DISTRIBUTION OF ENDEMIC MAMMALS IN THE PERUVIAN YUNGAS

Heidi Quintana & Victor Pacheco

MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURALUNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS

LIMA - PERU

PERU

The territory of Peru covers 1,285,256 km².It neighbors Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east, Bolivia to the southeast, Chile to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

Extension: 15 000 000 haExtension: 15 000 000 ha

PERUVIAN YUNGAS

Characteristics:The complex geology of the Andes has generated a landscape rich in biodiversity, endemism and unique ecosystems

Elevation: 800 – 3600 mElevation: 800 – 3600 m

MAMMALS

Eco region Diversity Endemic sp. %

Oceanic 35 0 0BT Pacific 58 0 0BS Ecuatorial 60 2 3.4Desert 54 6 10.2S. Esteparia 72 12 20.3Paramo 23 4 6.8Puna 60 8 13.6Yungas 210 37 62.7Rainforest 286 13 22Sabana 60 1 1.7

Endemism by Orders

METHODS

ORDERS SPECIES

Rodentia 29

Chiroptera 4

Primates 3

Artiodactyla 1

Cingulata 1

Didelphimorphia 1

Paucituberculata 1

40

Endemic Species

7

TYPE A

TYPE B

TYPE C

Habitat-Geographic Barriers

Endemic Species

LANDSCAPE

ECOLOGICAL FACTORS

Species Data RECORDS

Tools

Polygons elaboration

Compilation of Species

Information (literature,

museum records &

observations)

Polygons = Probable

Distribution

Create DataBase

TYPE A: POLYGONS

Polygon around the species records

Arc View 3

TYPE B: DEDUCTIVE MODEL

Species records Altitudinal

ranges –

Digital

Elevation

Model (DEM) North and South

limits Arc View 3

TYPE C: INDUCTIVE MODEL

Environmental variables layer

Elevation MODIS Arc View 3 Maxent

(a statistical mechanics approach)

Bio2 (Mean Temperature Diurnal Range)

Bio3 (Isothermality)

Bio13 (Precipitation of Wettest Month)

Bio14 (Precipitation of Driest Month)

Bio15 (Precipitation Seasonality)

Elevation

Slope

Topographic exposure

Percent tree cover*

Evi_pca1_5*: Principal component axis 1 of  temporal MODIS EVI data

Evi_pca2_5*: Principal component axis 2 of  temporal MODIS EVI data

VARIABLES

*summarized within 5 km moving window

RESULTS

Distribution along the Yungas

DEPRESION DE HUANCABAMBA

DEPARTMENTS LIMITS

Akodon aerosus

Distribution centered in the North

DEPRESION DE HUANCABAMBA

HUALLAGA RIVER

Akodon orophilus

PERENE RIVER

INAMBARI RIVER

Oecomys phaeotis

Central Distribution

INAMBARI RIVER

DEPARTMENT LIMIT

Distribution centered in the South

Akodon kofordi

Sturnira nana

Punctual Distribution

TAMBO RIVER

DEPARTMENT LIMIT

Carollia manu

Exceptions:

Gracilinanus aceramarcae

Gracilinanus aceramarcae

PRIORITY AREAS

Deductive Model

•Yungas Centrales de Bolivia

Inductive model

•Norwest of Huánuco

Above Inambari River

•Cordillera occidental de Vilcabamba

•Cordillera de Paucartambo

The species distribution model allows us to minimize errors by collecting specimens nearer to the roads and rivers.

Identify the remote natural areas in which it is likely that a species is located, based on the characteristics that they share with previously sampled sites.

The polygons around the points don’t provide the necessary precision for regional conservation in Peru.

CONCLUSIONS

THANK YOU!

SCGIS Heidi Quintana NavarreteHeidi.qn@gmail.com