Differences In

LearnersStudent:

Gabriela Issavout Mejía Suárez.

AGEIn contrast to the well known thought that children are better than adults in the process of learning a new language, there are several reasons to reconsider it.

In fact, Young learners and adults have almost the same amount of advantages than children have.

Older Advantage

Younger Advantage

• Due to a weak feel of identidy they’re more open to receive simple

language input.

• Pracmatic Skills are more

developed so those skills can be

succesfully applied to L2 use.

• Have a certain advantage because they’re process the information without

analysis and develop more native-like

gramatical intuition.

SEXWomen tend to have better progress at pronunciation,

verbal fluency and memorization of complex forms, because their brain is less asymmetrical than men’s for

Speech.

ANDR

OGEN

ESTR

OGEN

(In woman)Higher Levels

of:

Better automatized skills and semantic/ interpretive skills

During the Menstrual Cycle

there’s more level’s of articulatory and

motor ability due to estrogen.

APTITUDE PHONEMIC CODING ABULITY

INDUCTIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING ABILITY GRAMMATICAL SENSITIVITY

ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY CAPACITY

the recognition of morphemes from what the hearer analyze, is the learning ability which consists in storing and retrieving that input.

It is the central processing in where the restructuration of all the first input takes form

by making generalization, recognizing grammatical functions and identifying patterns.

It consists in how the language input is stored, but it varies according to different factors as: if the person is highly sensitive to grammar can have a lower associative memory.

Some learners succeed because of their memory aptitude and linguistic-analytic abilities.However, aptitude is not deterministic at all, but it certainty influence the level of L2 proficiency.

MOTIVATION Integrative Motivation

What motives the person is the desire of get involve with L2 speakers, maybe learn about the culture, also it can be

because of affective factors.

Instrumental Motivation

This kind of motivation is center on the benefits that learning a Second

Language will bring with it, as: business opportunities, be able to read scientific and technical information or passing a

course.

To consider that

Neurological Mechanisms

controls the motivation for

second language.

The Stimulus Appraisal will determine the attitudes and the amount of effort the learner will

put into learning the second language.

CONGNITIVE STYLEEveryone of us has a distinctive way of perceiving and retain information. In fact, in here we will realize how personality factors and learning strategies are closely related.

Auditory

Difficulty to see

parts in a whole

Skills to see

important

details in a

wholeDeductive

Focus on meaning

Field- dependent

Global

Holistic

Cognitive Style

Visual Tactile

Kinesthetic

Movement-oriented

Touch-orientedField-

independent

Particular

Inductive

Focus on form

Analytic

PERSONALITYSelf-condident

Risk - Taking

Adventuresome

Empathetic

Imaginative

Tolerant of ambiguity

Higher

ANXIETY LEVELS

Lower

It interferes with the development of the

learning process and the outcome speech

It’s easier for students to learn

being less afraid of making mistakes.

According to the personality of the student, the learning style will be picked

up to succeed.

Learning Styles

Metacognitive

• An attempt to regulate language learning b planning

and monitoring.

Cognitive• It employs

direct analysis of linguistic material.

Social/affective

• Involve interaction with others.

Brainstorm

Scanning

Mind mapping

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