Design with the Concept of

Management & Operations in Mind

Prepared By: Adel Rizk 11-02-2015

Table Of Content

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Design with the Intent to Increase Operational Sustainability

Concept of Data Center Operations Functions

Operational Sustainability Standard – Uptime Institute

Impact of Site Location on Building Charac. & Operations

Impact of Design on Building Characteristics

Impact on Building Features

Impact on Infrastructure

Impact on Commissioning

6 Impact of Design on Management & Operations

Design with the Intent to Increase

Operational Sustainability

Data centers are becoming more central to all parts of society (IoT), which is increasingly micro-managing things such as traffic systems, airports, hospitals, and utilities…

Data Centers are Mission Critical Facilities (MCF) engineered for high reliability, with the intent to provide services continuously under Normal, Maintenance, and Emergency Modes of Operations.

Data Centers are complex systems depending on both technology and human activity, and will inevitably fail at some point.

Maximum Availability (Uptime/(MTBF + MTTR)) is achieved by: Tier Topology (Tier II, III, IV), and Operational Sustainability (Management & Operations, Building

Characteristics and Site Location)

In most cases, the underlying root cause of failures is human error whether during design, installation, testing, maintenance or operation. Increasing data center reliability is a matter of eliminating or reducing that wherever possible.

Concept of Data Center

Operations Functions

IT Operations:

Refers to the entire range of IT hardware/ software management (IMACs), IT hardware racking/stacking, equipment monitoring, first response to hardware/ software incidents, NOC, SOC, BCP/ITDR…

Housekeeping Operations

(FM Soft Services):

In addition to all aspects of normal housekeeping, this FM function also includes reception, pantry, janitorial,

health & safety, helpdesk, storage, and escorting customers...

Engineering Operations

(FM Hard Services):

Refers to building engineers and technicians who are charged with operating and maintaining the site infrastructure, supporting tenants, escorting vendors, supervising project work, first response to infrastructure events and issues, including SOPs, EOPs, MoPs, CMMS…

Security Operations:

Includes building and grounds security, raised-floor access control, parking lot management, package receipt/dispatch, first response to security breaches and fire/life safety events…

Operational Sustainability Standard –

Uptime Institute

1. Management & Operations

Staffing and Organization

Shift Presence, Maintenance Hours

(PMs, RCMs, Walk-rounds),

Organization Structure:

IT, Security, Facilities

Training

Qualification & Skills, Staff &

Vendor Training, Incident

management, H&S

Maintenance

PM Program, W.O., CMMS,

Vendor Support, Spare Parts,

Housekeeping, Failure Analysis

Computer Room Change Management

PTW process, EIRs, IMACs

Operating Conditions

Load Management,

Switching/ Rotating,

Set Points, SPC redlines

Planning, Coordination,& Management

Site Policies, Reference Library,

Capacity Planning, Lifecycle

Planning, Financials

Operational Sustainability Standard –

Uptime Institute

2. Building Characteristics

Commissioning

As-built drawings,

SOO,

Signage +Labeling +Tagging,

5 levels of T&C,

Warranties

Building Features

Purpose Built,

Building Size, Functions & Spaces,

Security and Access,

Setback

Infrastructure

Systems Complexity,

Ease of Maintenance,

Scalability, Modularity

Operational Sustainability Standard –

Uptime Institute

3. Site Locations

Natural Disasters

Floods, Earthquakes, Hurricanes,

Lightning strike…

Man-Made Disasters:

Intentional (Terrorism, Theft,

Cybercrime, EMP…)

Accidental (Explosion, Fire, Leaks, ...)

Environmental Conditions

OAT, RH, Dust/Contaminants,

Elevation above sea level

Availability Of Services

Police, Fire brigade, Emergency

Services

Availability of Utilities

Power, Water, Fiber,

Sewage, District Cooling

Availability Of Resources

Qualified Staff, Vendors/OEM,

Spares, Consumables

Operational Sustainability Standard –

Uptime Institute

Impact of Site Location on Building

Characteristics & Operations

Operational Sust.

Element

Impact

Effect

Impact on Bldg.

Char. and M&O Change Opportunity

Natural Disasters HighBuilding Characteristics

Health & Safety

Building Life Safety, Train Staff against Natural Disasters, perform emergency

drills more frequently

Man-Made Disasters -Accidental

HighBuilding Characteristics

Health & Safety

Building Life Safety, Train staff for firefighting, Evacuation and Assembly

point, Fire Resistance, Fire Stopping, Compartmentalization,

Smoke Extraction

Man-Made Disasters -Intentional

HighBuilding CharacteristicsSecurity Management

Provide Multiple layers of security challenges to reach Computer Room

Environmental Conditions

HighMaintenanceHousekeeping

Operating Conditions

Ventilation System, Change Filters more often CR Deep Cleaning, Clean Equipment from dust, Freeing

clogged drains… Turn to Free Cooling Mode

Availability of Services Low Health & Safety If Emergency Services not available, Provide First Aid Kit

and Infirmary facilities, Train Staff on Emergency Services

Impact of Site Location on Building

Characteristics & Operations

Operational Sust.

Element

Impact

Effect

Impact on Bldg.

Char. and M&O Change Opportunity

Availability of Utilities MediumBuilding CharacteristicsOperating Conditions

Housekeeping

Increase On-site storage of water, and Septic Tank (based on 3 shifts 24x7),

Turn to DCP Mode Provide Water Softener for Humidifiers, Air Separator and

Chemical dozer for Chilled water Provide Waste Management gears (oil separator, tank)

Availability ofResources

High

Building CharacteristicsOrganization & Staffing

TrainingMaintenance

Increase Shift Presence, and therefore allocate space to accommodate more staff, including beds, and showers, cafeteria, recreation facilities…

Internal Staff are trained and qualified for break-fix (not only minor PM)

Increase Critical Spare parts and Consumables Safety Stock

Provide storage facilities for Spare parts and tools, plus a Workshop

Provide on-site storage for larger fuel capacity, and Fuel Polisher

Impact of Design on

Building Features & Operations

Operational Sust.

Element

Impact

EffectImpact on M&O Change Opportunity

Purpose Built (Enterprise Or Commercial)

HighComputer Room

Change Management

Process for Deliveries, in-Transit Storage, and Decommissioning

Understand PTW, IMACS, EIRs processes Specify Field devices for DCiM

Building/Campus Size MediumComputer Room

Change Management Maintenance

Separate Car Park for Visitors and Staff, Separate access for material deliveries (Fuel/Water

Tankers) Install a Dock Leveler, Service Elevator and Winch, Have a space for Forklift and Trucks Facilitate walk-rounds Ensure Faster Response to emergencies,

Support & Specialty Spaces

HighComputer Room

Change Management Maintenance

• Provide NOC, SOC, IT support, BMS, and Engineering offices, Command Center (Crisis Management Team)

• Provide meeting rooms, multi-purpose room, and other facilities such as larger loading dock, trash room, staging, IT storage, handling equipment storage, offices for Accounting, Customer Service…

• Allocate space for Workshop, Spare parts and Storage of Consumables

Impact of Design on

Building Features & Operations

Operational Sust.

Element

Impact

EffectImpact on M&O Change Opportunity

Security & Access High Security Management

• Define Process for Access of DC Staff, Vendors, and Customers

• Define Process for Access for People and Material • Provide Vehicle Trap, Turnstile, Speed lanes, Mantrap,

Biometric, Dual-authentication• Provide CCTV monitoring, Intrusion detection, Real-time

Location system

Setback High Security Management

• Ensure enough Standoff distance and provide perimeter anti-ram engineering (bollards, fences, planters),

• Apply the concept of 5D’s, or Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPED)

• Facility Hardening and Blast Resistance

Life Safety High Health & Safety• Civil defense requirements and Life Safety (travel

distance, dead ends, means of egress, assembly points)• Fire protection means (Fire blankets, PFE, Trolleys, FHC, Fire

Hydrants)

Impact of Design on

Infrastructure & Operations

Operational Sust.

Element

Impact

EffectImpact on M&O Change Opportunity

Systems Complexity HighCommissioning Maintenance

• Plan for Testing & Commissioning• Know who will Operate and Maintain the system• Simplify SOPs, EOPs (Isolation, Sustain, Restoration)• Ensure Concurrent Maintenance and Fault Tolerance

Space, Power, Cooling Redlines

Medium Operation Conditions• Provide Design Limit (max. loading. Maximum OAT), • Plan Redundancy and Failover architecture (run/standby), • Ensure Power balancing, Avoid Stranded Capacities

Ease of Maintenance Medium Maintenance

• Provide Handling Equipment, Overhead Crane/Hoist, • Provide Adequate Space for Maintenance, Accessibility, • Provide enough Lighting, Power sockets, Disconnect switch• Provide Space for Installation/Retrieval of Equipment

Flexibility for Capacity Increase

HighCommissioning

Capacity Management

• Show clearly Phasing of Construction on Drawings and BoQs

• Ensure Flexibility in scalability (Hot-Swappable)

Infrastructure for Support Operations

HighMaintenance

Incident Management

• Provide design requirements for Building Automation BMS/SCADA, LAN/WAN of Building services

• Specify Field devices For Power Monitoring EPMS and DCiM

Impact of Design on

Commissioning & Operations

Operational Sust.

Element

Impact

EffectImpact on M&O Change Opportunity

As –Built drawings HighTraining

Maintenance

• Use BIM from design up-to commissioning to facilitate

transition management and handover to Ops.• Provide Details of Panel Boards, Cable Routes and

Pathways• Use Exposed Conducting and Trunking for ease of

traceability

Signage,Labeling & Tagging

HighTraining

Maintenance

• Show Location of Posters, Warning Signs• Provide numbering for Rooms, Doors, and Keys (Master)• Use Color Codes, LOTO, Mimic power flow • Decrease MTTR (increase Uptime) by facilitating PM and

RCM activities• Provide unique and robust/durable, labeling and proper

tagging, for quick identification

SOO High

Commissioning Training

Site Config. PoliciesMaintenance

• Provide SOO for BMS/SCADA, FAS, ACS, PAS to facilitate transition management and handover to Ops.

• Provide Site Configuration policies under different modes of operations (Normal, Maintenance, and Emergency)

Impact of Design on

Commissioning & Operations

Operational Sust.

Element

Impact

EffectImpact on M&O Change Opportunity

Testing & Commissioning High

Commissioning Training

Site Config. PoliciesMaintenance

• Ensure all five levels of T&C are clearly specified FWT, SAT, FCT, FST, especially IST

• Specify and provide BoQ items for Load banks, Fuel and other resources for T&C

• Provide Testing & Commissioning scripts for proper Transition to Ops

• Ensure replacement of certain Consumables after Commissioning (fuel, filters, fuses)

Warranties Medium Maintenance

• Specify after sales support (frequency of PM, RCM response time),

• Ensure that Engineering skills and critical spare parts availability locally,

• Specify Parts and labor that should be covered under warranty

Impact of Design on

Management &Operations

Operational Sust.

Element

Impact

EffectImpact on M&O Change Opportunity

Staffing &

OrganizationHigh

Building Features

Maintenance

• Determine Operations Head Count

• Account for Specialty spaces and support functions

Training MediumTraining

Reference Library

• Provide Training facilities,• Specify Training Simulation Software and/or Web Based

Training Tool

Planning Coordination & Management

MediumCapacity PlanningLife Cycle Planning

• Separate/Reduce Impact of future phases on Current Operations especially during commissioning

• Ensure chosen Technology will be supported in the future

Maintenance HighSecurity Management

Maintenance

• Separate IT from Maintenance• Separate Network from Systems• Separate Access to Service Providers and IT Vendors

(Multiple Staging and Storage rooms)

Operating Conditions High Switching Schedule• Provide Switching Schedule (Rotating redundant

equipment Make before Break)

Change

ManagementHigh

Computer Room

Management

• Allow Flexibility in IT equipment choices (rack sizes, types)• Facilitate storage, movement, handling, and retrieval of

ITE

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