Dissaster Management

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DISASTER MANAGEMENT


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In 1990 WHO had given a call to all nation to

meet disasters.

Why?

1977 Orisa and Andra Pradesh cyclones

1984 Mic leak in Bhopal

1996 Earthquake in Gujarat

1999 Orisa and Andra Pradesh cyclone.

2001 Earthquake Gujarat

2004 T Sunami


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All these situations caused large disruption

to ecology.

The term disaster means calamity or

sudden or great misfortune.


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Definition

A disaster has been defined as any occurrence

that causes damage, ecological distruption, loss

of human life or deterioration of health and health

services on a scale sufficient to warrant an extra

ordinary response from outside the affected

community

WHO


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Disaster is the occurrence of a sudden or

major misfortune which disrupt the basic

fabric and normal functioning of a society

orcommunity


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Classification of Disaster

1. Natural Disorders

a. Natural phenomena Beneath Earthssurface

- Earthquake

- Volcanic Eruptions

b. Natural Phenomena at Earth surface

- Land slides

- A Valances


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c. Meteorological / hydrological phenomina

- Windstorms (cyclone, Typhoon,

Haricano)

- Tornadoes

- Hailstorms and snows trams

- Sea surges

- Flood- Droughts


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d. Biological phenomena

- Locust swarms

- Epidemics of diseases

- Disasters


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2. Man made Disasters

a. Caused by War/Terrorist

- Conventional War

- Nuclear, Biological, physical and

chemical


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b. Caused by accidents

- Plane, train, ship & car

- Drowning

- Collapse of building

- Explosions

- Fire

- Biological

- Chemicals including poisonning


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Health problems common to all

Disasters

i. Climatic exposures

ii. Food and nutrition

iii. Mental health

iv. Communicable diseases


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Health care management

All major disaster can be managed with

the assistance from the

- State level

- Central level

- Notational level- International level


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1. Identify the agencies which involved

in health care management are

Local health personnel

Community

Local authorities of group

Charities


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2. Planning for Disaster relief

Simple plan, understand by every one

Put into action immediately

Plan should be flexible

Clear and concise

Adaptable for all the time

Extension of normal Hospital and publichealth working


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Rehearsed before implanting

Follow according to the flex priority

Advance warning

Coordination with interdepartmental

Preparedness


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3. Disaster manual

Introduction

Distribution of responsibilities

Disaster containment

Chronological action plan

Checklist of personnel and items

Rehearsal and circulation


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Stages of Management

Warning stage

Stage of impact

Stage of rescue operations Stage of Health and medical relief

Rehabilitation


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Chronological Action plan

Initial alert

Active hospital Disaster plan

Formulation of commends- Role of Hospital superintendent

- Role of Senior Nursing Officer

- Role of the PRO


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Clinical principles of management of causalities

- admission of patient

- clinical services- triage

0 Critically illness

0 moderately illness

0 manner illness


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Administrative Responsibilities

1. Documentation

2. Police documentation

3. Communications4. Friends & relatives

5. Crowd control

6. Investment of voluntary workers


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7. Patients property

8. Priers & broad casting service

9. Ambulance service10.Emergency light

11.Disposal of Deaths


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Major public health threat after

Disaster1. Malaria

2. Dig.. Diseases

3. Cholera

4. Respiratory Infections5. Infective hepatitis

6. Typhoid

7. Measles

8. Snakebite9. Burns

10. Cuts

etc.,


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Prevention is better than cure

Vaccination

- Cholera- Typhoid

- Measles


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Health education

- Food safely

- Basic sanitation

- Safe water

- Personal hygiene

- Vector control


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Health Resources

Surveillance


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Documents

Dissaster Management