BI GII

THI TUYN SINH PTTH QUC GIA NM 2015

MN THI: VT L

Cu 1. Mt con lc l xo c khi lng vt nh l m dao ng iu ha theo phng ngang vi phng trnh Mc tnh th nng v tr cn bng. C nng ca con lc l

A. mA2.B. .C. .D. .Cu 2. Mt vt nh dao ng theo phng trnh . Pha ban u ca dao ng l

A. .B. 0,5.C. 0,25.D. 1,5.

Cu 3. Mt mch dao ng in t l tng gm cun cm thun c t cm L v t in c in dung C. Chu k dao ng ring ca mch l

A. .B. .C. .D. .Cu 4. Mt cht im dao ng theo phng trnh . Dao ng ca cht im c bin l

A. 2cm.B. 6cm.C. 3 cm.D. 12 cm.

Cu 5. Mt con lc l xo gm mt vt nh khi lng m v l xo c cng k. Con lc dao ng iu ha vi tn s gc l

A. .B. .C. .D. .

Cu 6. Vit Nam, mng in dn dng mt pha c in p hiu dng l

A. V.B. 100 V.C. 220V.D. V.

Cu 7. Quang in tr c nguyn tc hot ng da trn hin tng

A. quang pht quang.

B. quang in ngoi.

C. quang in trong.

D. nhit in.

Cu 8. Mt sng c c tn s f, truyn trn dy n hi vi tc truyn sng v v bc sng . H thc ng l

A.

B.

C.

D.

Cu 9: Mt sng dc truyn trong mt mi trng th phng dao ng ca cc phn t mi trng

A. l phng ngang.

B. l phng thng ng.

C. trng vi phng truyn sng.D. vung gc vi phng truyn sng.

Cu 10. Sng in t

A. l sng dc v truyn c trong chn khng.

B. l sng ngang v truyn c trong chn khng.

C. l sng dc v khng truyn c trong chn khng.

D. l sng ngang v khng truyn c trong chn khng.

Cu 11. Mt sng c truyn dc theo trc Ox c phng trnh , vi t tnh bng s. Tn s ca sng ny bng

A. 15Hz.B. 10Hz.C. 5Hz.D. 20Hz.

Hng dn gii

Cu 12: Theo thuyt lng t nh sng, pht biu no sau y ng?

A. Phtn ng vi nh sng n sc c nng lng cng ln nu nh c tn s cng ln.

B. Nng lng ca phtn gim dn khi phtn ra xa dn ngun sng.

C. Phtn tn ti trong c trng thi ng yn v trng thi chuyn ng.

D. Nng lng ca mi loi phtn u bng nhau.

Cu 13: Ht nhn cng bn vng khi c

A. nng lng lin kt ring cng ln.B. s prtn cng ln.

C. s nucln cng ln.

D. nng lng lin kt cng ln.

Cu 14. Cng dng in c pha ti thi im t l

A. 50t.B. 100t.C. 0.D. 70t.

Cu 15. Hai dao ng c phng trnh ln lt l: x1 = v . lch pha ca hai dao ng ny c ln bng

A. 0,25.B. 1,25.C. 0,50.D. 0,75.

Hng dn gii:

Cu 16. Cng thot ca lectron khi mt kim loi l 6,625.10-19J. Bit h = 6,625.10-34J.s, c = 3.108m/s. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi ny l

A. 300nm.B. 350nm.C. 360nm.D. 260nm.

Hng dn gii:

Cu 17. Khi ni v tia hng ngoi v tia t ngoi, pht biu no sau y ng?

A. Bc sng ca tia hng ngoi ln hn bc sng ca tia t ngoi.

B. Tia hng ngoi v tia t ngoi u gy ra hin tng quang in i vi mi kim loi.

C. Mt vt b nung nng pht ra tia t ngoi, khi vt khng pht ra tia hng ngoi.

D. Tia hng ngoi v tia t ngoi u lm ion ha mnh cc cht kh.

Cu 18. Khi ni v quang ph vch pht x, pht biu no sau y ng?

A. Quang ph vch pht x ca mt nguyn t l mt h thng nhng vch ti nm trn nn mu ca quang ph lin tc.

B. Quang ph vch pht x ca mt nguyn t l mt h thng nhng vch sng ring l, ngn cch nhau bi nhng khong ti.

C. Quang ph vch pht x do cht rn hoc cht lng pht ra khi b nung nng.

D. Trong quang ph vch pht x ca hir, vng nh sng nhn thy c bn vch c trng l vch , vch cam, vch chm v vch tm.

Cu 19. t in p u = (vi U0 khng i, thay i) vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm in tr R, cun cm thun c t cm L v t in c in dung C. Khi = 0 th trong mch c cng hng in. Tn s gc 0 l

A. .B. .C. .D. .

Cu 20. Trng Sa, c th xem cc chng trnh truyn hnh pht sng qua v tinh, ngi ta dng anten thu sng trc tip t v tinh, qua b x l tn hiu ri a n mn hnh. Sng in t m anten thu trc tip t v tinh thuc loi

A. sng trung.B. sng ngn.C. sng di.D. sng cc ngn.

Cu 21. Mt vt nh khi lng 100g dao ng theo phng trnh x = 8cos(10t) (x tnh bng cm, t tnh bng s). ng nng cc i ca vt bng

A. 32mJ.B. 64mJ.C. 16mJ.D. 128mJ.

Hng dn gii:

Cu 22. Cho 4 tia phng x: tia , tia , tia v tia i vo mt min c in trng u theo phng vung gc vi ng sc in. Tia phng x khng b lch khi phng truyn ban u l

A. tia .B. tia .C. tia .D. tia .

Cu 23. Ht nhn v ht nhn c cng

A. in tch.B. s nucln.C. s prtn .D. s ntron.

Cu 24. t in p (t tnh bng s) vo hai u mt t in c in dung . Dung khng ca t in l

A. 150.B. 200.C. 50.D. 100.

Hng dn gii:

Cu 25. t in p vo hai u mt in tr thun 100. Cng sut tiu th ca in tr bng

A. 800 W.B. 200 W.C. 300 W.D. 400W.

Hng dn gii:

Cu 26. Chiu mt chm sng n sc hp ti mt bn ca mt lng knh thy tinh t trong khng kh. Khi i qua lng knh, chm sng ny

A. khng b lch khi phng truyn ban u.B. b i mu.

C. b thay i tn s.

D. khng b tn sc.Cu 27. Cho khi lng ca ht nhn l 106,8783u; ca ntron l 1,0087u; ca prtn l 1,0073u. ht khi ca ht nhn l

A. 0,9868u.B. 0,6986u.C. 0,6868u.D. 0,9686u.

Hng dn gii:

Cu 28 . t mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng 200V vo hai u on mch gm cun cm thun mc ni tip vi in tr thun. Bit in p hiu dng hai u in tr l 100V. H s cng sut ca on mch bng

A. 0,8B. 0,7C. 1D. 0,5

Hng dn gii:

Cu 29. S pht sng no sau y l hin tng quang - pht quang?

A. S pht sng ca con om mB. S pht sng ca n dy tc.

C. S pht sng ca n ng thng dngD. S pht sng ca n LED.

Cu 30. Khi ni v tia X, pht biu no sau y l ng?

A. Tia X c kh nng m xuyn km hn tia hng ngoi

B. Tia X c tn s nh hn tn s ca tia hng ngoi.

C. Tia X c bc sng ln hn bc sng ca nh sng nhn thy.

D. Tia X c tc dng sinh l : n hy dit t bo

Cu 31. th li theo thi gian ca cht im 1(ng 1) v cht im 2 (ng 2) nh hnh v, tc cc i ca cht im 2 l 4cm/s . Khng k thi im t = 0, thi im hai cht im c cng li ln th 5 l

A. 4,0sB. 3,25s

C. 3,75sD. 3,5sHng dn gii:

T hnh v ta nhn thy:

Mt khc:

T hnh v ln th 5 (khng k thi im t = 0): chn p n D

Cu 32. Mt m nguyn t hir ang trng thi c bn. Khi chiu bc x c tn s f1 vo m nguyn t ny th chng pht ra ti a 3 bc x. Khi chiu bc x c tn s f2 vo m nguyn t ny th chng pht ra ti a 10 bc x. Bit nng lng ng vi cc trng thi dng ca nguyn t hir c tnh theo biu thc (E0 l hng s dng, n = 1,2,3,...). T s l

A.

B.

C.

D.

Hng dn gii:

Khi chiu f1:

Khi chiu f2:

Do :

Cu 33. Hai mch dao ng in t l tng ang c dao ng in t t do vi cng cng dng in cc i I0 . Chu k dao ng ring ca mch th nht l T1, ca mch th hai l T2 = 2T1. Khi cng dng in trong hai mch c cng ln v nh hn I0 th ln in tch trn mt bn t in ca mch dao ng th nht l q1 v ca mch dao ng th hai l q2. T s l

A. 2.B. 1,5.C. 0,5.D. 2,5.Hng dn gii:

Ta c:

Mt khc:

Theo ta c:

T (1) v (2):

Cu 34. Ti ni c g = 9,8m/s2, mt con lc n c chiu di dy treo 1m, ang dao ng iu ha vi bin gc 0,1rad. v tr c li gc 0,05 rad, vt nh ca con lc c tc l

A. 2,7cm/sB. 27,1cm/sC. 1,6cm/sD. 15,7cm/s.Hng dn gii:

Cu 35. Mt si dy n hi ang c sng dng. Trn dy, nhng im dao ng vi cng bin A1 c v tr cn bng lin tip cch u nhau mt on d1 v nhng im dao ng vi cng bin A2 c v tr cn bng lin tip cch u nhau mt on d2. Bit A1 > A2 > 0. Biu thc no sau y ng?

A.

B.

C.

D. .Hng dn gii:

V A1 > A2 nn nhng im c bin A1 phi l bng sng do :

Nhng im c bin A2 ch c th l M1; M2; M3 v M4 do :

T (1) v (2):

Cu 36. Ti v tr O trong mt nh my, mt ci bo chy (xem l ngun im) pht m vi cng sut khng i. T bn ngoi, mt thit b xc nh mc cng m chuyn ng thng t M hng n O theo hai giai on vi vn tc ban u bng khng v gia tc c ln 0,4m/s2 cho n khi dng li ti N (cng nh my). Bit NO = 10m v mc cng m (do ci pht ra) ti N ln hn mc cng m ti M l 20dB. Cho rng mi trng truyn m ng hng v khng hp th m. Thi gian thit b chuyn ng t M n N c gi tr gn gi tr no nht sau y?

A. 27sB. 32sC. 47sD. 25s

Hng dn gii:

Ta c:

V thit b chuyn ng theo hai giai on vi vn tc ban u bng 0 v c ln gia tc bng nhau nn

Cu 37. Trong mt th nghim Young v giao thoa nh sng, khong cch gia hai khe l 0,5mm, khong cch t mt phng cha hai khe n mn quan st l 2m. Ngun sng pht nh sng trng c bc sng trong khong t 380nm n 760nm. M l mt im trn mn, cch vn sng trung tm 2cm. Trong cc bc sng ca cc bc x cho vn sng ti M, bc sng di nht l

A. 417nm.B. 570nm.C. 714nm.D. 760nm.Hng dn gii:

Ta c:

Mt khc:

Do :

Cu 38. Ti mt nc, hai ngun kt hp c t A v B cch nhau 68mm, dao ng iu ha cng tn s, cng pha, theo phng vung gc vi mt nc. Trn on AB, hai phn t nc dao ng vi bin cc i c v tr cn bng cch nhau mt on ngn nht l 10mm. im C l v tr cn bng ca phn t mt nc sao cho . Phn t nc C dao ng vi bin cc i. Khong cch BC ln nht bng

A. 37,6mm.B. 67,6mm.C. 64,0mm.D. 68,5 mm.Hng dn gii:

Ta c:

S cc i trn AB:

Ta c:

Gii h:

Cu 39. Mt l xo ng cht, tit din u c ct thnh ba l xo c chiu di t nhin l , v . Ln lt gn mi l xo ny (theo th t trn) vi vt nh khi lng m th c ba con lc c chu k dao ng ring tng ng l : 2s; v T. Bit cng ca cc l xo t l nghch vi chiu di t nhin ca n. Gi tr ca T l

A. 1,00 sB. 1,28sC. 1,41sD. 1,50s

Hng dn gii:

Gi l chiu di t nhin v cng ca l xo khi cha ct ta c

Cu 40. Trong mt th nghim Young v giao thoa nh sng, ngun sng pht ng thi hai nh sng n sc; nh sng c bc sng 686nm, nh sng lam c bc sng , vi 450nm < < 510nm. Trn mn, trong khong hai vn sng gn nhau nht v cng mu vi vn sng trung tm c 6 vn nh sng lam. Trong khong ny bao nhiu vn sng ?

A. 4.B. 7.C. 5.D. 6.Hng dn gii:

V tr hai vn trng:

V trong khong gia hai vn trng gn nhau nht c 6 vn lam

Vy c 4 vn sng mu

Cu 41. ng v phng x phn r , bin i thnh ng v bn vi chu k bn r l 138 ngy. Ban u c mt mu tinh khit. n thi im t, tng s ht v s ht nhn (c to ra) gp 14 ln s ht nhn cn li. Gi tr ca t bng

A. 552 ngyB. 414 ngyC. 828 ngyD. 276 ngy

Hng dn gii:

S ht nhn v s ht nhn Pb to thnh lun bng nhau:

S ht nhn Po cn li:

Ta c: ngy

Cu 42. Ln lt t in p (U khng i, thay i c) vo hai u ca on mch X v vo hai u ca on mch Y; vi X v Y l cc on mch c R, L, C mc ni tip. Trn hnh v, PX v PY ln lt biu din quan h cng sut tiu th ca X vi v ca Y vi . Sau , t in p u ln hai u on mch AB gm X v Y mc ni tip. Bit cm khng ca hai cun cm thun mc ni tip (c cm khng ZL1 v ZL2) l ZL = ZL1 + ZL2 v dung khng ca hai t in mc ni tip (c dung khng ZC1v ZC2) l ZC = ZC1 + ZC2. Khi , cng sut tiu th ca on mch AB c gi tr gn gi tr no nht sau y?

A. 14WB. 10WC. 22WD. 18W

Hng dn gii:

V thay i P = Pmax th hin tng cng hng xy ra ( = 0). Khi < 0 th mch c tch dung khng; khi > 0 th mch c tch cm khng.

Vi on mch X:

Khi

Vi on mch Y:

Khi

Mt khc:

Khi X v Y mc ni tip:

Cu 43. t in p (U0 khng i, f thay i c) vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm cun cm thun c t cm L, in tr thun R v t in c in dung C. Khi f = f1 = Hz hoc f = f2= 100 Hz th in p hiu dng hai u t in c cng gi tr U0. Khi f = f0 th in p hiu dng hai u in tr t cc i. Gi tr ca f0 gn gi tr no nht sau y?

A. 70HzB. 80HzC. 67HzD. 90Hz

Hng dn gii:

Khi f = f1:

EMBED Equation.DSMT4

Khi f = f2:

EMBED Equation.DSMT4

T (1) v (2):

EMBED Equation.DSMT4

Khi f = f0 th URmax nn:

Cu 44. Trn mt si dy OB cng ngang, hai u c nh ang c sng dng vi tn s f xc nh. Gi M, N v P l ba im trn dy c v tr cn bng cch B ln lt l 4 cm, 6 cm v 38 cm. Hnh v m t hnh dng si dy ti thi im t1 (ng 1) v (ng 2). Ti thi im t1, li ca phn t dy N bng bin ca phn t dy M v tc ca phn t dy M l 60 cm/s. Ti thi im t2, vn tc ca phn t dy P l

A.

B.

C.

D.

Hng dn gii:

T th suy ra, bc sng trn dy = 24cm.

B l nt sng v N l bng sng, c bin l A.

Bin sng ti M l

Lc li N bng bin M th tc dao ng ca N bng 0,5A = 60cm/s A = 120cm/s.

P dao ng ngc pha vi M v c bin l 0,5A. Do , mt thi im t bt k vn tc dao ng vP ca im P v vN ca im N lin h vi nhau:

Gc qut:

Cu 45. t mt in p xoay chiu c tn s 50Hz v gi tr hiu dng 20V vo hai u cun s cp ca mt my bin p l tng c tng s vng dy ca cun s cp v cun th cp l 2200 vng. Ni hai u cun th cp vi on mch AB (hnh v); trong , in tr R c gi tr khng i, cun cm thun c t cm 0,2 H v t in c in dung C thay i c. iu chnh in dung C n gi tr th vn k (l tng) ch gi tr cc i bng 103,9V (ly l V). S vng dy ca cun s cp l

A. 400 vngB. 1650 vngC. 550 vng

D. 1800 vng

Hng dn gii

S ch vn k l in p hiu dng gia hai u on mch RC:

T (1):

p dng cng thc my bin p:

Cu 46. Ln lt t cc in p xoay chiu u1, u2 v u3 c cng gi tr hiu dng nhng tn s khc nhau vo hai u mt on mch c R, L, C ni tip th cng dng in trong mch tng ng l : , v . Pht biu no sau y ng?

A. i2 sm pha so vi u2

B. i3 sm pha so vi u3

C. i1 tr pha so vi u1

D. i1 cng pha vi i2

Hng dn gii V U1 = U2 = U3 v I1 = I2 nn tn s cng hng ca mch l .

Vy, i1 v i3 nhanh pha hn u; i2 chm pha hn u.

Cu 47. Mt hc sinh xc nh in dung ca t in bng cch t in p (U0 khng i, = 314rad/s) vo hai u mt on mch gm t in c in dung C mc ni tip vi bin tr R. Bit ; trong , in p U gia hai u R c o bng ng h o in a nng hin s. Da vo kt qu thc nghim o c trn hnh v, hc sinh ny tnh c gi tr ca C l

A. 1,95.10-3F.B. 5,20.10-6F.

C. 5,20.10-3FD. 1,95.10-6F.Hng dn gii:

Ta c:

Vy l hm bc nht vi bin s

T th

Cu 48. Mt l xo nh c cng 20N/m, u trn c treo vo mt im c nh, u di gn vo vt nh A c khi lng 100g; vt A c ni vi vt nh B c khi lng 100g bng mt si dy mm, mnh, nh, khng dn v di. T v tr cn bng ca h, ko vt B thng ng xung di mt on 20cm ri th nh vt B i ln vi vn tc ban u bng khng. Khi vt B bt u i chiu chuyn ng th bt ng b tut tay khi dy ni. B qua cc lc cn, ly g = 10m/s2. Khong thi gian t khi vt B b tut khi dy ni n khi ri n v tr c th ban u l

A. 0,30sB. 0,68sC. 0,26s

D. 0,28s

Hng dn gii:

Sau khi ko vt B xun di 20 cm v th nh th h dao ng vi bin 20cm.

Vt B i ln c h1 = 30 cm th khng chu tc dng ca lc n hi ca l xo na. Khi vn tc ca Bv = vmax = (A =

EMBED Equation.DSMT4 A = m/s.

Vt B i ln thm c cao h2 = = m = 15cm.

Vt B i chiu chuyn ng khi khi ln ck cao h = h1 + h2 = 45cm = 0,45m

Khong thi gian t khi v B tut khi dy ni n khi ri n v tr th ban u l

t = = = 0,30 s. Cu 49. Bn ht proton c ng nng 5,5 MeV vo ht nhn ang ng yn, gy ra phn ng ht nhn . Gi s phn ng khng km theo bc x , hai ht c cng ng nng v bay theo hai hng to vi nhau gc 1600. Coi khi lng ca mi ht tnh theo n v u gn ng bng s khi ca n. Nng lng m phn ng ta ra l

A. 14,6MeV.B. 10,2MeV.C. 17,3MeV.

D. 20,4MeV.Hng dn gii:

p dng nh lut bo ton ng lng

p dng nh lut bo ton nng lng:

Cu 50. t in p vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm cun cm thun c t cm L, in tr R v t in c in dung C thay i c. Khi hoc th cng sut ca on mch c cng gi tr. Khi hoc C = 0,5C2 th in p hiu dng gia hai u t in c cng gi tr. Khi ni mt ampe k xoay chiu (l tng) vi hai u t in th s ch ca ampe k l

A. 2,8A.B. 1,4A.C. 2,0A.

D. 1,0A.Hng dn gii:

Lc u: th P1 = P2

Lc sau: th UC1 = UC2

Khi ni tt hai u t:

-------HT ------Bng

Bng

M1

M3

M2

M4

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