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8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
1/37
May 2016May 2016May 2016May 2016
Devonshire Research Group, LLCDevonshire Research Group, LLCDevonshire Research Group, LLCDevonshire Research Group, LLC
Tesla Motors, Inc.
Part II
This presentation is a research report an is !or in!or"ational purposes only. #pinions e$presse are solely those o! Devonshire Research Group an this is not a reco""enation to purchase securities iscusse
herein. This presentation is con!iential an "ay not %e reprouce or istri%ute &ithout the e$press consent o! Devonshire Research Group. Please re!er to the ne$t slie !or aitional isclosures.
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
otice o! invest"ent interests
7
3s o! the pu%lication ate o! this report, the Devonshire Research Group LLC has a net
short position in the stoc/, put options, %ons, an creit s&aps o! Tesla Motors, Inc.'(T-L3) or (Tesla)* an stans to realie +ains in the event that the price o! T-L3s
securities eclines over the lon+ run, or i! invest"ent senti"ent i"proves the appeal o! an
e$pecte ecline in any o! its securities.
Devonshire Research Group reco+nies that &hile its strate+y re!lects a lon+ ter" %earishoutloo/ !or Teslas security instru"ents, the short ter" i"plication o! po&er!ul
"ar/etin+, incluin+ the po&er o! social "eia t&eetin+ %y the C4# an his PR !ir", &ell
orchestrate an heavily %lo++e prouct launches, an a eep an po&er!ul short ter"
"eia control an attention span, su++ests unpreicta%le short ter" volatility.
Devonshire Research Group LLC has a lon+ ter" net short position across "ultiple
security instru"ents.
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
otice o! nona!!iliation
8
Part I o! this analysis, release pu%licly in March 2016, &as &iely praise as e!!ective an !actriven. Critics o!
the analysis alle+e that the &or/ o! the Devonshire Research Group is un!airly %iase, ue to a!!iliations &ith
inustry players &ho see/ to li"it the "ar/et per!or"ance o! Tesla. This is interestin+, %ut untrue.
Devonshire Research Group here%y asserts that it oes not have pro!essional or %usiness relationships &ith any o!
the !ollo&in+ or+aniations9
General Motors
:or
Toyota
The City o! Detroit
;och Inustries
4$$onMo%il
Royal Dutch -hell
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
#n !inancial innovation an creative accountin+
=
ever assu"e "alice &hen stupiity &ill su!!ice.
anlons Raor
4verythin+ shoul %e as si"ple as it can %e, %ut not si"pler.
#cca"s Raor
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
4$ecutive -u""ary
6
o& closely oes T-L3s !inancin+ "oel "irror the !eatures o! co""on Poni, Pyra"i, an Matri$ sche"es>− u"erous cautionary e$a"ples share !eatures &ith T-L3, incluin+ hype riven %y (visionary leaers)
− T-L3 has accepte capital !ro" unsophisticate investors &ith %ol clai"s on return an?or prouct value
− I! T-L3 !ails to eliver on these clai"s it has the potential to enter a eath spiral
− Most co""on eath spirals o not re5uire "alicious intent, %ut rather e$cessive 'even elusional* a"%ition
The pro!ita%ility o! the Moel 7 epens on T-L3s a%ility to s5ueee its supply chain@ this is a tall orer− -ophisticate suppliers '"ost nota%ly Panasonic* &ill !i+ht !or their share o! the pro!it
− Panasonics rechar+ea%le %attery ivision is constraine in ter"s o! invest"ent capacity an pro!it e"ans
− Current suppliers o! nu"erous strate+ic, hi+htechnolo+y co"ponents have little IP an e$port to the A-
− Many Chinese suppliers are vulnera%le to patent in!rin+e"ent accusations an coul !ace ITC inunctions
T-L3s use o! ta$ creits isproportionately %ene!its the &ealthy at the e$pense o! the avera+e ta$payer
− This ine5uality is a !eature o! the lu$ury!irst "ar/et penetration strate+y
− The election year introuces si+ni!icant ris/ !or T-L3s continue reliance on ta$payer su%siies
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
Tesla has en+a+e in a++ressive accountin+ that calls to "in thee$periences o! 4nron an BorlCo"@ its !uture is hi+hly uncertain
7
2
1
0
1
2
7
8
20022001200011E1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.7
0.8
0.=
0.6
0.C
0.E
0.D
1.0
1DD6 1DDC 1DDE 1DDD 2000 2001
2.=
2.0
1.=
1.0
0.=
0.0
0.=
2012 2017 2018 201=
BorlCo" et Inco"e BorlCo" et Inco"e BorlCo" et Inco"e BorlCo" et Inco"e
'A-
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
Tesla is not a car, %attery, or tech co"pany@ it is an e$peri"ental!inancial services co"pany an shoul %e re+ulate as such
E
Teslas !inancin+ "oel is !ra+ile@ it is atte"ptin+ to "ana+e "ultiple !inancial instru"ent "oels uner the sa"e
accountin+ u"%rellaF to our /no&le+e, one o! the last co"panies to atte"pt this level o! !inancial innovation &as 4nron
Teslas !inancin+ "oel is !ra+ile@ it is atte"ptin+ to "ana+e "ultiple !inancial instru"ent "oels uner the sa"e
accountin+ u"%rellaF to our /no&le+e, one o! the last co"panies to atte"pt this level o! !inancial innovation &as 4nron
Ase 4H an state
ta$ su%siies to
secure Moel -,
price point
Ase ta$ creits,
"ultiyear pay%ac/
to eploy
-uperchar+ers
Ase +lo%al (+reen)
su%siies,
incentives to
reuce price point
Convince evaa
to su%siie
creation o! %attery
!actories, lithiu"
"ines
Ase hi+h pre
orers to %oost
share price, issue
shares
-ecure Colorao
use car resale
creit to uphol
epreciation
Collect J1/
eposits !or Moel
7 to !inance -GK3
Convince
Panasonic to invest
"aority o! spen
in Gi+a!actory
T-L3 actin+ as an unre+istere %ro/er ealer
:ra+ile, unsustaina%le,
unpreicta%le approachin+
A- election year
-peculative upco"in+ (innovations)
Ase HC to
%ootstrap Roaster
prototypes
#verprice
Roaster@ use
pro!it to irect
Moel - RKD
Distri%ute cost o!
scale %y loc/in+ in
"ultiyear contracts
Pay interest on
eposits o! !uture
"oels>
Partner &ith rie
sharin+ apps such
as A%er>
I"ple"ent poole
!ractional ? share
o&nership "oels>
3llo& a %arter
syste" to convert
preorer eposits
into coupons>
4nter into a ero
o&nership "oel@
the perpetual
lease>
Develop onecar
pernei+h%orhoo
leasin+>
Introuce a pre
orer lottery, allo&
ri+hts to %e sol to
7r parties>
3%anon PKL,
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
onG33P strate+ies to li"it Moel - epreciation %oost stoc/
price at the cost o! increase !ra+ility an hien o&nsie ris/
-ource9 4"uns.co", 3D3 use car +uie 201=@ Devonshire Research Group analysis su++ests
traitional accountin+ strate+ies &oul %e su!!icient &ithout pro"ise resale +uarantees an %uy%ac/ pricin+
Moel 7 Moel -
RHG threshol
Moel -
Moel 7 reveal threatens to
tan/ Moel - resale values, so
Tesla hoars use vehicles to
resell uner Colorao use
4H creit incentive
Moel - resale value
+uarantee closes
ne+ative !ee%ac/ loop9
lia%ility +ro&s as Moel
- epreciates !aster
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
To unerstan Teslas %usiness "oel, &e "ust introuce novel
!inancial e!initions
11
I! a %usiness is operate as a :4P:, investors shoul not carry the e$pectation that such an enterprise &ill %e run
!or a pro!it@ instea, this or+aniation shoul %e ter"inate, or re+ulate as a social service or nonpro!it
I! a %usiness is operate as a :4P:, investors shoul not carry the e$pectation that such an enterprise &ill %e run
!or a pro!it@ instea, this or+aniation shoul %e ter"inate, or re+ulate as a social service or nonpro!it
:utureearnin+ pyra"ial !inancin+ ':4P:* is a %usiness yna"ic characterie %y the act o! raisin+
capital to !inance !uture losses rather than !uture returns. The assu"ption in this yna"ic is that
the !uture losses &ill %e covere %y a secon capital raise 'si"ilarly pyra"ial* &hich &ill allo&
so"e investors to e$it pro!ita%ly, althou+h "any &ill reinvest an ? or accept losses.
Bhen properly reco+nie, "ana+e, an re+ulate, :4P: can %e a sustaina%le arran+e"ent that
operates &ithin %oth the spirit an letter o! the la&. 4$a"ples "ay %e !oun in the real" o! pu%lic
services, nonpro!its, an social service pro+ra"s. o&ever, &hen per!or"e "aliciously &ith
intent to e!rau, :4P: !or"s the yna"ic unerlyin+ ille+al Poni, pyra"i, an "atri$ sche"es.
3++ressive cashne+ative +ro&th ventures that rely entirely on pro!ita%ility at scale occupy a
an+erous "ile +roun &here elusion o!ten su%stitutes !or "alice.
:uture4arnin+
Pyra"ial :inancin+
':4P:*
LossTolerant
Investors
'LTIs*
3 cate+ory o! investors that are capa%le o! losin+ their invest"ent in an enterprise, co"pany, or
asset &ith or &ithout their /no&le+e o! this loss.
:inancin+ Pyra"iReportin+
':PR*
3 !or" o! !inancial reportin+ aopte !ro" nonpro!it an venture capital investin+ that accurately re!lects %usinesses that are esi+ne to lose "oney !or lon+ perios o! ti"e until su%se5uent
investors are secure, &ho "ust con!ront the nees to %uilin+ a pro!ita%le %usiness
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
Bhile !utureearnin+ !inancin+ is o!ten not "alicious, elusional
a"%ition can %e a i!!erent path to the sa"e outco"e
18
Ansustaina%le -ustaina%le
Lar+escale
-"allscale
TheTheTheThe ! !! !utureutureutureutureearnin+ pyra"ial !inancin+ lanscapeearnin+ pyra"ial !inancin+ lanscapeearnin+ pyra"ial !inancin+ lanscapeearnin+ pyra"ial !inancin+ lanscape
(Too %i+ to !ail)
4veryay !rau 3cceptance o! value loss
Massive !rau
Mas/s !rau %y "i$in+ &ith
le+iti"ate %usiness activities Care!ully %alances +ro&th an
ris/ to prolon+ sche"e
4scapes %e!ore sche"e !ully
collapses
Hital, u%i5uitous, an
nationalie pu%lic +oos #perates outsie the pu%lic
"ar/etplace
Li"its accountin+ scrutiny
an speculative invest"ent
Tar+ets unsophisticate ? vulnera%le investors
4ncoura+es investor
(entrepreneurialis")
Re"ains anony"ous, then
vanishes
3r+ues !or non!inancial valueproposition to o!!set loss
3ppeals to e"otion an
instinct '%ranin+, PR, etc.*
:ails !ast an ac/no&le+es
li"its to +ro&th
Meiu"scale
Many HC%ac/e startups
3++ressive+ro&th Anicorns
Giants poise to !ail
Typical Poni, pyra"i,
an "atri$ sche"es Charities an pu%lic &or/s
Delusional ? #vera"%itious
-ource9 Devonshire Research Group analysis an opinion@ co""entary !ro" 4lon
Mus/ intervie&s an 5uarterly reports
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
Bhile Tesla has %et the !ar" on e$tre"e +ro&th, insolvency is an
unaccepta%le !all%ac/ strate+y !or a pu%licly trae co"pany
1=
-ustaina%le
Lar+escale
-"allscale
ota%le pyra"ialota%le pyra"ialota%le pyra"ialota%le pyra"ial ! !! !inancin+ enterprisesinancin+ enterprisesinancin+ enterprisesinancin+ enterprises
Meiu"scale
4nron
A- -ocial
-ecurity
:ractional
Reserve
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
To sustain its !inancin+ "oel, Tesla &oul nee to court
successively lar+er (losstolerant investors) or see/ su%siies
16
-ustaina%le
Lar+escale
-"allscale
Tesla9 anticipate strate+ic optionsTesla9 anticipate strate+ic optionsTesla9 anticipate strate+ic optionsTesla9 anticipate strate+ic options
Meiu"scale
Tesla only survives as lon+ as it
can continue to secure
successively lar+er (losstolerant
investors) Panasonic has a+ree
to %e ne$t, investin+ in the
Gi+a!actory. I! Panasonic !ails to
invest at an a++ressive rate, the
!inancin+ sche"e collapses
Tesla e"%races the su%siy
huntin+ %usiness "oel !ully,
%eco"es a pu%lic +oo "ana+e
as a nonpro!it, supplyin+ electric
vehicles to police epart"ents,
schools, state transportation
pro+ra"s, &el!are recipients
Prepay eposits %eco"e
unsustaina%le@ Tesla continues to
launch ne& "oels, acceptin+steaily lar+er up!ront eposits
!ro" prospective custo"ers, &ith
lon+er proecte elivery ates.
Current eposit re!uns are
!une %y !uture "oel eposits
Ansustaina%le
Tesla MotorsTesla MotorsTesla MotorsTesla Motors
'Toay*'Toay*'Toay*'Toay*
TeslaTeslaTeslaTesla
Moel Moel Moel Moel
TeslaTeslaTeslaTesla
Moel Moel Moel Moel
TeslaTeslaTeslaTesla
RoasterRoasterRoasterRoaster
TeslaTeslaTeslaTesla
RoasterRoasterRoasterRoaster
TeslaTeslaTeslaTesla
Moel -Moel -Moel -Moel -
TeslaTeslaTeslaTesla
Moel -Moel -Moel -Moel -
TeslaTeslaTeslaTesla
Moel Moel Moel Moel
TeslaTeslaTeslaTesla
Moel Moel Moel Moel
-uperchar+er-uperchar+er-uperchar+er-uperchar+er
et&or/ et&or/ et&or/ et&or/
-uperchar+er-uperchar+er-uperchar+er-uperchar+er
et&or/ et&or/ et&or/ et&or/
Gi+a!actory Gi+a!actory Gi+a!actory Gi+a!actory Gi+a!actory Gi+a!actory Gi+a!actory Gi+a!actory
TeslaTeslaTeslaTesla
Moel 7Moel 7Moel 7Moel 7
TeslaTeslaTeslaTesla
Moel 7Moel 7Moel 7Moel 7
Delusional ? #vera"%itious
-ource9 Devonshire Research Group analysis an opinion@ co""entary !ro" 4lon Mus/ intervie&s
an 5uarterly reports@ Panasonic 5uarterly reports an press releases
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
Tesla is operationally vulnera%le, too epenent on the success o! the Moel7, an nees to prepare !or the possi%ility o! a !utureearnin+ eath spiral
1
#ur thesis is t&o!ol9 '1*'1*'1*'1* the li/elihoo o! a success!ul Moel 7 launch is lo&, an '2*'2*'2*'2* Tesla &ill %e !orce
to see/ resiual value as a heavilysu%siie 'an eciely nonlu$ury* pu%lic +oo provier
#ur thesis is t&o!ol9 '1*'1*'1*'1* the li/elihoo o! a success!ul Moel 7 launch is lo&, an '2*'2*'2*'2* Tesla &ill %e !orce
to see/ resiual value as a heavilysu%siie 'an eciely nonlu$ury* pu%lic +oo provier
3ust"ent neee
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
#n the A- auto inustrys i"penin+ co"petitive response to Tesla
1E
BhereQs "y +an+stas an all "y thu+s
Thro& the" hans up an sho& so"e love
3n I Belco"e you to Detroit City
I sai Belco"e to Detroit City
4very place, every&here &e +o Man &e eep every&here &e roll
3s/ aroun an they all /no& Tric/y
ThatQs &hatQs +oo "an they all say Tric/y
Tric/ Tric/, Belco"e 2 Detroit
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
4$ecutive -u""ary
1
o& closely oes T-L3s !inancin+ "oel "irror the !eatures o! co""on Poni, Pyra"i, an Matri$ sche"es>
−u"erous cautionary e$a"ples share !eatures &ith T-L3, incluin+ hype riven %y (visionary leaers)
− T-L3 has accepte capital !ro" unsophisticate investors &ith %ol clai"s on return an?or prouct value
− I! T-L3 !ails to eliver on these clai"s it has the potential to enter a eath spiral
− Most co""on eath spirals o not re5uire "alicious intent, %ut rather e$cessive 'even elusional* a"%ition
The pro!ita%ility o! the Moel 7 epens on T-L3s a%ility to s5ueee its supply chain@ this is a tall orer− -ophisticate suppliers '"ost nota%ly Panasonic* &ill !i+ht !or their share o! the pro!it
− Panasonics rechar+ea%le %attery ivision is constraine in ter"s o! invest"ent capacity an pro!it e"ans
− Current suppliers o! nu"erous strate+ic, hi+htechnolo+y co"ponents have little IP an e$port to the A-
− Many Chinese suppliers are vulnera%le to patent in!rin+e"ent accusations an coul !ace ITC inunctions
T-L3s use o! ta$ creits isproportionately %ene!its the &ealthy at the e$pense o! the avera+e ta$payer
− This ine5uality is a !eature o! the lu$ury!irst "ar/et penetration strate+y
− The election year introuces si+ni!icant ris/ !or T-L3s continue reliance on ta$payer su%siies
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
The recent Moel issues hi+hli+ht the !ra+ility o! auto"otive
supplyFTeslas prouction &ill %e li"ite %y its &ea/est lin/
20
A-3 A-3 A-3 A-3
China
-. ;orea
apan
Tai&an
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
The cost reuction neee to achieve a J7=/ Moel 7 &ill
+enerate strain throu+hout the supply net&or/
21
Cost %uc/et Cost %uc/et Cost %uc/et Cost %uc/et Cost reuctionCost reuctionCost reuctionCost reuction 3chieva%le> 3chieva%le> 3chieva%le> 3chieva%le> #%stacles#%stacles#%stacles#%stacles
Gross Pro!it EO Li/ely ee o!!settin+ sales volu"e, "ust "aintain hype
-uperchar+er 3llo&ance 0O Li/ely Bill continue to %uil out in!rastructure
Manu!acturin+ #verhea 86O May%e ee to realie econo"ies o! scale in prouction
Drivetrain 67O Anli/ely -uppliers unli/ely to accept price reuction-uppliers unli/ely to accept price reuction-uppliers unli/ely to accept price reuction-uppliers unli/ely to accept price reuction
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
Tesla relies !or the "ost part on a lo&cost supply chain "any o! these
players lac/ protecta%le technolo+y an have little +ive on "ar+in
22
0
10
20
70
80
=0
60
C0
80O
100O
E0O
60O
20O
0O
A; apanA; Ger"any Tai&anon+ ;on+
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
The suppliers &ho o o&n IP are not losstolerant an &ill not
%u+e on "ar+ins !or a relatively s"all purchaser such as Tesla
28
1
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000
A- patents +rante
to supplier
Containers shippe
to Tesla since N7 0
Toyota Motor Corporation
-a"sun+ -i Co., Lt
Panasonic Corporation
ishi/a&a Ru%%er Co., Lt.
Luvata Pori #y
LG 4lectronics Inc
LG Che" Lt.;o%e -teel, Lt.
on+!uin Precision
:u/uta 4lectric K Machinery Co., Lt
:ui Poly"er Inustries Co.
:o$conn Co"puter
:le$tronics International ;!t
Cera"tec G"%h
International Tesla -uppliers &ith 3t Least #ne A- Grante Patent International Tesla -uppliers &ith 3t Least #ne A- Grante Patent International Tesla -uppliers &ith 3t Least #ne A- Grante Patent International Tesla -uppliers &ith 3t Least #ne A- Grante Patent
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
Panasonic &ill !ace or+aniational pressure to a%anon the Tesla
partnership i! its Gi+a!actory invest"ent oes not pay iviens
2=-ource9 Panasonic 3nnual Report 201=
The auto"otive se+"ent is the s"allest
se+"ent at Panasonic, an 4H %attery
sales are ust one co"ponent o! this
revenue strea"
The Gi+a!actory invest"ent alone
accounts !or nearly three years o!
auto"otive capital e$penitureFthis is
a hu+ely outsie se+"ent invest"ent
J1.6 <
J616 MM
201= auto"otive
capital invest"ent
Capital ple+e
to Gi+a!actory
2.6$2.6$2.6$2.6$
ousin+
26O
Devices
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
Panasonics rechar+ea%le %attery ivision is uner the corporate
"icroscope alreay an tar+ete !or "ar+in increases, not co"pression
26-ource9 Panasonic 201= 3nnual Report
Rechar+ea%le %atteries are 1 o! 7 Panasonic ivisionsRechar+ea%le %atteries are 1 o! 7 Panasonic ivisionsRechar+ea%le %atteries are 1 o! 7 Panasonic ivisionsRechar+ea%le %atteries are 1 o! 7 Panasonic ivisions
an "ana+e &ithin 1 o! 8 lar+e (co"panies)an "ana+e &ithin 1 o! 8 lar+e (co"panies)an "ana+e &ithin 1 o! 8 lar+e (co"panies)an "ana+e &ithin 1 o! 8 lar+e (co"panies)
Rechar+ea%le %atteries are 1 o! 6 lar+e scale ivisionsRechar+ea%le %atteries are 1 o! 6 lar+e scale ivisionsRechar+ea%le %atteries are 1 o! 6 lar+e scale ivisionsRechar+ea%le %atteries are 1 o! 6 lar+e scale ivisions
& && &ithin its port!olio specially tar+ete !or "ar+in increasesithin its port!olio specially tar+ete !or "ar+in increasesithin its port!olio specially tar+ete !or "ar+in increasesithin its port!olio specially tar+ete !or "ar+in increases
8/16/2019 Devonshire Research Group - Tesla Motors - TSLA - Public Release - Part II
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-Attorney Confidential-
Tesla nees a "iracle in %attery pricin+ to achieve the Moel 7
tar+et price@ there is real ou%t the Gi+a!actory &ill eliver
2-ource9 Rapily !allin+ costs o! %attery pac/s !or
electric vehicles, ature Cli"ate Chan+e, 7?27?1=
Data !it +ives EO annual cost reuction %y leain+ "anu!acturers, su++estin+ Tesla &ill not hit
J1=0 ? /Bh until 2020F&ell past the pro"ise eno!201 Moel 7 elivery ate
Data !it +ives EO annual cost reuction %y leain+ "anu!acturers, su++estin+ Tesla &ill not hit
J1=0 ? /Bh until 2020F&ell past the pro"ise eno!201 Moel 7 elivery ate
100
1,000
2016201=200E 200 2010 2011 2012 2017 2018
J ? /Bh 'lo+ scale*Moel - %attery pac/ cost esti"atesMoel - %attery pac/ cost esti"atesMoel - %attery pac/ cost esti"atesMoel - %attery pac/ cost esti"ates
Generallyaccepte
critical pac/ price
ero"ar+in ra&
"aterial cost !loor
200
800
E00
1=0
118
J10 ? /Bh clai"e %y
Tesla hea o! IR, 08?16
A C fid i l
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4$ecutive -u""ary
2E
o& closely oes T-L3s !inancin+ "oel "irror the !eatures o! co""on Poni, Pyra"i, an Matri$ sche"es>
−u"erous cautionary e$a"ples share !eatures &ith T-L3, incluin+ hype riven %y (visionary leaers)
− T-L3 has accepte capital !ro" unsophisticate investors &ith %ol clai"s on return an?or prouct value
− I! T-L3 !ails to eliver on these clai"s it has the potential to enter a eath spiral
− Most co""on eath spirals o not re5uire "alicious intent, %ut rather e$cessive 'even elusional* a"%ition
The pro!ita%ility o! the Moel 7 epens on T-L3s a%ility to s5ueee its supply chain@ this is a tall orer− -ophisticate suppliers '"ost nota%ly Panasonic* &ill !i+ht !or their share o! the pro!it
− Panasonics rechar+ea%le %attery ivision is constraine in ter"s o! invest"ent capacity an pro!it e"ans
− Current suppliers o! nu"erous strate+ic, hi+htechnolo+y co"ponents have little IP an e$port to the A-
− Many Chinese suppliers are vulnera%le to patent in!rin+e"ent accusations an coul !ace ITC inunctions
T-L3s use o! ta$ creits isproportionately %ene!its the &ealthy at the e$pense o! the avera+e ta$payer
− This ine5uality is a !eature o! the lu$ury!irst "ar/et penetration strate+y
− The election year introuces si+ni!icant ris/ !or T-L3s continue reliance on ta$payer su%siies
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4H ta$ creits over&hel"in+ly !avor the &ealthy@ the avera+e
ta$payin+ citien &ill realie little, i! any %ene!it
70-ource9 (The Distri%utional 4!!ects o! A.-. Clean 4ner+y Ta$
Creits), AC
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Tesla is contri%utin+ to this ine5uality, as it is e$haustin+ its ta$
creits on the lu$ury Moels - an
71
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
0 10,000 20,000 70,000 80,000 =0,000 60,000 C0,000 E0,000 D0,000
:iat =00e
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Attorney Confidential
In 2017, the avera+e Tesla o&ner ha t&ice the househol inco"e
o! other 4H o&ners
72
(Bhile the !iel o! electric vehicles '4Hs* has +ro&n &ith the
Chevrolet Holt, issan Lea! an the Toyota Prius Plu+In, Tesla
%uyers isplay uni5ue i!!erences. H4- sho&s that TeslaH4- sho&s that TeslaH4- sho&s that TeslaH4- sho&s that Tesla
o&ners have ou%le the avera+e househol inco"e o! other 4Ho&ners have ou%le the avera+e househol inco"e o! other 4Ho&ners have ou%le the avera+e househol inco"e o! other 4Ho&ners have ou%le the avera+e househol inco"e o! other 4H
o&ners 'J27,200*o&ners 'J27,200*o&ners 'J27,200*o&ners 'J27,200*. 3s a result, they are "ore li/ely to %e ain+
a Tesla to their househol !leet '=1O* rather than replacin+ a
vehicle &ith its purchase.)
-trate+ic Hision9 e& Hehicle 4$perience -urvey '2017*
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Tesla relies heavily on "anu!acturin+ incentives an ero
e"issions creits
77
Tesla is %uilt on losstolerant pu%lic "oney, %ut this &ill not %e a solution in perpetuity. 4ventually
Tesla &ill nee to stan on its o&n or accept a role as a +overn"entsponsore pu%lic +oo provier
Tesla is %uilt on losstolerant pu%lic "oney, %ut this &ill not %e a solution in perpetuity. 4ventually
Tesla &ill nee to stan on its o&n or accept a role as a +overn"entsponsore pu%lic +oo provier
-u%siy -u%siy -u%siy -u%siy -u%siy sie-u%siy sie-u%siy sie-u%siy sie -ource-ource-ource-ource
Gi+a!actory incentives J1,20 MM evaa ta$payers
eroe"ission creits J=1E MM Cali!ornia ta$payers
:eeral 4H ta$ creits J2E8 MM :eeral ta$payers
C3 sel!+eneration incentive J126 MM Cali!ornia ta$payers
C3 3lternative 4ner+y :inancin+ J0 MM Cali!ornia ta$payers
Discounte Do4 loan J8= MM :eeral ta$payers
-tate 4H ta$ creits J7E MM Cali!ornia ta$payers
-ource9 L3 Ti"es investi+ation, une 201=
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y
Ta/ea&ay9 Tesla is !ra+ile as a pu%licly trae co"pany e$pecte
to eliver a G33P cash pro!it
Tesla is operatin+ "any !inancin+ %usiness "oels that other entrepreneurs &oul %e prohi%ite !ro"
operatin+, as they "i+ht %e la%ele Poni, Pyra"i, or Matri$ sche"es
Tesla is atte"ptin+ to operate "any co"ple$, inter&oven, novel !inancin+ sche"es uner one roo!, an either
&ill %e a success!ul version o! 4nron, or &ill !all victi" to si"ilar accountin+ challen+es as it atte"pts to
reconcile its operational co"ple$ity to its cash position
I! Tesla is inee operatin+ a :4P:, it is hi+hly !ra+"ente an overly iversi!ie in its tactics, it shoul
eicate "ore o! its ti"e to securin+ losstolerant investors
I! Tesla oes not success!ully secure a lar+er losstolerant investor, the A- +overn"ent shoul seie the
co"pany an convert it into a re+ulate social +oo an pu%lic service
Tesla shoul not %e "ana+e, value, or reporte %y its a%ility to +enerate pro!it, an conse5uently it shoul
atte"pt to see/ ta$ shelter as a nonpro!it or reli+ious or+aniation as 5uic/ly as possi%le
I! Tesla is inee operatin+ !or pro!it, it shoul announce a strate+ic roa"ap to (investors) !or earnin+ a
pro!it in the co"in+ ecae
7=
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y
#n re5uisite s/epticis" over hyper%olic operatin+ tar+ets
76
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7
Than/ you
:or "ore in!or"ation, please contact Devonshire Research Group, LLC at sur!hac/erU%loo"%er+.net
I"a+e V 2016 Devonshire Research Group