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8809-6202 10 pages
N09/4/DESTE/HP2/ENG/TZ0/XX+
Tuesday 3 November 2009 (afternoon)
DESIGN TECHNOLOGYHIGHER LEVELPaPER 2
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
• Write your session number in the boxes above.• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.• Section A: answer all of Section A in the spaces provided.• Section B: answer one question from Section B. Write your answers on answer sheets.
Write your session number on each answer sheet, and attach them to this examination paper and your cover sheet using the tag provided.
• At the end of the examination, indicate the numbers of the questions answered in the candidate box on your cover sheet and indicate the number of sheets used in the appropriate box on your cover sheet.
1 hour 45 minutes
Candidate session number
0 0
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2009
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Section a
Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.
1. Figure 1depictstheenvironmentalimpactsofamotorcarduringitslifecycle.
Figure 1: environmental impact of a car during its life cycle
landfill
raw materials:ores, petroleum
iron and steelplastics,rubber, glass
non-ferrousmetals
production
disassembly
shredder scrapprocessors
scrap and repair
energywater
emissionssolid waste
energywater
emissionssolid waste
plasticstyres
fuel
emissions
industrial scrap metals
use
end of useful lifeused parts
radiators, batteries
car bodytyres,seats shredded scrap
shredder residue
[Source:DeborahLThurston,“Environmentaldesigntrade-offs”, Journal of Engineering Design,vol5,number1,pp.25-36.ReprintedbypermissionofTaylor&FrancisLtd,http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals]
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(Question 1 continued)
(a) (i) Statethemajormaterialgrouprecycledfromthemotorcar.
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[1]
(ii) Statewhichmaterialgroupisprocessedfromtherawmaterialores.
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[1]
(iii) Listtworesourcesthatinputintothelifecycle.
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[2]
(b) (i) Identifywhichstageofthelifecycleislikelytocreatethemostemissions.
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[2]
(ii) Outlinethelifecyclestagewhichisbasedonre-use.
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[2]
(c) (i) Statethelifecyclestagewhereanend-of-pipeapproachwouldbeused.
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[1]
(ii) Evaluatetheroleofreconditioninginthelifecycleofthemotorcar.
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[3]
(This question continues on the following page)
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(Question 1 continued)
Carmanufacturers are under pressure to reduce the carbondioxide emissions for their carswith130gramsperkilometrebeingthe2012legaltarget.Figure 2showsthecarbondioxideemissionsforarangeofcarsingramsperkilometre.AllthecarsarepetrolmodelsexceptfortheToyotaPriuswhichisahybridmodel.
Figure 2: carbon dioxide emissions of a range of cars
ToyotaPriusFiatPunto
FordFiesta(1.4litre)VauxhallAstra3door(1.8litre)
RenaultClio(1.4litre)FordFocus(1.6litre)
Average2005newcaremissionsVolkswagenGolf5door(1.6litre)
Peugeot307(1.6litre)BMW3Series9(325iTouring)
LandRoverFreelanderV6Ferrari612Scaglietti
104136
154158158159163168
189208
298475
carbondioxideemissionsgramsperkilometre[Source:DepartmentofTransport(UK)]
(d) (i) Calculatethepercentagereductionofaveragenewcaremissionsin2005requiredtomeetthe2012legaltarget.
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[2]
(ii) Explainthechangesthatareneededinordertoachievethe2012target.
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[3]
(This question continues on the following page)
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(Question 1 continued)
(e) (i) Calculate,asapercentage,theemissionsoftheFerrari612ScaglietticarcomparedtotheFiatPuntocar.
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[1]
(ii) Outlineonelikelyimpactofcarpriceonvolumeofsalesandtheeffectofthisontotalcarbondioxideemissionsofcars.
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[2]
2. (a) Stateanon-renewableenergysourceotherthancoal.
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[1]
(b) Explaintheimportanceofcoaltothedevelopmentofmechanisationandautomation.
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[3]
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3. (a) Listtwoconsiderationsinthechoiceofanadhesivetojointwomaterials.
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[2]
(b) Outlineoneconsiderationinlaminatingatimberproductwithtightcurves.
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[2]
4. (a) Definesustainable development.
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[1]
(b) Explainonekeydimensionoftriplebottomlinesustainability.
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[3]
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5. (a) Describehowthetensilestrengthofametalisincreasedbyalloying.
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[2]
(b) Outlineoneadvantageofusingsuperalloysinarocketengine.
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6. (a) State one reason why innovators may have difficulty in obtaining financial supportforaninvention.
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[1]
(b) Comparetheloneinventorwiththeproductchampion.
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[3]
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Section B
Answer one question. Write your answers on the answer sheets provided. Write your session number on each answer sheet, and attach them to this examination paper and your cover sheet using the tag provided.
7. Figure 3showstheSoleaMFwood-burningstovewhichcanberotated.Ithasasecondarycombustionsystemmeaningthatthefuelisburnttwice.
Figure 3: Solea MF wood-burning stove
[Source:www.acrheatproducts.co.uk]
(a) (i) Outlineoneadvantageofusingglassforthefrontpanelofthestove. [2]
(ii) Outlineonesafetyconsiderationforthedesignofthestove. [2]
(b) (i) Outlineone advantageofbeingabletorotatethestove. [2]
(ii) Evaluatethewood-burningstoveinrelationtoconveniencefortheuser. [3]
(c) (i) Outlineone reason (not related togreendesign)whywood-burning stovesmaybepopular. [2]
(ii) Discussthreegreendesignconsiderationsrelatingtothewood-burningstove. [9]
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8. Figure 4 shows a chair designed by Michael Thonet to be suitable for mass production.Atfirst the laminatedparts of the chairwereglued together, but by1861Thonetmade thechair from steam-bent solid wood which was screwed together. Thonet continued toimprovethedesignandby1867itcouldbemadefromsixpiecesofbentwood,tenscrewsand twowashers (see Figure 5). The seat was usuallymade of woven cane or plywood.Differentversionsofthechairarestillinproductiontoday.
Figure 4:the thonet no. 14 chair
(assembled)Figure 5: the thonet no. 14 chair
(disassembled)
[Source:GebruderThonetproductsreproducedbypermissionofPoltronaFrauGroup]
(a) (i) Outlineone functionofthesmallerwoodencircularcomponent. [2]
(ii) Outlinethetypeofforceactingonthescrewswhichjointhelegstothesmallercircularwoodencomponent. [2]
(b) (i) Outlinehowtheconceptofproduct familyappliestotheThonetchairdesign. [2]
(ii) EvaluatetheThonetchairdesigninrelationtoitssuitabilityforbatchproductionandmassproduction. [3]
(c) (i) Outline one physiological factor to be taken into account in the design of theThonetchair. [2]
(ii) Explain three reasons why the Thonet chair in Figure 4 is still a populardesigntoday. [9]
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9. Figure 6 shows the Avelo Shimano 6–speed folding bicycle made from a metal alloyframeandavailablewith20inch(50.8cm)diameteralloywheels. Theseat isadjustable todifferent heights. Figure 7 shows the Shimano bicycle folded. Sales of folding bicyclescontinuetoriseglobally.
Figure 6: Shimano bicycle Figure 7: Shimano bicycle folded
[Source:www.amazon.co.uk]
(a) (i) Outlineone reasonwhythebicycleinFigure 6isdesignedwithanadjustableseat. [2]
(ii) Outlineone advantageofusingametalalloyforthebicycleframe. [2]
(b) (i) Describehowthegearsystemofabicycleinteractswiththechaindrivesystem. [2]
(ii) Explainhowtheefficiencyofthebicycleasamechanicalsystemcanbecalculated. [3]
(c) (i) Describethetypeofenergyconversioninvolvedincycling. [2]
(ii) Discussthreereasonswhythefoldingbicycledesignmaycontributetoanincreaseinthepopularityofcycling. [9]
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