DINALUPIHAN RESTORATION OF ST.JOHN THE BAPTIST HURCH

8/14/2019 DINALUPIHAN RESTORATION OF ST.JOHN THE BAPTIST HURCH

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SUBMITTED BY:

SAMSON,KATHLEEN CELINE D.

DIAZ, RODOLF D.

RODRIGUEZ, LYNELD IVAN M.

BS ARCHITECTURE 4B

SUBMITTED TO:

ARCHITECT JESUSA ROBLES

ARCHIRECTURAL DESIGN 413


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RESTORATION OF ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST CHURCH

: Old photos of St. John the BaptistChurch


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:Old Photos of St. John the Baptist Church


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I: INTRODUCTION

ABSTRACT

The research paper present concepts, methods and details adopted for the

restoration of Saint John the Baptist church in Dinalupihan, Bataan. The church

has minor structural problems which are able to fix other part of the church such

as appropriate specifications for plasters, waterproofing materials, structural

solution also use of original materials, as far as possible. The replacing of theother material to a new materials and stitches for specific repairs like about the

gutter, canopy, roof and other minor part are some adjustment in some part of

the church. Materials and features from the restoration period are identified,

and features from the restoration period will be maintained, protected, repaired

and replaced, if necessary. The historic buildings appearance may be defined by

the form and detailing of its exterior materials, such as masonry, wood, and

metal; exterior features, such as roofs, porches, and windows; interior materials,

such as plaster and paint; and interior features, such as mouldings and

stairways, room configuration and spatial relationships. As opposed to other

treatments; missing features from the restoration period may be replaced, based

on documentary and physical evidence, using traditional materials or compatible

substitute materials. The final guidance emphasizes that only those designs that

can be documented as having been built should be re-created in a restoration

project. Identify, retain, and preserve materials and features from the restoration

period the guidance for the treatment restoration begins with recommendations

to identify the form and detailing of those existing architectural materials and

features that are significant to the restoration period as established by historical

research and documentation.


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-

-

-

: Present condition

of St. John the Baptist Parish

:Front Elevation

:Main Entrance

: Side Elevation

:Rear Elevation


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: OLD INTERIOR OF ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST CHURCH


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: PRESENT INTERIOR OF ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST CHURCH


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II. ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS

Church: ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST CHURCH

Location: RIZAL ST., POBLACION, DINALUPIHAN, BATAANArchitectural Style: MODERN ARCHITECTURE

Modern architecture is generally characterized by simplification of

form and an absence of applied decoration. It is a term applied to an overarching

movement, with its exact definition and scope varying widely.

Architectural Characters:

- simplicity and clarity of forms and elimination of "unnecessary detail"

- visual expression of structure (as opposed to the hiding of structural

elements)

- Emphasis on function

- Walls: contrasting materials and textures, or smooth, blank walls

- Windows: "special" windows, such as ribbon, picture, or awning windows;

usually a marked use of large expanses of glass on one section of the

structure, most often the rear, with small windows, if any, on other sections of

the church

- Landscape Integration: sliding glass doors, patios and outdoor living spaces,

large expanses of glass, courtyards, horizontal orientation and integration of

natural landscape features into design, use of natural materials

- Form: horizontal with simple, clean lines, form following function, exposed

structure, asymmetry, de-emphasis or lack of articulation at main entrance,

and lack of ornamentation.

- Modernist architecture emphasizes function. It attempts to provide for specific

needs rather than imitate nature.


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St. John the Baptist Parish was formerly constructed on November 11,

1913, designed by Architect Luis S. Manansala Jr...

It was reconstructed on June

30, 1985 under the Msgr.

Bruno Torpigliani,DJCD,D.D.

Presently, it was restored on

the early days of 2013.


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III. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

When the Spaniards arrived, Dinalupihan was a sitio of the community

of Llana Hermosa, which was in turn a town of Pampanga. Pampanga thenwas an encomienda. Dinalupihan became one of the vast properties of the

Archdiocese of Manila. As early as 1756, the former priests of Hermosa had

urged the people to make voluntary contributions of land to the Archdiocese.

Parcels of Dinalupihan became the favorite donation. In time, the Diocese

was able to accumulate vast tracks of land which became known as Diocesan

Estate which later on was known as Dinalupihan Estate.

The Dinalupihan Estate was a vast land covering the Tucop-

Pagalanggang agricultural area. It was the product of labor and perseverance

of the original settlers who had cleared and worked on the land. Before they

knew it, the archbishop had already obtained a grant from the Spaniards

government making the church as the owner of the estate.

Between 1817-1819, the Archbishop of Manila, Juan Antonio Zulaibar,

attempted to make money out of the vast area. He ordered the conversion of

the Dinalupihan Estate into a hacienda. He solicited funds from affluent

Manila based Spaniards and spent P 15,000.00 for the development of the

area into both sugar and rice fields. For the first three years, he sent 2,424

cavans of palay for seedlings and food for the farm managers or inquilinos.

Naturally, Archbishop Zulaibar expected big profits from the venture which he

intended to use to support the San Carlos Seminary, an archdiocesan facility.

Unfortunately, the operation of the hacienda was a failure. The fields

continued producing stunted plants. The appointed estate managers insisted

that it resulted from insect menace and regular flooding. It turned out,

however, that the managers were simply not entering into the books all the


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rentals that they were collecting from the workers. After three years, the

Archbishop closed the hacienda and opened another ranch somewhere else.

Sometime in 1820, or immediately after Manila Archbishop Juan Antonio

Zulaibar stopped the operation of Dinalupihan Hacienda, Dinalupihan is

believed to have been established as an informal pueblo (town).

Don Pedro Fermn Bernal, a secular priest from Lubao as the first

recorded Filipino missionary assigned in Dinalupihan. He was the pioneer

parish priest of Dinalupihan from 1839-1842. Don Pedro was assigned in

Dinalupihan to take care of spiritual needs of the early settlers in the area who

spent many years working in the sugarcane fields of Tucop and

Pagalanggang which were owned by the Archbishop of Manila. Starting from

scratch, Don Pedro immediately built the first visita (chapel) of St. John the

Baptist in its present site in 1839. It was the time when only town roads were

in actual use in Dinalupihan. These were the Burgos and the Zamora Streets

where the former Hacienda workers actually settled down while working in the

sugarcane fields.

Don Pedro Bernal stayed in Dinalupihan for three years and was

replaced by another secular priest, Don Bernardo Marcelo, in 1842. The third

secular priest was Don Mariano Miranda. The latter stayed in Dinalupihan

from 1847 until 1857, eight years before the former barangay of Hermosa

finally became a regular town.

Don Victoriano Chevarria, another secular parish priest, replaced Don

Miranda until 1875. The seculars continued to minister the parish until after

1898.


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A List of succeeding parish priest of Dinalupihan:

1875 - Don Bonifacio Socco

1885 - Don Bonifacio Icasiano

1890 - Don Bonifacio Socco

1893 - Don Domingo T. Anonuevo

1896 - Don Mariano Sarili

1897 - Don Francisco Ortiz

1898 - Don Mariano Almeyda

During the American and Japanese Occupations, the Church of St.

John the Baptist was under the ministration of the Parish Priest of the Church

of Llana Hermosa, which is under the Archdiocese of San Fernando,

Pampanga.

A List of succeeding parish priest of Dinalupihan:

1942Fr. Eduardo Cabangis

1943Msgr. Ricardo Esguerra

1957Fr. Vicente Alarcon

1957 - Fr. Florentino Guiao

1988Msgr. Wilfredo Fabros

1994Msgr. Josue Enero

2002Msgr. Edilfredo Cruz

2008Fr. Froilan Miguel

2010Fr. Maximo Villanueva

2011Fr. Rene De Leon


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IV. RESTORATION

A. Definition of Restoration

Restoration is defined as the act or process of accurately depicting

the form, features, and character of a property as it appeared at a particular

period of time by means of the removal of features from other periods in its

history and reconstruction of missing features from the restoration period. The

limited and sensitive upgrading of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems

and other code-required work to make properties functional is appropriate within

a restoration project. Building restoration describes a particular treatmentapproach and philosophy within the field of architectural conservation.

ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION

Architectural conservationdescribes the process through which the

material, historical, and design integrity of humanity's built heritage are prolonged

through carefully planned interventions. The individual engaged in this pursuit is

known as an architectural conservator. Decisions of when and how to engage in

an intervention are critical to the ultimate conservation of the immovable object.

Ultimately, the decision is value based: a combination of artistic, contextual, and

informational values is normally considered. In some cases, a decision to not

intervene may be the most appropriate choice.

Architectural conservation deals with issues of prolonging the life

and integrity of architectural character and integrity, such as form and style,

and/or its constituent materials, such as stone, brick, glass, metal, and wood. In

this sense, the term refers to the "professional use of a combination of science,


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art, craft, and technology as a preservation tool" and is allied with - and often

equated to - its parent fields, of historic environment conservation and art

conservation.

B. TREATMENT APPROACHES TO ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION:

Preservation, "places a high premium on the retention of all historic fabric

through conservation, maintenance and repair. It reflects a building's

continuum over time, through successive occupancies, and the respectful

changes and alterations that are made."

Rehabilitation"emphasizes the retention and repair of historic materials,

but more latitude is provided for replacement because it is assumed the

property is more deteriorated prior to work. (Both Preservation and

Rehabilitation standards focus attention on the preservation of those

materials, feature, finishes, spaces, and spatial relationships that,

together, give a property its historic character."

Restoration "focuses on the retention of materials from the most

significant time in a property's history, while permitting the removal of

materials from other periods.Restoration is defined as the act or processof accurately depicting the form, features, and character of a property as it

appeared at a particular period of time by means of the removal of

features from other periods in its history and reconstruction of missing

features from the restoration period. The limited and sensitive upgrading

of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems and other code-required

work to make properties functional is appropriate within a restoration

project.


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V. GUIDELINES IN RESTORATION OF THE CHURCH

A. Used as Reflection of Propertys Restoration Period

St. John the Baptist Parish will be utilized as it was historically use

which reflects the property's restoration period as the Mother Parish of the town

of Dinalupihan. This is under the Diocese of Balanga, Bataan. It was under the

ecclesiastical authority of Most Rev. Ruperto Santos, D.D., Bishop of Balanga.

Previously, the whole town of Dinalupihan was ecclesiastically under the Parish

Church of St. John the Baptist. The Parish celebrates its Feast Day every June

24; in honour of St. John the Baptist. The Parish also considers the Blessed

Virgin Mary as their Patroness. Presently, St. John the Baptist Parish covers the

18 Poblacion Barangays of the town of Dinalupihan.

B. Retention and Preservation of Materials and Features from Restoration

Period

Materials and features from the restoration period will be retained and

preserved. The removal of materials or alteration of features, spaces, and spatial

relationships that characterize the period will not be undertaken. The historic

character of a property will be retained and preserved. The replacement of intact

or repairable historic materials or alteration of features, spaces, and spatial

relationships that characterize a property will be avoided. Distinctive materials,features, finishes, and construction techniques or examples of craftsmanship that

characterize a property will be preserved.


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Materials used in St. John the

Baptist Parish:

a.) Spanish Style Ceramic Roof Tiles

The recent roof covering of the church

used red galvanized iron roof tile as

mirrored from the original ceramic tile of

the church. The used G.I. roof tile will be

replaced with Spanish Style Ceramic Roof Tiles to preserve the original

manifestation of the church.

RESTORE METHODOLOGY:

Identifying, retaining, and preserving roofsand their functional and decorative

featuresthat are important in defining the overall historic character of the

church. This includes the roofs shape, decorative features; and roofing material

the clay tile as well as its size, colour, and patterning. Stabilizing the deteriorated

or damaged roofs as a preliminary measure, when necessary, prior to

undertaking appropriate preservation work. Protecting and maintaining a roof bycleaning the gutters and downspouts and replacing deteriorated flashing. Roof

sheathing should also be checked for proper venting to prevent moisture

condensation and water penetration; and to insure that materials are free from

insect infestation. Providing adequate anchorage for roofing material to guard

against wind damage and moisture penetration. Protecting a leaking roof with

plywood and building paper until it can be properly repaired. Repairing a roof by

reinforcing the historic materials which comprise roof features using recognized

preservation methods. The new work should be unobtrusively dated to guide

future research and treatment. Replacing in kind extensively deteriorated ormissing parts of roof features or roof coverings when there are surviving

prototypes the new work should match the old in material, design, colour, and

texture; and be unobtrusively dated to guide future research and treatment.


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b.) Stained glass window

The stained glass is coloured glass

used as a material or to works created from it.

Throughout its thousand-year history, the term has

been applied almost exclusively to the windows of

churches and other significant buildings.


Stained glass used in the

window of the church to show the religious

images like the station of the cross and

religious symbols. These windows provide

natural lighting in the church as well as

aesthetic material. As the natural light pass

through the glass window, the created

figures and images in the stained glass glow and shine that makes the interior

more scenic and exquisite to the viewers.

The stained glass will be cleansed and polished to

maintain its natural pigmentation. Shuttered and mislaid pieces

of glass will be superceding

with new glass having the

same property and quality of

the antiquated glass. The outerface of the window will have

maintenance cleaning to

preserve the historical quality

of the church.

: ALTAR WINDOW

: STAINED GLASS WINDOW

: ALTAR WINDOWS


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c.) Marble finishes wall and flooring

The church used a combination of pure white marble

in the walls, floors and holy water font or stoup, and

red marble in the flooring which results to a

magnificent effect in the interior creating a more scenic

view.

RESTORE

METHODOLOGY:

The marble floorings and wallings will be cleansed

using a power wash with a high pressure compressor

to extremely clean the material. Stains will be

eradicated using chemical formula that will not alter the

physical properties and quality of the marble. Cracked

fragments will be repair and replace with comparable

features to maintain the antiquity of the church. Stabilizing deteriorated or damaged interior features

and finishes as a preliminary measure, when

necessary, prior to undertaking appropriate

preservation work. Protecting and maintaining marble

that comprise interior features through appropriate

surface treatments such as cleaning, stain removal,

limited paint removal, and reapplication of protective

coating systems.

: HOLYWATER FONT OR STOUP

: SESSION HALL FLOORING

: COLUMN FACADE

: AISLE FLOORING


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d.) Wall cladding

Cladding is the application of

one material over another to provide a

skin or layer intended to control the

infiltration of weather elements, or for

aesthetic purposes. Cladding does not

necessarily have to provide a waterproof

condition but is instead a control element.

This control element may only serve to

safely direct water or wind in order to

control run-off and prevent infiltration into

the building structure. Cladding applied to

windows is often referred to as window

capping and is a very specialized field.

Masonry is the type of wall

cladding used in St. John the Baptist

Church, which involves the application of

carved stone or brick to the facade of the

church. Stone as a cladding material is

typically very durable, though depending

on the particular design, it may not be as

waterproof as other types of cladding.

Certain types of stone cladding may allow

water to penetrate to the underlying woodsurface, which can allow it to rot if left

unattended.

: ALTAR WALL

: FACADE WALL

: STUCCO AND BRICK SIDE WALL

: FACADE WALL CLADDING


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Bricks, stone and adobe wall cladding in

the exterior and decorative brick stone and marble

wall cladding in the interior are used in the walls of

the St. John the Baptist church. Stabilizingdeteriorated or damaged masonry as a

preliminary measure, when necessary, prior to

undertaking appropriate preservation work.

Protecting and maintaining masonry by providing

proper drainage so that water does not stand on

flat, horizontal surfaces or accumulate in

curved decorative features. Cleaning

masonry only when necessary to halt

deterioration or remove heavy soiling.

The upgrade will involve a general

cleaning of the faade and every wall in

the interior and exterior using a power

wash with a high pressure compressor in

all the brick work and wall cladding in

these areas. The exterior of the wall especially the rear elevation which is a

session hall for prayers before will be cleaned and concealed in order to be used

again. The finished application will be invisible, the original appearance and

breathability of the cladding will be maintained. Repairing masonry walls andother masonry features by repointing the mortar joints where there is evidence of

deterioration such as disintegrating mortar, cracks in mortar joints, loose bricks,

damp walls, or damaged plasterwork.Repairing masonry features by patching,

piecing-in, or otherwise reinforcing the masonry using recognized preservation

methods. The new work should be unobtrusively dated to guide future research

and treatment. Applying new or non-historic surface treatments such as water-

repellent coatings to masonry only after repointing and only if masonry repairs

have failed to arrest water penetration problems.

: GATE ADOBE COLUMN

: REAR STONE WALL CLADDING


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e.) Wood ceilings, altar and detailed works

The church used plank wood panels in the altar

ceiling, mahogany solid wood in the altar,wall

panels,and confession area, and large ply wood

for the church ceiling. Some of these areas have

deteriorated wood part. The ceiling near the bell

tower have water leakage that made the ceiling

ruined due to the rain water that passes through

the roof. Other wood works needs maintenance in

cleaning to preserve the natural appearance of

the wood.


Identifying, retaining, and preserving wood

features that are important in defining the

overall historic character of the building such

as siding, ceilings, cornices, brackets,

window architraves, and doorway

pediments; and their paints, finishes,

and colors. Stabilizing deteriorated or

damaged wood as a preliminary

measure, when necessary, prior to

undertaking appropriate preservation

work. Protecting and maintaining

wood features by providing proper

drainage so that water is not allowed to stand on flat,

horizontal surfaces or accumulate in decorative

features. Applying chemical preservatives to wood

: ALTAR DECORATED WOODEN COLUMN

: ALTAR WOODEN CEILING

: ALTAR WOOD ORNAMENTS


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features such as beam ends or outriggers that are

exposed to decay hazards and are traditionally

unpainted. Retaining coatings such as paint that

help protect the wood from moisture and ultraviolet

light. Paint removal should be considered only

where there is paint surface deterioration and as

part of an overall maintenance program which

involves repainting or applying other appropriate

protective coatings. Inspecting painted wood

surfaces to determine whether repainting is

necessary or if cleaning is all that is required.

Removing damaged or deteriorated paint to the

next sound layer using the gentlest method

possible (handscraping and handsanding), then repainting.Applying compatiblepaint coating systems following proper surface preparation. Repainting withcolors that are appropriate to the historic building and district. Evaluating the

existing condition of the wood to determine whether more than protection and

maintenance are required, is, if repairs to wood features will be necessary.

Repairing, stabilizing, and conserving fragile wood using well-tested

consolidants, when appropriate. Repairs should be physically and visually

compatible and identifiable upon close inspection

for future research. Repairing wood features by

patching, piecing-in, or otherwise reinforcing the

wood using recognized preservation methods.

The new work should be unobtrusively dated to

guide future research and treatment.

: CONFESSION ROOM

: DETERIORATED CEILING

: DECORATIVE ALTAR DECORATION


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f.) Architectural Metals

(Cast iron, steel, pressed tin, copper,

aluminium, and zinc)

St. John the Baptist church used

architectural metals in the church details. In the

main entrance gate and main entrance porch of

the church, architectural details as the metal

gates and decorations can be seen in the entry

way. The old church bell is located in the western

front of the church. Other architectural metals are

the historical plate of the church, gate

decorations, chandelier, wall lightings, and stairs

to the bell tower, prayer templates, door swings

and windows. Some of these features are old

and deteriorated which needs to be repair and

restore the quality of the materials, especially the

stairs to the bell tower, which needs a wide

renovation in order to be operating again.


Identifying, retaining, and preserving

architectural metal features such as, window

hoods, or stairways that are important in defining

the overall historic character of the building; and

their finishes and colours. Identification is also

critical to differentiate between metals prior to

work. Each metal has unique properties and thus

requires different treatments. Stabilizing


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deteriorated or damaged architectural metals as a

preliminary measure, when necessary, prior to

undertaking appropriate preservation work.

Protecting and maintaining architectural metals

from corrosion by providing proper drainage so

that water does not stand on flat, horizontal

surfaces or accumulate in curved, decorative

features. Cleaning architectural metals, when

appropriate, to remove corrosion prior to

repainting or applying other appropriate protective

coatings. Identifying the particular type of metal

prior to any cleaning procedure and then testing to assure

that the gentlest cleaning method possible is selected or

determining that cleaning is inappropriate for the

particular metal. Repairing, stabilizing, and conserving

fragile architectural metals using well-tested consolidants,

when appropriate. Repairs should be physically and

visually compatible and identifiable upon close inspection

for future research. Repairing architectural metal features

by patching, piecing-in, or otherwise reinforcing the metal

using recognized preservation methods. The new work

should be unobtrusively dated to guide future research

and treatment.


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: DOOR GRILLED GATES

: BELL TOWER STAIRCASE

: ENTRANCE GATE

: SIDE GATE


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C. Preservation of distinctive materials, features, finishes, and construction

techniques or examples of craftsmanship that characterize the restoration

period

Windows, doors, materials and other architectural features make a considerable

contribution to the overall quality of buildings and these must be respected when

contemplating any alteration or extension. Traditional details found on the original

building should be carefully restored rather than replaced, and such details

should be incorporated into any extension

Architectural Characters and Features of St. John the Baptist Church:

a.) Architectural Mouldings

Mouldingis decorative strip either

a strip of wood or another material used to

decorate or finish a surface of a wall or a

piece of furniture which is something made

or produced in mould. Moulding is a member

of construction or decoration so treated as tointroduced varieties of outline or contour in

edges, or surfaces, whether on projections

or cavities, as on cornices, capitals, bases door and window jambs and

heads. Decorative mouldings are used in door jamb and altar of St. John

Church. The door jamb was decorated with egg and dart moulding which is

also called as Egg-and-tongue is an ornamental device often carved in wood,

stone, or plaster quarter-round ovolo mouldings, consisting of an egg-shaped

object alternating with an element shaped like an

arrow, anchor or dart. Different kinds of

architectural mouldings are used in the altar and

in the faade of the church.


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: JESUS SHRINE MOULDINGS

: PARAPET CORNICES

: CANOPY MOULDING AND CORNICE


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b.) Architectural cornices

Cornice is any moulded

projection which crowns or finishes

the part to which it is fixed. It is an

ornamental moulding usually wood

or plaster, running round the walls of

a room just below the ceiling. These

cornices are used in the ceiling and

below the ceiling of the church.

Cornices were also used in the

decorations of the altar which is

made up of wood, varnished with

mahogany red colour pigment and

golden paint.

: CEILING CORNICES


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c.) Doors and Windows

Windows and doorsare some of the most important features of the

church. Even small alterations can have a huge impact on the buildings overall

appearance. Where the original windows exist, they should be repaired rather

than replaced. It is often cheaper to employ a specialist craftsman to overhaul the

existing rather than insert new ones. Where replacement is unavoidable,

accurate reproductions of the original are essential.

New windows should be fixed in the same position as

the original, recessed from the face of the building. The

windows used stained glass creating images which

contribute to the religious value of the church. The door

used door grill to provide natural ventilation in the

church. The main door used sliding door solid wood

curved with the Ten Commandments of God which is

hidden inside the wall of the church. The window in the

bell tower used clay window to provide natural lighting

and ventilation inside the tower.

: ALTAR CLERESTORY WINDOW

: SLIDING PANEL DOOR


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Protecting and maintaining the

architectural metals which comprise

the window frame, sash, muntins, and

surrounds through appropriate surface

treatments such as cleaning, rust removal, limited paint removal, and re-

application of protective coating systems.

: GRILLED ENTRANCE DOOR

: BELL TOWER SCREEN BLOCK WINDOW


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e.) Stucco Wall

Stucco or render is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and

water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as

decorative coating for exterior walls of the church as an artistic material in

architecture. Stucco may be used to cover other construction materials such as

concrete, cinder block, clay brick, adobe, or wood.


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f.) Coffered and

Suspended ceiling

A coffer (or

coffering) in architecture,

is a sunken panel in the

shape of a square,

rectangle, or octagon in a

ceiling, soffit or vault. A

series of these sunken

panels were used as

decoration for a ceiling or a vault, also called caissons ('boxes"), or lacunaria

("spaces, openings"),so that a coffered ceiling can be called a lacunar ceiling: the

strength of the structure is in the framework of the coffers. Square coffered

ceiling was used in the ceiling of St. John Church.

A dropped or suspended ceiling is often a secondary ceiling, hung

below the main (structural) ceiling. It may also be referred to as a drop ceiling, T-

bar ceiling, false ceiling, or suspended ceiling, and is a staple of modern

construction and

architecture. The

area above the

dropped ceiling is

called the plenum

space, as birds and

bats are stayingduring the mass in

the church.


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g.) Painted Altar Ceiling

One of the most magnificent features of St. John the Baptist Church

was the ceiling painting above the altar. The painting was the Holy family when

Jesus Christ was still a baby with angels flying in the background. The Holy

Family consists of the Child Jesus, the Virgin Mary, and Saint Joseph. The Feast

of the Holy Family is a liturgical celebration in the Roman Catholic Church in

honour of Jesus of Nazareth, his mother, the Blessed Virgin Mary, and his foster

father, Saint Joseph, as a family.


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h.) The Altar

Altar is an elevated

table, slab or structure often of

stone, rectangular or oval, for

religious rites or offerings. St.

Johns altar was made up of

magnificent solid mahogany

wood polished and varnished,

and painted with golden pigment

in some decorative details of the

altar. The details of the altar

were classical style which uses

capitals, columns, and

architectural mouldings and

cornices making it as the central

attraction of the church.


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i.) Bell Tower

A bell tower is a tower which contains one or more

bells, or which is designed to hold bells. The Italian term

campanile (/kmpnili/; Italian pronunciation:

[kampanile]), deriving from the word 'campana' meaning

bell, is synonymous with 'bell tower'. A bell tower may also

be called a belfry, though this term may also refer to the

substructure which houses the bells rather than the tower

as a whole.

Old bell towers may be kept for their historic or iconic

value, though in countries with a strong campanological

tradition they often continue to serve their original purposesas well.

j.)Canopy

A canopy is an overhead roof or else a

structure over which a fabric or metal covering is

attached, able to provide shade or shelter. A

canopy can also be a tent, generally without a

floor. Architectural canopies include projections

giving protection from the weather, or merely

decoration. Such canopies are supported by the

building to which they are attached and often alsoby a ground mounting provided by not less than

two stanchions, or upright support posts.


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k.) Parapet

A parapet is a barrier which is an extension of the wall at the edge of a roof,

terrace, balcony, or other structure. Where extending above a roof, it may simplybe the portion of an exterior wall that continues above the line of the roof surface,

or may be a continuation of a vertical feature beneath the roof such as a fire wall

or party wall. Parapets were originally used to defend buildings from military

attack, but today they are primarily used as guard rails and to prevent the spread

of fires.

l.) Bas Relief

Relief, or relievo rilievo, is a sculptural

technique. The term relief is from the

Latin verb relevo, to raise. To create a

sculpture in relief is to give the

impression that the sculpted material

has been raised above the background

plane. What is actually performed when

a relief is cut in from a flat surface of

stone or wood is a lowering of the field,leaving the unsculpted parts seemingly

raised. The technique involves

considerable chiselling away of the

background, which is a time-consuming

exercise with little artistic effect if the

lowered background is left plain, as is often the case. On the other hand, a relief

saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed

than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the

ankles are a potential weak point, especially in stone. In other materials such as

metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mch the form can be just added

to or raised up from the background, and monumental bronze reliefs are made by

casting. The bass relief was located in the rear wall in the church showing the

station of the cross. This area was hidden garden of arts where visitors are

prohibited to enter due to the development undertaken in the church.


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m.) Classical Chandelier

A chandelier is a decorative ceiling-

mounted light fixture. Chandeliers are oftenornate, and normally use lamps. Crystal

Chandeliers has more or less complex arrays of

crystal prisms to illuminate a room with refracted

light.

n.) Awning Window

Awning windows are hinged

at the top and open outward. Usually

wider than they are tall, their entire

sash opens to provide full side-to-side

ventilation.

An awning window is a casement window that is hung horizontally,

hinged on top, so that it swings outward like an awning.

o.) Screen Wall Blocks

A unique product separates and

defines space and creates openness like no

other. This decorative, yet functional block

provides excellent protection against the

sun's heat and action from glare, at the

same time allowing welcoming breezes to

pass through. This wall block was used as

window in the bell tower of the church which

provide natural and ventilation inside.


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Materials, features, spaces, and finishes that characterize other

historical periods of St. John Church will be documented prior to their alteration

or removal. Deteriorated features from the restoration period will be repaired

rather than replaced. Where the severity of deterioration requires replacement of

a distinctive feature, the new feature will match the old in design, colour, texture,

and, where possible, materials.

Replacement of missing features from the restoration period will besubstantiated by documentary and physical evidence. A false sense of history

will not be created by adding conjectural features, features from other properties,

or by combining features that never existed together historically.

Chemical or physical treatments, if appropriate, will be undertaken

using the gentlest means possible. Treatments that cause damage to historic

materials will not be used. Designs that were never executed historically will not

be constructed.

Each property will be recognized as a physical record of its time, place,

and use. Work needed to stabilize, consolidate and conserve materials and

features from the restoration period will be physically and visually compatible,

identifiable upon close inspection, and properly documented for future research.


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D. Archaeological resources affected by a project will be protected and

preserved in place. If such resources must be disturbed, mitigation

measures will be undertaken.

The demolition, extension or insensitive alteration of these buildings

could result in the loss of areas special character and this should be remembered

when considering any works.

Statues and Bass

Reliefs

One of the distinct

features of St. John the Baptist

Church was the bass reliefs in the

rear area of the church, statues

and shrines. This area was a

garden with bass reliefs

comprising of the station of Jesus

in the Cross. This magnificent

creation was hidden due to the

alteration done in the church. The

session hall in the rear of the

church became storage because

of the orientation of the area which was no longer able to use. The cave like

appearance of the session hall was a distinct feature like a hidden paradise in theback of the church. Restoration of the area will be a satisfactory for everyone

who will visit the church. Sculptures inside and outside the church enhance the

religious factor of the church.

: ANGEL STATUE


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: SAVE THE UNBORN SHRINE : JESUS SHRINE

: LAST SUPPER BASS RELIEF

: VIRGIN MARY SHRINE: RELIGIOUS STATUES


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: JESUS STATUE

: STONE TABLE

: JESUS AT THE GETHSEMANE

: HIDDEN PARADISE

: BASS RELIEF


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Protect and maintain materials and features from the restoration period

after identifying those existing materials and features from the restoration period

that must be retained in the process of Restoration work, then protecting and

maintaining them is addressed. Protection generally involves the least degree of

intervention and is preparatory to other work. Protection includes the

maintenance of historic material through treatments such as rust removal,

caulking, limited paint removal, and re-application of protective coatings; the

cyclical cleaning of roof gutter systems; and other temporary protective measures

in St. John Church.

Restoration guidance focuses upon the preservation of those materials

and features that are significant to the period. Consequently, guidance for

repairing a historic material, such as masonry, again begins with the least degree

of intervention possible, such as strengthening fragile materials through

consolidation, when appropriate, and repointing with mortar of an appropriate

strength. Repairing masonry as well as wood and architectural metals includes

patching, splicing, or otherwise reinforcing them is using recognized preservation

methods. Similarly, portions of a historic structural system could be reinforced

using contemporary material such as steel rods.

In Restoration, repair may also include the limited replacement in

kindor with compatible substitute materialof extensively deteriorated or

missing parts of existing features when there are surviving prototypes to use as a

model. Examples could include stucco wall , wood works, or bass relief massing.


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VI. MINOR PROBLEMS AND THEIR RESTORE METHODOLOGY:

a.) Bell Tower

The stairway case condition was ruined,

worsen, and functionless due to the steeldeterioration and have unstable condition. Some

of its treads and runs are dangerous to escalate,

and almost the whole steel stair was ruined by

the rust. The covering at the top of the bell tower

has a ravage area causing the water to leak

inside the bell tower. The maintenance of the

tower was not retaining due to thick dungs and

waste of birds and bats on the flooring and steps

of the stair. The painted Walls in the bell tower

faded.


Retaining and preserving architectural metal features particularly

stairways are important in defining the overall historic character of the church and

their finishes and colours. Stabilizing the deteriorated or damaged architectural

metals as a preliminary measure, when necessary, prior to undertaking

appropriate preservation work. Protecting and maintaining architectural metals

from corrosion by providing proper drainage so that water does not stand on flat,

horizontal surfaces or accumulate in curved, decorative features. Cleaningarchitectural metals, when appropriate, to remove corrosion prior to repainting or

applying other appropriate protective coatings. Replacement of new staircase

can be a possible solution to make the bell tower functionable.

b.) Drainage System (Gutter, downspouts,

flashing and canopy)

Some of the old gutters and downspouts of thechurch were wrecked and removed by time, which

causes rain water to flow inside and outside the

church. The fascia board around the roof and the

exterior ceiling were being shattered due to the water


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leakage and has to be repair due to the

deterioration of the materials.

Canopy

The gutters and downspouts of the canopy

were also dislocated that causes water-leaks at the

main entrance of the church.


Replacement of new gutters and downspouts below the roof and the

canopy will be a better solution to prevent the continuous damage in the ceiling

and board in the exterior of the church. A proposal of storm drainage system will

be insinuate to preclude the rain water to flow inside the church during rainy day

seasons. The flushing and gutters between the roof and the wall of the bell tower

shall be repair and replace with new gutter to obstruct the water leakage inside

the church which caused the fragmenting of the ceiling inside the church.

c.) Ceiling

Some portions of the ceiling

were removed and decayed due to

the water leakage from the flashing

and gutter above the ceiling. Some

painted parts of the ceiling have

been faded having a stained from

rotting wood and rust from the roof.


Protecting and maintaining wood features from the ceiling of the church by

providing proper drainage so that water is not allowed to stand on flat, horizontal

surfaces or accumulate in decorative features.Retaining coatings such as paintthat help protect the wood from moisture and ultraviolet light. Paint removal

should be considered only where there is paint surface deterioration and as part


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of an overall maintenance program which involves repainting or applying other

appropriate protective coating. Evaluating the existing condition of the wood todetermine whether more than protection and maintenance are required, that is, if

repairs to wood features from the restoration period will be necessary.

d.) Stained Glass Window

Some of the window frames were

ruined by the rust causing the steel

frames deterioration. Stained glasses

were not unsubstantiated which caused

the decreasing brightness of the

magnificent colour of the stained glass

religious scene in the interior of thechurch when the sunlight passes through

the coloured glass.


Cleaning window frames to eradicate the grime and rust and when

appropriate, to remove corrosion prior to repainting or applying other appropriate

protective coatings. Surrogate the shambled window frames to maintain the

function of the openings. The exterior frontage of stainedglass from exterior area must be scour to sustain the

magnificent quality of the glass.

e.) Derelict and Unexploited rooms

The confession room and the session hall that was

used for private gatherings of parish staff was not retained,

and the other rooms were transformed into storage rooms..


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- The derelict rooms like the prayer, confession and gathering room must be

cleaned and restore the details to retain their use in the church. Recreating

the missing parts and features of the church that existed during the periodretains the historical quality of the structure.

f.) Rear garden (hidden paradise of the church)

The old garden at the back of the church was

left unmaintained and abandoned. The bas relief,

showing the Stations of the Cross up to the Mt.

Calvary were left faded and broken. This magnificent

feature of the church was been neglected due to the

development that exist in the church. The new parish

office and convent block the way in the garden at back

of the church. Reopening the side of the church can

relief the community to apprehend the historical value

of the church.


Using compatible substitute material is an

acceptable alternative in Restoration because, as

emphasized, the goal of this treatment is to replicate

the appearance of the historic building at a particular

time, not to retain and preserve all historic materials as

they have evolved over time. The materials used

in the bass relief must be identified to repair the

broken parts of the sculptures. Reopening of thegarden to the public must be utilized to be

apprehended by the community.


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VII.CONCLUSION FOR RESTORATION PROCESS:

a.) Identify, Retain, and Preserve Materials and Features from the

Restoration Period

- The churchs appearance may be defined by the form and detailing of its

exterior materials, such as masonry, wood, and metal; exterior features, such as

roofs, porches, and windows; interior materials, such as plaster and paint; and

interior features, such as mouldings and stairways, room configuration and

spatial relationships, as well as structural and mechanical systems; and the

buildings site and setting.

b.) Protect and Maintain Materials and Features from the Restoration Period

- Protection generally involves the least degree of intervention and is preparatory

to other work. For example, protection includes the maintenance of historic

material through treatments such as rust removal, caulking, limited paint removal,

and re-application of protective coatings; the cyclical cleaning of roof gutter

systems; or installation of fencing, alarm systems and other temporary protective

measures.

c.) Repair (Stabilize, Consolidate, and Conserve) Materials and Features

from the Restoration Period

- Restoration guidance focuses upon the preservation of those materials and

features that are significant to the period. Consequently, guidance for repairing a

historic material, such as masonry, again begins with the least degree of

intervention possible, such as strengthening fragile materials through

consolidation, when appropriate, and repointing with mortar of an appropriate

strength. Repairing masonry as well as wood and architectural metals includespatching, splicing, or otherwise reinforcing them uses recognized preservation

methods. Similarly, portions of a historic structural system could be reinforced

using contemporary material such as steel rods. In Restoration, repair may also

include the limited replacement in kindor with compatible substitute material


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of extensively deteriorated or missing parts existing features when there are

surviving prototypes to use as a model.

d.) Replace Extensively Deteriorated Features from the Restoration Period

- In Restoration, replacing an entire feature from the restoration period (i.e., a

cornice, balustrade, column, or stairway) that is too deteriorated to repair may be

appropriate. Together with documentary evidence, the form and detailing of the

historic feature should be used as a model for the replacement. Using the same

kind of material is preferred; however, compatible substitute material may be

considered.

e.) Remove Existing Features from Other Historic Periods

- Most buildings represent continuing occupancies and change over time, but in

Restoration, the goal is to depict the building as it appeared at the most

significant time in its history. Thus, work is included to remove or alter existing

historic features that do not represent the restoration period. This could include

features such as windows, entrances and doors, roof dormers, or landscape

features of the church.

f.) Re-Create Missing Features from the Restoration Period

- Restoration of the church involve re-creating features that were significant to

the building at a particular time, but are now missing. Each missing feature

should be substantiated by documentary and physical evidence. Without

sufficient documentation for these re-creations, an accurate depiction cannot be

achieved. Combining features that never existed together historically can also

create a false sense of history. Using traditional materials to depict lost features

is always the preferred approach; however, using compatible substitute material

is an acceptable alternative in Restoration because, as emphasized, the goal of

this treatment is to replicate the appearance of the church at a particular time,

Documents

DINALUPIHAN RESTORATION OF ST.JOHN THE BAPTIST HURCH