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• Development of buildings archaeology
• The move from digging the past to the study of the built environment
• Moving our understanding forward
© Richard Haddlesey www.medievalarchitecture.net
Background pre 1970Background pre 1970
• RCHME 1908• World Wars• Town and Country Planning Acts
of 1944, 1947 and 1968• Architectural history• Ecclesiastical, seigniorial and
polite structures• C Fox and Lord Raglan, N
Pevsner and M Wood• W. G. Hoskins and W Pantin
Background pre 1970Background pre 1970
• Wharram Percy D.M.V.• 1950-1990• Historian - M Beresford• Archaeologist - J Hurst• Later C Dyer• Localised study• Why did a whole village
disappear?
Background c1965 – Background c1965 – 1980s1980s
• Move toward Processual Archaeology
• Chronologies – typologies• Regional variations• Classifications• All data driven• C Hewett, R. W. Brunskill, R
Harris• Vernacular?
Background 1980s-Background 1980s-1990s1990s
• Post-Processual Archaeology• Birth of “Buildings
Archaeology” 1993 (Morriss 2000)
• Dendrochronolgy• Social and economic variables• Wider implications/subjects• Diffusionism• C Dyer, M Johnson, T James, E
Roberts and S Pearson
NOWNOW
• Cognitive Archaeology• Understanding the “why?”• Digital Archaeology• Mobile Archaeology / Geophysics• Holistic approach• Immersive Virtual technologies• Solid Dendrochronolgies• Media driven - Time Team, etc• M Johnson, C Dyer, D Miles, R
Morriss and R Samson
Whittlewood ProjectWhittlewood Project
• Prof C Dyer• 2000-05• 100km² Communal landscape
management study• Holistic approach• Public involvement• No chronological boundaries• Full digital archive• http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/archive/whittlewood_ahrb_2006/
History of computing and History of computing and archaeological theoryarchaeological theory
Date Archaeological School
Types of theories and problems
Computing machines – hardware and software
Subjects of use
Pre- 1930 Natural observation Descriptive Calculating machines Statistical analysis
1930-65 Cultural history Temporal and geographic gapsmanship as well as reconstructive
Mainframes, Fortran, Cobol
Statistical analysis, data storage and manipulation
1965-80 Processual Systematic, hypothetical, nomethetic , behavioural, group oriented
Mini’s Vaxs, PC, Pascal, C, Basic
Causation, modelling, simulation, GIS
1980-95 Post-processual Individual, interpretive PCs, C++, Prolog Expert systems, non-causative, AI, field use, GIS
1990- Cognitive Individual, experimental and hypothetical, reconstructive
Workstations, PCs, parallel processing, supercomputing, visual basic, numerous specialised languages
AI, GIS, individual modelling, visualisation, webography
(Zubrow 2006)
Cognitive ArchaeologyCognitive Archaeology
• “the study of past ways of thought from material remains” (Renfrew & Bahn 2000)
• To try understand how people thought about and engaged with their environment
Cognitive ArchaeologyCognitive Archaeology
Cognitive ArchaeologyCognitive Archaeology
• By using ‘digital archaeology’ to recreate virtual worlds
• By using – Desktop publishing / WWW– GIS– Computer Aided Design (CAD)– Virtual Reality
Desktop publishingDesktop publishing
Desktop publishingDesktop publishing
Geographical Geographical Information Systems Information Systems
(GIS)(GIS)• ArcGIS 9
www.esri.com
Autodesk-AutoCADAutodesk-AutoCAD
Autodesk – 3d Studio Autodesk – 3d Studio MaxMax
Autodesk – 3d Studio Autodesk – 3d Studio MaxMax
Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology
12th C Lap-joint
Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology
13th C Lap-joint
Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology
12th C Scarf joint
Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology
13th C Scarf joint
Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology
14th C Scarf joint
Buildings ArchaeologyBuildings Archaeology
Disseminating Digital Disseminating Digital ArchaeologyArchaeology
www.digislide.com.au
Digital Archaeology in Digital Archaeology in the Mediathe Media
http://www.digital-archaeology.com/
Virtual tours
Digital Archaeology in Digital Archaeology in the Mediathe Media
Key texts
• Daly, P. & Evans, T. (eds.), (2006). Digital Archaeology: Bridging Method and
Theory, London: Routledge.
• Dibble, H. & McPherron, S., 2002. Using Computers in Archaeology: A Practical
Guide, USA: McGraw-Hill.
• Gerrard, C., 2003. Medieval Archaeology: Understanding Traditions and
Contemporary Approaches, London: Routledge.
• Earl, G. & Goodrick, G., 2004. A manufactured past: virtual reality in archaeology.
http://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue15/2/toc.html. (April 2005)
• Johnson, M., 1999. Archaeological Theory: An Introduction, London: Blackwell.
• Renfrew, C. & Bahn, P., 2000. Archaeology: Theories Methods and Practice,
London: Thames & Hudson.
• Zubrow, E., (2006). Digital Archaeology: A Historical Context, in Digital
Archaeology: Bridging Method and Theory, eds. P. Daly & T. Evans London:
Routledge, 10-31.
Contact
• Richard.Haddlesey@...
• www.medievalarchitecture.net