DLT 991-2006Spectral Analysis Guideline of Metal for Electrical Power Equipment

ICS 23.040.01 F 24 Record Number: 17629-2006

PROFESSIONAL STANDARD

OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA

DL/T 991-2006

Spectral Analysis Guideline of Metal for Electrical Power Equipment

Issued on May 06, 2006 Implemented on October 01, 2006 Issued by the National Development and Reform Commission of the

People's Republic of China

DL

Contents Foreword ................................................................................................................................... 11 Scope ................................................................................................................................... 22 Normative References ......................................................................................................... 23 Terms and Definitions ......................................................................................................... 24 Instruments and Equipments ............................................................................................... 45 Spectrum Analyst ................................................................................................................ 66 Spectrum Analysis ............................................................................................................... 67 Analysis Report ................................................................................................................. 10Annex A (Informative) Chemical Composition of Common Metallic Materials for Electrical Power Equipments .................................................................................................................... 11

1

Foreword

This standard is compiled according to the requirements of Document (FGBGY [2005]NO.739)-Notice on Printing and Distributing the Plan of Professional Standards in 2005 of General Office of National Development and Reform Commission".

At present, power transmission and distribution equipments of high parameter and large capacity units and of higher voltage grade in the national power industry are put into operation continually, the metallic material grade is higher and higher and the detection means are updated continuously. To avoid the misapplication of metallic materials of electrical power equipments and reduce the accident this standard, "Spectral Analysis Guideline of Metal for Electrical Power Equipment" is compiled on the base of "The Guide for Power Plant Metal Spectral Analysis" (Department of Infrastructure and Construction) [1993] No. 15) organized and compiled by the Department of Infrastructure and Construction of the Ministry of Electronics Industry.

Annex A of this standard is informative. This standard was proposed by China Electricity Council. This standard is under the jurisdiction of and is explained by Technical Committee on

Metal Material for Power Station of Standardization Administration of Power Industry. Drafting organizations: Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong, Guangzhou

South China Electric Power Group Technology Development Co., Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai Research Institute of Materials, Beijing Electric Power Construction Research Institute of SGCC

Chief drafting staffs: Lin Jiedong, Hu Ping, Lan Junming, Li Jianmin, Yan Guoqiang, Li Yimin, Dai Yuan, Li Yaojun, Zhou Zuoping and Nie Ming.

2

Spectral Analysis Guideline of Metal for Electrical Power

Equipment

1 Scope

This standard specifies the basic requirements and main operation procedures for the alloying component inspection for the metal members (including welding joint, welding material) of electrical power equipments with spectrum analysis method.

This standard is applicable to the spectrum analysis of the alloying component re-inspection and discrimination for all the metal members (including welding joint and welding material) when the electrical power equipments are manufactured, installed and overhauled as well as the re-inspection and discrimination of the alloying component for metallic materials in relevant industries.

2 Normative References

The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excluding amending error in the text) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not be applied. However, the parties whose enter into agreement according to these specifications are encouraged to research whether the latest editions of these references are applied or not. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document is applicable to this standard.

GB/T 4336 "Method for Photoelectric Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Carbon Steel Medium and Low Alloy Steel"

GB/T 7999 "Standard Method for Direct Reading Spectrometric Analysis of Aluminum and Its Alloys"

GB/T 11170 "Method for Photoelectric Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Stainless Steel"

GB 11533 "Standard Logarithmic Visual Acuity Charts" GB/T 14203 "General Rule for Photoelectric Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Iron,

Steel and Alloy" DL/T 931 "The Rule of Physico-chemical Personnel Qualification in Electric Power

Industry" JJG 768 "Verification Regulation of Emission Spectrometer"

3 Terms and Definitions

3

The following terms and definitions apply.

3.1 Electrical power equipment It is the generic terms of the power generation, power transmission and power

distribution equipments required during power generation process, such as boiler, steam turbine, pipeline, generator, voltage transformer, line, iron tower and fittings. 3.2

Spectral analysis It refers to the method to inspect the elements and their contents with characteristic line

spectrum emitted by the atom (or ion) or the wave length and intensity of the characteristic strip spectrum emitted by some molecule (or base group). 3.3

Spectrometer It refers to an analytical instrument separating the optical radiation with dispersion

element and optical system according to the wave length and receiving different wave length radiation with proper receiver. It is divided into prism spectrograph, grating spectrograph and interferometer spectrometer according to the different dispersion elements; and spectroscope, spectrograph and direct reading spectrometer according to different spectrum line manners. 3.4

Spectroscope Observe the spectral line intensity with eyes directly for the spectrum analyzer of

quantitative or semi quantitative spectral analysis. There are fixed and portable types and are generally used for classification and verification of metal and alloys. 3.5

Direct reading spectrometer It is the spectrum analyzer to detect the spectrum line with photomultiplier tube or CCD

detector and to show in the form of content reading for rapid quantitiative analysis. It may boost the analyzing speed and accuracy of analysis for the metal and alloying component. It is divided into multi-track direct reading spectrometer, single track scanning spectrometer and complete spectrum direct reading spectrometer. 3.6

Qualitative spectral analysis It refers to the analysis method to identify whether the designated elements in the tested

material exist or not according to the spectrum lines; however the content couldn't be determined. The qualitative spectral analysis on the alloying component of metal members for electrical power equipment shall usually be adopted with spectrum viewing method. 3.7

Semi quantitative spectral analysis It refers to the analysis method to determine the approximate content of some

composition in the tested material in rough according to the functional relationship between the spectral luminance (intensity) and the element content; the error is generally be controlled at 70%~130%. The semi quantitative spectral analysis on the alloying components of metal members for electrical power equipments shall be generally adopted with spectrum viewing

4

method and direct reading spectrographic method. 3.8

Quantitative spectral analysis It refers to the analysis method to accurately measure the content of some composition in

the tested materials according to the spectral line intensity. The fundamental relation formula is: I=aCb; where, the I is the spectral line intensity, C is the element content, a and b is the constant. The quantitiative analysis of the alloying component of metal member for electrical power equipments are often adopted with direct reading spectrometry. 3.9

Standard sample It is called standard sample or standard steel for short; and the composition and

performance are the reference materials approved by the standardization organization authorized by the nation.

4 Instruments and Equipments 4.1 Safety performance

The insulation resistance of spectrometer shall be larger than 20M and the power inlet wire end and the housing case shall be free from electric arcing or punch-through phenomenon by bearing 50Hz 1500V AC voltage between them for 1min. 4.2 Spectroscope 4.2.1 The excitation light source of spectroscope shall have electric arcing and sparking patterns and the eletrode shall be removable. 4.2.2 The wavelength range of spectroscope shall cover 400 nm~700 nm area. 4.2.3 The alternating current arc shall be adopted and excite the low alloy steel standard sample (GBW 01328~GBW 01333) with fine copper circular disc eletrode and the spectrum line quality of spectroscope shall reach:

a) The full spectrum shall be able to distinctively resolve the following linear spectrum pairs of manganese (Mn) and ferrum (Fe) within the range of 4/5:

1) Prism spectroscope: Mn 476.59 and 476.64, Fe 487.13nm and 487.21, Fe 613.66 and 613.77;

2) Grating spectroscope: Mn 476.59 and 476.64, Fe 498.26nm and 498.33, Fe 507.92 and 507.98.

b) Visual and visible 0.04% vanadum (V, 437.92 nm in wave length) and 0.25% silicon (Si, 634.70 nm in wave length) spectrum line. 4.3 Direct reading spectrometer 4.3.1 The constitution and requirements of direct reading spectrometer shall meet those specified in the relevant articles of GB/T 14203 and JJG 768. 4.3.2 The pumping power of direct reading spectrometer shall be provided with electric arc and sparking patterns which are automatically switchable; the eletrode shall be removable and the optical path shall be automatically calibratable. 4.3.3 Desktop and movable direct reading spectrometers shall be able to detect the alloying elements [at least including ferrum (Fe), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo),

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vanadum (V), nickel (Ni), wolfram (W), niobium (Nb), zirconium (Zr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), carbon (C), silicon (Si), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), boron (B) and so on] of the base metals such as ferrum (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al) and titanium (Ti) and shall be able to automatically identify the basal body of the tested materials and automatically select the analytic procedures. 4.3.4 The portable direct reading spectrometer shall be able to detect the alloying elements [at least including ferrum (Fe), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), vanadum (V), nickel (Ni), wolfram (W), niobium (Nb), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al) and titanium (Ti) and so on] in the base metals, such as ferrum, nickel copper, aluminum and titanium. 4.3.5 The wavelength range of direct reading spectrometer shall cover 200 nm~500 nm (in vacuum 1.8 nm~500 nm) area. 4.3.6 The grating line number of direct reading spectrometer may be selected within the range of 2400 strips/mm~3000 strip/mm. 4.3.7 The indication error of wave length, detection limit, repeatability and stability of the direct reading spectrometer shall meet those specified in the relevant articles of JJG 768. 4.4 Instrument selection 4.4.1 The spectrum analysis shall be carried out at the construction field site; when the material batch is large and the alloying component is easy to discriminate, the spectroscope may be selected; when the material batch is small, the portable direct reading spectrometer should be selected. 4.4.2 The spectrum analysis in the laboratory should be adopted with desktop direct reading spectrometer. 4.4.3 The spectrum analysis on the important parts (such as boiler drum, steam pile line, high-temperature bolt and turbine rotor) should be adopted with portable or movable direct reading spectrometers. 4.4.4 The direct reading spectrometer shall be adopted to recheck when it has been analyzed with spectroscope, however the analytical result is skeptic. 4.4.5 Before analyzing, when it is predicted to be difficult to discriminate the metallic material designations with spectroscope, the direct reading spectrometer shall be adopted to analyze. 4.5 Application and maintenance of instruments 4.5.1 The spectrometer shall be free from moisture and dust; and it shall be handled gently during application and it shall avoid chattering and clashing during the transportation process. 4.5.2 The spectrometer with the AC 220V power shall be provided with reliable grounding wire. 4.5.3 The analysis staff shall wear insulated shoes and insulated gloves when applying the spectroscope with exposed exciting electrode; during work, specific personnel shall be arranged to monitor. 4.5.4 The polluted exciting electrodes shall be cleaned or replaced in time; when the eletrodes are cleaned or replaced, it shall make sure that the spectrometer power is shut off and the exciting electrodes have been sufficiently cooled. 4.5.5 The protective glass and the eye piece of the spectroscope shall be kept clean during operation and shall be well covered when the operation is done.

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5 Spectrum Analyst 5.1 Professional qualification of the spectrum analyst

The spectrum analyst shall acquire the spectrum analyses qualification for the physical and chemical inspector in the power industry, engage in the corresponding analyzing work of this grade and shall assume corresponding technological responsibilities. 5.2 Physical requirements of the spectrum analysts

The spectrum analyst shall be without color blindness or color weakness and the corrected visual acuity shall be above 4.8 (vision test shall refer to the record value of 5 according to GB 11533). 5.3 Other requirements of the spectrum analyst

The personnel engaged in the spectrum analysis shall be equipped with relevant knowledge on the safety protection. 5.4 Advanced spectrum analyst 5.4.1 He shall grasp the alloying components, performance and function of the common metallic materials for electrical power equipments. 5.4.2 He shall be able to compile or revise the analytic technical conditions and analyzing plan for the spectrum analyzing project. 5.4.3 He shall be familiar with the operating principle of the spectroscope and direct reading spectrometer and be able to correctly carry out daily maintenance work and remove general faults. 5.4.4 He shall be able to carry out semi quantitative spectral analysis for the common alloying elements with spectroscope and quantitiative analysis for the common alloying elements with direct reading spectrometer. 5.4.5 He shall be able to remove all the factors which may affect the accuracy of analytical results. 5.4.6 He shall participate in and guide the spectrum analyzing work, solve the complex or difficult problems in work; examine and issue analysis report and be in charge of the analytical results. 5.5 Common spectrum analyst 5.5.1 He shall be familiar with the alloying components and functions of the common metallic materials for electrical power equipments. 5.5.2 He shall know the influence of analyzing conditions (for instance excitation patterns, arc time and so on) and the environment conditions on the analytical results. 5.5.3 Hee shall able to proficiently operate the spectroscope and direct reading spectrometer according to the instruction and shall be provided with the maintenance knowledge for some instrument. 5.5.4 He shall be able to carry out qualitative spectral analysis for the common alloying elements with spectroscope and quantitiative analysis for the main alloying elements with direct reading spectrometer.

6 Spectrum Analysis

7

6.1 Preparation before analyzing 6.1.1 Know the name, material trademark, heat treatment conditions, specification and function for the tested parts. 6.1.2 Check the tested materials and environment to see whether there are factors (such as coating, painting, oil stain, oxidizing layer, lighting, and wind speed and so on) affecting the analytical results. 6.1.3 Compile the analytical solutions and determine the analytical conditions (such as excitation light source and eletrode) according to the inspection requirements of entrusting party and the tested material conditions. 6.1.4 For pipeline, large-scale member or the spare parts with complex structure, analyzing site drawing shall be drawn and analyzing marks shall be well drawn in the drawing. 6.1.5 For the inspected materials with special requirements, analyzing position shall be determined by the entrusting party in advance in case that the starting arc may damage the geometric accuracy or special surface layer of the inspected materials when they are polished before or during analyzing. 6.1.6 The spectrum analysis in the wet environment or in the metal container should be carried out with portable spectrometer powered by battery. 6.1.7 The works violating the safety regulations and in disagreement with the analytical conditions shall be rejected. 6.2 Treatment of the inspected materials 6.2.1 When spectroscopic analysis is carried out, the analyzed surface of the inspected material shall be in accordance with the requirements of operating instruction for spectroscope. 6.2.2 When direct reading spectrum analysis is carried out, the even surface of the inspected material shall be selected as the analyzed surface and the analyzed surface shall be in accordance with the requirements of operating instruction for direct reading spectrometer. 6.2.3 For the iron base, nickel base, cobalt base and titanium base material analysis, the analyzed surface may be polished with rotary sander or sand paper. 6.2.4 When the aluminum elements in the iron base, nickel base and titanium base material are analyzed, the analyzed surface shall not be polished with grinding materials with aluminum (such as aluminum oxide). 6.2.5 When the silicon elements in the iron base, nickel base titanium base materials are analyzed, the analyzed surface shall not be polished with siliceous sand wheel or silicon grinding materials. 6.2.6 When the carbon elements in the iron base, nickel base and titanium base material are analyzed, the analyzed surface shall not be polished with grinding materials with carbon (such as siliconcarbide). 6.2.7 When the copper base and aluminum base materials are analyzed, the analyzed surface should not be polished by the rotary sander and should be processed by the lathe or milling machine; when it is milled, industrial absolute alcohol may be adopted to cool and lubricate and no other cooling fluid or lubricant is allowable. 6.2.8 After the inspected materials are processed, the analyzed surface shall be exposed with metallic luster and no crack, looseness, corrosion, oxidation or oil stain shall be visually

8

inspected. 6.2.9 The analyzed surface of the inspected material shall not be touched with hands when the quantitiative analysis is carried out. 6.3 General requirements 6.3.1 The working conditions (such as power, current, inter-electrode distance and pre-burn time) when analyzing shall be kept in compatible with the working conditions specified by the analyzing mark ( map and curve). 6.3.2 The discrimination of the alloying components for the metallic materials at construction site should be carried out with semi quantitative spectral analysis (or qualitative spectral analysis). For the verification of the inspected materials of unknown designation, when the inspected material conditions and environment conditions are in accordance with the requirements, the quantitiative analysis shall be carried out. 6.3.3 When the excitation elements [such as ferrum (Fe), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), vanadum (V), nickel (Ni), wolfram (W), titanium (Ti), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al)] are analyzed, it should be adopted with electric arc light source; when the hard excitation elements [such as carbon (C), silicon (Si), sulfur (S), Phosphorus (P)] are analyzed, the low voltage sparking light source should be adopted. 6.3.4 For the large scale work-piece, casting and parts easily generating segregation, multipoint and many times of analyzing shall be carried out within a certain given distance. 6.3.5 For the high alloy steel materials easily generating cracks (such as T91/P 91 and T92/P92) or the metal components with large rigidity (such as boiler drum, header and so on) , it shall grind off the arcing dots with stone-wheel (or sand cloth ) in time after analyzing. 6.3.6 It shall not adjust the spectrometer on the inspected metallic material. 6.3.7 For the thin and small spare parts, the affect of arcing position and arc time on the accuracy or performance shall be paid much attention to. 6.3.8 When the instrument remains at the excitation state, it shall not shut the power switch, convert the electric arc sparking" switch or touch the eletrode. 6.3.9 The spectrum analysis shall not be carried out outdoor in the rainy days; when the spectrum analysis is carried out in the open air for strong windy days, effective measures to prevent the electric arc slanting shall be taken. 6.3.10 When the spectrum analysis is carried out in the open air, intense sunshine on the analyzed surface of the inspected parts shall be avoided. 6.3.11 Corresponding protective measures shall be taken in the environment with combustible and high explosive cargos. 6.3.12 The eletrode frame shall not be touched and the arc light shall not be stared with naked eyes during operation. 6.4 Spectrum analysis with spectroscope 6.4.1 Pure iron eletrodes should be adopted to analyze the black metal base materials and pure copper eletrodes should be adopted to analyze nonferrous metal base materials; club-shaped eletrodes should be adopted for semi quantitative spectral analysis and circular electrodes should be adopted for qualitative spectral analysis or batch quantity analysis. 6.4.2 Stable electric arc and sufficient pre-burn time shall be kept when analyzing and the inter-electrode gap and the light source position shall be checked frequently. 6.4.3 The analytical line and comparison line may be selected in the green area with higher

9

sensitivity level for human eye and in the neighboring color area and shall not be selected at the juncture between two colors; the selected analytical line and comparison line shall be provided with adequate luminance and stability. 6.4.4 The qualitative spectral analysis may be determined by observing whether there are two or more final line and sensitive line free from interference or not in the spectrum line. 6.4.5 When the spectral analysis is carried out on site, the spare parts with low alloying element content shall be firstly analyzed in case of misjudgment due to contaminations. 6.4.6 Qualitative spectral analysis shall be carried out for the alloying elements within the spectrum line range one by one before the semi quantitative spectral analysis is carried out. 6.4.7 The third element influence except the tested elements shall be fully considered for semi quantitative spectral analysis and the third element as well as the content which may change the spectral pattern and interference analytical line shall be known. 6.4.8 The line group of correlation of semi quantitative spectral analysis should be selected with spectrum line with the closer distance within the same viewing field and the line group with higher sensitivity level (namely fewer content variation will cause bigger spectral line intensity variation) shall be selected and no flashing line and pervasion line should be adopted. 6.4.9 When the semi quantitative spectral analysis is carried out, the selection of alloying element content line group shall be in a sequence from low to high the semi quantitative spectral analysis results shall not be determined till the content values of more than two groups of analytical lines are confirmed. 6.4.10 When the analytical values of elements are obviously lower than the specified content of the inspected material trademark; this element may not be regarded as the alloying element added on purpose and may not be recorded. 6.4.11 When the spectral analysis is carried out, the personnel and machine shall not continuously operate for a long time and should refresh for 10 min for every 10min of working. 6.5 Spectrum analysis with direct reading spectrometer 6.5.1 When the curve drift correction is periodically carried out for the direct reading spectrometer, it may be corrected according to those specified in the instrumental operation instruction. When the analytical conditions and environment conditions are changed, a curve drift correction shall be carried out again before analyzing. 6.5.2 The entrance slit, optical path lens, eletrode condition, argon gas purity and pressure of spectrometer shall be checked before analyzing to see whether it is normal or not. 6.5.3 The influence of heat treatment conditions for inspected materials on the analytical results shall be paid attention to. 6.5.4 The inspected materials shall be uniform with the analytical conditions and environment conditions of standard samples during analyzing. 6.5.5 When the inspected materials with uniform composition are analyzed, it shall be at least excited and measured for twice and then adopt the average value as the analytical result; the analytical results should be represented with percentage composition (the inspected materials with non-uniform composition shall be analyzed according to those specified in 6.3.4 of this standard). 6.5.6 The operation and quantitiative analys is of the direct reading spectrometer shall meet

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those specified in GB/T 14203. 6.5.7 The analytical conditions and analytical procedures for the quantitiative analysis of carbon steel and medium and low alloy steel shall be carried out according to the relevant articles in GB / T 4336. 6.5.8 The analytical conditions and analytical procedures of quantitiative analysis for stainless steels should be carried out according to the relevant articles in GB/T 11170. 6.5.9 The analytical conditions and analytical procedures of quantitiative analysis for aluminum and aluminum alloys should be carried out according to the relevant articles in GB/T 7999. 6.5.10 The standard sample selection for spectrum analysis use shall make sure that the content is at least larger than the analyzed element content in order to keep the working curve reliable. 6.5.11 When the analyzed values of elements exceed the specified content of the inspected material trademark or exceed the standard sample content, recheck shall be carried out on the spectrometer with standard sample of higher content under the same conditions. (Or recheck this element with higher -accuracy- grade spectrometer) 6.5.12 The direct reading spectrophotometric method should not replace the general chemical analysis method to arbitrate the alloying components.

7 Analysis Report

The spectrum analysis report shall include the following content: a) Project name, part name;

b) Material trademark, heat treatment conditions, specification and quantity; c) Execution standard and acceptance specifications; d) Instrument model, analytical conditions and environment conditions; e) Analytical position and mark; f) Analytical grade, analytical results and evaluation; g) Analyst, auditor and signatures; h) Inspection organizations and date of inspection; i) Report number.

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Annex A

(Informative)

Chemical Composition of Common Metallic Materials for Electrical Power Equipments

Table A.1 Chemical Composition of Common metallic Materials for Steam Pile Line and Boiler Heating Surface Pipe

Steel grade

Chemical composition

(%)

C Mn Si Cr Mo V Ti B W Ni Al Nb Other

elements S P

20G

GB

53101992

0.17~0.

24 0.35~0.65

0.17~0.

37

0.03

0

0.03

0

ST45.8

Technical

provisions of

Baosteel

0.21 0.10~1.20 0.10~0.

35

0.03

5

0.03

5

20MnG

GB

53101995

0.17~0.

24 0.70~1.00

0.17~0.

37

0.03

0

0.03

0

25MnG

GB

53101995

0.22~0.

30 0.70~1.00

0.17~0.

37

0.25~0.3

5

0.03

0

0.03

0

15MoG 0.12~0. 0.40~0.80 0.17~0. 0.25~0.3 0.03 0.03

12

GB

53101995

20 37 5 0 0

20MoG

GB

53101995

0.15~0.

25 0.40~0.80

0.17~0.

37

0.44+0.

65

0.03

0

0.03

0

12CrMoG

GB

53101995

0.08~0.

15 0.40~0.70

0.17~0.

37 0.40~0.70

0.40~0.5

5

0.03

0

0.03

0

15CrMoG

GB

53101995

0.12~0.

18 0.40~0.70

0.17~0.

37 0.80~1.10

0.40~0.5

5

0.03

0

0.03

0

12Cr2MoG

GB

53101995

0.08~0.

15 0.40~0.70 0.50 2.00~2.50

0.90~1.2

0

0.03

0

0.03

0

12CrMoV

GB

30771998

0.08~0.

15 0.40~0.70

0.17~0.

37 0.30~0.60

0.25~0.3

5

0.15~0.

30

0.03

5

0.03

5

12Cr1MoVG

GB

53101995

0.08~0.

15 0.40~0.70

0.17~0.

37 0.90~1.20

0.25~0.3

5

0.15~0.

30

0.03

0

0.03

0

15Cr1Mo1V

YB 61959

0.08~0.

15 0.40~0.70

0.17~0.

37 0.90~1.20

1.00~1.2

0

0.15~0.

25

0.04

0

0.04

0

12MoVWBSi

Xt

GB

53101985

0.08~0.

15 0.40~0.70

0.60~0.

90

0.45~0.6

5

0.30~0.

50

Adding

amount

0.06

Adding

amount

Electric

furnace

0.15~0.40

Xt Adding

amount

0.15

0.03

0

0.03

0

13

0.008

Open

furnace

0.010

12Cr2MoWVT

iB

(102)

GB

53101995

0.08~0.

15 0.45~0.65

0.45~0.

75 1.60~2.10

0.50~0.6

5

0.28~0.

42 0.08~0.18 0.02~0.08 0.30~0.55

12Cr3MoVSiT

iB

GB

53101995

0.09~0.

15 0.50~0.80

0.60~0.

90 2.50~3.00

1.00~1.2

0

0.25~0.

35 0.22~0.38

0.005~0.01

10

0.03

0

0.03

0

10Cr9Mo1VN

b

(T91/P91)

GB

53101995

0.08~0.

12 0.30~0.60

0.20~0.

50 8.00~9.50

0.85~1.0

5

0.18~0.

25 0.40

0.04

0 0.06~0.10

N0.030~0.0

70

0.01

0

0.02

0

10CrMo910

DIN

171551983

0.06~0.

15 0.40~0.70 0.05 2.00~2.50

0.90~1.1

0

0.03

5

0.03

0

X20GrMoV12

1

(F12)

DIN

171551983

0.17~0.

23 1.00 0.05

10.00~12.

50

0.80~1.2

0

0.25~0.

35 0.30~0.80

0.03

0

0.03

0

14

A106B

ASTMA335 0.30 0.29~1.06 0.10

0.05

8

0.04

8

A106C

ASTMA335 0.35 0.29~1.06 0.10

0.05

8

0.04

8

A335P11

ASTMA335 0.15 0.30~0.60

0.50~1.

00 1.00~1.50

0.44~0.6

5

0.03

0

0.03

0

A335P12

ASTMA335 0.30 0.30~0.61 0.50 0.80~1.25

0.44~0.6

5

0.04

5

0.04

5

A335P22

ASTMA335 0.15 0.30~0.60 0.50 1.90~2.60

0.87~1.1

3

0.03

0

0.03

0

15NiCuMoNb

5

(WB36)

B-No.611

1988

0.10~0.

17 0.80~1.20

0.25~0.

50 0.030

0.25~0.5

0

Cu

0.50~0.80 1.00~1.30

0.05

0 0.015~0.045 N0.020

0.02

5

0.03

0

10Cr5MoWVT

iB

(G106)

Technical

provisions of

Capital Steel

Company

0.07~0.

12 0.45~0.75

0.40~0.

70 4.50~6.00

0.48~0.6

5

0.20~0.

33 0.16~0.24

0.008~0.01

4 0.20~0.40

0.03

0

0.03

0

1Cr9Mo1

(X12CrMo91)

Mannesmann

steel mill of

0.15 0.30~0.60 0.25~1.

00

8.00~10.0

0

0.90~1.1

0

0.03

0

0.03

0

15

German

Material

specifications

1Cr9Mo2

(HCM9M)

Sumitomo

technical

provisions of

Japan

0.08 0.30~0.70 0.50 8.00~10.0

0

1.80~2.2

0

0.03

0

0.03

0

1Mn17Cr7Mo

V

NbBZr

(177MoV)

0.05~0.

12

17.00~19.

00

0.50~0.

80 7.00~9.00

0.80~1.1

0

0.25~0.

45

0.005~0.0

12

Zr

0.080 0.30~0.50

0.03

0

0.03

5

1Cr18Ni9

GB

53101995

0.15 2.00 1.00 17.00~19.

00

8.00~10.0

0

0.03

0

0.03

5

1Cr19Ni9

GB

53101995

0.04~0.

10 2.00 1.00

18.00~20.

00

8.00~11.0

0

0.03

0

0.03

5

1Cr18Ni9Ti

GB

12201992

0.12 2.00 1.00 17.00~19.

00

5(C%-0.0

2)

~0.8

8.00~11.0

0

0.03

0

0.03

5

TP316

ASME

SA213

0.08 2.00 0.75 16.0~18.0 2.00~3.0

0 11.0~14.0

0.03

0

0.04

0

TP321 0.08 2.00 0.75 17.0~20.0 5C%~0. 9.00~13.0 0.03 0.04

16

ASME

SA213

6 0 0

T23(HCM2S)

ASME

SA213

0.04~0.

10 0.10~0.60 0.05 1.90~2.60

0.05~0.3

0

0.0005~0.0

06 1.45~1.75

0.03

0 0.02~0.08 N0.40

0.01

0 0.03

T92(NF616)

ASME

SA213

0.07~0.

13 0.30~0.60 0.50 8.50~9.50

0.30~0.6

0

0.15~0.

25

0.001~0.00

6 1.5~2.00 0.40 0.04 0.04~0.09 N 0.03~0.07

0.01

0

0.02

0

T122(HCM12

A)

ASME

SA213

0.07~0.

14 0.07 0.50

10.00~12.

50

0.25~0.6

0

0.15~0.

30

0.0005~0.0

06 1.5~2.50 0.50

0.04

0 0.04~0.10

N

0.04~0.100

Cu

0.30~1.70

0.01

0

0.02

0

TP304H

ASME

SA213

0.04~0.

10 2.00 0.75

18.00~20.

00

8.00~11.0

0

0.03

0

0.04

0

TP347H

ASME

SA213

0.04~0.

10 2.00 0.75 17.0~20.0

9.00~13.0

0

Nb+Ta8C%~1

.00

0.03

0

0.04

0

TP347 HFG

ASME

SA213

0.06~0.

10 2.00 0.75 17.0~20.0

9.00~13.0

0

Nb+Ta8C%~1

.00

0.03

0

0.04

0

TP310HNbN

(HR3C)

ASME

SA213

0.04~0.

10 2.00 0.75

24.00~26.

00

17.00~23.

00 N 0.15~0.35

0.03

0

0.03

0

17

Table A.2 Chemical Composition of Common Metallic materials for Boiler Shell

Steel grade

Chemical composition

(%)

C Mn Si Cr Mo V Ti Ni Cu Al Cr+Ni+Cu Nb S P

SB49

JIS G3103

Plate thickness

18

14MnMoVg

GB 7131986 0.10~0.18 1.20~1.60 0.20~0.50 0.40~0.65 0.05~0.15 0.035 0.035

18MnMoNbg

GB 7131986 0.17~0.23 1.35~1.65 0.17~0.37 0.45~0.65 0.025~0.050 0.035 0.035

18MnMoNbR

GB 66541986 0.23 1.35~1.65 0.17~0.37 0.45~0.65 0.025~0.050 0.035 0.035

18MnMoNb

JB 12701985 0.16~0.22 1.20~1.50 0.20~0.40 0.45~0.60 0.020~0.045 0.030 0.030

18MnMoNb

JB 12711985 0.16~0.22 1.20~1.50 0.20~0.40 0.45~0.60 0.020~0.045 0.030 0.030

19

Table A.3 Chemical Composition of Common Metallic Materials for Boiler Heating Surface Suspension and Soot Blower

Steel grade Chemical composition (%)

C Mn Si Al Ti Ni Cr Mo N S P

1Cr5Mo

GB 12211992 0.15 0.60 0.50 0.60 4.00~6.00 0.45~0.60 0.030 0.035

1Cr6Si2Mo

GB 12211975 0.15 0.70 1.50~2.00 0.60 5.00~6.50 0.45~0.60 0.030 0.035

4Cr9Si2

GB 12211992 0.35~0.50 0.70 2.00~3.00 0.60 8.00~10.00 0.030 0.035

1Cr25Ti

GB 12211975 0.12 0.80 0.80 5C%~0.80 24.00~27.00 0.030 0.035

1Cr20Ni14Si2

GB 12211992 0.20 1.50 1.50~2.50 12.00~15.00 19.00~22.00 0.030 0.035

1Cr25Ni20Si2

GB 12211992 0.20 1.50 1.50~2.50 18.00~21.00 18.00~21.00 0.030 0.035

3Cr18Mn12Si2N

GB 12211992 0.22~0.30 10.50~12.50 1.40~2.20 17.00~19.00 0.22~0.33 0.030 0.060

2Cr20Mn9Ni2Si2N

GB 12211992 0.17~0.26 8.50~11.00 1.80~2.70 2.00~3.00 18.00~21.00 0.20~0.30 0.030 0.060

2Mn18A15SiMoTi

YB/Z 81975 0.20~0.30 17.00~19.00 0.80~1.30 4.30~5.30 0.07~0.17 0.60 0.60~1.00 0.030 0.040

20

Table A.4 Chemical Composition of Common Metallic Materials for Boiler Structure

Steel grade Chemical composition (% )

C Mn Si S P Ni Cr Al Nb Cu V

Q235

GB 7001988

Grade Q235A(A3) 0.14~0.22 0.30~0.65 0.30 0.050 0.045

Grade Q235B 0.12~0.20 0.30~0.70 0.30 0.045 0.45

Grade Q235C 0.18 0.35~0.80 0.30 0.035 0.035

Grade Q235D 0.17 0.35~0.80 0.30 0.035 0.035

18Nbb

GB 15911979 0.14~0.22 0.40~0.65 0.17 0.050 0.045 0.015~0.050

16Mn

GB 15911988 0.12~0.20 1.20~1.60 0.20~0.55 0.045 0.045

11523

CSN41 1523+a 0.20 1.60 0.55 0.045 0.050 0.60 0.0015

SM50B

JIS G 3106

Plate thickness

21

Plate thickness>102mm 0.29 0.80~1.20 0.15~0.40

22

Q/ZB 611973

Table A.6 Chemical Composition of Common Metallic Material for Steam Turbine and Combustion Gas Turbine Blades


C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo V W Cu N Nb B Al Ti Ce Zr

20CrMo

GB 30771988

0.17~0.

24

0.17~0.

37 0.40~0.70

0.0

35

0.0

35 0.30 0.80~1.10

0.15~0.

25

24CrMoV

YB 61971

0.20~0.

28

0.20~0.

40 0.30~0.60

0.0

35

0.0

30 0.35 1.20~1.50

0.50~0.

60

0.15~0.

30 0.25

25Mn2V

YB 61971

0.22~0.

29

0.20~0.

40 1.80~2.10

0.0

35

0.0

30 0.35 0.35

0.10~0.

20 0.25

1Cr12

GB 12201992 0.15 0.50 1.00

0.0

35

0.0

30 0.60

11.50~13.

00

1Cr12Mo

GB 12211992

0.10~0.

15 0.50 0.30~0.50

0.0

35

0.0

30 0.30~0.60

22.50~13.

00

0.30~0.

60 0.30

0Cr13

GB 12201992 0.08 1.00 1.00

0.0

35

0.0

30 0.60

11.50~13.

00

1Cr13

GB 12211992 0.15 1.00 1.00

0.0

35

0.0

30 0.60

11.50~13.

00

1Cr13Mo

GB 12211992

0.08~0.

18 0.60 1.00

0.0

35

0.0

30 0.60

11.50~14.

00 0.30

2Cr13

GB 12211992

0.16~0.

25 1.00 1.00

0.0

35

0.0

30 0.60

12.00~14.

00

1Cr11WMoV

GB 12211992

0.11~0.

18 0.50 0.60

0.0

35

0.0

30 0.60

10.00~11.

50

0.50~0.

70

0.25~0.

40

1Cr12WMoV 0.12~0. 0.50 0.50~0.90 0.0 0.0 0.40~0.80 11.00~13. 0.50~0. 0.18~0. 0.70~1.

23

(802)

GB 12211992

18 35 30 00 70 30 10

1Cr17Ni2

GB 12211992

0.11~0.

17 0.80 0.80

0.0

35

0.0

30 1.50~2.50

16.00~18.

00

2Cr12MoVNbN

GB 12211992

0.15~0.

20 0.50 0.50~1.00

0.0

35

0.0

30 0.60

10.00~13.

00

0.30~0.

90

0.10~0.

40

0.05~0.

10

0.20~0.

60

2Cr12NiMoWV

(C-422)

GB 12211992

0.20~0.

25 0.50 0.50~1.00

0.0

35

0.0

30 0.50~1.00

11.00~13.

00

0.75~1.

25

0.20~0.

40

0.70~1.

25

2Cr12WMoVNb

B

(993)

YB/Z 81975

0.15~0.

22 0.50 0.50

0.0

30

0.0

25 0.60

11.00~13.

00

0.40~0.

60

0.15~0.

30

0.40~0.

70

0.20~0.

40

0.0

03

2Cr12Ni2WMoV 0.24 0.50 0.40~0.80 0.0

30

0.0

30 2.00~2.60

10.50~12.

50

1.00~1.

40

0.15~0.

30

1.00~1.

40

0Cr14Ni40W4Mo

2Ti3

A12BZr(302

alloy)

0.08 0.60 0.60 0.0

20

0.0

10

38.00~42.

00

12.00~16.

00

1.50~2.

50

3.50~4.

50 0.010

1.80~2.

30

2.30~3.

00

0.02

0

0.05

0

0Cr15Ni35W3Ti3

AlB

(787)

0.08 0.60 0.60 0.0

20

0.0

10

33.00~37.

00

14.00~16.

00

2.00~4.

00 0.030

0.70~1.

70

2.40~3.

20

0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb

(17-4PH)

GB 12201992

0.07 1.00 1.00 0.0

35

0.0

30 3.00~5.00

15.50~17.

50

3.00~5.

00

0.15~0.

45

1Cr14Ni8W2NbB 0.18~0. 0.60 1.00~2.00 0.0 0.0 18.00~20. 13.00~15. 2.00~2. 0.90~1. 0.0 0.0

24

Ce

(726)

12 20 20 00 00 75 30 25 2

0Cr15Ni35W3Ti3

AlB

(612)

GB 12211992

0.12 0.80 1.00~2.00 0.0

30

0.0

30

34.00~38.

00

14.00~16.

00

2.80~3.

20

1.00~1.

40

1Cr17Ni13W3Ti 0.10~0.

15 0.60 0.50~0.80

0.0

30

0.0

30

12.50~14.

00

15.00~16.

50 0.15 0.15

2.50~3.

00 0.25

0.40~0.

80

1Mn18Cr10MoV

B

(K9)

0.12~0.

17

0.30~0.

70

17.00~19.

00

0.0

35

0.0

35

9.50~11.5

0

0.40~0.

60

0.70~0.

90 0.03

25

Table A.7 Chemical Composition of Common Metallic Material for Fastening Piece


C Si Mn S P Ni Cr Mo V Cu Ti Co W Al Nb B Fe Mg Zr

35

GB 6991998

0.32~0

.40

0.17~0

.37

0.50~0

.80

0.0

35

0.0

35 0.25 0.25

45

GB 6991998

0.42~0

.50

0.17~0

.37

0.50~0

.80

0.0

35

0.0

35 0.25 0.25

35SiMn

GB

30771

988

Qual

ity

steel

0.32~0

.40

1.10~1

.40

1.10~1

.40

0.0

35

0.0

35 0.30 0.30

0.

30

High

level

and

quali

ty

steel

0.32~0

.40

1.10~1

.40

1.10~1

.40

0.0

25

0.0

25 0.30 0.30

0.

25

35CrMo

GB

30771

988

Qual

ity

steel

0.32~0

.40

0.17~0

.37

0.40~0

.70

0.0

35

0.0

35 0.30

0.80~1.1

0

0.15~0

.25

0.

30

High

level

and

quali

ty

steel

0.32~0

.40

0.17~0

.37

0.40~0

.70

0.0

25

0.0

25 0.30

0.80~1.1

0

0.15~0

.25

0.

25

42CrMo 0.38~0 0.17~0 0.50~0 0.0 0.0 0.90~1.2 0.15~0

26

GB 30771988 .45 .37 .80 35 35 0 .25

25Cr2M

oV

GB

30771

988

Qual

ity

steel

0.22~0

.29

0.17~0

.37

0.40~0

.70

0.0

35

0.0

35 0.30

1.50~1.8

0

0.25~0

.35

0.15~0

.30

0.

30

High

level

and

quali

ty

steel

0.22~0

.29

0.17~0

.37

0.40~0

.70

0.0

25

0.0

25 0.30

1.50~1.8

0

0.25~0

.35

0.15~0

.30

0.

25

25Cr2M

o1V

GB

30771

988

Qual

ity

steel

0.22~0

.29

0.17~0

.37

0.50~0

.80

0.0

35

0.0

35 0.30

2.10~2.5

0

0.90~1

.10

0.30~0

.50

0.

30

High

level

and

quali

ty

steel

0.22~0

.29

0.17~0

.37

0.50~0

.80

0.0

25

0.0

25 0.30

2.10~2.5

0

0.90~1

.10

0.30~0

.50

0.

25

20Cr1Mo1V1 0.18~0

.25

0.17~0

.37 0.50

0.0

3

0.0

35 0.4 1.0~1.3

0.8~1.

2

0.7~1.

0

0.

25

20Cr1Mo1VTiB 0.17~0

.23

0.40~0

.60

0.40~0

.65

0.0

30

0.0

30

0.90~1.3

0

0.75~1

.00

0.45~0

.65

0.16~0

.28

Adding

amount

0.005

20Cr1Mo1VNbTi

B

0.17~0

.23

0.40~0

.60

0.40~0

.65

0.0

30

0.0

30

0.90~1.3

0

0.75~1

.00

0.50~0

.70

0.05~0

.14

0.11~0

.25

0.005

Adding

27

amount

2Cr12WMoVNb

B

YB/Z 81975

0.15~0

.22 0.50 0.50

0.0

25

0.0

30 0.60

11.00~1

3.00

0.40~0

.60

0.15~0

.30

0.40~0

.70

0.20~0

.40 0.003

Refractaloy-26 0.08 1.50 1.00 0.0

30

0.0

30

35.00~3

9.00

16.00~2

0.00

2.50~3

.50

2.50~3

.00

18.00~2

2.00 0.25

0.001~0

.01

GH145 0.08 0.35 0.35 0.0

15

0.0

10 70

14.0~17.

0

0.

50

2.25~2

.75 1.00

0.40~1

.00

0.70~1

.20 0.010

5.00~9

.00

0.0

10

0.0

50

Table A.8 Chemical Composition of Common Cast Steels for Steam Turbine and Boiler


C Si Mn P S Cr Mo V Ni Cu Al Remarks

ZG25

GB 56761985 0.30 0.50 0.90 0.040 0.040 0.30 0.30 0.30

ZG35

GB 56761985 0.40 0.50 0.90 0.040 0.040 0.30 0.30 0.30

ZG15Cr1Mo 0.22 0.65 0.46~0.84 0.035 0.030 0.95~1.55 0.43~0.67 0.025

ZG20CrMo 0.15~0.25 0.20~0.45 0.50~0.80 0.040 0.040 0.50~0.80 0.40~0.60

ZG22CrMo 0.27 0.62 0.74 0.040 0.040 0.35~0.75 0.38~0.62 0.025

ZG15Cr2Mo1 0.20 0.62 0.36~0.74 0.040 0.040 1.95~2.80 0.88~1.22 0.025

ZG15Cr1MoV

JB 32851983

ZBK 540231988

0.12~0.20 0.17~0.37 0.40~0.70 0.030 0.030 1.20~1.70 0.90~1.20 0.25~0.40

ZG20CrMoV

ZBJ 980151989 0.18~0.25 0.17~0.37 0.40~0.70 0.030 0.030 0.90~1.20 0.50~0.70 0.20~0.30

CN 422712 0.17~0.25 0.20~0.50 0.80~1.40 0.050 0.050 0.30 0.40 0.30 Working temperature

28

Czech steel grade may reach 450

CN 422743

Czech steel grade 0.11~0.19 0.20~0.50 0.45~0.70 0.045 0.045 0.50~0.70 0.20~0.35 0.20~0.35 0.30

Working temperature

may reach525

CN 422744


Working temperature

may reach580

CN 422745


Working temperature

may reach575

Table A.9 Chemical Composition of Common Spring Steel

Steel grade Chemical composition ( % )

C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo W V Cu

65

GB 12221984 0.62~0.70 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.25 0.25

70

GB 12221984 0.62~0.72 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.25 0.25

85

GB 12221984 0.82~0.90 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.25 0.25

65Mn

GB 12221984 0.62~0.70 0.17~0.37 0.90~1.20 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.25 0.25

55Si2Mn

GB 12221984 0.52~0.60 1.50~2.00 0.60~0.90 0.035 0.035 0.35 0.35 0.25

60Si2Mn GB 12221984 0.56~0.64

1.50~2.00 0.60~0.90

0.035 0.035 0.35 0.35 0.25

60Si2MnA 1.60~2.00 0.030 0.030

60Si2CrA

GB 12221984 0.56~0.64 1.40~1.80 0.40~0.70 0.030 0.030 0.70~1.00 0.35 0.25

55SiMnVB 0.52~0.60 0.70~1.00 1.00~1.30 0.035 0.035 0.35 0.35 B 0.08~0.016 0.25

29

GB 12221984 0.0005~0.0035

50CrVA

GB 12221984 0.46~0.54 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.030 0.030 0.80~1.10 0.35 0.10~0.20 0.25

30W4Cr2VA

GB 12221984 0.26~0.34 0.17~0.37 0.40 0.030 0.030 2.00~2.50 0.35 4.00~4.50 0.50~0.80 0.25

45Cr1MoV 0.40~0.50 0.15~0.35 0.60~0.80 0.040 0.040 1.30~1.50 0.65~0.75 0.25~0.35

3Cr13

GB 12201992 0.26~0.40 1.00 1.00 0.035 0.035 12.00~14.00 0.60

4Cr13

GB 12201992 0.36~0.45 0.60 0.80 0.035 0.035 12.00~14.00 0.60

1Cr15Ni36W3Ti

GB 12211975 0.12 0.80 1.00~2.00 0.030 0.030 14.00~16.00 34.00~38.00 2.80~3.20

Ti

1.10~1.40

0Cr17Ni7Al

GB 12211992 0.09 1.00 1.00 0.035 0.030 16.00~18.00 6.50~7.75

Al

0.75~1.50

Inconel X750

Nconel alloy 0.08 0.50 1.00

Fe

5.00~9.00 14.00~17.00 70.00

Nb

0.70~1.20

Ti

2.25~2.75

Al

0.40~1.00 0.50

Foreword1 Scope2 Normative References3 Terms and Definitions4 Instruments and Equipments5 Spectrum Analyst6 Spectrum Analysis7 Analysis ReportAnnex A (Informative) Chemical Composition of Common Metallic Materials for Electrical Power Equipments

Documents

DLT 991-2006Spectral Analysis Guideline of Metal for Electrical Power Equipment