Discussion and Status of theSolid Waste Management &

Recycling Strategiesincluded in the

AB 32 Draft Scoping Planto Reduce California Greenhouse

Gases

California Integrated Waste Management BoardAugust Board Meeting

August 19, 2008

Assembly Bill 32AB 32:

Sets the 2020 GHG limit at 1990 levelAssigns ARB to monitor/regulate GHG sourcesAppoints ARB as the lead with extensive collaboration

with other agenciesAB 32 requires CARB to:

Establish a 2020 GHG emissions target 427 MMTCO2e

Adopt mandatory reporting rules by January 1, 2009.Adopt a plan to achieve GHG reductions via regulations,

market mechanisms and other actions by January 1, 2009. Draft Scoping Plan released on 6/26/08

Adopt regulations to implement plan by January 1, 2011.2

AB 32 Timeline

3

2020200

7

200

8

200

9

201

0

201

1

201

2GHG reduction measures operative

GHG reduction measures adopted

Publish list of early actions

Publish scoping plan

Mandatory reporting & 1990 Baseline

Adopt enforceable early action regulations

Reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels

Identification/ implementation of further emission reduction strategies

Adopt Scoping Plan11/08

4

2002-2004 GHG Emissions - (469 MMTCO2E)

Climate Change Draft Scoping Plan: A Framework for ChangeCalifornia Air Resources Board

Net Changes in GHG emissions when changing from Landfilling to Recycling or Composting (MTCO2E/Ton)

Solid Waste Management and Greenhouse Gases: A life Cycle Assessment of Emissions and Sinks

7

Magnitude of the ChallengeMagnitude of the ChallengeARB Emissions Inventory

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1990 2000 2004 2020 2050

Year

Mil

lio

n M

etri

c T

on

s(C

O2

Eq

uiv

alen

t) 1990 Emission Baseline

~169 MMT CO2e Reduction

80% Reduction ~341 MMT CO2e

Climate Change Draft Scoping Plan: A Framework for ChangeCalifornia Air Resources Board

Scoping Plan

Describes how California will reduce GHG emission levels to 1990 levels by 2020Address every sector of the economy

Provides a vision for a low carbon future - 2020 and 2050

Maximize benefits to CaliforniaCriteria and toxic air pollutants reductionsEconomic development (greentech)

Must assess economic, environmental, public health and societal impacts in Plan

8

Scoping Plan (2) Preliminary recommendations – Car standards, low carbon fuel standard, land use,

energy efficiency, renewable portfolio standardMix of:

Direct regulationsRegional Cap and trade program linked to WCICarbon fees

Expect positive overall impact on co-pollutantsEfficiency and reduced fuel use

Targeted fees to fund implementation

9

Recycling & Waste Management Strategies in Scoping Plan

Landfill Methane Control (Discrete Early Action) – 1 MMTCO2e

Increasing Efficiency of Landfill Methane Capture - TBDLiquified Natural Gas from Landfill Gas – 1 MMTCO2eCommercial Recycling – up to 6.5 MMTCO2eIncrease Production & Markets for Compost – 3.1

MMTCO2eAnaerobic Digestion – 2.2. MMTCO2eExtended Producer Responsibility & Environmentally

Preferable Purchasing – TBDWatershed-Friendly Landscape Guidelines - TBD

Landfill Methane CaptureMethane 21 times the GWP of CO2Early Action Item must be in place by 1/1/2010Reduce methane emissions from landfills by

requiring gas collection and control systems on landfills where these systems are not currently required

Establish statewide performance standards to maximize methane capture efficiencies

ARB & CIWMB staff will explore opportunities to increase energy recovery from landfill methane gas

11

Landfill Methane Capture (2)

Expect annual reduction of ~1 MMTCO2e22-page draft regulatory language posted on

web siteOctober 2008 Staff Report available for 45-

day commentsNov. 2008 to ARB Board for adoptionFall 2009 in effecthttp://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/cc.htm – Early

Action Items – Landfill Methane Capture http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/landfills/landfills.htm Renaldo Crooks rcrooks@arb.ca.gov 916

327-5618 12

Other Landfill Strategies

Liquified Natural Gas from Landfill Gas CIWMB grant funded project at one landfillDemonstration of commercial scale technologiesProject completion – June 2009

Increasing Efficiency of Landfill Methane Capture Use recent CIWMB BMP guidance document as an

outreach toolIncrease efficiency beyond new landfill control

measure

Commercial Recycling60% of landfill waste is from commercial sectorFocuses on recovery of traditional recyclables

Paper, cardboard, plastics, lumber, metals, glassInstitute for Local Governments (ILG) CA Climate

Action Network (CCAN):CIMWB funded project - $200KConduct inventories, develop action plans,

implement policies, document case study, develop model ordinance

Voluntary implementation approach

Commercial Recycling – Key IssuesBoundary concerns

Where does the GHG reduction occur? Is point of re-manufacturing outside of CA? How much re-manufacturing occurs in California?

Potential double-counting of emission reductions“Leakage” issues – reduction of GHG emissions in

CA that result in an increase in GHG emissions outside of CA

Need CA market surveyImplementation mechanism

Voluntary versus regulatoryIf mandated, no carbon offsets for jurisdictions,

manufacturers, haulers, etc.

Increase Compost Production & Markets

SD 6.1 – 50% diversion of organics from landfills by 2020

LCA of organics management optionsBeneficial offsets of organics diversionEconomics analysis & GHG decision-making tool

Key issue has been lack of dedicated funding and reliance on fluctuating discretionary funds

AB 2866 fee increase, if enacted, would greatly enhance CIWMB’s ability to promote organics diversion

Increase Compost Production & Markets (2)

Organics RoadmapBMPs surveyBMP demonstration projectCaltrans/Local government workshopsCompost specifications for agricultureSiting & capacity workshopsCross media issuesOrganics Research ClearinghouseRoadmap #2 is underdevelopment

Anaerobic Digestion

Encourage the deployment of anaerobic digester projects

Produces renewable energy from biomassDisplaces fuel or energy derived from fossil

fuelsDeals with high methane-producing waste

types such as food waste, green waste, & other organics

UC Davis Anaerobic Digester Project - $120K

Extended Producer Responsibility & Environmentally Preferable Purchasing

EPR – Shared responsibility that reduces the life cycle environmental impacts of a productProduct design, supply chain, production, use, end-

of-lifeEPP – Environmentally preferable product choices

Opportunity for State to lead by examplesPurchasing choices that reduce the quantity &

toxicity of wastePurchasing recycled, repairable, durable goods

EPR & EPP – measures are undergoing further development and evaluation due to the potential for significant reductions in GHG emissions

Watershed Friendly Landscape

DWR - update State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance

Landscape Task Force Report – January 1, 2009Landscape locallyLandscape for less to the landfillNurture the soilConserve waterConserve energyProtect water & air qualityCreate & protect wildlife habitat

Additional Strategies in Scoping Plan that Involve CIWMB

Glass manufacturingHigh GWP foams & insulationGreen BuildingWater efficiency programsTire inflation & fuel-efficient tire standardsLocal government programs – transportation,

energy, waste/recycling, water useClimate change curriculum for K-12 as part

of Education & Environment Initiative

Other Activities

Climate Action Team – 12 CAT Subgroups

Participation in 6 CAT SubgroupsRecycling & Waste Management (Chair)Green BuildingLand UseAgricultureEconomicsResearch (New Subgroup)

Other Activities – cont’d

Participation in Protocol DevelopmentLandfill ProtocolLocal Government Operations ProtocolCommunity Protocol

Serve on Technical Advisory Group for Chicago Climate Exchange

Participation in CAPCOA Composting Work GroupInvolved in USEPA Climate Change activities

Webinar SeriesUSEPA WARM Model trainingDiscussion of future revisions to the WARM Model

Next Steps

ARB

Draft Scoping Plan supplemental documents published (economic evaluations)

October 2, 2008 - Final draft Scoping Plan with companion environmental document

November 2008 – ARB Board considers Scoping Plan (must be adopted by December 31, 2008)

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Next Steps

CIWMBComplete LCA and Economic Analysis of Organic

Management Options

Complete Economics Study for Commercial Recycling measure

Continue participation on CAT Subgroups

Work with ARB on measure implementation approach

Implementation of all proposed measures

Full implementation will require additional resources25

Staff Recognition

WCMP – Scott Walker, Stephanie YoungSTAR – Brenda Smyth, Clark Williams, Teri

WionLAMD – Cara Morgan, Kaoru Cruz, Jennifer

CaldwellCAT Team Coverage – Kevin Taylor, Jacques

Franco, Greg Dick, Ken Decio, David Otsubo