Digestive (alimentary) system

Alimentary canal: tubular passage for digestion and absorption of food and the elimination of food residue; begins at the mouth and ends at the anus

Ingestion

• Taking substances like food or drink into the body through the mouth.

Digestion •the break down of large food pieces into small, water soluble molecules

Mouth: the opening through which an animal or human takes in food

Ingestion,

Digestion

Salivary Glands

• Glands that produce saliva, an important part of chemical digestion in the mouth

enzyme - amylase

Digestion

Esophagus: a muscular passage connecting the mouth with the stomach

Food moves down the esophagus via peristalsis – muscles contract and relax

Liver: large gland responsible for:

1) the uptake, storage, and disposal of nutrients and toxins

2) the production of proteins and metabolism of substances produced by the body

Digestion,

Assimilation

Pancreas:

a gland, near stomach; secretes a digestive fluid into the intestine through one or more ducts and also secretes the hormone insulin

Digestion

• Gall Bladder:– stores Bile; a

yellow-green liquid made in the liver used to break up fats

Digestion

Stomach: a saclike enlargement of the alimentary canal; forming an organ for storing, diluting, and digesting food

Digestion

Small intestine: lies between the stomach and colon, consists of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, secretes digestive enzymes, and is the chief site of the absorption of digested nutrients Absorption

•Absorption – the movement of digested food molecules through the wall of the intestine into the blood

Duodenum:the first portion of the small intestine, from the stomach

Jejunum: middle portion of the small intestine; between the duodenum and the ileum

Ileum:the third and lowest division of the small intestine

•Assimilation – the movement of digested food molecules into the cell where they are used

Large intestine: terminal division of the vertebrate intestine that is wider and shorter than the small intestine; divided into cecum, colon, and rectum; reabsorption of water and the formation of feces Some Absorption

Colon: the part of the large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum

Rectum: terminal part of the intestine from the colon to the anus

Anus: the opening at the lower end of the alimentary canal, through which the solid refuse of digestion is excreted

Egestion

• Passing food through the anus that has not been digested;

• Called faeces