DepEd Training Gender Situationer

8/2/2019 DepEd Training Gender Situationer

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- 1.3B people are in poverty, 70% ofwhom

are women

- Womens share of unpaid work hadincreased in most regions but womenreceive 1/3 of womens salary for the

same work- Of the estimated 146M illiterate

young people in the world, 86M arewomen


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Why is Gender an issue in

Development?A GAD Situationer

Prepared by Rhodora M.Bucoy,Ph DUP Cebu GAD/SidlakGRC


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Three decades after CEDAW, women in the

Philippines have come a long way. Butgreater strides are to come if we work in

unity towards respecting, protecting and

fulfilling women's rights.


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Facts and Figures on Filipino Women:

POPULATION

Source: www.ncrfw.gov.ph; 1 NSO 2010 Population Census; 2 NSO 2000 Census of Population and Housing

Philippines is among the most populous countryin the world, roughly 93 million1

Ranks 12thglobally, 7th in Asia and 2nd in SE Asia

Sex ratio: 101.4, ( for every 100 females, thereare 101 males)2

In 2003 NDHS survey, fertility rate per woman isat 3.5 per woman, a steady decline from 6.0

children per woman in 1970. Although declining, 2003 fertility rate was

considered relatively higher compared with fertilityrate levels with other SEA countries.
http://www.ncrfw.gov.ph/http://www.ncrfw.gov.ph/


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Women in poor households bear more childrenthan those who are well-off.

Those who didn't attend school bear an average5.3 children;

Those with college education have 2.7 children perwoman

Population census and other household surveysrevealed an increasing trend in female-headedhouseholds

10.0% (1970) ; 11.3% (1990)

12.2% (1995) ; 13.5 % (2000)

15.4% (2003)


POPULATION


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The Status of Filipino

POPULATION,FAMILIES andHOUSEHOLDS

Philippines is among

the most populouscountries in theworld, ranking 12thglobally, 7th in Asia,and 2nd in theSoutheast Asia. Its

population continuesto balloon with anannual growth rateof 2.04 percent.

Source: NCRFW 2010


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VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

From January to October 2007, PNPdocumented 4,687 VAW cases

Physical injuries and/or wife battering is the mostprevalent case (58.5%) of all reported VAWcases nationwide.

Reported rape cases accounted 14.7% of VAWcases.

Acts of lasciviousness accounted 9.4% of allreported VAW cases.


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Statistics on Violence Against FilipinoWomen

In 2009 the number of VAW cases reported to the policerose by 37.4 percent from the 2008 report. The increasecaused the trend to go upward after a six-year downwardtrend from 2001 to 2006. (NCRFW 2010)

For the past thirteen years since 1997, the trend peaked

at a record high of 9,132 VAW cases in 2001. The trend, however, is not conclusive of a decreasing orincreasing VAW incidence in the country because dataare based only from what was reported to PNP.

Physical injuries and/or wife battering remains to be themost prevalent case across the twelve-year period, from19972009, accounting nearly half (45.5%) of allreported VAW cases nationwide.

Reported incidence of physical injuries and/or wifebattering has been decreasing in the latter years. Itspeak was in 2001 at 5,668 reported cases. The decreasecan be partly attributed to the enactment into law of RA9262 or Anti-VAWC Act of 2004 which penalizes abusive

-


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VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN


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Facts and Figures on Filipino Women: VIOLENCEAGAINST WOMEN


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Distribution of AverageReported VAW Cases


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LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT

October 2006 Labor Force Survey estimated33.2 million employed and 2.6 million

unemployed population Employed women estimated at 12.8M; while

unemployed women at 936,000

Recent stats still show similar pattern

Labor Force Participation rate: Female: 48.8%; Male: 79.1%


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2006 NSO Survey on Overseas Filipinos Workersestimated a total of 1.52 M OFWs, a significant

14.3% increase over the previous year estimate Of the 1.52M OFWs, 50.4% are female OFWs;

49.6% are male OFWs

Around 43.5 % of female OFWs were aged 15 to29 years old, male OFWs were evenly distributedamong age groups. This is a steady trend since2005.


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Facts and Figures on Filipino Women:LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT

Luzon remains the largest supplier of overseasworkers in the Philippines.

Hongkong, Saudi and Japan are the top three

destination countries of OFWs. The 2005 and 2004 surveys somehow give us a

hint why Filipinos abroad are accorded with lowregard or even get discriminated:

54.9% of total female OFWs were laborers andunskilled workers

55% of male OFWs were trade workers (plant/machine operators/assemblers)


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Remittances of female OFWs were relativelylower than their male counterpart. of the total P85.4B estimated OFW remittances,

35.9% came from female OFWs


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OVERSEASEMPLOYMENT

The 2008 Survey onOverseas Filipinos(SOF) conducted bythe National Statistics

Office estimated a totalof 2.0 million OverseasFilipino Workers(OFWs) deployed allover the world duringthe period April toSeptember 2008.

There was a significant14.6 percent increaseover the previousyears estimate of 1.75million OFWs.

Source: NCRFW 2010


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One million OFW leave everyyear


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HEALTH

Female life expectancy remains higher at 71.64years compared to men at 66.11 years (2005-2010projections, NSO)

2006 NSO FPS revealed that for every 100,000

live births, 162 women die during pregnancy andchildbirth or shortly after birth.

Philippines maternal mortality still the highest in

Asia 50.6% of women at child-bearing age uses

family planning method

The most preferred contraceptive method is pills,

followed by female sterilization.


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Facts and Figures on Filipino Women:HEALTH

The 2003 National Nutrition Survey showed theprevalence of 5 nutrition-related and lifestyle riskfactors:

Dyslipidemia

Diabetes

Hypertension

Smoking

Obesity

The prevalence of smoking in women is relativelylow (12.1%) compared to men (56.3%)

Among lactating and pregnant women, anemiaremains a health problem.


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Facts and Figures on Filipino Women:HEALTH

From January to December 2007, DOH recorded342 HIV Ab seropositives314 are asymptomatic

28 are full-blown AIDS (8 of which died)

On the same period, women with HIV/AIDS wererecorded at 1,023 cases

HIV/AIDS cases for men were higher at 2,027cases

There were 7 in every 10 women OFWs withHIV/AIDS while 5 in every 10 men OFWs withHIV/AIDS

Leading mode of transmission: Sexualintercourse


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Facts and Figures on Filipino Women:EDUCATION

8 out of 100 Filipino women and 11 out of 100Filipino men cannot read and write (2003 NSO FLEMMS)

26 million of women can be considered basicallyliterate. This is evident in the higher completion

rates of females against males in the elementaryand high school levels.

Women with numerical skills (functional literacy)is higher (25 million) than men (24 million)

Girls fared better in elementary and secondaryeducation

In public elementary level, NER of female wascomputed at 76.90%

Male NER was a little bit low at 75.28%


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Facts and Figures on Filipino Women:EDUCATION

Gender Parity Index is computed at 1.02 (102girls in every 100 boys) means, more girls hadenrolled in elementary education than boys.

In public secondary education, female NER was

only 49.59% while male NER was 41.34 percent Gender parity at secondary level is computed at

1.20, which is equivalent to 120 girls in every 100boys.

More girls completed the prescribed number ofyears in both elementary and secondaryeducation

67.35% females while 58.79% males

1.15 GPI (115 girls in every 100 boys)


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Facts and Figures on Filipino Women:POLITICS and GOVERNANCE

Filipino women have higher voter turn-out and arewinning in elections but still continue to have littleparticipation in politics and governance.

Despite the high success rates in elections,Filipino women still have dismal participation asdecision-makers in the public sector.

In 2007 Senatorial elections, there were 4 women

out of 37 hopefuls. Only 1 entered top 12 There were only 51 women Representatives of

the total 240 Representatives as members of theLower House.

F d Fi Fili i W


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In 2007 elections, 2 out of 21 seats for party-listrepresentatives were given to women'sorganizations. Of the total 21 elected party-listRepresentatives, 28.57% are women (higher than

the 2004 figure of 17.39%) Recent elections women still minority in

government

Women participation in judiciary is also dismal.

In 2001, 19% of total incumbent judges in the firstand second level courts including Shari'a courtswere women

In 2002, 24%

In 2003, 25%

F d Fi Fili i W


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In the Supreme Court, women justices comprise 3 out of 15 (2001)

4 out of 15 (2002)

4 out of 14 (2003)

5 out of 15 (2004) 5 out of 15 (2007)

Statistics of Women bar passers: 40.44% women passers (2001)

39.04% (2002)

43.68% (2003)

46.31% (2004)

48.27% (2005)


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2010 May Elections Womens issues are not carried by any of the

major political parties; Only issue often raised about women is the

Repro health bill which rejected by almost all thecandidates;

Women senatoriables are not given adequatemedia attention;

There is a need for women and genderadvocates to claim our political space during theMay elections and assert that gender issues arepolitical issues.


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The participation of women inthe judiciary is also dismal. In

2001, 20 percent of the totalincumbent judges in the firstand second level courts,including Sharia courts, werewomen, although it increasedto 24 percent in 2002; 25

percent in 2003; and 26percent in 2004.

In the Supreme Court, therewere 3 women out of 15

justices in 2001; 4 out of 15 in2002; 4 out of 14 in 2003; 5out of 15 in 2004; and 5 out of15 in 2007.

Source: NCRFW 2010


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Poverty Trends

12.1514.613.5

15.8

17

24.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1991 1997 2000 2003 2006 2015

Proportion of population below subsistence threshold


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Are we doing

okay? The human development index

says that the Philippines is in themedium human developmentcategory.


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Human Development Index, Gender Related DevelopmentIndex, and Gender Empowerment Ranking of thePhilippines

Year HDI RankPhilippines GDI RankPhilippines GEM RankPhilippines1995 100 64 28

1997 98 81 35

1999 77 65 45

2001 70 62 46

2003 85 66 35

2005 90 77 45

Human Development Index- is a composite statistic used to rank countries by level of "human development" andseparate developed (high development), developing (middle development), and underdeveloped (low development)countries.

Gender Development Index- is a composite indicator of gender equality, developed by the United Nations (UN). Itaims to show the inequalities between men and women in the following areas: long and healthy life, knowledge, and adecent standard of living.

Gender Empowerment Measure- measures the participation of women and men in political decision-making. Thisindex also has four indicators: female members of the Legislature, female participation in selected positions in publicand private sector, female participation in academic and technical work, and estimated income


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Social and Political Unrest


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Philippines ranking high in womenempowerment , but?

Challenges remain, actionneed to be done in various areas


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End of Session I

DaghangSalamat.

Documents

DepEd Training Gender Situationer