthh (1)

8/15/2019 Đô_ A_n Chuyên Nga_nh Cnkthh (1)

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TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CÔNG NGHIỆP THỰC PHẨM TP.HCMKHOA CÔNG NGHỆ HÓA HỌC

BỘ MÔN CÔNG NGHỆ HÓA HỌC & VẬT LIỆU

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1.$.$.$ -ili/ *&n# @h?i,DD6> b94 n2dD s Wj9 E2” 94 2vE … WDD6 bD!D 7v6 E2X9 9 6>!.

,DD6> 39 6q 2u 7v6 E2X9 92q 2Q! 66 e: ?`92 62 ! 62l94) Wj9 E2” f92Dk9F 9 94 2vE ^ Wj9 E2” 94 2vE.

N4:19 4d6 Wj9 E2” 2u 2Dg9 Wf n26 92>: ?‚ ?g 66 @92 62Ž 6> 66 WDD6>.

,j9 E2” 2Dk9 92Dk9 927 s e:>?« 2!Š6 262 >92F ^ 9 94 2vE >! 41²:WQb WDD6>F WDD6> ²:QF 2!Š6 ?! … 2f6 ^_ ^ e: ?`92 :;g9 nD 92‘94 Wj9

E2” WDD6> b94 D92 2u Ÿ n@62 27a6 D6?! 2!Š6 a9 289 ^ 6q bDg9 @62 ] Šk9 J -4 J" -4.

N47v6 DF 66 WDD6> 94 2vE … 66 e: ?`92 7a 2!Š6 E2j9 r94 Wd6 92Dg 66 Wj9 E2” WDD6> ^Z 392 2`92 ^aD Dg9 @62 ] Š 6>! ¶ J"" -4. 094 n2dDWDD6> 6q b94 s ?Y9 7v6 Š6 ?794 ŸD n2dD 7v94 ?Dk94 ?Ž 2ŽE n2!j94 -" 4 €" 4. N47v6 DF WDD6 D!D 6q n2dD 7v94 ?Dk94 --"" 4. ,DD6> b94 n2dD n

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 ‹


16/38


17/38


WDD6> 7v6 Wj9 :Ž ŸD E27894 E2E 28D S94?Y9 Ÿ 92Dg s 2ŽE 94 âD 92Dg s E2941.$.3 Tnh /ht /2 ili/

T@92 62Ž ,DD6> dEF bDg9 @62 ] Š a9 ^` ^_; WDD6> ?Ž b< 2ŽE E2ˆF^@ bˆ?!94 n2Z94 n2@ ” WDD6> 2ŽE E2ˆ 97a6 ?k9 ] Š ! 66 92q OH. ,DD6> n2Z942> >9 ?!94 97a6 ^ Ž n¨ b:94 ZDF n2Z94 s6F n2Z94 ŒDF 9 392 2q> 256.,DD6 D!D ?Ž ?8 ^] Š 2q> 256. Nq n2Z94 6 bˆ94 âD !DF 6!F ?! ^ >D94>; 6j n2D :9 9q94.

œ D]: nDg9 27\94F 9q 62› 6 bˆ94 âD ´- ^ H´

,DO- » -´-→ ,D´~ » O-

,DO- » ~H´→ ,D´~ » -H-O

,DD6 D!D 69 >9 ?!94 nD] 2>; 6>6!9> nD !D nD] 9q94 62j;),DO- » -N>OH ¼ N>-,DO/ » H-O,DO- » N>-CO/ ¼ N>-,DO/ » CO-

N2‘94 E2j9 r94 9; 6i94 j; ?> 62_ Ÿ ?!94 b:94 b362 n2D :9 WZD WDD6D!D Ÿ b94 s 39.

N>9! WDD6> D Dg: ^Z 6Œ94 e:>9 ?594 aD 6Z94 942g 6>! WDk: 39 ^Z 68F ŸD ^` n@62 27a6 6> 9q 92S 2F bDg9 @62 ] ŠF 2ŽE E2ˆ 92 „F 994 7v94 ]ŠF s D92 n2D 2q> 256 6>!F @92 62Ž E2X9 9 dF n2j 994 623: 92DgF n294

âD 2Dg: W:Ž 6ˆ 2u ^ 66 n2@> 692 n26 6> @92 9 392 6>!F 4D> 6dF b; ^2D!?!ED6F ?!94 92D]: 9492 ^ ž92 ^f6 @92 994 s6 !F 6q s ^>D ? n2Z942u 2>; 2.1.$.( )n# *+n# /2 ili/

T?k9 68 WŸ 66 b94 19 D 68 j9 6> WDD6> 2Ž; ?94 D92 2u WDD6> ^_Dg: ?:;]9 2d94 27\94 7v6 r94 bˆ94 ?s94 ?[D ?!94 66 ž92 ^f6 927) 462Fn@92F Q 28DF 2; D92 ^ 4d WrF 62Ž s9 62! 92f> ^ 66 WDD6> 7v6 bŒ94 u56 97a6 62! ?194 ?5F... N4!D ?> b! n2j 994 4D[9 9Ÿ 92Dg 2ŽE 9k9 WDD6> D922u 7v6 bŒ94 ?!94 66 9492 6Z94 942g 6>! WvD e:>94 256F 2D 3 E2 e:>94F

l6 62@92 6 ^ ?!94 9492 :;g9 nD ^ Dg9 o. C6 !D 69 D 927) ,DD6>b94 n2dDF WDD6> b94 ^Z 392 2`92 ^ ,DD6> b94 nQ! 92‘94 ^_ Dg: 7v6 E22Dg9 :s9 289 9k9 [ 7v6 _E ?:94 942Dk9 6r: ?!94 s 2\D 4D>9 bD 62! aD92‘94 9 4p9 X; 92 E2 2Dg9 Š6 @92 aD 92 E bˆ94 ^! \D Wd94 2f6D n2@>94 [ p9 7v 7v6 E bˆ94 ^! 92D]: r94 bˆ94 n26 92>: 927)

,DD6> b94 n2dD 6q 92D]: r94 bˆ94 ?s94 ?[D ?!94 6Z94 942DgE e:>9 ?59492Ž 94 67\94 @92 9 21D 927 62Ž 2! @92 ^ Š6 66 62Ž S94 927 s

62Ž E2ˆ 4D> 7: D9. C6 2u @62 WDD6> 92S 7v6 Wo bˆ94 927 n2qD 2k ^! 66

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 JJ


18/38


62Ž ?Y9 b94 s ?!94 f6 D9 62! ; D9 ^ ; E2!!6!E;F 62Ž b_E o> 2!Š62_ 62@ 2r6 9. Nq 6i94 7v6 Wo bˆ94 927 6 92X9 62d94 5 Ÿ b94 n2dD?!94 6E 662 Dg9F l6 6F E2c: 2:_ 2” žF 62Ž 2ŽE 2:F E2 4DŽ;F b7v6

E2”F 92 q94F... .TŽ 6j r94 bˆ94 ]: bf> ?k9 Š6 @92 68 j9 6> WDD6>) CŽ: ?l6 E2X9 9

6>!F 66 2 7v6 n _E D ^ bDg9 @62 ] Š 6q 2! @92 6>!. C6 942Dk9 6r:62! 2Ž; n2D 4D> 67\94 €¸ 2Q! n2dD 7v94 66 2 9>9! WDD6> 6q n@62 27a6 2 J€9 €" 9 âD bDg9 @62 ] Š ?Dk94 -"" ® -" -n4 ^! 6>! W: 2Dk9 92Dk9 [94 67\94 66 @92 62Ž 68 t. C6 2 9>9! WDD6> 6i94 7v6 Wo bˆ94 ?!94 4D>67\94 @92 62Ž 6> 4= 92X9 !§ ^_ Dg: WDD6> 69 7v6 bŒ94 62Ž >94 l66.

,DD6> ^Z 392 2`92 6q 92D]: r94 bˆ94 ^ Wj9 E2” n26 92>: 927) C2Žs9 6>! W: ^ dE 92 Q§ nQ! b9§ W89 ^ 62Ž E2. C6 Wj9 E2” 62 Wq6 Wr6n2SQ 927 nQ 92 ?94 ^ E2”F b7v6 E2”. N4!D ?>F WDD6> ^Z 392 2`92 69 s ^_ Dg: 7v6 Wo bˆ94 92D]: ?!94 66 62 u 6Z _E 66 ^Œ94 bc9. N2\ @92

]9 68F @92 Dg9 ZD 6>! ^ Wf 6259 56 62! 66 D9 D 2q> 256F WDD6> ^Z 3922`92 6i94 ?Ÿ 292 ^_ Dg: 62 ;: ?!94 66 62 Dg9 o ^ WY6 nt.

VaD 92‘94 Š6 ?794 6Ž: ?l6 Š6 Dg 927 ?Ž 92©F Dg9 @62 ] Š ?Ž a9WDD6> nQ! W„ 7v6 Wo bˆ94 E2 D9 ?!94 \D Wd94F ?!94 66 9492 X; bf94F bg>;F ZD ?7\94F 994 7v94F 2q> E2”F 2u 2>! ^ 6Z94 942DgE î ?ˆ.1.3 Tn# qun về /á/ VhIRn# VháV n#hin /Wu1.3.1. PhIRn# VháV tn# hJV vật liệu @/h thI,/ nn!1.3.1.1 PhIRn# VháV Vh7n Wn# Vh ;Xn VhIRn# VháV #? t;uYền th?n#D

Bj9 62Ž 6> E27894 E2E 2f6 2Dg9 E2j9 r94 4D‘> 66 E2> ?Y9 Ÿ 92Dg s6>!F Wj9 E2” 2: 7v6 27894 b7aD b94 s ^ 6q 6ŽE 2 6m DDQ. T… Wj9

E2” q aD D9 292 ! 2`92 ^ 2f6 2Dg9 e: ?`92 n n2dD 292 ^_ Dg: 6ˆ2u. ĐX; E27894 E2E [ 7v6 E2 ?Du9 X: \D 92Ž 92794 2Dg9 9>; ^c9 697v6 r94 bˆ94 ?s94 ?[D. C6 6Z94 !9 2Q! E27894 E2E 9; 927 W>:)

C2:”9 3 E2dD Dg: ¼ N42D]9F ?s9 ¼ yE ^Dk9 ¼ N:94 ¼ ,j9 E2”Ư: Du 6> E27894 E2E ?:;]9 2d94) 0Œ94 @ 2q> 62ŽF 2q> 62Ž n2Z94

Y D]9F 66 2>! 6 b< f s94 2q> 9k9 b< b94 7> ^! bX; 62:;]9 Wj9 :Ž âD7v94 a9.

N27v6 Du) ĐD 2SD 92D]: 2D 3 E2r6 EF @92 194 92Ž 6> Wj9 E2”n2Z94 6>!F n@62 27a6 2 a9 6m DDQƒ 9k9 n2D ·E ! 292 Wj9 E2” 27\946q s ?=94 a9F E2j9 r94 ?!94 E2> ?Y9 bD 62_.1.3.1.$ PhIRn# VháV !lZ#Sl

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 J-


19/38


MŠ6 bŒ [ 7v6 942Dk9 6r: ^! 92‘94 9 /" 6> 2 nš ?7a6. N2794 4p9X;F 6Œ94 âD Wf ?> \D ^ E2 ?Du9 6> nž 2:_ 9>9!F E27894 E2E W!4Q D 7v6e:>9 X ?Ž 92D]: ^` 9q ?Ž 292 6Z94 ?!94 94 2vE ^_ Dg: 6ŽE 2 9>9!.

T?!94 e: ?`92 W!4QF 4D>D !9 p: Dk9 Wf 2; E2X9 ^ Z94 ˆ D]962Ž u 2`92 292 W!.

,! s b94 2:;]9 E2Œ 62r> 66 Du: E2X9 6q 7\94 n@92 n2!j94 J J""9 E2X9 9 ?!94 ZD ?7\94 S94. C2Ž p: u 94 2vE W! 9; 66 2vE 62Ž2! s94 6> nD !D 927 66 >n!DbQ 6> WDD6F 92ZF D>9F... GD>D !9 9; 6q2u D]: n2Du9 94 Wf 2>; D EHF 92Dg s ^ 2\D 4D>9 E2j9 r94F l6 6F 9194s 6 92X9F š g 97a6F...C6 2 W! 6q 2u a9 k9 ^ Z94 ˆ u 2`92 292 94

E!DQ Dk9 ˆ6 2>; 4Q 62r> 66 c; b:94 ZD.

C9 4Q s b94 62Ž ?Y9 9o> ?Y9 W!Db WQD ?D4DbQƒ ?!94 q ^c9 694D‘ b:94 ZD ?!94 2g 62Ž ?Y9 b7aD b94 nQ! 2!Š6 E!;Q. P27894 E2E n2ZW„ 6 392 66 @92 62Ž 6> Wj9 E2” 6:dD 6Œ94) 4Q 6q 2u 7v6 9:94 9q94 u!D ?… 66 E2X9 o b:94 ZDF 4X; E f6 k9 >! e:j9 ^ WÊ 94 4QF2!Š6 n2Z WDk: aD 29F 62! E2·E !D S 66 E2X9 o b:94 ZD n2Z94 WÊ 94 4Q. ,j9 E2” 6:dD 6Œ94 2: 7v6 … E27894 E2E n2Z WDk: aD29 45D >Q?!4QF 2Q! E27894 E2E 9:94 45D Q?!4Q. Bk9 692 4Q 69 6q 2u2: 7v6 92D]: Wj9 E2” n26

Ư: Du 6> E27894 E2E W!4Q) Cq 2u 94 2vE 7v6 ^_ Dg: b7aD b94 s âD 6ŽE 2 6m D6?!QF

9>9!Q. Cq 2u 94 2vE ^_ Dg: b7aD b94 94 S94F b7aD b94 Wv âD 7\94

n@92 ¹ J . N2Dg s 94 2vE n2Z94 6p9 6>!.Đu 94 2vE 4d 2Q! E27894 E2E 9;F ?7a6 2 6p9 62 ! W! ?!94 s

62Ž S94 2@62 2vE 94 s ?!94 - 662 W>:) P2X9 9 62Ž ?Y9 n2Z94 >9 … 6ŽE 2 a9 W>94 6ŽE 2 6> W! ?!94 66

; W>; nQ!. 0Œ94 b:94 ZD u 2; E2X9 s E?Q6:W!? 62! ! 292 b:94 b362 nQ!. V@

bˆ bŒ94 97a6 u 2; E2X9 >6!D nD !D u ! 292 2g nQ! 6> nD !D q.T… W! o t 2!Š6 u X: bp9 62! 4D 2q> 292 4Q.

1.3.$. PhIRn# VháV Bá/ Onh /u t;/

,f 2`92 292 ^ D9 D E2> D92 2u 6> ^_ Dg: 94 2vE 7v6 6 392 94 E27894 E2E 92D x .

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 J/


20/38


21/38


P2 92D x Wf E2ˆ 2:s6 6> 67\94 s 92D W„ e:>; c: ^ e:>; p: 2: 62Œ 92D E2j9 ^ 42D E2 92D x 7894 6 ^aD 94S94F 4D‘ 6d 392 c: ^ 62› e:>; p: 2:.

P27894 E2E 92DF š E2p9 E2>F6Ž: ?l6 D92 2u 66 2> Wd 94 D92 2uƒ ^ ?Ž b< 2f6 2Dg9...^. PhIRn# VháV LuS/. PhIRn# VháV Rn tinh th4 quY

1.(. N#uYn vật liệu

1.(.1 Cát th&/h nh

1.(.1.1 Khái quát v= /u t&! /2 /át th&/h nh

C 262 >92 6 7v6 ` 2Ž; ?k9 5D [D Du9 ^ 6i94 6 27\947v6 Wo bˆ94 92Ž. C 262 >92 s ?!94 92‘94 !D 6 E2 D9 92Ž `2Ž; ?k9 2 4DaD. C 262 >92 2`92 292 ŸD E2!94 2q> 6q 62r> n2!94 62Ž262 >92F 4Dd94 927 4?>9DF 4?>9!bD!?DF bD!?DF ^ 262 >92. C6 ?p

@62F 7v6 2`92 292 b! 2\D D ^ qD 9 ^@ bˆ b! 7> 2!Š6 97a6 WZ94 6:dD6Œ94 6i94 n > ?k9 [D Du9ƒ . N2`9 62:94F ^aD n@62 27a6 2 n2!j94 -"" QW2F6 262 >92 ?!94 f 92Dk9 6q s D92 n2D n26 92>:F Œ; 2:s6 ^! 66 E 62ŽFn2!94 62Ž !D 6q 62r> ´QF KF M4F C> ^ 6i94 927 66 ^_ Dg: 2‘: 68 … s94^_ 2!Š6 2f6 ^_ 66 E 62Ž ?!94 6 262 >92F j92 27Ÿ94 2k : WY6 6>9q.

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 J€

https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C4%90a_tinh_th%E1%BB%83&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BA%A5u_tr%C3%BAc_tinh_th%E1%BB%83https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BA%A5u_tr%C3%BAc_tinh_th%E1%BB%83https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A0ng_m%E1%BB%8Fnghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C4%90a_tinh_th%E1%BB%83&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BA%A5u_tr%C3%BAc_tinh_th%E1%BB%83https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BA%A5u_tr%C3%BAc_tinh_th%E1%BB%83https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A0ng_m%E1%BB%8Fng


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Hình 1.2 Cát thạch anh Nq 7v6 D]: 62 94 942D]9 W> 262 2!Š6 Ž; … 66 3> Du f 92Dk9F

62¯94 29 927 92‘94 [D Du9 ^ 94 WZ94. N2Dg s 94 2vE 6> 6 2>62 >92D92 n2D J.†"±C /.-""±´ƒ :; 92Dk9 92‘94 6 7v6 Wo bˆ94 6q 92Dg s 9q9462j; 2ŽE 289 b! 66 E 62Ž. C 262 >92 6 27\94 7v6 Wo bˆ94 92D]: 92Ž^` Wf E2!94 E2l :;g ^\D 6> 9qF 62D E2@ 2ŽE q vD 2 a9 92Ž 6> 9qƒ._`/ tnh @ thuật /2 /át th&/h nh5» H 7v94 !D WDD6 ,DO-ƒ 62D ‹‹.~¸» H 7v94 !D 92Z A-O/ƒ 62D ".J ¸» H 7v94 !D WY ´Q-O/ƒ :Z9 92S 289 ".J¸» H 7v94 !D N>?D N>-Oƒ 62D ".J¸

J.~.J.- N2‘94 6Z94 bˆ94 6 262 >92

Ms ?!94 92‘94 6Z94 bˆ94 a9 92Ž ^ 27\94 4ŠE 92Ž 6> 6 2>62 >92q 62@92 bŒ94 ?!94 66 2g 2d94 56 97a6 … 89 4Dj9 9 E2r6 E 927) u 5697a6 4D94 n2!>9F... V` 94!D ^Dg6 9q 6q 6 bˆ94 56 97a6F 4D‘ D 66 62Ž 8 o94F

n2Z94 n > ?!94 97a6 ?Ž d 2` 4D 6 262 >92 :Z9 7v6 E ^! !D ?ª 92Ž?!94 66 !D 6 56 97a6 .

CŽ: ! 66 E2X9 o 6> !D 6 9; 6i94 ?Ž ]9 › 9k9 n2D 62! 97a6 D e:>F97a6 W„ n2Z94 3 92D 9q W„ 4DlE 2ŽE 2ˆ A,hNF ?92 ^ 29 62 94:1997a6 3 92D


23/38


C 262 >92 o t 97a6 6q 2u Wo bˆ94 D 92D]: p9F n2D 3 ”9 ^ Y94 6Š96q 2u bŒ94 97a6 ?o> W62 ^ D Wo bˆ94 92D]: p9 n2Z94 ”9 97a6 ^ j9227Ÿ94 aD Wr6 n2SQ. RŽ 92D]: 9492 6Z94 942DgE n26 6i94 Wo bˆ94 9 66 262

>92 927) X; bf94F k Z94F 62d94 2ŽF... L ^_ Dg: u 62Ž E2ˆ 4D> X;bf94F 94!D 92‘94 6 bˆ94 ^] 56 97a6F !D 6 9; 6i94 2> 4D> ^! e: ?`92?>94 ?@ 19 2!>F 6X; 6j92} u 2D 2> ^ ?>94 ?@ E2!94 2; 62! 94ZD92. s ?!94 92‘94 r94 bˆ94 62@92 6> 6 262 >92 ?!94 2 4DaD 2Dg9 D 927 s 292 E2p9 ?!94 k Z94 6Z94 942DgE.

VaD 4D 292 ^ 62D E2@ ?ªF D r94 bˆ94 7v6 ?!94 ?Ž 92D]: 9492F ž92^f6 ?!94 \D Wd94F n2Z94 e: n2q n29 n2D 4DjD 2@62 D W>! 6 262 >92 D s ?!94 92‘94 ^_ Dg: 56 97a6 2ŽE bc9 ^ 2: 2l 947\D Dk: bŒ94 9 ^_;

1.(.$ NH1.(.$.1 Gi,i thiệu

N>?D 2D?!D 2>; 2;?!D 9>?D 6Z94 2r6 2q> 256 N>OHƒ 2>; 27\947v6 45D l 2!Š6 l 9 b>. Nq b< b94 >9 ?!94 97a6 ^ ?7v:F e: ?`92 >9?!94 97a6 E2 92Dg 92D]:. N>?D 2;b?!D ! 292 b:94 b362 nD] 92 n2D 2>>9 ?!94 b:94 ZD 927 97a6. Nq 7v6 Wo bˆ94 92D]: ?!94 66 9492 6Z94 942DgE927 4DŽ;F bg 92:sF E294 ^ 62Ž ”; ?o>. N>?D 2;b?!D 6i94 7v6 Wo bˆ9462 ;: ?!94 66 E294 2@ 942Dg.

Hình 1.3 a!H

N>?D 2;b?!D D92 n2D 62Ž ?Y9 6q : ?Y94 Ÿ b94 ^Dk9F ^j; 2!Š6 22!Š6 Ÿ b94 b:94 b362 [! 2> €"¸. N>?D 2;b?!D ?Ž b< 2ŽE 2ˆ CO- ?!94 n2Z94n2@ ^` ^_; 9q 27\94 7v6 j! e:j9 Ÿ ?!94 `92 6q 9YE n@9. Nq E2j9 r94 [92Dg ^aD 97a6 ^ 4DjD E2q94 s 7v94 92Dg a9F 2> >9 ?!94 Q>9! ^ Q>9!.

Nq 6i94 2> >9 ?!94 QQ ^ 66 b:94 ZD nZ94 E2X9 6f6 ^ u D : ^94 ?k9

4DŽ; ^ WvD.

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 J†

https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BA%A5p_th%E1%BB%A5https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Atanolhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanolhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etehttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BA%A5p_th%E1%BB%A5https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Atanolhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanolhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ete


24/38


1.(.$.$ Tnh /ht vật l]

h9>9ED 2> >9 ¿H! ~~F€nÀ!. œ ?!94 b:94 b362 9q ! 292 b94!9!2;b?> Ÿ J-F/JF• ±C âD 92Dg s 9q94 62j; €FJ ±C ^ š ?594 ?!94 b:94

b362 JF•-‹ 46/.67n# 1.( Tnh /ht vật l] /2 NH

8nh VháV aUPAC -!*iu hY*;!Bi*S

Tk9 n26 xlF l 9 b>F nD]

CZ94 2r6 E2X9 o N>OH

P2X9 o 4> /‹F‹‹†J 4!

B] 94!D TD92 2u : ?Y94

K2dD 7v94 ?Dk94 -FJ 46ÁF ?Y9

ĐDu 9q94 62j; /J• ±C €‹J Kƒ

ĐDu WZD J./‹" ±C J./ Kƒ

Đs 2> >9?!94 97a6 JJJ 4J"" -" ±Cƒ

1.(.$.3 Tnh /ht hb h@ ^ Z@ >@ ! 292 :dD ^ 97a6

N>OHbbƒ » HCbbƒ ¼ N>Cbbƒ » H-O-N>OH » ,O- ¼ N>-,O/ » H-O

P2j9 r94 âD 6>6!9 DZ@

-N>OH » CO- ¼ N>-CO/ » H-O

N>OH » CO- ¼ N>HCO/

P2j9 r94 âD :dD ! 292 >«8 aD ^ :dD aD)-N>OH » C:C- ¼ -N>C » C:OHƒ-Â

1.(.3 HCl

1.(.3.1 Gi,i thiệu

AD 6!2;b?D6 2>; >@ 6!2D?D6F >@ :?D>D6ƒ s >@ ^Z 68 92F b!Wf 2> >9 6> n2@ 2D?Z 6!?:> HCƒ ?!94 97a6. AD 6!2;b?D6 _ Š6 92Ž 6q9194 s dD > ~"¸. œ b94 _ Š6 >D 9; 6q 2u ! 292 66 W7894 Œ >DF62l94 ]: 6q n2j 994 9 9 66 Z 6!9 947\DF 4X; 9 27894 68 e:>9 2Z 2ŽEFYF b> ^ ?:s. œ b94 ![94F HC 6i94 7v6 Wo bˆ94 62Ž ^g WD92F >: 62ŒD

92 6o>F Wj9 :Ž 4Q>D9 ^ 66 E2ˆ 4D> 2f6 E2”F ”; 4›F ^ o t b>. AD

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 J•

https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danh_ph%C3%A1p_IUPAChttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4ng_th%E1%BB%A9c_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dchttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%AD_gamhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%91i_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_ri%C3%AAnghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhi%E1%BB%87t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_n%C3%B3ng_ch%E1%BA%A3yhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%E1%BB%83m_s%C3%B4ihttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99_h%C3%B2a_tanhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ax%C3%ADthttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ax%C3%ADthttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axit_v%C3%B4_c%C6%A1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%C4%91r%C3%B4_cloruahttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bchttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatinhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%A5_gia_th%E1%BB%B1c_ph%E1%BA%A9mhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%E1%BA%A9y_g%E1%BB%89&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danh_ph%C3%A1p_IUPAChttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4ng_th%E1%BB%A9c_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dchttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%AD_gamhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%91i_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_ri%C3%AAnghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhi%E1%BB%87t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_n%C3%B3ng_ch%E1%BA%A3yhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%E1%BB%83m_s%C3%B4ihttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99_h%C3%B2a_tanhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ax%C3%ADthttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axit_v%C3%B4_c%C6%A1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%C4%91r%C3%B4_cloruahttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bchttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatinhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%A5_gia_th%E1%BB%B1c_ph%E1%BA%A9mhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%E1%BA%A9y_g%E1%BB%89&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da


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6!2;b?D6 b94 2=9 2vE ¯94 E2@ 4p9 -"F-¸ƒ 6q 2u 7v6 bŒ94 927 s Dk: 62:”968 j9 ?!94 E2X9 @62 392 7v94.

Hình 1." HC#

1.4.3.2 Tính chất hóa học

A@ 6!2D?D6 s >@ 89F r6 9q 6q 2u E2X9 ; 62! ?> s D!9 H » ^D!9 6!F C¥. K2D 2> >9 ?!94 97a6F H» Dk9 n âD E2X9 o 97a6 ! 292D!9 2;b?!9D:F H/O»)

HC » H-O ¼ H/O» » C¥

0! E2X9 ; 2!9 !9 ?!94 97a6 9k9 >@ 6!2D?D6 7v6 E ^! 92q >@92. N27 66 !D >@ n26F HC 6q n2j 994 6 bˆ94 âD)

KD !D) GDjD E2q94 n2@ 2D?Z ^ ! :dD 6!?:> ?… 66 nD !D r94 W>:2D?! ?!94 bjD 2! s94 2q> 256 927 C:F H4F A4F PF A:ƒ.

´Q » -HC ¼ ´QC-» H-

Ô@ >«8 ) T! :dD 6!?:> ^ 97a6.°9O » -HC ¼ °9C- » H-O

B>«8) T! :dD 6!?:> ^ 97a6. N>OH » HC ¼ N>C » H-O

M:dD) 6 bˆ94 âD 66 :dD 6q 4d6 >9D!9 2! s94 ;: 289 ! :dD aD^ >@ aD.

C>CO/ » -HC ¼ C>C- » CO- » H-O

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 J‹

https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%97n_h%E1%BB%A3p_%C4%91%E1%BA%B3ng_ph%C3%ADhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clohttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%C4%91r%C3%B4nihttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ax%C3%ADthttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_lo%E1%BA%A1ihttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%C4%91r%C3%B4https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=D%E1%BA%A3i_ho%E1%BA%A1t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%93nghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A7y_ng%C3%A2nhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%A1chttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platinhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A0nghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baz%C6%A1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%97n_h%E1%BB%A3p_%C4%91%E1%BA%B3ng_ph%C3%ADhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clohttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%C4%91r%C3%B4nihttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ax%C3%ADthttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_lo%E1%BA%A1ihttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%C4%91r%C3%B4https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=D%E1%BA%A3i_ho%E1%BA%A1t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%93nghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A7y_ng%C3%A2nhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%A1chttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platinhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A0nghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baz%C6%A1


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N4!D ?>F ?!94 s Wd E2j9 r94 HC 69 2u 2Dg9 @92 n2o 94662 n2o s Wd 2vE 62Ž 927 KM9O~Š6ƒF M9O-F KCO/ 4DjD E2q94 n2@ 6!.

-KM9O~Š6ƒ » JHC ¼ -KC » -M9C- » €C- » • H-O

M9O- » ~HC ¼ M9C- » C- » -H-O1.4.3.3 Tính chất vật !

œ D]: nDg9 2Z94 27\94 92Dg s ^ E W:Ž Dk: 62:”9F 62D: W94ƒF b:94b362 AD 6!2;b?D6 27\94 7v6 e:>9 W 2Ž; s 62Ž S94 n2Z94 :F ?!94W:d 2!Š6 ^94 92 b! c9 2vE 62ŽƒF 6q 2u d6 n2qDF 28D 92aF 9Š94 28997a6F n2l6 92 W94 92D]: 289 97a6 62l ›92.

C6 @92 62Ž ^_ t 6> >@ 6!2D?D6 927 Du WZD ^ Du 9q94 62j;F _s ^ EH E2ˆ 2:s6 ^! 9194 s ! 6> HC ?!94 b:94 b362 >@. C2l94 2>; D

?!94 b:94 b362 âD 9194 s E2p9 ? ?Ž 2ŽE … "¸ HC 9 289 ~"¸ HC.

1.(.( NI,/ /t

N7a6 6Ž 97a6 D92 n2DF 94:;k9 62ŽF 7v6 D]: 62 94 662 627946Ž ^ 27\94 7v6 Wo bˆ94 ?!94 ; 927 E2> 62 2:d6 DkF 2:d6 :d94F Dgb7v6F ?o> bˆ94 6ˆ ; F ?o> ^ 27894.

T292 E2p9 97a6 6Ž 2!9 !9 n2Z94 62r> 66 E 62Ž 2‘: 68 2>; ^Z 68Fb! q 9q 6i94 b:94 ZD 2@62 2vE u ?o> bˆ94 6ˆ 2@ 942DgF E2> 62 2q> 62Ž

2!Š6 2f6 2Dg9 s Wd E2j9 r94 2q> 256.T?!94 2f6 F 947\D > 27\94 Wo bˆ94 27\94 :> 97a6 6Ž 9 D 66 922:d6 b7aD b94 q94 62>D. T:; 92Dk9F D]: nDg9 4D> `92 9: 2@62 2vE ^c9 6q 2uf D]: 62 97a6 6Ž 94 662 62! 97a6 [ ^! :9 WZD ^ 2r94 97a6F 28D97a6 94794 ˆ ?!94 ZD ?7\94 92.

N7a6 6Ž 2Z94 27\94 7v6 62D> 292 / !D) 97a6 6Ž J p9 e:> 62794 6ŽJ p9ƒF 97a6 6Ž - p9 97a6 6Ž J p9 7v6 62794 6Ž 2k p9 -ƒF 97a6 6Ž / p997a6 6Ž - p9 7v6 62794 6Ž 2k p9 /ƒ. N4!D ?>F 97a6 6Ž 69 7v6 E2X9 !D2Q! 292 E2p9 t 2q> 927 T0,F s bc9 Dg9F...ƒ.

Đu 6q 7v6 Wj9 E2” 97a6 6Ž 7v6 Dk: 62:”9 2Q! l94 942ž> Q9 6ŽJ p9F 6Ž - p9ƒ ^ Dk: 62:”9 t 2q> 2` 97a6 6Ž 2` 947\D > 69 6r ^! Dk:62:”9 68 WŸ b! 92 Wj9 :Ž 6Z94 d ^ W! W92 âD Dk: 62:”9 92 97a6F Dk: 62:”99492 u 92 4D 62Ž 7v94. HDg9 6q - Dk: 62:”9 ^] 97a6 6Ž 7v6 E bˆ94 )TCVN ~€•J•‹ ^ TDk: 62:”9 97a6 D92 n2D ?!94 07v6 Du9 ~.

Cp9 E2X9 Dg 97a6 6Ž âD 97a6 28D. N7a6 6Ž 7v6 Wj9 :Ž ?k9 bX;62:;]9 Wj9 :Ž 97a6 6Ž 94 2D 3 D9! âD ˆ6 Dk: Wj9 E2” b:; 92Ž 97a66Ž 9k9 W>: n2D >; 28D 7v6 94794 ^ 2r94 94>; D p: ^DF n2Z94 bŒ94 66

7\94 d94 ^94 ^Ã!F n2q ^g WD92. V` ^_; 97a6 6Ž :Z9 :Z9 6q 62Ž 7v94 j j!

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 -"

https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kh%E1%BB%AD&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clohttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhi%E1%BB%87t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_v%C3%A0_%C3%A1p_su%E1%BA%A5t_ti%C3%AAu_chu%E1%BA%A9nhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81nh_s%C3%A1ng_nh%C3%ACn_th%E1%BA%A5y_%C4%91%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3chttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BA%A5t_l%E1%BB%8Fnghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transparent_liquidhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transparent_liquidhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kem_(m%C3%A0u)https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFt_su%E1%BA%A5thttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%ADnh_ch%E1%BA%A5t_(c%E1%BB%A7a_ch%E1%BA%A5t)#T.C3.ADnh_ch.E1.BA.A5t_v.E1.BA.ADt_l.C3.BDhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhi%E1%BB%87t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_bay_h%C6%A1ihttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhi%E1%BB%87t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_n%C3%B3ng_ch%E1%BA%A3yhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%91i_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_ri%C3%AAnghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%91i_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_ri%C3%AAnghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%BB%93ng_%C4%91%E1%BB%99https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=N%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_tinh_khi%E1%BA%BFt&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C6%B0ng_c%E1%BA%A5thttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C6%B0ng_c%E1%BA%A5thttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_t%E1%BA%BFhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dung_m%C3%B4ihttps://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=D%E1%BB%A5ng_c%E1%BB%A5_th%C3%AD_nghi%E1%BB%87m&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=N%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_/_h%C6%A1i_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=N%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_/_h%C6%A1i_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kh%E1%BB%AD&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clohttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhi%E1%BB%87t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_v%C3%A0_%C3%A1p_su%E1%BA%A5t_ti%C3%AAu_chu%E1%BA%A9nhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81nh_s%C3%A1ng_nh%C3%ACn_th%E1%BA%A5y_%C4%91%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3chttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BA%A5t_l%E1%BB%8Fnghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transparent_liquidhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transparent_liquidhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kem_(m%C3%A0u)https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFt_su%E1%BA%A5thttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%ADnh_ch%E1%BA%A5t_(c%E1%BB%A7a_ch%E1%BA%A5t)#T.C3.ADnh_ch.E1.BA.A5t_v.E1.BA.ADt_l.C3.BDhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhi%E1%BB%87t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_bay_h%C6%A1ihttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhi%E1%BB%87t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_n%C3%B3ng_ch%E1%BA%A3yhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%91i_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_ri%C3%AAnghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%91i_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_ri%C3%AAnghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%BB%93ng_%C4%91%E1%BB%99https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=N%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_tinh_khi%E1%BA%BFt&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C6%B0ng_c%E1%BA%A5thttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C6%B0ng_c%E1%BA%A5thttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_t%E1%BA%BFhttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dung_m%C3%B4ihttps://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=D%E1%BB%A5ng_c%E1%BB%A5_th%C3%AD_nghi%E1%BB%87m&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=N%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_/_h%C6%A1i_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&redlink=1https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=N%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_/_h%C6%A1i_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&redlink=1


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^aD Dk: 62:”9 97a6 6Ž bŒ94 62! E294 2@ 942Dg ^ ; F b7v6 E2”F WY6 2:d6 Y6F Y6 e:;F n· 97a6F 66 9492 6Z94 942gF n 2:_. T?!94 E294 2@ 942Dg 97a66Ž 6i94 7v6 Wj9 :Ž 94 ; 62794 6Ž 94 2:š D92.

L 28D 7v6 94 2·EF WYF 66 s E2_9 94794 94 WYF n„F 97a6 W>:n2D d6 28D 7v6 62:;]9 D ?>! D 92DgF 9q94 66 2D 3 n26 ?1D 2: 21D D.V` ^_; 97a6 28D :Z9 3 92D: ^] 942ž> 2Du: 4D‘> 97a6 6Ž ^ 97a6 28D.

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 -J


28/38


CHƯNG -) THỰC NGHIỆM

$.1 N#uYn vật liệu v= hb /ht

C6 94:;k9 Dg: ^ 2q> 62Ž Wo bˆ94 ?!94 D 2@ 942Dg ) C 262 >92F N7a6 6ŽF HC JMƒF N>OH N>OH n2>9F €MF MF †Mƒ.

$.$ 8+n# /+ v= thi't ^O

67n# $.18nhá/h*+n# /+v= thi't^O

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A. 8ỤNG CỤ5

,TT TN 0ÄNG CÄ “U‰ C#CH ,LĐVT

J Cd6 2; D92 €""

- Cd6 2; D92 -€" -

/ Cd6 2; D92 J"" -

~ Đi> 2; D92 -

€ C2·9 9:94 €

CdD Wr -

† C2; Wr -• B`92 D> J

‹ M:=94 -

J" C … J

JJ Bs 2l 62X9 n2Z94

J- %94 !94F e:j qE

J/ C2·9 9:94 9DnQ

J~ GDŽ; 56F 4DŽ; EH

J€ PDEQ

6. THacT 6d5

,TT TN THI’T BÅ “U‰ C#CH ,LĐVT

J CX9 Dg9 o - Wd J

- BE n2:Ž; … » 92Dg J

/ M; 2l 62X9 n2Z94 J

~ B E Dg9 J

€ T WŽ; J

L 9:94 J


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$.$ The/ N#hiệ

$.$.1 QuY t;nh the/ n#hiệ

$.$.$.1 PhIRn# VháV 1

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31/38


$.$.$ PhIRn# VháV the/ the/ n#hiệ

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 -€

“:; ?`92 94 2vE ^_ Dg: 94 E27894 E2E - 7v6 q Y 94 W8 1 -.-)

Hình 2.2 $%& trình t'n h* +t #i-% nano i!2 th/o *h0n *há* 2


32/38


$.$.$.1 PhIRn# VháV 1

CX9 n2dD 7v94 N>OH ^ 6 262 >92 [ 7v6 942D]9 39 62! ^! 62·99DnQ9 âD 66 292 E2p9 ¸ ,DO-.^ J""ƒ¸ N>OH. N:94 9q94 2=9 2vE Ÿ 92Dg

s €""±C ?!94 - 4D\ u ! 292 9>?D WDD6> ?Y9 N> -O.,DO-ƒ. Ro> c: 94 97a66Ž 9q94 62! >9 2 ?1D 62:;u9 W>94 6d6 -€". C2:”9 s b:94 b362 9>?D WDD6>âD HC J Mƒ 62! 9 n2D s EH `92 27\94 ^ Wj9 :Ž WDD6> ,DOHƒ ~ƒ Ÿ b94 4Q. L W62 âD 97a6 6Ž u 2! ?> N>C … WDD6> n >. L n2Z n > Ÿ 92Dg s •"±C ?!94 -~ 4D\.

$.$.$.$ PhIRn# VháV $

C 262 >92 [ 7v6 942D]9 39 7v6 ?s9 âD b:94 b362 N>OH € MF M

^ † M W>: q Q :9 Ÿ 92Dg s ‹"±C ^ n2:Ž; Dk9 ˆ6 ?!94 - 4D\ u 6q 7v6 N>-,DO/. C2:”9 s b:94 b362 9>?D WDD6> âD HC J Mƒ 62! 9 n2D s EH `9227\94 Æ†ƒF l6 9; W„ 2: 7v6 H-,DO/ b94 4Q ^ N>CF 2k 97a6 ^! ^ 56 W„2: 7v6 H-,DO/. TDE 2Q! n2Z n > H-,DO/ƒ Ÿ 92Dg s •"±C ?!94 -~ 4D\ W„ 2: 7v6 ,DO- b94 s.

V_ Dg: W>: n2D 94 2vE 7v6 Q 6 392 Wf 2`92 292 ^ D9 D E2>D92 2u 94 E27894 E2E 92D x.

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 -


33/38


CHƯNG / K’T “U V( THO LUẬN3.1 K't qu7

C6 2 9>9! ,DO- [ 7v6 94 2vE 292 6Z94 … 6 262 >92 f 92Dk9 2Q!

E27894 E2E n2Z ^ 2; 92Dg. T… e: ?`92F 2 2ŽE 92Dg s ^ 62D E2@F 66 E27894 E2E - 7v6 n2:;9 n2@62 W! ^aD E27894 E2E s. H`92 /.J s Wd2`92 j92 6> c: N>9! ,DO- 94 2vE 94 E27894 E2E J) >ƒ 2 7v94 ,DO- ~4ƒF ƒ 2 7v94 ,DO- €4ƒF 6ƒ 2 7v94 ,DO- 4ƒ.

>ƒ ƒ

6ƒ

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 -†


34/38


Hình 3.1 4% ano i!2 t'n h* b5n *h0n *há* 1

H`92 /.- s Wd 2`92 j92 6> c: N>9! ,DO- 94 2vE 94 E27894 E2E ) >ƒ 9194 s N>OH €MF ƒ 9194 s N>OH MF 6ƒ 9194 s N>OH

†M.

>ƒ ƒ

6ƒ Hình 3.2 4% ano i!2 t'n h* b5n *h0n *há* 2

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 -•


35/38


Hình 3.1 6h' 789 của m4% ano i!2 :hai 1

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 -‹


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Hình 3.2 6h' 789 của m4% ano i!2 :hai 2

Hình 3.3 6h' 789 của m4% ano i!2 t'n h* b5n *h0n *há* 1 +;i h


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Hình 3." 6h' 789 của m4% ano i!2 t'n h* b5n *h0n *há* 2 +;i n=n >? a!H #< @

GVH0) H1 T23 N456 ,7894 /J


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