Department of Mathematics and Science

Changes in MatterBig Idea 9 – SC.4.P.9.1

Department of Mathematics and ScienceOffice of Academics and Transformation

Benchmark Descriptions

• SC.4.P.9.1 – Identify some familiar changes in materials that result in other materials with different characteristics, such as decaying animal or plant matter, burning, rusting, and cooking.

What is Matter?

• Matter is anything that takes up space and has weight.

• Matter has three forms.• Matter can be a solid, a liquid, or a gas.• Matter can be described by its properties.• Matter is made up of tiny particles called

atoms.

What do we know about solids, liquids, and gases?

Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume.

Liquids have definite volume but take the shape of the containers.

Gases take the shape and volume of the containers.

Take a piece of paper and change it in some way.

How did you change your piece of paper it?

Folding BendingTearing CuttingCrumpling

Why are the changes that you made to the paper just physical changes?

The paper is still paper. You can unfold it.

Physical change is often due to a change in temperature

How does heat affect physical changes?

Some types of matter change state when

enough heat is added to it (melting)

or taken away from it (freezing).

What are some examples of each?

Water freezes at 0 + Celsius or 32 + Fahrenheit

More on Physical Changes

What is happening to the ice cubes?• They’re melting.• If you add enough heat energy to ice, it turns into liquid

water, then it turns into a gas called water vapor.• If you cool the substance, by taking away heat energy, you

can reverse these changes. • You can change a gas into a liquid and a liquid into a solid.

What type of change is this?• Changing from one state to another state is an example of a

physical change.

What is a Physical Change?• Crushing• Folding• Bending• Tearing• Cutting• Crumbling• Sanding• Smashing• Peeling

• Melting *• Freezing *

*Changing from one state of matter to another.

What are some physical properties of matter?

• Color• Texture• Odor• Size• Volume• Mass

• Solid, Liquid, or Gas

• Magnetic• Floats or sinks• Boiling point• Melting point

What are Physical Changes of Matter?

• A physical change is a change in the physical properties of matter. The matter changed in how it looks, but what it is made out of does not change.

• A change that takes place when a substance changes in size, shape or form. The particles of matter do not change.

Department of Mathematics and Science

What are Chemical Changes?

Chemical Changes

Chemical changes produce new substances

that have different properties than the original

substances.

What are some examples of chemical changes?• Burning• Rusting• Cooking and baking

More on Chemical Changes

Decaying LeavesFresh Leaves

Why did the leaves change?

• Corrosion of metal—when iron combines with oxygen in the air, rust forms

• Gas bubbles— Baking soda combines with vinegar, carbon dioxide forms

• A change in color (browning of fruit - decay) – an apple is peeled and reaction with oxygen in the air

Chemical changes change the chemical nature and properties of substances to form new substances.

What are some examples of chemical properties?

What are some examples of evidence that a chemical change took place?

Signs • Change in odor• Change in color• Change in taste• Change in mass• Forming bubbles (giving off a gas)• Giving off smoke• Giving off light

Hands On Activity Big Idea 9: Changes in Matter

Department of Science

Change in Temperature LabAdapted from American Chemical Society

Inquiry in Action

Refer to Change in Temperature Lab Power Point Presentation at Science Website Instructional Resources Grade 4 Quarter 1

http://science.dadeschools.net/elem/InstructionalResources/IR-4.html

Compare and ContrastProperty Changes

Physical change• A physical change is a change in

the physical properties of matter. The matter changed in how it looks, but what it is made out of does not change.

• A change that takes place when a substance changes in size, shape or form. The particles of matter do not change.

Chemical changes

• A chemical change is a change in the chemical properties of matter. A chemical change occurs when two or more kinds of matter combine to form a new substance with different properties.

• A change that takes place when a substance is completely altered. The particles of matter do change.

ReviewWhat is a chemical change?Answer: A chemical change produces substances that have new properties.How is a chemical change different than a physical change?Answer: A physical change does not produce new substances like a chemical change does. It only changes physical properties.How is heat involved in chemical changes?Answer: Sometimes heating can cause chemical changes. Sometimes chemical changes give off heat.How is heat involved in physical changes?Answer: Sometimes adding heat to matter can change its state -when enough heat is added to it can cause melting or if heat is taken away it can cause freezing of the matter.

Quiz: Decide if each example is a physical or chemical change.

Change Scenario1. Water boiling into steam

2. An ice cream melting3. A bicycle rusting in the rain4. A banana turning brown5. Tearing paper into pieces6. A candle wick burning7. Water freezing into ice8. A carton of milk going sour9. A loaf of bread cut into slices10. Burning toast in the toaster

Physical or chemical1.

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10.

Chemical Change Resources: Free Brain POP:

Matter ChangingProperty Changes

Scholastic Study Jams:Physical & Chemical Changes of Matter

CHEM4KIDS:Changing States of MatterChemical Reactions

Discovery Education Science Content:• Exploration: Chemical Changes• Reading Passage: Keep it in the Dark• Video: Chemical Changes• Video: Chemical Reactions