Development of a thermal cooling system

for a PMT(Photo Multiplier Tube)

Development of a thermal cooling system

for a PMT(Photo Multiplier Tube)

Summer Researcher Yasmine SalasColorado State University

Advisor: Dr. Julia LyobuviksyBio-Engineering Department

University of California, Riverside

Summer Researcher Yasmine SalasColorado State University

Advisor: Dr. Julia LyobuviksyBio-Engineering Department

University of California, Riverside

OutlineOutline

Background of the Multi Photon laser microscopy

Objective How PMT works and why a cooling

system is needed Conclusion Acknowledgements

Background of the Multi Photon laser microscopy

Objective How PMT works and why a cooling

system is needed Conclusion Acknowledgements

ObjectiveObjective

To develop a cooling system for a PMT (Photo Multiplier Tube)

Engineer effective cooling between 5C-35C for Optimum performance.

Configure prototypes models using AutoCAD

Create an efficient holding container for cooling substance whether liquid nitrogen or ethanol, dry ice mixture.

To develop a cooling system for a PMT (Photo Multiplier Tube)

Engineer effective cooling between 5C-35C for Optimum performance.

Configure prototypes models using AutoCAD

Create an efficient holding container for cooling substance whether liquid nitrogen or ethanol, dry ice mixture.

Why use this microscope Why use this microscope

Two-photon excitation microscopy is a fluorescence imaging technique that allows imaging living tissue up to a depth of one millimeter.

The two-photon excitation microscope is a special variant of the multiphoton fluorescence microscope. Two-photon excitation may in some cases be a viable alternative to confocal microscopy due to its deeper tissue penetration and reduced phototoxicity.

Two-photon excitation microscopy is a fluorescence imaging technique that allows imaging living tissue up to a depth of one millimeter.

The two-photon excitation microscope is a special variant of the multiphoton fluorescence microscope. Two-photon excitation may in some cases be a viable alternative to confocal microscopy due to its deeper tissue penetration and reduced phototoxicity.

Multiphoton Microscopy (MPM)-Non-linear optical technique

Z

z

xy

Ti-Sap Laser

scanning

mirrors

spectrograph

CCD

PMT

3D image capabilityand spectroscopy

Backscattering geometry = practical utility for in vivo thick-tissue applications

• Reduced scattering at near- IR wavelengths

• No out of focus absorption

• Very small sample volume

• Non-destructive to samples

• Deeper tissue penetration

What is a PMT?What is a PMT?

Photo multiplier tube Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs)

convert photons to an electrical signal. They have a high internal gain and are sensitive detectors for low-intensity applications such as fluorescence spectroscopy.

Photo multiplier tube Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs)

convert photons to an electrical signal. They have a high internal gain and are sensitive detectors for low-intensity applications such as fluorescence spectroscopy.

How a PMT worksHow a PMT works

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are needed to see this picture.

Inside the PMTInside the PMT

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are needed to see this picture.

Drawing Board Drawing Board

Create a cooling system with aluminum to obtain desired temperature and effective insulation to direct

heat away from the PMT and into the cooling system.

Prototype 1Prototype 1

The radiator module did not work because there was to much heat flux. Temperatures would vary depending

on area of the container.

Prototype 2Prototype 2

This model did not work because the container would create to much pressure

within the box if liquid nitrogen was used, ethanol and dry ice mixture did not cool to

desired temperatures.

Final ProductFinal Product

The final module allowed a constant temperature for all sides it was also insulated with a thick compacted form of Styrofoam and substituted

liquid nitrogen for a ethanol and dry ice mixture. Also a small window of contact was cut in the

Styrofoam to allow a better heat transfer with the PMT.

ConclusionConclusion

Cooling system works efficiently cooling systems similar to the PMT while holding mixture of ethanol

and dry ice but yet has to be tested with liquid nitrogen on a

PMT, which has not yet been received.

Cooling system works efficiently cooling systems similar to the PMT while holding mixture of ethanol

and dry ice but yet has to be tested with liquid nitrogen on a

PMT, which has not yet been received.

Acknowledgements Acknowledgements

Advisor Dr. Julia Lyubovitsky Dr Victor Rodgers

(Department of Bioengineering) Jun Wang

BRITE(University of California, Riverside)

Advisor Dr. Julia Lyubovitsky Dr Victor Rodgers

(Department of Bioengineering) Jun Wang

BRITE(University of California, Riverside)