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Developing Mobile ApplicationsDeveloping Mobile Applications
Tim HeuerTim [email protected]@immedient.com
Bert SolanoBert [email protected]@immedient.com
AgendaAgenda
Mobile OverviewMobile Overview VS .NET FeaturesVS .NET Features Data Storage OptionsData Storage Options Tips and TricksTips and Tricks
CE Devices are availableCE Devices are available
Mobile vs. WirelessMobile vs. Wireless Mobile ArchitecturesMobile Architectures
Application can function in a vacuumApplication can function in a vacuum ““Synchronize When You Can”Synchronize When You Can”
WirelessWireless Tethered to the data source, just like Tethered to the data source, just like
wired, only we use wirelesswired, only we use wireless WiFi, CDPD, GPRS,WiFi, CDPD, GPRS,
Prone to problemsProne to problems
Mobile Apps leverage WirelessMobile Apps leverage Wireless Wireless is NOT MobileWireless is NOT Mobile
Goal for a Mobile AppGoal for a Mobile App
Can your user function from the Can your user function from the bottom of the ocean? bottom of the ocean? (… with a waterproof device)(… with a waterproof device)
Is your application as reliable as their Is your application as reliable as their paper notebook?paper notebook?
Take advantage of the internet, don’t Take advantage of the internet, don’t depend on it.depend on it.
Compatibility ChallengesCompatibility Challenges Many different device typesMany different device types
Different form-factorsDifferent form-factors Human interface choicesHuman interface choices Connectivity choicesConnectivity choices
WiFiWiFi Network CradleNetwork Cradle Compact Compact FlashFlash
WWanWWan Desktop CradleDesktop Cradle Infra RedInfra Red
On-device resources vary widelyOn-device resources vary widely ROM/RAM capacityROM/RAM capacity File systemFile system Battery lifeBattery life
Mobile DevelopmentMobile DevelopmentEnvironmentEnvironment
Single set of familiar Single set of familiar productive tools for all productive tools for all developmentdevelopment
Server componentsServer componentsRich client applicationsRich client applicationsMobile Web developmentMobile Web developmentBuilding Web servicesBuilding Web servicesConsuming Web servicesConsuming Web services
Easily take advantage of Easily take advantage of all Microsoft mobile all Microsoft mobile platform assets platform assets
Mobile DevelopmentMobile DevelopmentApproachesApproaches
Application Application on deviceon device
Device specificDevice specific Fewer devicesFewer devices
Application Application on serveron server
Runs in browserRuns in browser Many devicesMany devices
Offline optionsOffline options Richest UIRichest UI
Online onlyOnline only Less UI choiceLess UI choice Easy to deployEasy to deploy
Client Client ApplicationApplication
WebWebApplicationApplication
Mobile DevelopmentMobile DevelopmentToolsTools
Client Client ApplicationApplication
WebWebApplicationApplication
Embedded Embedded Visual ToolsVisual Tools
eVB and eVC++eVB and eVC++
Device-specific Device-specific Active Server Active Server
PagesPages
Visual Studio Visual Studio & .NE& .NE
T Compact T Compact FrameworkFramework
Visual Studio & Visual Studio & Mobile Internet Mobile Internet
ToolkitToolkit
TodayToday
Mobile Internet ToolkitMobile Internet Toolkit
ComponentsComponents Mobile controlsMobile controls Mobile designerMobile designer Rich device identificationRich device identification
Rapidly develop Mobile Web Rapidly develop Mobile Web ApplicationsApplications
Powerful and flexiblePowerful and flexible Easy to customize and extendEasy to customize and extend
For future devicesFor future devices
Mobile ControlsMobile Controls Render based on device capabilitiesRender based on device capabilities Automatically output multiple markup Automatically output multiple markup
languageslanguages Built upon ASP.NET control base Built upon ASP.NET control base
classesclasses Common controls:Common controls:
LabelLabel TextViewTextView LinkLink CalendarCalendar
.NET Compact Framework.NET Compact Framework Smart Device ExtensionsSmart Device Extensions A subset of the .NET Framework A subset of the .NET Framework
Same programming modelSame programming model Same security as desktop programming modelSame security as desktop programming model
Lightweight and Resource EfficientLightweight and Resource Efficient RAMRAM Battery and CPU usageBattery and CPU usage Flash and ROMFlash and ROM
Rich PocketPC FunctionalityRich PocketPC Functionality Windows Forms (WinForms)Windows Forms (WinForms) ADO.NET Data AccessADO.NET Data Access XML Web Services ClientXML Web Services Client
With Windows CEWith Windows CE
Windows UIWindows UI Standard Windows look and feelStandard Windows look and feel Forms-based UIForms-based UI All the standard controlsAll the standard controls Significant subset for small sizeSignificant subset for small size
XML Web Services XML Web Services Windows NTWindows NT®® network integration network integration
Data AccessData Access Local data (offline)Local data (offline) Remote data (online)Remote data (online) Simple structured files (text)Simple structured files (text)
Take advantage of Windows richnessTake advantage of Windows richness
Windows CE DeviceWindows CE Device
Base Class LibraryBase Class Library
Data and XMLData and XML
XML WebXML WebServicesServices
WindowsWindowsFormsForms
Common Language RuntimeCommon Language Runtime
Device CompatibilityDevice Compatibility
.Net Compact Framework.Net Compact Framework Faithful implementation of Standard CLIFaithful implementation of Standard CLI Core types and methods + device Core types and methods + device
extensionsextensions Subset of .Net framework appropriate to Subset of .Net framework appropriate to
smart device developmentsmart device development
ISO/IEC 23271:2002 / ECMA 335
Common Language Infrastructure
Microsoft .NET Compact Framework Pocket PC (CE)
Microsoft Windows CE ExtensionsIRDA, Barcode Scanner, etc
Microsoft .NET Compact Framework
Smart Phone
Microsoft Full .NET Framework Desktop
It’s All About BalanceIt’s All About Balance (Developer Perspective) (Developer Perspective)
FeaturesFeatures Amount of DataAmount of Data Garbage CollectionGarbage Collection Data Entry/SelectionData Entry/Selection
PerformancePerformance Memory UsageMemory Usage
Data, ObjectsData, Objects
ConnectivityConnectivity
This is NOT the desktopThis is NOT the desktop, , think 100mhzthink 100mhz
Device DatabasesDevice Databases
Microsoft StrategyMicrosoft StrategyScalable SolutionsScalable Solutions
Scalable SolutionsScalable Solutions
MSDE
SQL Server CE
SQL Server
}}Server, Server, Desktop,Desktop,Tablet PCTablet PC
CE PlatformCE Platform
SQL Server CE SQL Server CE (SQL CE)(SQL CE) Database for the CE / Pocket PC PlatformDatabase for the CE / Pocket PC Platform Similar programming style to SQL ServerSimilar programming style to SQL Server Limitations are more device then SQL/CELimitations are more device then SQL/CE 1 Connection/ Database, 1 Connection/ Database, (usually not a problem)(usually not a problem) Multiple Databases per deviceMultiple Databases per device No Stored procsNo Stored procs
Use cached DataCommandsUse cached DataCommands Referential Integrity with cascading updates/DeletesReferential Integrity with cascading updates/Deletes Stand alone, or replicate/sync with SQL ServerStand alone, or replicate/sync with SQL Server
SQL Server not required, SQL Server not required, but best matchbut best match SQL Server CE 2.0 designed for .NET Compact SQL Server CE 2.0 designed for .NET Compact
Framework Framework (System.Data.SqlServerCe)(System.Data.SqlServerCe) Replacement of Pocket Access, Replacement of Pocket Access, just like DBF/Accessjust like DBF/Access
CE Data Access Storage ArchitectureCE Data Access Storage Architecture
OLEDB CEOLEDB CE
CLR / .NET CFCLR / .NET CF
QP/Cursor Engine/ES QP/Cursor Engine/ES
Client Client Agent: Agent:
ReplicationReplicationandandRDARDA
ADO ADO CE CE v3.1v3.1
OLEDB / OLEDB / Replication APIReplication API
IISIIS
CLIENTCLIENT SERVERSERVER
Storage Engine / Repl Storage Engine / Repl TrackingTracking
SQL CE Edition v2.0SQL CE Edition v2.0
eVB eVB 3.03.0 eVC eVC
3.03.0
OLEDBOLEDB
OLEDBOLEDB
Server Server Agent: Agent:
ReplicationReplicationandand
Remote Remote Data Data
AccessAccess
HTTPHTTP
802.11b, 802.11b, CDPD, CDPD, GSM, GSM,
CDMA, CDMA, TDMA, etc.TDMA, etc.
SQL Server SQL Server CE Data CE Data ProviderProvider
Native/UnmanagedNative/Unmanaged StackStack
Data ProviderData Provider
SQL Server SQL Server Client Data Client Data Provider Provider
ADO.NETADO.NET
VS .NET (VB.NET, C#)VS .NET (VB.NET, C#)..NET CF / ManagedNET CF / Managed StackStack
TDSTDS
EthernetEthernet
Well Well ConnectedConnected
Occasionally Occasionally ConnectedConnected
Setting up SQL Setting up SQL CE ReplicationCE Replication Basic Replication setup +Basic Replication setup + Install SQL CE Replication ToolsInstall SQL CE Replication Tools
http://www.microsoft.com/sql/downloads/ce/sp3.asphttp://www.microsoft.com/sql/downloads/ce/sp3.asp
Test connectivity from deviceTest connectivity from device Localhost won’t workLocalhost won’t work NETBIOS name may not work NETBIOS name may not work (WINS Resolution)(WINS Resolution)
Test with IP or Fully Qualified Domain Name Test with IP or Fully Qualified Domain Name If you don’t get this response from the DLL, don’t go any furtherIf you don’t get this response from the DLL, don’t go any further
http://192.168.1.100/Repll/sscesa20.dllhttp://192.168.1.100/Repll/sscesa20.dll
SQL / CE – Data TransferSQL / CE – Data Transfer
Multiple TechniquesMultiple Techniques RDARDA
system.Data.SqlServerCe.SqlCeRemoteDataAccesssystem.Data.SqlServerCe.SqlCeRemoteDataAccess Great for semi-connected environments, large data Great for semi-connected environments, large data
transferstransfers Merge Replication Over IISMerge Replication Over IIS System.Data.SqlServerCe.SqlCeReplicationSystem.Data.SqlServerCe.SqlCeReplication
Great for managing concurrencyGreat for managing concurrency ADO.netADO.net System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommandSystem.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand
Can call SQL Server directly, but not a great idea…* Can call SQL Server directly, but not a great idea…* (*Not (*Not a Mobile Architecture)a Mobile Architecture)
Web ServicesWeb Services Great when concurrency isn’t an issue, or server isn’t SQLGreat when concurrency isn’t an issue, or server isn’t SQL
Supported ADO .NET And XML Supported ADO .NET And XML Classes On .NET CFClasses On .NET CF
XmlWriterXmlWriter
DataSetDataSet
XmlDocumentXmlDocument
.NET Data.NET Data Provider Provider for SQL Serverfor SQL ServerXML FileXML File
SqlConnectionSqlConnection
SqlDataAdapterSqlDataAdapter
SqlCommandSqlCommand
XmlReaderXmlReader
.NET Data Provider .NET Data Provider for SQL CEfor SQL CE
SqlCeConnectionSqlCeConnection
SqlCeDataAdapterSqlCeDataAdapter
SqlCeCommandSqlCeCommand
DataViewDataView
SqlDataReaderSqlDataReader SqlCeDataReaderSqlCeDataReader
Parsing ExceptionsParsing Exceptionspublic static void ShowErrors(SqlCeException se) { SqlCeErrorCollection errorCollection = se.Errors; StringBuilder exInfo= new StringBuilder(); Exception inner = se.InnerException; foreach (SqlCeError err in errorCollection) { exceptionDetailStringBuilder.Append("\n Error Code: " + err.HResult.ToString("X")); exceptionDetailStringBuilder.Append("\n Message : " + err.Message); exceptionDetailStringBuilder.Append("\n Minor Err.: " + err.NativeError); exceptionDetailStringBuilder.Append("\n Source : " + err.Source); foreach (int numPar in err.NumericErrorParameters) { if (0 != numPar) exceptionDetailStringBuilder.Append("\n Num. Par. : " + numPar); } foreach (string errPar in err.ErrorParameters) { if (String.Empty != errPar) exceptionDetailStringBuilder.Append("\n Err. Par. : " + errPar); } MessageBox.Show(exceptionDetailStringBuilder.ToString()); exceptionDetailStringBuilder.Remove(0, exceptionDetailStringBuilder.Length); }}
Mobile ApplicationMobile Application
Tips and TricksTips and Tricks Always think Performance, Always think Performance, ……alwaysalways
Test performance on everythingTest performance on everything Get the actual deviceGet the actual device Design and Proof of Concept Design and Proof of Concept
EVERYTHINGEVERYTHING Get a wireless Lan for debuggingGet a wireless Lan for debugging Reuse everything you canReuse everything you can Database optimization is KEYDatabase optimization is KEY
Don’t assume flat is good. Balance of Don’t assume flat is good. Balance of normalization is goodnormalization is good
Don’t assume your .sdf needs to have the Don’t assume your .sdf needs to have the same structure as the serversame structure as the server
Tips and TricksTips and Tricks
This is NOT a 1.8GHZ ProcessorThis is NOT a 1.8GHZ Processor Think 100MHZThink 100MHZ
Be kind to your environmentBe kind to your environment Reuse EverythingReuse Everything
Pre-Load DataPre-Load Data Use DataSets to cache data Use DataSets to cache data …more to come……more to come…
Save Forms that will be used againSave Forms that will be used again Use a forms collection that caches formsUse a forms collection that caches forms
Toss objects that you don’t use oftenToss objects that you don’t use often Don’t try to load 9 MB of data onto a device Don’t try to load 9 MB of data onto a device
with 8 MB of RAMwith 8 MB of RAM
protected override void OnClosing(CancelEventArgs e){ this.Save(); e.Cancel = true; this.Hide(); base.OnClosing (e);}
ResourcesResources Newsgroups:Newsgroups:
microsoft.public.dotnet.framework.compactframeworkmicrosoft.public.dotnet.framework.compactframework
http://www.gotdotnet.com/team/netcfhttp://www.gotdotnet.com/team/netcf SQL CE SQL CE
http://www.microsoft.com/sql/ce/http://www.microsoft.com/sql/ce/ http://www.microsoft.com/sql/ce/techinfo/http://www.microsoft.com/sql/ce/techinfo/
default.aspdefault.asp Article on Setting up a sample Replication and Article on Setting up a sample Replication and
RDARDAhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnsqlce/html/sqlwince.aspurl=/library/en-us/dnsqlce/html/sqlwince.asp
Q & AQ & A
