Diversity and Academic Advancement Summer Institute (DAASI): Orientation November 12, 2015 AMEB270 Nick Greer Managing Director of Programs Thread Frank Molina High School Program Director Thread Danny Teraguchi Assistant Dean for Student Affairs Director, Office for Student Diversity Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Amber Earl Senior Director of Volunteer Engagement Thread Overview Introductions Expectations/Questions DAASI Structure/Timeline Lessons Learned and Resources Closing Questions What questions do you want to make sure we cover today? DAASI GOALS Academic Assistance: Provide a comprehensive, engaging curriculum to bolster participants academic self-confidence and capabilities in preparation for the upcoming school year Service, Life Skills, and Team Work: Create opportunities for participants to learn important life and professional skills through work opportunities and service learning experiences in both the Hopkins and greater Baltimore City communities. Visualizing Success: Expose participants to science and health educational pathways so that they may visualize the possibility of pursuing careers as scientists, researchers, and health professionals. Thread Student Demographics How do we select our students? Thread Student Key Motivations for Thread Students DAASI Timeline November Orientation/ Recruiting Placements December Recruiting Placements January Finalizing Placements February Student Applications, Compliance Paperwork March Job Interviews with Thread Staff April Matching Placements by Thread May Interviews with employers June 27 Job begins *Note: All compliance paperwork completed through the Office for Student Diversity at JHUSOM DAASI Structure/Components Working Hours may vary but typically M-F from 12 to 5pm Professional develop/Life skills workshops Once a week on Th Sometimes includes an affiliate project Additional mentoring and supervision support through a placement of an undergraduate student What I Learned About the Lab The Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Research focuses on cancer research. For example, they study the difference between the DNA in normal cells and in cancer cells. The lab tries to understand how cancer works so they can detect cancer early to help people. Otolaryngology deals with medical conditions in the ear, nose, and throat. About 35 people work at the lab, from 13 different countries and speak 13 different languages. Countries: United States of America, Brazil, Japan, Philippines, Peru, Italy, Poland, Russia, China, Israel, Mexico, Puerto Rico (U.S. Territory) Languages: English, Japanese, Portuguese, Hebrew, Tagalog, French, Telugu, Spanish, Italian, Polish, Russian, Chinese, Korean W HO WAS H ENRIETTA L ACKS ? HeLa Cells Lab Safety Tips Juan Tucker Jr. HeLa cells are used in the lab to test theories. It is used as a testing model because there is an endless supply of HeLa cells. Always wear gloves Wear your lab coat No food or drinks in the lab Always wash your hands Put the gloves in the biohazard trash, not a regular trash can No open toe shoes Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Cancer Research The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD Biography Henrietta Lacks was an African-American woman who was born as Loretta Pleasant in Roanoke, Virginia on August 1, She had a son in 1935, a daughter in 1939, and was married in 1941 to her first cousin. Henrietta Lacks moved to Maryland and had three more children. On January 29, 1951, Henrietta Lacks went to Johns Hopkins Hospital where she was diagnosed with cervical cancer. She died as Henrietta Lacks on October 4, 1951 at the age of 31. Ethical Issue When Henrietta Lacks went to receive treatment for her cancer, Doctor. George Otto Gey stole her cells without her permission and her familys permission. The HeLa cells were the first line of human cells to survive outside a human body. Henrietta Lacks family found out about the cells in 1970s. The issue became a well-known in 1998, when a documentary about Henrietta Lacks was created. Acknowledgments I would like to thank Dr. Mariana Brait, Dr. Elisa Guida, Simy Buckwold, and Pranathi Ganni for their guidance during my time in the lab. Types of Lab Rats Long-evans Rat The Long-evans rat is most often used for diet-induced obesity, nutrition, and behavior research. Sprague-Dawley Rat The Sprague-Dawley rat is most often used for toxicology, aging, teratology, oncology, and nutrition research. Zucker Rat The Zucker rat is specifically for genetic obesity and type 2 diabetes research. L AB R ATS VS. W ILD R ATS Introduction Why not wild rats? Darren Davis Rats are very commonly used in medical laboratories to conduct different kinds of research. However, wild rats that can be found on the streets cannot be used for this purpose for many reasons. Laboratory rats are specially and carefully bred in an enclosed setting and different types of lab rats are used for different kinds of research. Wild rats such as those found in the corners of homes or in the sewers can carry diseases that would be very harmful to a human being. One bite may be enough to cause a person to catch a deadly disease and so these rats would not be safe to use in a lab setting. Also, these rats could be more aggressive and difficult to handle to do research. Trying to use these kinds of rats would cost more energy and time than needed. Lastly, these rats cannot serve as models because nothing is known about them. In order to do research, certain established animal models, with their genetic and physiological background known, must be used to prevent massive variations in data. Division of Behavioral Biology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD How are lab rats different? Lab rats are specially bred by companies and different strains are available for various kinds of research. These rats are absent of lethal, contagious diseases, allowing researchers to work with them without much fear of catching a disease. They are also less aggressive, making them easier to handle in a lab setting. The genetics of the lab rats of the same strain are almost all identical. So, doing research with animal models allows scientists to reduce the variation of their behavior and physiology so that the data collected are consistent without unwanted imbalances from their genetic makeup. Lab Rat Care All lab rats must be carefully taken care of as any mishandling is against the policies for lab animal care and can negatively affect the data to be collected. A common cage is shown above and it allows for feeding and providing water for their welfare. Enrichment such as a toy bone or small tunnel is also often provided. Acknowledgments I would like to thank Dr. Catherine Davis and Josh Kang for their guidance during my time in the lab. Conclusion During my time in the lab, I learned how to take care of and handle rats in a laboratory setting, how to analyze data using programs such as Microsoft Excel, and how to control the diet and food intake to optimize rats performance for certain behavioral tests. T HE GALLBLADDER Destiny Hines The small sac-shape organ beneath the liver where bile is stored after secretion by the liver and before release into the intestine. Location Under the liver on the right side of the abdomen Function To store and concentrate bile The Importance of Bile Bile is a bitter greenish-brown color fluid that aids digestion and is secreted by the liver. It helps break down fats into fatty acids, which can be taken into the body by the digestive tract. Department of Surgical Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD p What is the gallbladder? Some Diseases That May Develop Cholecystitis Inflammation of the gallbladder Symptoms: Fevers Pain Dr. Timothy M. Pawlik Dr. Pawlik received his undergraduate degree from Georgetown University in and he got his medical degree from tufts University School of Medicine in He completed his surgical training at the University of Michigan and he spent two years at the Massachusetts General Hospital as a surgical oncology research fellow. Dr. Pawlik went on for advanced training in surgical oncology at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston from His main clinical interests include alimentary tract surgery, with a special interest in hepatic and Pancreatobiliary diseases. Dr. Pawlik also has an interest in medical ethics and completed a fellowship in medical ethics at the Harvard school of public in of health as well as a masters in Theology from Harvard Divinity School in Boston. Then Dr. Pawlik came to Baltimore to be a general surgeon at Johns Hopkins University Medical School. Gallbladder Cancer Symptoms: Pain Fever Vomiting Weight lost Gallbladder Polyps Lining of the gallbladder Symptoms: Pain Swelling Nausea Dr. Pawlik is a wonderful surgeon. He will talk to you about your health and tell you what's going on with your body like why you are having so many symptoms. Dr. Pawlik talked to me about the gallbladder, which is something I never knew we had in our body. The gallbladder is a sac-shape organ beneath the liver. There are different types of diseases that can develop in the gallbladder. Some of the diseases are called gallbladder cancer, and cholecystitis. They can damage the organ in your body and you may experience weight loss, pain, and swelling. Dr. Pawlik let me go inside the OR to learn about the gallbladder, the liver and the pancreas. I was taken down to the pathology lab to see if the specimen was positive or negative for cancer. Based on the results, the patient has to be treated with chemotherapy or radiation after the surgery. What I've Learned From Dr. Pawlik T Thank You Dr. Pawlik and Shannon Otto for everything. Western Blot W HAT IS N EUROSCIENCE ? The Brain Elizabeth Scriber Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD The Neuron Brain Myths Myth: Your brain shape determines your characteristics (phrenology). Myth: You only use 10% of your brain. Myth: Drinking alcohol kills brain cells (BUT) Acknowledgments Special thanks to Dr. Kimberly Christian, Dr. Yijing Su, Sabrina Wang, and the Song Lab. Conclusion During my time at the lab, I learned about basic microbiology lab techniques such as Western Blots, maxi preparations, and PCR. I also learned basic neuroscience, pipetting skills, physics and chemistry knowledge, including how to determine concentrations and how centrifuges work. Parts of the Brain Frontal Lobe Making decisions Forms personality Involved in planning Parietal Lobe Touch Taste Temperature Occipital Lobe Seeing Temporal Lobe Hearing Sound Speech Cerebellum Balance Posture Coordination Dendrites Cell Body/Soma Nucleus Axon Schwann Cell The neuron can be compared to a mermaid, Ariel, as shown below. The dendrites receive signals, like Ariels antennae. The cell body can be compared to Ariels abdomen. The nucleus contains DNA and gene information. Schwann cells make the cell signal move faster. The axon carries the cell signal down, like Ariels tail. Western blots are used to test for a specific amount of protein. The steps of a western blot are: 1.Heat the protein samples at 95 degrees Celsius. 2.Centrifuge the samples for 30 seconds. 3.Run the samples on the gel for one hour. Match the electric cables and put the lid on. 4.Transfer the gel on to the membrane. Student Centered Feedback N=18 Employer Challenges N=18 Verified Resume For Responsibility, Teamwork, and Listening: 5= always, 4=most of the time, 3=sometimes, 2=occasionally, 1=rarely For Time Management, Information Handling and Oral Written Communication 5=could teach others, 4=can do himself, 3=needs some supervision, 2=needs much supervision, 1=cannot do. Teachable Moment Your high school student is walking down the hallway and runs into several faculty and staff. What do you expect the student to do? And what in your curriculum prepares them for this situation? Success Stories Darizs participation in DAASI during his first year resulted in him getting a paid lab technician job through the school year for the next two years. Dariz graduated as a Dunbar Honor Roll student and is now pursuing nursing at Bowie State University. Success Stories Myron participated in three years of DAASI working in laboratories for each of the years. He saw a 1.6 increase in GPA between his freshman year average to his senior year average and completed over 120 hours of community service. He is currently pursuing his bachelors in biology at Bowie State University. Success Stories Erica participated in three years of DAASI working in offices and clinics related to community health, nursing, and infectious disease. She saw a 2.4 increase in GPA between her freshman year average to her senior year average. Erica completed the YearUp program with an internship at Morgan Stanley. She currently has over a 3.0 GPA at BCCC and is planning to transfer to a Towson University in the spring. Questions What resources do you need to achieve goals? How can we be helpful?