Upload
doanhangmt
View
219
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
1/12
TRNG I HC NNG NGHIP H NIKHOA TI NGUYN V MI TRNG
CNG
CHUYN TT NGHIP
TN TI:NH GI TNH HNH QUN L RC THISINH HOT V XUT MT S GII PHP
TI HUYN KIM SN TNH NINH BNH
H Ni - 2011
8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
2/12
TRNG I HC NNG NGHIP H NIKHOA TI NGUYN V MI TRNG
CNG
CHUYN TT NGHIP
TN TI:
NH GI TNH HNH QUN L RC THISINH HOT V XUT MT S GII PHPTI HUYN KIM SN TNH NINH BNH
Ngi thc hin : ON TH HNGLp : LT3MTKha : 3Ngnh : KHOA HC MI TRNG
Ngi hng dn : TS. NG TH NNGUYN TH HNG NGC
B mn : QUN L MI TRNG
8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
3/12
H Ni - 2011
8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
4/12
Phn I
M U
1.1. T VN
Cng vi s pht trin chung ca Th Gii, nn kinh t ca
Vit Nam cng ang c nhng bc chuyn mnh mnh m. Qu trnh cng
nghip ha, hin i ha ang din ra ht sc khn trng, b mt x hi c
nhiu chuyn bin tch cc. Tuy nhin gia tng dn s cng vi qu trnh cng
nghip ha v ang gy sc p ln cho mi trng, c bit l vn rc
thi.
L mt thnh ph tr c v tr quan trng ca vng ca ng min Bc v
vng kinh t trng im pha Bc. Trong nhng nm gn y kinh t Ninh Bnh
lin tc tng trng mc 2 con s, nm 2010 ch s nng lc cnh tranh cp
tnh xp th 11/63, lin tc nm trong nhm tnh ng u min Bc. C c
kt qu nh vy l do nhng nm gn y Ninh Bnh khng ngng y mnh
cng nghip ha hin i ha pht trin kinh t hn na. ng gp vo s
pht trin kinh t chung ca ton tnh nhng nm gn y Kim Sn cng c
bc chuyn mnh mnh m v kinh t. l do Kim Sn l huyn ven bin
thun khit ng bng, nn u t pht trin kinh t bin, to ra s ang dng
trong ngnh ngh sn xut, to ra nhiu ca ci vt cht. Tuy nhin, bn cnh
nhng li th to ln v mt kinh t, x hi li ko theo nhu cu tiu dng v
s dng sn phm tng ln mnh, lm lng cht thi sinh hat pht sinh nhiu,gy nhim mi trng tng mnh. V cha c mt bin php qun l ng
cch nn tnh trng ngi dn x rc ba bi vn din ra ph bin qu sc chu
ti ca mi trng. Ti mt s tuyn sng cp 1 bt u c du hiu b nhim
bn. Rc thi khng ch nh hng n m quan th m cn nh hng ti
sc khe ngi dn, ti mt s ni trong huyn nh ti th trn Bnh Minh,
ngi dn ang t ra rt bc xc v vn v sinh mi trng. V vy th lm
1
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%89_s%E1%BB%91_n%C4%83ng_l%E1%BB%B1c_c%E1%BA%A1nh_tranh_c%E1%BA%A5p_t%E1%BB%89nhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%89_s%E1%BB%91_n%C4%83ng_l%E1%BB%B1c_c%E1%BA%A1nh_tranh_c%E1%BA%A5p_t%E1%BB%89nhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%89_s%E1%BB%91_n%C4%83ng_l%E1%BB%B1c_c%E1%BA%A1nh_tranh_c%E1%BA%A5p_t%E1%BB%89nhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%89_s%E1%BB%91_n%C4%83ng_l%E1%BB%B1c_c%E1%BA%A1nh_tranh_c%E1%BA%A5p_t%E1%BB%89nh8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
5/12
th no c mt bin php qun l, x l cht thi rn sinh hot tht tt l mt
i hi tt yu vo lc ny.
Xut pht t thc trng trn,chng ti tin hnh thc hin ti : nh gi tnh hnh qun l rc thi
sinh hot v xut mt s gii php ti Huyn Kim Sn Tnh Ninh Bnh
1.2. MC CH YU CU
1.2.1 Mc ch
Tm hiu hin trng cng tc qun l rc thi sinh hot ca HuynKim Sn;
nh gi cng tc qun l rc thi sinh hot ca Huyn Kim Sn Tnh
Ninh Bnh;
xut mt s bin php ci thin cng tc qun l, x l rc thi sinh
hot gp phn bo v mi trng Huyn Kim Sn.
1.2.2. Yu cu S liu trung thc, khch quan nh gi hin trng pht sinhm
cng tc qun l rc thi sinh hot trn a bn Huyn Kim Sn Tnh Ninh
Bnh;
Cc gii php xut ph hp vi iu kin ca a phng, c
tnh thc tin v kh nng p dng thc t.
2
8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
6/12
Phn II
TNG QUAN TI LIU
2.1. Mt s khi nim lin quan
2.2. Ngun pht sinh, phn loi v thnh phn rc thi sinh hot
Ngun gc, phn loi
Thnh phn rc thi sinh hot
2.3. nh hng ca rc thi sinh hot ti mi trng v sc khe
con ngi
i vi mi trng: mi trng t, nc, khng kh.
i vi sc khe con ngi
Rc thi sinh hot lm gim m quan th
2.4. Tnh hnh qun l v x l rc thi trn Th Gii
Qun l rc thi trn Th gii
X l rc thi trn Th gii
2.5. Tnh hnh qun l v x l rc thi ti Vit Nam
Qun l rc thi ti Vit Nam
X l rc thi ti Vit Nam
Nhng hn ch trong cng tc qun l v x l rc thi ti Vit Nam
3
8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
7/12
Phn III
I TNG NI DUNG
PHNG PHP NGHIN CU
3.1. i tng, phm vi nghin cu
i tng nghin cu: Rc thi sinh hot
Phm vi nghin cu : Ti x Thng Kim v Th trn Bnh Minh ca
Huyn Kim Sn Tnh Ninh Bnh.
3.2. Ni dung nghin cu
Khi qut iu kin t nhin, kinh t - x hi tnh Ninh Bnh.
Hin trng cht thi rn sinh hot ti x Thng Kim v Th trn
Bnh Minh ca Huyn Kim Sn Tnh Ninh Bnh.
Tm hiu cng tc qun l cht thi rn sinh hot ti x Thng
Kim v Th trn Bnh Minh - Huyn Kim Sn Tnh Ninh Bnh.
+ Cng tc qun l nh nc v rc thi sinh hot ti a phng.
+ C cu t chc n v thu gom, s lng cng nhn thu gom.
+ C s vt cht, trang thit b thu gom, vn chuyn rc thi sinh hot.
Nhn xt v tnh hnh qun l rc thi sinh hot ti khu vc nghin
cu, nhng thun li v kh khn trong cng tc qun l cht thi rn sinh hot
trn a bn.
Nhng nh hng ca rc thi sinh hot vi mi trng khu vc v
sc khe ngi dn.
xut mt s bin php qun l, x l cht thi nhm nng cao
hiu qu cng tc qun l rc thi sinh hot ti Huyn Kim Sn.
+ Bin php v chnh sch.
4
8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
8/12
+ Bin php v tuyn truyn gio dc cng ng.
+ Bin php k thut
3.3. Phng php nghin cu
3.3.1. Thu thp ti liu th cp
Cc ti liu cn thu thp gm: iu kin t nhin v tnh hnh pht
trin kinh t, x hi ca a phng, hin trng rc thi sinh hot, cng tc thu
gom vn chuyn c thu thp t phng Ti nguyn v mi trng huyn,
phng Qun l mi trng th.
Cc vn bn php quy v quy c cng ng v mi trng.
Tham kho ti liu trn sch, bo, internet....
3.3.2. Thu thp ti liu s cp
Phng php iu tra bng phiu iu tra, phng php phng vn:
- Lp phiu iu tra ( c 3 loi phiu iu tra).
- Phng vn cn b phng qun l mi trng th; cn b mi trng
x, th trn.
- Phng vn ngi dn : s lng 30 phiu nhm thu thp thng tin s cpv s lng, thnh phn rc thi pht sinh, hnh thc thu gom, nh gi ca
ngi dn v mi trng.
-Phng vn ngi thu gom: s lng 5 phiu ( ti x Thng Kim) .
Phng php kho st thc a
- Kt hp kho st thc a vi qu trnh iu tra, phng vn h. Quan st,
chp nh, a ra nhng nhn nh v hin trng qun l rc thi ti a bn;- Xc nh lng rc pht sinh, thnh phn ca rc thi sinh hot qua qu
trnh cn rc ti X Thng Kim v Th trn Bnh Minh trong thi gian 2 tun
ti mt s h gia nh so snh lng rc pht sinh trong cc ngy khc nhau
trong tun v so snh lng rc cng nh thnh phn rc thi sinh hot ca 2 a
bn nghin cu trn.
3.3.3. Phng php phn tch v x l s liu
5
8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
9/12
S liu thu thp t cc ti liu th cp, phiu iu tra h c phn tch,
tnh ton bng phn mm Ms.ecxel.
Phn IV
D KIN KT QU
4.1. iu kin t nhin, kinh t x hi ca Tnh Ninh Bnh
4.1.1. iu kin t nhin
V tr a l
a hnh a mo
Kh hu
Thy vn
Cc ngun ti nguyn
4.1.2. iu kin kinh t - x hi
Pht trin kinh t
Dn s, lao ng, vic lm
Thc trng pht trin c s h tng
4.1.3. nh gi chung
Thun li
Kh khn
4.2. Thc trng pht sinh rc thi sinh hot ti X Thng Kim
v Th trn Bnh Minh - Huyn Kim Sn Tnh Ninh BnhNgun pht sinh
Thnh phn rc thi sinh hot
Khi lng rc thi sinh hot pht sinh
Nhng nh hng ca cht thi sinh hot n mi trng v sc khe
ngi dn trong khu vc nghin cu.
6
8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
10/12
4.3. Thc trng qun l rc thi sinh hot ti th trn Bnh Minh v
x Thng Kim ca Huyn Kim Sn
4.3.1. Thc trng qun l
4.3.2. Thc trng thu gom4.4. Thi ca nh qun l, cng nhn thu gom, h gia nh i
vi cng tc qun l rc thi sinh hot
Thi ca nh qun l
Thi ca cng nhn thu gom
Thi ca gia nh
4.5. D bo lng rc thi pht sinh n nm 20204.6. Nhng hn ch trong cng tc qun l rc thi sinh hot trn
a bn Huyn Kim Sn Tnh Ninh Bnh.
4.7. xut mt s bin php qun l, x l rc thi sinh hot trn
a bn Huyn Kim Sn
4.7.1. xut mt s bin php qun l
Trong giai on hin nay, thc hin nhim v qun l mi trng nichung v qun l rc thi sinh hot ni ring, ta c th p dng nhiu cng c
khc nhau nh: cng c php lut, cng c kinh t, gio dc cng ngnhm
nng cao thc, trch nhim ca ngi dn trong cng tc bo v mi trng .
4.7.2. xut mt s bin php x l
+ i vi rc thi hu c nh: thc phm tha, l cy, ph thi nng
nghip
S dng bin php lm phn
C th sn xut kh sinh hc ti h gia nh
Xy dng nh my x l rc lm phn vi sinh chung cho c huyn
+ i vi rc thi khng ti ch c nh: gch ngi, t , thy
tinhbin php x l thch hp l chn lp.
7
8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
11/12
Phn V
K HOCH THC HIN
TT Ni dung thc hinThi gian thc hin
Thng1 Thng 2 Thng 3 Thng 4
1 Xy dng cngX X
2Thu thp ti liu lin quan v vit
tng quanX X
3 iu tra, xy dng bng hi X X
4 X l s liu v vit bo co X X
5 Hon thnh bo co X
8
8/3/2019 De Cuong de Tai Dieu Tra Hien Trang Rac Thai Sinh Hoat Va de Xuat Cac Bien Phap Quan Ly, Xu Ly Rac Thai Sinh H
12/12
Kim Sn, ngy 30 thng 01 nm 2012
Ngi thc hin
on Th Hng
Gio vin hng dn
Ts. Ng Th n
Nguyn Th Hng Ngc
XC NHN CA C S THC TP
TM. UBND TH TRN BNH MINH
9