Different Musical Symbol

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MUSIC


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• -comes from the Greek word

mousike• MOUSIKE- meaning the art ofmusic

• MUSE- one of the nine sistergoddesses of song and p and of the

poetry and of the art and sciences.She is the spirit that give the poet orcomposer his ideas and inspiration.


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• MUSIC- is the union of pitch, forcequality and duration arranged according

to the laws of melody and harmony• ACCORDING TO SCIENTIST

• Music is the system of vibration which

must be regular and systematic because without organization, music becomesmere noise.

• ACCORDING TO MUSICIAN

• Music is the relationship between theear nd the instrument or voice


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FUNCTION OF MUSIC

• Music as a form of self expression

• Music as a form of entertainment

•

Music stirs up nationality• Music connect us with the higher being

•

Music creates and emotional integrity• Music connects us with ourenvironment


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ELEMENTS

ANDSYMBOLS OF MUSIC


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STAFF


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The staff is the fundamental

latticework of music notation, onwhich symbols are placed. The fivestaff lines and four intervening

spaces correspond to pitches ofthediatonic scale – which pitch is

meant by a given line or space isdefined by theclef. In British

usage, the word "stave" is often

used.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diatonic_scalehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diatonic_scale


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LEDGER LINES


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• Ledgeror leger lines

These extend the staff to pitchesthat fall above or below it. Such

ledger lines are placed behind thenote heads, and extend a smalldistance to each side. Multiple

ledger lines can be used whennecessary to notate pitches evenfarther above or below the staff.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledger_linehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledger_linehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledger_linehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledger_line


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BAR LINES


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• These separate measures (see

time signatures below for anexplanation ofmeasures). Also usedfor changes intime signature. Bar

lines are extended to connectmultiple staves in certain types ofmusic, such as keyboard, harp, and

conductor scores, but are omittedfor other types of music, such as

vocal scores.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_musical_symbolshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_signaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_signaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_musical_symbols


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BAR LINE


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DOUBLE BARLINES


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• These separate twosections of music or are

placed before a changeinkey signature.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_signaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_signature


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BOLD DOUBLE BAR LINE


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• These indicate theconclusion of a movementor an entire composition.


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DOTTED BAR LINE


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•Subdivides long measures ofcomplex meter into shorter

segments for ease of reading,usually according to naturalrhythmic subdivisions.


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BRACKET


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• Connects two or more lines of music that

sound simultaneously. In generalcontemporary usage the bracket usually

connects the staves of separateinstruments (e.g., flute and clarinet; 2trumpets; etc.) or multiple vocal parts in

a choir or ensemble, whereasthebrace connects multiple parts for

asingleinstrument (e.g., the right-handand left-hand staves of a piano or harp

part).


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BRACE


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• Connects two or more lines of

music that are playedsimultaneously in keyboard,harp, or some pitched

percussion music.Depending onthe instruments playing, the

brace, (occasionally called an

"accolade" in some old texts), varies in design and style.


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CLEF

Clef• Clefs define the pitch range, ortessitura, of the staff on which it is

placed. A clef is usuallytheleftmost symbol on a staff.

Additional clefs may appear in the

middle of a staff to indicate a change inregister for instruments with a widerange. In early music, clefs could beplaced on any of several lines on a staff.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tessiturahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tessiturahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clef


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G - CLEF


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• G clef (Treble clef )

The center of the spiral defines the line

or space

on which it rests as thepitchG above middle C, orapproximately392 Hz. Positioned here,

it assigns G above middle C tothesecond line from the bottom of thestaff, and is referred to as the "treble

clef."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treble_clefhttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/392Hz.ogghttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/392Hz.ogghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treble_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_clef


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C - CLEF


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• Cclef (Soprano, Alto, Tenor, andBass clefs)

These clefs point to the line (or space, rarely)

representing middle C, or approximately262 Hz. As

illustrated here, it makes thecenter line on the staffmiddle C, and is referred to as the "alto clef." This clefis used in modern notation for the viola. While all clefs

can be placed anywhere on the staff to indicate various tessitura, the C clef is most often considered a"movable" clef: it is frequently seen pointing instead tothe fourth line and called a "tenor clef". This clef is

used very often in music written for bassoon,cello,trombone, anddouble bass; it replaces the bass clef

when the number of ledger lines above the bass staffhinders easy reading.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soprano_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alto_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenor_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_clefhttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/262Hz.ogghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bassoonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trombonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_basshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_basshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trombonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bassoonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violahttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/262Hz.ogghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenor_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alto_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soprano_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_clefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_clef


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• C clefs were used in vocal music ofthe classical era and earlier;however, their usage in vocal

music has been supplanted by theuniversal use of the treble and bass clefs. Modern editions ofmusic from such periods generally

transpose the original C clef partsto either treble (female voices),octave treble (tenors), or bass clef

(tenors and basses)


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F - CLEF


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• thesecond line from the top of thestaff F below middle C, and is

called a "bass clef." This clefappears nearly as often as thetreble clef, especially in choral

music, where it represents the bassand baritone voices.


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• Middle C is the first ledger line above the

staff here. In old music, particularly vocal scores, this clef is sometimesencountered centered on the third staff

line, in which position it is referred to asabaritone clef; this usage has essentially become obsolete. The shape of the clefcomes from a stylized upper-case-F

(which used to be written the reverse ofthe modern F)


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NEUTRAL CLEF


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•Used for pitch less

instruments, such as someof thoseused for percussion

. Each line can represent aspecific percussion

instrument within a set,such as in a drum set.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percussion_notationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percussion_notation


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OCTAVE CLEF


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•

Treble and bass clefs canalso be modified by octavenumbers. An eight or fifteenabove a clef raises theintended pitch range by one

or two octaves respectively.


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• Similarly, an eight or fifteen below a clef lowers the pitchrange by one or two octaves

respectively. A treble clef withan eight below is the most

commonly used, typically used

for guitar and similarinstruments.


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NOTES an REST

Large (Latin: Maxima) / Octuple whole

note (or octuple note)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxima_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxima_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxima_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxima_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxima_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxima_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxima_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxima_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxima_(music)


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Long / Quadruple whole note (or q

uadruple note)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longa_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longa_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longa_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longa_(music)


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Breve

/ Double whole note (or double note)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_whole_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_whole_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_whole_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_whole_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_whole_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_whole_note


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Crotchet / Quart

er note

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarter_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarter_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarter_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarter_note


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Quaver / Eighth note

For notes of this length and shorter, the

notehas the same number of flags (or hooks)

as the rest has branches.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighth_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighth_note


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Semiquaver / Sixteenth no

te

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixteenth_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixteenth_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixteenth_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixteenth_note


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Demisemiquaver / Thirty-second note

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty-second_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty-second_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty-second_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty-second_note


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Dotted note

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dotted_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dotted_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dotted_notehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dotted_note


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•Placing a dot to the rightof a note head lengthensthe note's duration by

one-half.


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• Additional dots lengthen theprevious dot instead of theoriginal note, thus a note with

one dot is one and one half itsoriginal value, a note with twodots is one and three quarters, anote with three dots is one andseven eighths, and so on.


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S&A'(

Raises the pitch of a note byone semitone.


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FLAT

Lowers the pitch of a note byonesemitone

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semitonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semitone


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Ke! "#$na%&re"

Key signatures define the

prevailingkey of the musicthat follows, thus avoidingthe use of accidentals for

many notes.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_signaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_signature


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• Lowers by a semitone thepitch of notes on the

corresponding line or space,and all octaves thereof, thus

defining the prevailing majoror minor key.


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SAR KE' SIGNATURE


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•Raises by a semitone thepitch of notes on the

corresponding line or space,and all octaves thereof, thusdefining the prevailing major

or minor key.


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TIME SI)NATU'ES


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Time signatures define the meterof the music. Music is "marked

off" in uniform sections called bars or measures, and timesignatures establish the number

of beats in each.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_signaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_signature


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A time signature that conveysinformation about the way thepiece actually sounds is thus

chosen. Time signatures tend tosuggest, but onlysuggest,

prevailing groupings of beats or

pulses.

SECIFIC TIME SIMLE


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SECIFIC TIME * SIMLETIME SIGNATURES


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• The bottom number representsthe note value of the basic pulseof the music (in this case the 4

represents the crotchet orquarter-note). The top numberindicates how many of these note

values appear in each measure#


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NOTE RELATIONSIS

i

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tie_(music)


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Tie

Indicates that the two (or more)notes joined together are to beplayed as one note with the time

values added together. To be atie, the notes must be identical –that is, they must be on thesame line or the same space.Otherwise, it is a slur.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tie_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tie_(music)


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SLUR

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slur_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slur_(music)


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TULET

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuplethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuplet


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A number of notes of irregular duration

are performed within the duration of agiven number of notes of regular time value; e.g., five notes played in the normalduration of four notes; seven notes playedin the normal duration of two; three notesplayed in the normal duration of four. Tuplets are named according to the

number of irregular notes; e.g., duplets,triplets, quadruplets


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CORD

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chord_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chord_(music)


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• Several notes sounded simultaneously("solid" or "block"), or in succession

("broken"). Two-note chords are calleddyad; three-note chords are called

triads. A chord may contain any

number of notes.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyad_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triad_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triad_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyad_(music)


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DYNAMICS


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• #an#""#"+,

Extremely soft. Very infrequently doesone see softer dynamics than this,which are specified with additional ps


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#an,Soft; louder

than pianissimo


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• Me, .#an,

Moderately soft;louder than piano.


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• Me, f,r%eModerately loud; softerthan forte. If no dynamic

appears,mezzo-forte is assumedto be the prevailing dynamic level.


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F,r%eLoud. Used as often

as piano to indicatecontrast.


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F,r%#""#+, Very loud. Usually the loudest indicationin a piece, though louder dynamics are

often specified with additional fs (suchas fortississimo – seen below).


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F,r%#""#""+,Extremely loud. Veryinfrequently does one see

louder dynamics than this, which are specified with

additional fs.


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*END*

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Different Musical Symbol