Digestion Unit Day 8

Digestion Unit Day 8Digestion Unit Day 8

"He is happiest, be he king or "He is happiest, be he king or peasant, who finds peace in peasant, who finds peace in

his home."his home." --Johann von GoetheJohann von Goethe

Today’s AgendaToday’s Agenda

Objectives 15 & 16Objectives 15 & 16– List nutrientsList nutrients– Practice Practice – Notes on objectives 17 & 18Notes on objectives 17 & 18

Daily QuizDaily Quiz

Obj. 15Obj. 15

CalorieCalorie: : The amount of energy The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of required to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree one gram of water one degree Celsius.Celsius.

MetabolismMetabolism: Sum total of all : Sum total of all chemical reactions occuring in a body chemical reactions occuring in a body cell. cell. – May be May be anabolicanabolic (building) or (building) or cataboliccatabolic

(breaking down.)(breaking down.)

Obj. 15Obj. 15

NutrientNutrient: : A substance A substance present in food that is used present in food that is used by the body to promote by the body to promote normal growth, normal growth, maintenance, or repair.maintenance, or repair.

Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their SourcesSources

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates::– CerealsCereals– GrainsGrains– BreadBread– Pasta Pasta

Digested in Digested in mouth & Sm. mouth & Sm. IntInt..


Lipids:Lipids:– Animal Animal

productsproducts– DairyDairy– NutsNuts– Fats, Oils &Fats, Oils &

ButterButter Digested in Sm. Digested in Sm.

IntInt..


ProteinProtein– Meats, Nuts, Fats, Oils & ButterMeats, Nuts, Fats, Oils & Butter

Digested in Stomach & Sm. IntDigested in Stomach & Sm. Int..


MineralsMinerals– Various Various

SourcesSources Absorbed in Absorbed in

Sm. IntestineSm. Intestine


VitaminsVitamins– Various Various

SourcesSources Absorbed in Absorbed in

Sm. Int. & Sm. Int. & Large Int.Large Int.


WaterWater– Most Food Most Food

SubstancesSubstances Absorbed in Absorbed in

Large Int.Large Int.

Name the 6 Essential Name the 6 Essential NutrientsNutrients

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates LipidsLipids ProteinProtein VitaminsVitamins MineralsMinerals WaterWater

Where would _____ be Where would _____ be digested & absorbed?digested & absorbed?

TurkeyTurkey WatermelonWatermelon Chick-fil-a Chicken BiscuitChick-fil-a Chicken Biscuit Spaghetti noodlesSpaghetti noodles An eggAn egg Hershey Chocolate BarHershey Chocolate Bar SpinachSpinach

What’s Metabolism Again?What’s Metabolism Again?

Sum total of all chemical Sum total of all chemical reactions occuring in a body reactions occuring in a body cell.cell.

What chemical reactions can What chemical reactions can you think of that occur in you think of that occur in cells?cells?

Does energy for _____ Does energy for _____ contribute to BMR or TMR?contribute to BMR or TMR?

Exercise done in an Exercise done in an aerobics classaerobics class

BreathingBreathing Kidney FunctionKidney Function Taking notes in class Taking notes in class Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration

Meal Planning ActivityMeal Planning Activity

What were the 6 nutrient What were the 6 nutrient categories we listed ?categories we listed ? CarbohydratesCarbohydrates LipidsLipids ProteinsProteins WaterWater VitaminVitamin MineralsMinerals

Where are these digested?Where are these digested?

Carbohydrates with Carbohydrates with starch?starch?

ProteinProtein LipidsLipids

Where are these Where are these absorbed?absorbed?

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates ProteinProtein LipidsLipids

Objective 16 (Proteins)Objective 16 (Proteins)

Carbohydrates---Carbohydrates---breads, cereals, grainsbreads, cereals, grains

Lipids---fats, oils, nutsLipids---fats, oils, nutsProteins---fish, Proteins---fish, chicken, beef, nutschicken, beef, nuts

Objective 17Objective 17

Water soluble---B Water soluble---B complex and Ccomplex and C– Are absorbed along with Are absorbed along with

water through tract.water through tract.– Damaged by heatDamaged by heat– Not stored, excess excreted Not stored, excess excreted

in urine daily.in urine daily.


Fat soluble---A,D,E, & KFat soluble---A,D,E, & K–Bind with and are absorbed Bind with and are absorbed with lipids.with lipids.

–Stored in bodyStored in body–Can build up to toxic levelsCan build up to toxic levels

Obj. 18 MineralsObj. 18 Minerals CALCIUM CALCIUM – Ca, milk, leafy veg., shell fish– Ca, milk, leafy veg., shell fish PHOSPHOROUSPHOSPHOROUS---P—milk, eggs, meat, ---P—milk, eggs, meat,

fish, poultryfish, poultry MAGNESIUMMAGNESIUM—Mg—milk, nuts, cereals, —Mg—milk, nuts, cereals,

veggiesveggies POTASSIUMPOTASSIUM—K—widely found in foods, —K—widely found in foods,

avocadoes, bananas, apricots, meat, fishavocadoes, bananas, apricots, meat, fish SULFURSULFUR—S—meat, milk, eggs—S—meat, milk, eggs SODIUMSODIUM—Na—salt—Na—salt CHLORINE—CHLORINE—Cl--saltCl--salt

Complete Complete nutrition nutrition

worksheet.worksheet.Turn it in when Turn it in when

done.done.

Lets review a bit for the Lets review a bit for the quiz.quiz.

Quiz is in 2 partsQuiz is in 2 parts–Structures of digestive Structures of digestive systemsystem

–Major nutrients list and 2 Major nutrients list and 2 questions over objective questions over objective 15.15.

Which part of the Which part of the digestive tract????????digestive tract????????

Begins mechanical digestion?Begins mechanical digestion? Is where most nutrients are Is where most nutrients are

absorbed?absorbed? Has no digestive function, Has no digestive function,

serves as a connection?serves as a connection? Is the place where bicarbonate Is the place where bicarbonate

ions enter the tract?ions enter the tract?


Contains rugae?Contains rugae? Contains villi?Contains villi? Contains vitamin producing Contains vitamin producing

bacteria?bacteria? Is where protein digestion Is where protein digestion

occurs?occurs?


Is where starch digestion Is where starch digestion begins?begins?

Is where bile is produced?Is where bile is produced? Is where bile is stored?Is where bile is stored? Is where bile enters the Is where bile enters the

tract?tract?


Is involved in Valsalva Is involved in Valsalva maneuver?maneuver?

Has lowest pH?Has lowest pH? Is where pancreatic Is where pancreatic

enzymes enter the tract?enzymes enter the tract? Contains the duodenum?Contains the duodenum?

Digestion Unit Day Digestion Unit Day 1010

Nothing is so strong as gentleness Nothing is so strong as gentleness and nothing is so gentle as real and nothing is so gentle as real

strength."strength." --Ralph W.Ralph W. Sockman Sockman


Progress reportsProgress reports Notes on Objectives 19-23Notes on Objectives 19-23

– Anabolic/catabolicAnabolic/catabolic– Cellular respirationCellular respiration– Energy balanceEnergy balance– BMRBMR


Turn in Progress ReportsTurn in Progress Reports Look at this week’s agendaLook at this week’s agenda Complete Lab QuestionsComplete Lab Questions Notes on Obj. 19-24Notes on Obj. 19-24 Calculate your BMRCalculate your BMR Practice ObjectivesPractice Objectives

Calorie lab Calorie lab questionsquestions

Objective 19Objective 19Catabolic—chemical Catabolic—chemical activities that break activities that break down moleculesdown molecules

Anabolic—chemical Anabolic—chemical activities that build activities that build molecules.molecules.


Cell Respiration—Cell Respiration—process by which food process by which food substances are broken substances are broken down to release bond down to release bond energy to form ATPenergy to form ATP

Obj. 20 cont.Obj. 20 cont.Major StepsMajor Steps

–1. Glycolysis1. Glycolysis–2. Citric Acid Cycle2. Citric Acid Cycle–3. ATP production by 3. ATP production by oxidative oxidative phosphorylationphosphorylation


Energy Balance (from Energy Balance (from food oxidation) is food oxidation) is precisely balanced by precisely balanced by energy output (heat, energy output (heat, work, storage)work, storage)


Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)Rate at which energy is Rate at which energy is expended (heat produced) expended (heat produced) by body per time unit under by body per time unit under controlled conditions.controlled conditions.

Energy needed to perform Energy needed to perform basic activitiesbasic activities

Objective 22 Cont.Objective 22 Cont.Total metabolic rateTotal metabolic ratetotal rate of kilocalorie total rate of kilocalorie consumption to fuel all consumption to fuel all ongoing activities---ongoing activities---voluntary & involuntaryvoluntary & involuntary

(bulk of TMR is BMR)(bulk of TMR is BMR)

Obj. 23 Factors that Obj. 23 Factors that influence metabolisminfluence metabolism

AgeAgeActivity levelActivity levelSexSex thyroxine levelthyroxine levelaction of foodsaction of foods

Obj. 24 Temperature Obj. 24 Temperature RegulationRegulation

Body temperature is Body temperature is the balance between the balance between heat production and heat production and heat loss.heat loss.

Obj. 24 contObj. 24 cont

Heat is lost through Heat is lost through radiation, conduction, radiation, conduction, and evaporation.and evaporation.

Obj.24 cont.Obj.24 cont.

Hypothalamus acts as Hypothalamus acts as the body’s thermostatthe body’s thermostat

Sweat takes away heat Sweat takes away heat energy using it to energy using it to convert water to water convert water to water vapor.vapor.

Calculate your BMR Calculate your BMR following the steps following the steps shown on “Know shown on “Know

Yourself”Yourself”

Worksheet:Worksheet:Part A togetherPart A together

Part B—Part B—independentlyindependently

Documents

Digestion Unit Day 8