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SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
DEVELOPMENTS IN POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION
9 - 12 April 2001
ORGANISERS
The Conference is being organised by the Institution of Electrical Engineers in association with
ClGRE - British National Committee EUREL Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineers - UKRl Section Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineers - Power Engineering Society 1E.E Benelux (Centre) SociCtt de l’Electricit6, de I’Electronique et des Technologies de I’lnformation et de la Communication VDE Association for Electrical, Electronic & Information Technologies
VENUE
RA1 International Exhibition and Congress Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
ORGAN1 SING COMMITTEE
Dr P A Crossley UMIST, UK Professor R Aggarwal University of Bath, UK Mr P G Beaumont Toshiba International (Europe), UK Mr K Brewis VATech Reyrolle, UK Dr A Cruden University of Strathcl-vde, UK Mr B Gwyn National Grid, UK Mr J W Evans Merz and McLellan, UK Dr S Lemmei- Siemens AG, Germany Eur Ing A J h4ackrell ABB Power T&D Ltd, UK Dr P J Moore University of Bath, UK Mr M A O’Keeffe ALSTOM T&D Protection and Control, UK Dr M A Redfern University of Bath, UK Professor M 13achdev University of Saskatchewan, Canada Dr J V H Sanderson Power Engineering Consultants, UK
CORRESPONDING MEMBERS
Mr Abd.Hali m bin Abu Bakar Tenaga Nasional Berhad, Malaysia Dr N F Chin ALSTOM T&D Protection & Contro? Ltd, Hong Kong Dr P F Gale ,Yathaway Corporation, UK Professor F Gubina University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Mr G Hensman Yorkshire Electricity, UK Mr L Hossenlopp ALSTOM T&D Protection and Control, France Dr V Leitlof’EDF, France Professor T Lobos Wroclaw University of Technorlogy, Poland Professor J R. McDonald University of Strathclyde, UK Professor P PdcLaren Universiv of Manitoba, Canada Dr D Peck A BB Power Automation AG, Switzerland Dr M M Saha ABB Automation Products AB, Sweden Mr J Theunissen GPU PowerNet Pty Ltd, Australia Professor J Thorp Cornell University, USA Mr G Topham ESKOM, South Africa Mr T Tsukui Toshiba Corporation, Japan Dr B Xu Kehui Electric, China Professor Q Yang Hathaway Si Fang Protection and Control Co. Ltd, China
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Published by the Institution of Electrical Engineers, London ISBN 0 85296 732 2 ISSN 0537-9989
This publication is copyright under the Beme Convention and the Universal Copyright Convention. All rights reserved. Apart from any copying under the U.K. Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, Part 1 , Section 38, whereby a single copy of an article may be supplied, under certain conditions, for the purposes of research or private study, by a library of a class prescribed by The Copyright (Librarians and Archivists) (Copying of Copyright Material) regulations 1989: SI 1989/1212, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior pemiission of the copyright owners. Permission is, however, not required to copy abstracts of papers or articles on condition that a full reference to the source is shown.
Multiple copying of the contents o f the publication without permission is always illegal.
0 2001 The Institution of Electrical Engineers
Printed in Great Britain by Formara Ltd., Southend-on-Sea, Essex SS2 5FLX
... 1 1 1
CONTENTS
The Institution of Electrical Engineers is not, as a body, responsible for the opinions expressed by individual authors o r speakers
Page No.
INTEGRATION OF PROTECTION AND CONTROL
1 The protective relay as a node in the substation control network W J Ackerman ABB Automation Inc., USA
5 Development of a strategy for the integration of protection & control equipment J Stokoe and J Gray ScottishPower, UK
9 A comprehensive approach for nuimerical relay system evaluation and test H Sato, T Takano, S Inoue, S Oda, T Anzai and N Kusano Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan
13 Optimized system operation with low-power instrument transformers H-J Henmann and A B Muller Siemens A G , Germany J Schmid Trench AG, Germany
17 Experience with co-ordinated substation control in China Q Yang and H Luo Beijing Hathaway-Sifang Ltd., P R China P F Gale Hathaway Systems, UK
TESTING OF PROTECTION
21 kl e a n i n g fu 1 testing of n u mer i c a 1 m u 1 ti fu n c ti o n protection schemes J Gosalia Doble Engineering Company, USA
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CONTENTS Page No.
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33
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Event driven maintenance based on protective relays data A P Apostolov ALSTOM T&D, USA S Richards ALSTOM T&D, UK
Integrated solution for simulation, setting and testing of protective relays, with improved parameter determination, taking into account the aspect of CT saturation H Griinert OMICRON Electronics Deutschland GmbH, Germany
Advanced engineering tools for protective relay engineers M Kezunovic and Z Galijasevic Texas A&M University, USA
Organized, automatic registration and analysis of performance and fault processes J Dopjera and S ToEcik VUJE Trnava, Inc. - Engineering, Design and Research, Slovak Republic
End-to-end relay testing using GPS-synchronized secondary injection , M E Agudo and B Kasperek WAPA, USA S I Thompson AVO International, USA
Simulation knows no bounds: digital real-time simulation for closed-loop testing of numerical communication relays V Hem, R Krebs, S Lemmer and N Schuster Siemens AG, Germany
Distance protection application test using a real time digital transient network analyser G Nimmersjo, M M Saha and L-G Andersson ABB Automation Products AB, Sweden J C Gaudio TRANSENER S.A., Argentina
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CONTENTS Page No.
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New relay testing platform X Dong and J Z Liu Tsinghua University, P R China X Yu Y Zhang and X Guo Guodian Nanjing Automation Co. Ltd., P R China Y Ge Xi’an Jiaotong University, P R China
Using a real time digital simulator to simulate multiple CTs for testing relays in current differentiall protection systems 4 D Parker and P T Birchenough 4LSTOM T&D Protection and Control, UK P G McLaren and M Yu RTDS Technologies Inc, Canada
.4utomated testing for electromechanical overcurrent relays IF Steinhauser OMICRON Electronics GmbH, Austria ,
]Protection relay testing with variable compliance voltage IU Kramer KoCoS Messtechnik AG, Germany
]EMBEDDED GENERATION
COROCOF: Comparison of rate of change of frequency protection. A solution to the detection of loss of mains (2 G Bright Powergen, UK
l’rotection of an embedded generator shaft system from an instantaneous voltage sag ‘r Funabashi, H Otoguro and T Tanabi: Meidensha Corporation, Japan I< Yokoyama Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan
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CONTENTS Page No.
78 Analysis of the operation of a distance relay during an unbalanced arc fault and verification by model tests T Fujimoto and M Furuse Meidensha Corporation, Japan T Ohta Sojo University, Japan H Kuribayashi and T Sasano Kyushu Electric Power Co., INC., Japan
82 New loss of mains detection algorithm for embedded generation using rate of change of voltage and changes in power factors S K Salman and D J King The Robert Gordon University, UK G Weller ALSTOM T&D, UK
86 Relaying problems in the conriection of a dispersed generating plant to the 132kV network L Caciolli Gestore della Rete di Trasmissione Nazionale, Italy G lnvernizzi and P F Lionetto Foster Wheeler Italiana, Italy
90 Detecting loss of earth for embedded generation M A Redfem, D Brown and M G Bartlett University of Bath, UK
COMMUNICATIONS IN PROTECTION AND CONTROL
94 Digital communications for power system protection: security, availability and speed E 0 Schweitzer 111, K Behrendt, T Lee and D A Tziouvaras Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories Inc., USA
98 Design of a protection relay incorporating UCA2/MMS Communications M Adamiak, D Baigent, R Moore, B Kasztenny and J Mazereeuw GE Power Management, USA
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CONTENTS Page No.
102
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126
A new approach to the implementation of intranet-based measurement and monitoring K Hamamatsu, H Watanabe, K Sekiguchi, R Tsukui, K lgarashi and P Beaumont 'roshiba Corporation, Power Systems & Services Company, Japan
Unit protection utilising Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) communication systems - why a new design approach is necessary [ J Hall 'Vational Grid Company PIC, UK :S Potts .4LSTOM T&D Protection and Control Ltd., UK
Communication standards and their impact on the functional integration of protection and control B M Buchholz and G Lang :Siemens AG, Germany
INTEGRATION OF PROTECTION AND CONTROL
Integration of protection and control for railway power systems 'r Einarsson and M M Saha .4BB Automation Products AB, Sweden L Henning Balfour Beatty Rail, Sweden
New approach to an integrated telecontrolled compact distribution Iswitchroom 7 S Sond Schneider Electric, UK 7 0 Gray ScottishPower, UK
Substation information project - field experience with internet technologies 7 V Hughes, J E Fitch and R W Silversides National Grid Company plc, UK
A new proposal to the implementation of substation integrated systems for protection, control and information D D Jones and J A Aspinall National Grid Company, UK
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CONTENTS Page No.
130 Opto-Electronic sensor new concept for analogue measurements in electrical substations R Hughes and E Legrand ALSTOM T&D Protection & ContrGle SA, France
133 An enhanced decentralised numerical busbar protection relay utilising instantaneous current values from high speed sampling H Watanabe, I Shuto and K Igarashi Toshiba Corporation, Japan P Beaumont and K Okuno, Toshiba International (Europe) Ltd, UK
RELAY DESIGN AND NEW PROTECTION PRINCIPLES
137 Adaptive non-communication protection scheme for power lines Z Q Bo, S Potts, G C Weller, N F Chin and D Montjean ALSTOM TD Protection & Control Ltd, UK X 2 Dong Tsinghua University, PR China
141 Single phase fault detection technique based on transient current and its application in non-solid grounded network B Xu Shandong Institute of Engineering, PR China Y Xue Xi 'an Jiaotong University, PR China J Li and Y Chen Kehui Electric Ltd., PR China
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149
A new project for motor fault detection and protection X H Zhang, Y N Cao and Y L Li Tianjin University, P R China
A fast adaptive digital distance protection S Jamali Iran University of Science and Technology, Iran
153 A fault transient comparison technique for multi-ended distribution feeders H Y Li UMIST, UK Z Q Bo, B Caunce and S Potts ALSTOM T&D Protection and Control Ltd, UK
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CONTENTS Page No.
157 Detection and location of low-level arcing faults in metal-clad electrical apparatus T Sidhu, M Sachdev and G S Sagoo University of Saskatchewan, Canada
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Implementation of an adaptive data window technique in a distance relay M S Sachdev, T S Sidhu and D S Ghotira University of Saskatchewan, Canada
The multifunctional numerical transformer protection and control sjstem with adaptive and flexible features J Wang, Z Gajic and S Holst ABB Automation Products AB, Sweden
A review of techniques to detect downed conductors in overhead distribution systems L Li and M A Redfern University of Bath, UK
A new approach to high-speed protection for transmission line based on transient signal analysis using wavelets L Shang, G Herold and J Jaeger FI-iedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Siemens AG, Germany
Modern trends in line and network protection systems J W Dzieduszko ABB Power T&D Company, USA
New magnetizing inrush restraining algorithm for power transformer protection A Kulidjian, B Kasztenny and B Campbell GE Power Management, Canada
Validation of a novel unit protection scheme based on superimposed fault currents D1 W P Thomas, C Christopoulos and 71' Tang The University of Nottingham, UK P Gale H athaway Instruments Ltd, UK
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CONTENTS Page No.
189 Boundary protection of EHV transmission lines using multi- channel frequency comparison technique Z Chen De Montford University, UK Z Q Bo, G C Weller and N F Chin
ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd, UK F Jiang Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore
193 A new directional relay for distribution network protection using transient comparison technique P Fitzgerald, P Bishop, Z Q Bo, L Denning, G C Weller and M O'Keefe ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd, UK
197 Application of wavelet transform in transient protection---- Case study: busbar protection F Jiang Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore Z Q Bo and G C Weller ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd, UK M A Redfern
Z Chen De Montfort University, UK X Z Dong Tsinghua University, PR China
' University of Bath, UK
201 Design and evaluation of an overcurrent relay suitable for operation with measurement current transformers T Bunyagul and P A Crossley UMIST, UK P F Gale Hathaway, USA
TESTING OF PROTECTION SYSTEMS
205 New algorithms to test distance relays A Dierks Alectrix, South Africa D Kehrberg, ESKOM, South Africa
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CONTENTS Page No.
209 Verification of utility requirements on modern numerical transformer protection by dynamic simulation Z Gajic ABB, Sweden G Z Shen ABB, China J U Chen and Z F Xiang ECEPA, China
213 Implementation of dynamic distance relay scheme evaluation testing guidelines using analogue and real time digital simulators P Bishop, Z Q Bo, L Denning and M O’KeeFfe ALSTOM T&D Protection and Control Ltd., UK X F Shen Electric Power Research Institute, P R China
218 Improving site tests efficiency by real-time testing of a new communication link between sensors and a protection device 0 Huet, 0 Maugeard, 0 Chilard, L Popiel, F Klein and C Moreau EIIF R&D, France P Tantin EIIF RTE, France J IPemot ABB, France D Chatrefou A LSTOM, France
222 Simulation of delta connected current transformers in a differential protection scheme D Muthumuni, P G McLaren and W Cl-iandrasena University of Manitoba, Canada A D Parker ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd., UK M Yu RTDS Technologies Inc., Canada
IMPACT OF UTILITY CHANcGES ON PROTECTION
226 PI-otection design & management using global resources A S Klebanowski and J Theunissen SPI PowerNet, Australia
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CONTENTS Page No.
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234
238
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250
254
The impact of energy storage devices used in conjunction with renewable embedded generators, on the protection and control system A Cruden and G J W Dudgeon University of Strathclyde, UK
Strategy for the migration of Eskom’s current substation protection and control architecture to the envisaged future architecture M H L Bower and A de la Guerre Eskom, South Africa G H Topham Technology Services Intemational, South Africa
Unsymmetrical faults and their potential for nuisance tripping of embedded generators M Alshamali and B Fox Queens University of Belfast, UK
Protection asset replacement - what business value? J M Nicholson, G 0 Hensman, A T Scott and P A Jones Yorkshire Electricity Group, UK
POWER QUALITY AND RELIABILITY
Enhanced reliability and other benefits with online security assessment J Bertsch and M Kaba ABB Power Automation Ltd., Switzerland W Quaintance ABB Electric Systems Techology Institute, USA C Rehtanz ABB Corporate Research Ltd., Switzerland Geomagnetic induced current detection and monitoring T H Breckenridge and T Cumming Scottish Power plc, UK J Merron Hathaway Systems Ltd., UK
,
Optimal routine test intervals for pilot protection schemes using probabilistic methods K Kangvansaichol, P Pittayapat and B Eua-Arpom Chulalongkom University, Thailand
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CONTENTS Page No.
258 Simulating protection systems: effects on voltage dips and reliability, a case study G A Bloenihof KEMA T&D Power, The Netherlands V Leitloff EDF, France
262 Quantifying the potential impacts o'f disturbances on power system ]protection :F Wang and M H J Bollen Chalmers University of Technology, !Sweden
266 .4ppiication of disturbance rocorders as near real time information support for national control in ESKlOM ,4 Bartylak IESKOM, South Africa
COMMUNICATIONS
270 !Standardised communications in substations 13 Shephard lkhneider Electric, UK IM C Janssen ICEMA T & D Power, The Netherlands 1-I Schubert FGH, Germany
2 75 IProtocol requirements for remote operation of a substation on Abu IDhabi power system 13 Subramanian, H AI-Hosani' and A Samuel Abu Dhabi Water & Electricity Authority, UAE
279 . Optimum data speed for numericall current differential protection operating over public switched telephone networks 13 ,Y Li and P A Crossley IJMIST, UK :; Potts &tom T&D P&C Ltd, LJK
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CONTENTS Page No.
2 83 TETRA radio in monitoring and control of secondary substations M Nordman and M Lehtonen Helsinki University of Technology, Finland J Takala VTT Energy, Finland E Suvinen and M Hyvarinen Helsinki Energy, Finland E Antila ABB Substation Automation Oy, Finland
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PROTECTION AND CONTROL
287 Fault Identification of double circuit lines H B Elrefaie and A I Megahed Alexandria University, Egypt
291 High speed directional element design and evaluation using neuro- computing technology M Sanaye-Pasand University of Tehran, Iran 0 P Malik University of Calgary, Canada
295 Out-of-step protection with A1 methods W Rebizant Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland K Feser University of Stuttgart, Germany
299 Transient protection of transmission line using wavelet transform M Solanki andY H Song Brunel University, UK S Potts and A Perks ALSTOM Protection & Control, UK
303 Application of ANN methods for instrument transformer correction in transmission line protection M M Saha ABB Automatic Products AB, Sweden J Izykowski, M Lukowicz and E Rosolowski Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland .
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CONTENTS Page No.
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31 1
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33 1
Fuzzy Decision making applied to high impedance fault detection in compensated neutral grounded M’V distribution systems F Ruz and J A Fuentes U niversidad Politknica de Cartagena, Spain
An ANN-based distance prolective relays of transmission lines Y L Li, B Li, X H Zhang and 9 L He Tianjin University, P R China
Aldvanced signal processing methods of harmonics and interharmonics estimation T Lobos, Z Leonowicz and J Rezmer Wroclaw University of Technology, Polland H-J Koglin Sa~arland University, Germany
F,4ULT LOCATION
Cable automation for urban distribution systems A Newbould and L Hu Jacobsen elektro, UK K Chapman NIZDL, UK
F m l t location method for MV Cable Network M M Saha A13B Automation Products, AB, Sweden F Provoost NlJON Technisch Bedrijf, The Netherlands E Rosolowski Wrocalw University of Technology, Poland
Travelling wave fault locator experience on ESKOM’s trmsmission network P F Gale Hathaway, UK P ‘V Taylor, P Naidoo and C Hitchin ESKOM Transmission, South Africa D Clowes H’J Test, South Africa
Fault location using radio frequency emissions P .J Moore, E J Bartlett and M Vaughan University of Bath, UK
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CONTENTS Page No.
335 A complete scheme for fault detection, classification and location in transmission lines using neural networks M Oleskovicz and D V Coury University of S5o Paulo, Brazil R K Aggarwal University of Bath, UK
POWER QUALITY & RELIABILITY
339 Disturbance analysis in TNB transmission system A H Abu Bakar Tenaga Nasional Berhad, Malaysia
343 A privatised utility’s response to protection reliability P K C Wong United Energy, Australia
Risk analysis - new aspect on protection and local control design Y Aabo BKK, Norway R Goin Statkraft, Norway B Lundqvist ABB, Sweden
347
351 Islanding protection system with active and reactive power balancing control for Tokyo metropolitan power system and actual operational experiences S Agematsu and S Imai Tokyo Electric Power Company, Japan R Tsukui, H Watanabe, T Nakamura and T Matsushima Toshiba Corporation, Power Systems & Services Company, Japan
355 Improved voltage quality through advances in voltage control techniques V P Thornley VA TECH Reyrolle AcP, UK N J Hiscock Fundamentals Ltd, UK
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CONTENTS Page No.
PROTECTION AND POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION
359 A model for simulating internal earth faults in transformers A I Megahed Alexandria University, Egypt
3 63 Implementation of a MOV computation method within a protection system simulation A Gopalakrishnan and D M MacGregor Electrocon International Inc, USA 1’ Thor Svensa Kraftnat, Sweden
Simulating the steady state and transient response of protective relays Ed Poller and B Maier 1)lgSILENT GmbH, Germany A Dierks Mectrix, South Africa
367
371 Investigation of the effect of the insertion of series capacitors in high voltage transmission lines on the settings of distance protection S K Salman and N Rajoo The Robert Gordon University, UK I? Leitloff EDF, France
375 Adaptive reclosure using high frequency fault transients I, Youyi and G Yaozhong %’an Jiantong University, P R China X Z Dong l’singhua University, P R China i! Q Bo and N F Chin ALSTOM T&D Protection and Control Ltd., UK
379 A new principle of fault h e selection for distribution S Qianli, X Z Dong and S Shenxing Tsinghua University, P R China S Bin and H’Jiali Tianjin University, P R China
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CONTENTS Page No.
383 A new technique for power transformer protection using discrete dyadic wavelet transform Z Yang, J Z Liu and X Dong Tsinghua University, P R China F Jiang Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore Z Q Bo and N F Chin ALSTOM T&D Protection and Control Ltd., UK
387 Novel numerical algorithm for overhead lines protection and adaptive autoreclosure V V Terzija and H J Koglin Saarland University, Germany 2 M Radojevic University of Belgrade, Yugoslavia
391 Practical use of a dynamic protection system modelling A M Carter and D C Humphreys The National Grid Company plc, UK A DySko and J R McDonald University of Strathclyde, UK
FAULT LOCATION
395 New multi-ended fault location design for two or three-terminal lines D A Tziouvaras, J B Roberts and G Benmouyal Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories Inc., USA
399 Fault location estimation based on matching the simulated and recorded waveforms using genetic algorithms M Kezunovic and Y Liao Texas A&M University, USA
403 Fault location using the high frequency travelling waves measured at a single location on a transmission line M Aurangzeb and P A Crossley UMIST, UK P Gale Hathaway, UK
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CONTENTS Page No.
407 Nlew accurate fault location algorithm for parallel lines M M Saha and K' Wikstrorn A BB Automation Products AB, Sweden J lzykowski and E Rosolowski Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
41 1 A fault location algorithm for lransmission line based on distributed parameter Z Chen, C Luo, J Su and X Wu Tsinghua University, P R China
414 A single ended fault location scheme D W P Thomas, C Christopoulos and Y Tang The University of Nottingham, UK P Gale Hathaway Instruments Ltd, UK
418 A study on fault arc and its influence on digital fault locator performance T :Funabashi and H Otoguro Meidensha Corporation, Japan L Dub6 DEI Simulation Software, Canada M Kizilcay Fachhochschule Osnabruck, Germany A Ametani Doshisha University, Japan
PROTECTION DESIGN TECHNIQUES
422
426
Wavelet transform in the accurate 'detection of high impedance arcing faults in high voltage transmission lines C 13 Kim and H Kim Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea R I< Agganval and A T Johns University of Bath, UK
A new digital relay to provide protection against unbalanced fault coiidi tions 0 lJsta and M Ozdemir Istanbul Technical University, Turkey M Bayrak Saltarya University, Turkey
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CONTENTS Page No.
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434
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446
Novel algorithms for earth fault indication based on monitoring of shunt resistance of MV feeder as par t of relay protection A Nikander and P Jarventausta Tempere University of Technology, Finland J Myllymaki ABB Substation Automation Oy, Finland
Novel algorithm for accelerated second zone tripping of non-unit distance protection V Leitloff Electricitit de France, France P Bastard SupClec, France
A technique for analysing artificial neural network based protection relays T S Sidhu, M S Sachdev and L Mital University of Saskatchewan, Canada
INTEGRATION OF PROTECTION AND CONTROL
Trends in power system protection and control systems L P Cavero Power Systems Management Corp., USA J W Chadwick Consultant, USA
Intelligent wide area back-up protection and it’s role in enhancing transmission network reliability J C Tan University of Manitoba, Canada P A Crossley UMIST, UK I J Hall National Grid Company, UK J Farrell Scottish Power, UK P Gale Hathaway, UK
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CONTENTS Page No.
, 450 System protection schemes in power networks: existing installations and ideas for future developments D Karlsson ABB, Sweden F Ilar ABB, Switzerland P A Crossley UMIST, UK
454 Implementation of National Gritd’s strategy for substation in,formation, control and protection (SICAP) within a new operational substation C M Parker National Grid, UK A M Osiecki ABB Transmission Systems Division, 1JK
458 New solutions for the automation of large industrial distribution n et w o r ks L Hossenlopp Alstom T&D Protection and Control, France
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467
471
APPLICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTION
Numerical busbar protection benefits of numerical technology in electrical substation R Hughes and E Legrand ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd, UK
Sletting constraints for distance protection on underground lines V Leitloff, X Bourgeat and G Duboc Electricit6 de France, France
Remote-end overvoltage protection on Eskom’s transmission lines N[ H L Bower Eskoni, South Africa G H Topham Technology Services International, South Africa[
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CONTENTS Page No.
475 Theory and practical performance of interlocked overcurrent busbar zone protection in distribution substations K Brewis and K Hearfield VA TECH Reyrolle AcP, UK K Chapman NEDL, UK
479 Low impedance restricted earth fault protection P Bertrand, B Gotzig and C Vollet Schneider Electric, France
483 Protection asset maintenance - what business value? A J Bower, A T Scott, G 0 Hensman and P A Jones Yorkshire Electricity Group, UK
487 Improving UK power quality with arc suppression coils A Newbould Jacobsen elektro, UK K Chapman NEDL, UK
DESIGN OF PROTECTION SYSTEMS
491 Design and development of a digital multifunction relay for generator protection M V V S Yalla Beckwith Electric Co., Inc, USA
495 Optimised overhead line maintenance on 25kV electrified railways using remotely monitored distance protection E Pudney and R Wales GT Railway Maintenance Ltd, UK
499 Zero-sequence voltages in unit-connected generator for different methods of grounding generator neutral M Fulczyk
. ABB Corporate Research, Poland
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CONTENTS Page No.
503
507
51 1
515
519
523
527
Non-differential protection of a generator’s stator utilizing fault transients Z Q Bo, S Potts, G Weller and N F Chin ALSTOM T&D Protection and Control Ltd, UK M A Redfern University of Bath, UK F Jiang Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore
Introduction to modern generator protection A J Mackrell A.BB Protection and Control Products Ltd., UK D P Tiller Electrical Power Systems Ltd., UK
Development of an improved multifunction high speed operating cuirrent differential relay for transmission line protection H Ito, I Shuto and H Ayakawa Toshiba Corporation, Power Systems &r. Services Company, Japan P Beaumont and K Okuno Toshiba International (Europe) Ltd, UK
New principles to detect faults during power swing Q Yang, S Jiao and W Liu North China Electric Power University., China Z Bo AI stom T & D Protection and Control Ltd, UK
New developments in low voltage air circuit breaker technology T Craig Terasaki Europe Ltd, UK
RELAY DESIGN & PROTECTION PRINCIPLES
Modelling relays for use in power system protection studies M S Sachdev and T S Sidhu University of Saskatchewan, Canada
Iniproving the protection of EHV teed feeders using local agents D V Coury University of S5o Paulo, Brazil J 13 Thorp, K M Hopkinson and K P Biirman Come11 University, USA
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CONTENTS Page No.
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Object models of transmission line protection relays A P Apostolov ALSTOM T&D, USA K Hill ALSTOM T&D, UK
Network protection based on fault generated transients M A Redfern University of Bath, UK Z Q B o ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd, UK F Jiang Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore
Protection of HV systems: is simple and cheap good enough? G A Bloemhof KEMA T&D Power, The Netherlands B 0 Wolters Essent Netwerk Noord NV, The Netherlands
DESIGN, APPLICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTION
Conventional directional overcurrent & earth fault protection - not always straightforward P J Hindle PB Power Ltd,UK K Chapman NEDL, UK
NGC requirements for commissioning - management & practice K Harker and H Habibollahi National Grid Company, UK
Co-ordinated network protection: the way to the optimised power supply system N Friemelt, R Krebs, F Meisberger and K-J Stober Siemens AG- Germany
Application of Mho and quadrilateral distance characteristics in power systems M J Domzalski, K P Nickerson and P R Rosen VA TECH Reyrolle ACP, UK
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CONTENTS Page No.
559 Knowledge management and intellligent decision support for protection scheme design and application in electrical power systems S M Strachan, G M West, J R McDonald and A H B Duffy University of Strathclyde, IJK
' J Farrell Sc,otti shPower, UK B Gwyn National Grid Company, UK
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