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to Energy Technologies. Global Journal of Enviromental Research 3

http://kth.academia.edu/AtiqUzZaman/Papers/121546/Life_Cycle_Enviro

nmental_Assessment_of_Municipal_Solid_Waste_to_Energy_Technologi

es

Diakses tanggal 5 Juli 2011

Zaman, A. U., 2010. Comparative Study of Municipal Solid Waste Treatment

Technologies Using Life Cycle Assessment Method. Int. J. Environ. Sci.

Tech., 7 (2), 225-234

http://kth.academia.edu/AtiqUzZaman/Papers/121546/Life_Cycle_Environmental_Assessment_of_Municipal_Solid_Waste_to_Energy_Technologies



13

LAMPIRAN

14

Lampiran 1. Kuesioner Penelitian

KUESIONER

Kajian Pemulung di TPA Basirih

Nama pewawancara: Nomor:

Tanggal:

1. DATA PRIBADI

Nama : 1.1 ___________________________

Jenis kelamin : 1.2 Laki-laki Perempuan

Umur : 1.3 ___________________________

Status : 1.4 Menikah Belum menikah Janda/duda

Jumlah anggota keluarga di rumah : 1.5 _______________________

Pendidikan : 1.6 ___________________________

Asal daerah : 1.7 ___________________________

Jam kerja : 1.8 ___________________________

2. DESKRIPSI KEGIATAN PEKERJAAN

Sejak kapan memulung di TPA? 1.9

Kenapa memulung di TPA Basirih?Kenapa tidak di tempat lain? 1.10

Peralatan apa saja yang digunakan saat memungut sampah?

Alat pelindung diri apa yang digunakan saat memulung?

Apakah sering mengalami sakit ringan seperti batuk, flu, pusing, demam? ( YA / TIDAK)

15

3. PEKERJAAN/PENDAPATAN

Apa pekerjaan utama anda? 2.1 Memungut sampah Yang lain

_____________________

Berapa pendapatan anda dari hasil memulung sampah (per minggu/per hari)? 2.3

Minggu ini/hari ini: ____________________Saat pendapatan baik: _________________

Minggu lalu/kemarin: ___________________Saat pendapatan rendah: _____________

Jenis/harga/berat dari sampah yang dikumpulkan: Tabel 2.5

Jenis sampah Harga Berat (dalam

gr/kg)

Kepada siapa

menjual

Plastik

Logam

Kertas

Kaca

Yang lain

Berapa jam dalam sehari anda bekerja? 2.6

Dari pukul ___________ sampai ___________

16

2. HUBUNGAN DENGAN LAPAK/PENGEPUL

Kepada siapa anda menjual sampah? 2.7

Nama dan alamat Sampah apa yang dijual? Seberapa sering?

Kenapa anda menjual kepada lapak tersebut? pernahkah anda mengganti lapak langganan

anda? 2.8

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Apakah setiap orang diperbolehkan untuk mengambil sampah di TPA ini? 2.9

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

3. TAMBAHAN

Kesulitan apa saja yang ditemui saat memulung di TPA? 3.2

_________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Bagaimana hubungan anda dengan pengelola TPA? 3.3

17

Lampiran 2. Hasil Dokumentasi Penelitian

Gambar 1. Kantor UPT TPA Basirih

Gambar 2. Aktivitas truk pengangkut TPA Basirih

18

Gambar 3. Zona aktif sampah

19

Gambar 4. Kondisi zona sampah yang sudah diurug dengan tanah

20

Gambar 5. Air lindi di TPA Basirih

21

Gambar 6. Proses penimbangan dan pemilahan untuk pengukuran komposisi sampah

22

Gambar 7. Jenis sampah kertas pada proses pengambilan sampel komposisi sampah

Gambar 8. Jenis sampah plastik HDPE pada proses pengambilan sampel komposisi

sampah

23

Gambar 9. Jenis sampah plastik PET pada proses pengambilan sampel komposisi sampah

Gambar 10. Jenis sampah organik dedaunan/sampah halaman (a) dan sampah sisa makanan

(b) pada proses pengambilan sampel komposisi sampah

a b

24

Gambar 11. Aktivitas pemulung di TPA Basirih

25

Gambar 12. Bangunan sederhana yang didirikan pemulung untuk berteduh

Gambar 13. Jenis kaleng dan kantong plastik yang dikumpulkan pemulung

26

Lampiran 3.

PERHITUNGAN RECOVERY RATE

Jumlah sampah per hari yang masuk ke TPA = 394.907 kg

Jumlah pemulung di TPA (berdasar data dinas kebersihan tahun 2014) = 170 orang

Rata-rata jumlah sampah yang diambil pemulung/hari :

Plastik (putihan dan kresek) = (32,2 kg + 27,7 kg) x 170 orang = 10.183 kg/hari

PET + HDPE = 16,1 kg x 170 orang = 2737 kg

Logam campuran = 3 kg x 170 orang = 510 kg

Karet = 20 kg x 28 orang (diasumsikan hanya 16 % pemulung yang mengambil karet) =

560 kg

Jenis material

Jumlah sampah yang

dapat dikurangi oleh

pemulung per hari

Jumlah sampah yang ada di

TPA berdasar persentase

komposisi

Recovery

rate

Plastik 10.183 kg 35699,6 kg 28,5%

PET dan HDPE 2737 kg 4462,45 kg 61,33%

Logam 510 kg 3633,1 kg 0,14%

Karet (sendal,

sepatu, jenis karet

lain)

560 kg 28.433,3 kg 2%

27

Lampiran 4.

PERHITUNGAN PERSENTASE REDUKSI


Jumlah sampah anorganik yang masuk ke TPA = 40% x 394.907 kg = 157.962 kg







560 kg

PERHITUNGAN PERSENTASE REDUKSI

Jenis material

Jumlah sampah yang


pemulung per hari

Persentase reduksi

dibanding dengan

total sampah yang

masuk

Persentase reduksi

dibanding dengan

total sampah

anorganik yang

masuk

Plastik 10.183 kg 2,53% 6,45%

PET dan HDPE 2737 kg 0,69% 1,73%

Logam 510 kg 0,13% 0,32%

Karet (sendal,

sepatu, jenis karet

lain)

560 kg 0,14% 0,35%

28

Lampiran 5.

PERHITUNGAN POTENSI EKONOMI








560 kg

Jenis material

Jumlah sampah yang


pemulung per hari

Nilai ekonomi sampah per

hari

Plastik putihan 5.474 kg Rp. 2.189.600

Plastik kresek 4.709 kg Rp. 1.412.700

PET dan HDPE 2737 kg Rp. 2.737.000

Logam 510 kg Rp. 1.020.000

Karet (sendal,

sepatu, jenis karet

lain)

560 kg Rp. 280.000

Total Rp. 7.639.300

29

Lampiran 6. Hasil analisis korelasi dan regresi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan pemulung

Tabel hasil korelasi

Correlations

Pendapatan

perhari

Jenis

kelamin

responden

Umur

responden

Tingkat

pendidikan

responden

Jam

kerja

Hari

kerja

Pengalaman

memulung

Penggunaan

alat

Frekuensi

sakit

Prioritas

pekerjaan

Jenis

sampah

yang paling

banyak

didapat

Pearson

Correlation

Pendapatan

perhari

1,000 -,860 -,423 ,235 ,575 ,018 ,086 ,374 -,273 -,145 ,284

Jenis kelamin

responden

-,860 1,000 ,472 -,351 -,401 ,019 -,042 -,416 ,266 ,203 -,091

Umur

responden

-,423 ,472 1,000 -,389 ,063 ,055 -,081 -,232 ,167 ,006 -,210

Tingkat

pendidikan

responden

,235 -,351 -,389 1,000 -,079 -,015 ,051 -,020 -,296 -,045 -,042

Jam kerja ,575 -,401 ,063 -,079 1,000 ,067 -,011 ,165 ,044 -,151 ,212

Hari kerja ,018 ,019 ,055 -,015 ,067 1,000 -,085 -,101 ,089 -,383 -,070

Pengalaman

memulung

,086 -,042 -,081 ,051 -,011 -,085 1,000 ,093 ,111 ,430 -,067

30

Penggunaan

alat

,374 -,416 -,232 -,020 ,165 -,101 ,093 1,000 -,084 ,142 ,102

Frekuensi sakit -,273 ,266 ,167 -,296 ,044 ,089 ,111 -,084 1,000 ,101 -,163

Prioritas

pekerjaan

-,145 ,203 ,006 -,045 -,151 -,383 ,430 ,142 ,101 1,000 ,189

Jenis sampah

yang paling

banyak didapat

,284 -,091 -,210 -,042 ,212 -,070 -,067 ,102 -,163 ,189 1,000

Sig. (1-

tailed)

Pendapatan

perhari

. ,000 ,000 ,031 ,000 ,443 ,250 ,001 ,014 ,127 ,011

Jenis kelamin

responden

,000 . ,000 ,002 ,001 ,441 ,370 ,000 ,017 ,054 ,236

Umur

responden

,000 ,000 . ,001 ,309 ,334 ,263 ,033 ,094 ,483 ,048

Tingkat

pendidikan

responden

,031 ,002 ,001 . ,267 ,454 ,343 ,438 ,009 ,362 ,372

Jam kerja ,000 ,001 ,309 ,267 . ,298 ,466 ,096 ,366 ,117 ,046

Hari kerja ,443 ,441 ,334 ,454 ,298 . ,253 ,214 ,243 ,001 ,291

Pengalaman

memulung

,250 ,370 ,263 ,343 ,466 ,253 . ,233 ,191 ,000 ,298

Penggunaan

alat

,001 ,000 ,033 ,438 ,096 ,214 ,233 . ,255 ,132 ,212

Frekuensi sakit ,014 ,017 ,094 ,009 ,366 ,243 ,191 ,255 . ,213 ,099

31

Prioritas

pekerjaan

,127 ,054 ,483 ,362 ,117 ,001 ,000 ,132 ,213 . ,067

Jenis sampah

yang paling

banyak didapat

,011 ,236 ,048 ,372 ,046 ,291 ,298 ,212 ,099 ,067 .

N Pendapatan

perhari

64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64

Jenis kelamin

responden

64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64

Umur

responden

64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64

Tingkat

pendidikan

responden

64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64

Jam kerja 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64

Hari kerja 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64

Pengalaman

memulung

64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64

Penggunaan

alat

64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64

Frekuensi sakit 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64

Prioritas

pekerjaan

64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64

32

Jenis sampah

yang paling

banyak didapat

64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64

Hasil analisis regresi

Model Summaryb

Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate

dimension0

1 ,919a ,845 ,816 ,477

a. Predictors: (Constant), Jenis sampah yang paling banyak didapat, Tingkat pendidikan responden, Hari kerja, Pengalaman memulung, Penggunaan alat, Jam kerja,

Frekuensi sakit, Umur responden, Prioritas pekerjaan, Jenis kelamin responden

b. Dependent Variable: Pendapatan perhari

ANOVAb

Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

1 Regression 65,694 10 6,569 28,919 ,000a

Residual 12,040 53 ,227

Total 77,734 63

a. Predictors: (Constant), Jenis sampah yang paling banyak didapat, Tingkat pendidikan responden, Hari kerja, Pengalaman memulung, Penggunaan alat,

Jam kerja, Frekuensi sakit, Umur responden, Prioritas pekerjaan, Jenis kelamin responden

b. Dependent Variable: Pendapatan perhari

33

Koefisien Regresi

Coefficientsa

Model

Unstandardized Coefficients

Standardized

Coefficients

t Sig. B Std. Error Beta

1 (Constant) 4,667 ,764 6,111 ,000

Jenis kelamin responden -1,562 ,189 -,686 -8,245 ,000

Umur responden -,088 ,072 -,085 -1,217 ,229

Tingkat pendidikan

responden

-,103 ,159 -,042 -,648 ,520

Jam kerja ,193 ,047 ,275 4,105 ,000

Hari kerja ,042 ,062 ,041 ,683 ,498

Pengalaman memulung ,151 ,121 ,078 1,249 ,217

Penggunaan alat -,003 ,101 -,002 -,031 ,975

Frekuensi sakit -,213 ,142 -,091 -1,502 ,139

Prioritas pekerjaan ,000 ,161 ,000 ,003 ,998

Jenis sampah yang paling

banyak didapat

,104 ,047 ,137 2,212 ,031

a. Dependent Variable: Pendapatan perhari

34

Lampiran 7. Skenario Pengelolaan Sampah dengan Waste Reduction Model EPA

Skenario 1 (skenario dasar)

GHG Emissions from Baseline Waste Management (MTCO2E): 2.733

Commodity Tons Recycled Tons Landfilled Tons Combusted Tons Composted Total MTCO2E

Copper Wire - 15,0 - NA 1

Glass - 258,0 - NA 10

HDPE - 56,0 - NA 2

PET - 78,0 - NA 3

Corrugated Containers - 134,0 - NA (59)

Magazines/third-class mail - 1,0 - NA (1)

Newspaper - 162,0 - NA (183)

Textbooks - 41,0 - NA 24

Food Scraps NA 357,0 - - 260

Yard Trimmings NA 102,0 - - (10)

Mixed Paper (general) - 153,0 - NA (54)

Mixed Paper (primarily residential) - 104,0 - NA (42)

Mixed Metals - 109,0 - NA 4

Mixed Plastics - 1.071,0 - NA 42

Mixed Recyclables - 24,0 - NA (9)

Mixed Organics NA 6.608,0 - - 2.187

Mixed MSW NA 939,0 - NA 512

Carpet - 12,0 - NA 0

Personal Computers - 274,0 - NA 11

Clay Bricks NA 30,0 NA NA 1

Tires - 853,0 - NA 33

35

Skenario 2

GHG Emissions from Alternative Waste Management Scenario (MTCO2E): 2.293

Commodity Tons Source

Reduced Tons Recycled Tons Landfilled Tons Combusted Tons Composted Total MTCO2E

Copper Wire - - 15,0 - NA 1

Glass - - 258,0 - NA 10

HDPE - 32,0 24,0 - NA (26)

PET - 50,0 28,0 - NA (54)

Corrugated Containers - - 134,0 - NA (59)

Magazines/third-class mail - - 1,0 - NA (1)

Newspaper - - 162,0 - NA (183)

Textbooks - - 41,0 - NA 24

Food Scraps - NA 357,0 - - 260

Yard Trimmings - NA 102,0 - - (10)

Mixed Paper (general) NA - 153,0 - NA (54)

Mixed Paper (primarily residential) NA - 104,0 - NA (42)

Mixed Metals NA 10,0 99,0 - NA (36)

Mixed Plastics NA 300,0 771,0 - NA (265)

Mixed Recyclables NA - 24,0 - NA (9)

Mixed Organics NA NA 6.608,0 - - 2.187

Mixed MSW NA NA 939,0 - NA 512

Carpet - - 12,0 - NA 0

Personal Computers - - 274,0 - NA 11

Clay Bricks - NA 30,0 NA NA 1

Tires - 16,6 836,4 - NA 26

36

Total GHG Emissions from Baseline MSW Generation and Management (MTCO2E): 2.733

Total GHG Emissions from Alternative MSW Generation and Management (MTCO2E): 2.293

Incremental GHG Emissions (MTCO2E): (432)

This is equivalent to…

Removing annual emissions from 85 Passenger Vehicles

Conserving 48.463 Gallons of Gasoline

Conserving 18.012

Cylinders of Propane Used for Home Barbeques

Conserving 2 Railway Cars of Coal

0,00003% Annual CO2 emissions from the U.S. transportation sector

0,00002% Annual CO2 emissions from the U.S. electricity sector

37

Skenario 3

GHG Emissions from Alternative Waste Management Scenario (MTCO2E): 61


Reduced Tons

Recycled Tons Landfilled Tons Combusted Tons

Composted Total MTCO2E

Change (Alt - Base)

MTCO2E

Copper Wire - 15,0 - - NA (73) (74)

Glass - 258,0 - - NA (72) (82)

HDPE - 56,0 - - NA (48) (50)

PET - 78,0 - - NA (86) (89)

Corrugated Containers - - 134,0 - NA (6) 0

Magazines/third-class mail - - 1,0 - NA (0) 0

Newspaper - - 162,0 - NA (164) 0

Textbooks - - 41,0 - NA 48 0

Food Scraps - NA 357,0 - - 247 0

Yard Trimmings - NA 102,0 - - (16) 0

Mixed Paper (general) NA - 153,0 - NA (10) 0

Mixed Paper (primarily residential) NA - 104,0 - NA (15) 0

Mixed Metals NA 109,0 - - NA (433) (437)

Mixed Plastics NA 1.071,0 - - NA (1.051) (1.093)

Mixed Recyclables NA - 24,0 - NA (3) 0

Mixed Organics NA NA 6.608,0 - - 1.825 0

Mixed MSW NA NA 939,0 - NA 924 0

Carpet - 12,0 - - NA (28) (29)

Personal Computers - 274,0 - - NA (643) (654)

Clay Bricks - NA 30,0 NA NA 1 0

Tires - 853,0 - - NA (333) (366)

38


Total GHG Emissions from Alternative MSW Generation and Management (MTCO2E): 61

Incremental GHG Emissions (MTCO2E): (2.875)


Removing annual emissions from

564 Passenger Vehicles


Conserving 119.773





39

Skenario 4

GHG Emissions from Alternative Waste Management Scenario (MTCO2E): (1.665)


Reduced Tons

Recycled Tons Landfilled Tons Combusted Tons

Composted Total MTCO2E

Change (Alt - Base)

MTCO2E

Copper Wire - 15,0 - - NA (73) (74)

Glass - 258,0 - - NA (72) (82)

HDPE - 56,0 - - NA (48) (50)

PET - 78,0 - - NA (86) (89)

Corrugated Containers - - 134,0 - NA (6) 0

Magazines/third-class mail - - 1,0 - NA (0) 0

Newspaper - - 162,0 - NA (164) 0

Textbooks - - 41,0 - NA 48 0

Food Scraps - NA 178,5 - 178,5 88 (159)

Yard Trimmings - NA 51,0 - 51,0 (18) (2)

Mixed Paper (general) NA - 153,0 - NA (10) 0

Mixed Paper (primarily residential) NA - 104,0 - NA (15) 0

Mixed Metals NA 109,0 - - NA (433) (437)

Mixed Plastics NA 1.071,0 - - NA (1.051) (1.093)

Mixed Recyclables NA - 24,0 - NA (3) 0

Mixed Organics NA NA 3.304,0 - 3.304,0 259 (1.565)

Mixed MSW NA NA 939,0 - NA 924 0

Carpet - 12,0 - - NA (28) (29)

Personal Computers - 274,0 - - NA (643) (654)

Clay Bricks - NA 30,0 NA NA 1 0

Tires - 853,0 - - NA (333) (366)

40


Total GHG Emissions from Alternative MSW Generation and Management (MTCO2E): (1.665)

Incremental GHG Emissions (MTCO2E): (4.601)


Removing annual emissions from

902 Passenger Vehicles


Conserving 191.698





41

Lampiran 8. Peta Citra Satelit TPA Basirih Kota Banjarmasin

42

Lampiran 9. Perbandingan perkiraan jumlah luasan dan masa Layan TPA dengan keberadaan pemulung

Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk dan Jumlah Sampah di Kota Banjarmasin Tahun 2014-2024

Sumber Data Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk: Laporan Antara RISPAM Kota BanjarmasinTahun 2014

No

Kecamatan

Satuan

TahunProyeksi

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

1 Banjarmasin Selatan Jiwa 155.457 157.762 160.068 162.373 164.679 166.984 169.290 171.595 173.901 176.206 178.512

2 Banjarmasin Timur Jiwa 118.449 120.196 121.942 123.689 125.435 127.182 128.929 130.675 132.422 134.169 135.915

3 Banjarmasin Tengah Jiwa 95.764 97.141 98.518 99.896 101.273 102.651 104.028 105.406 106.783 108.161 109.538

4 Banjarmasin Utara Jiwa 145.510 147.794 150.079 152.364 154.648 156.933 159.218 161.502 163.787 166.072 168.356

5 Banjarmasin Barat Jiwa 149.539 151.597 153.654 155.712 157.769 159.827 161.884 163.942 165.999 168.056 170.114

TOTAL Jiwa 664.719 674.490 684.261 694.034 703.804 713.577 723.349 733.120 742.892 752.664 762.435

Proyeksi jumlah sampah

Kg/hari 332.359,5 337.245 342.130,5 347.017 351.902 356.788,5 361.674,5 366.560 371.446 376.332 381.217,5

No

Kecamatan

Satuan

TahunProyeksi

2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034

1 Banjarmasin Selatan Jiwa 180.817 183.123 185.428 187.734 190.039 192.345 194.650 196.956 199.261 201.567

2 Banjarmasin Timur Jiwa 137.662 139.408 141.902 142.902 144.648 146.395 148.141 149.888 151.635 153.381

3 Banjarmasin Tengah Jiwa 110.916 112.293 113.671 115.048 116.426 117.803 119.180 120.558 121.935 123.313

4 Banjarmasin Utara Jiwa 170.641 172.926 175.210 177.495 179.779 182.064 184.349 186.633 188.918 191.203

5 Banjarmasin Barat Jiwa 172.171 174.229 176.286 178.344 180.401 182.459 184.516 186.574 188.631 190.688

TOTAL Jiwa 772.207 781.979 792.497 801.523 811.293 821.066 830.836 840.609 850.380 860.152

Proyeksi jumlah sampah Kg/hari 386.103,5 390.989,5 396.248,5 400.761,5 405.646,5 410.533 415.418 420.304,5 425.190 430.076

43

Perhitungan proyeksi jumlah sampah didapatkan dengan menggunakan data proyeksi jumlah penduduk yang dikalikan dengan nilai timbulan sampah.

Menurut SNI 19-3964-1994, bila data pengamatan lapangan belum tersedia, maka untuk menghitung besaran timbulan sampah dapat digunakan nilai

timbulan sampah sebagai berikut:

• Satuan timbulan sampah kota besar = 2–2,5 Liter/orang/hari, atau 0,4-0,5 kg/orang/hari.

• Satuan timbulan sampah kota sedang/kecil = 1,5–2 Liter/orang/hari, atau 0,3 – 0,4 kg/orang/hari, pada penelitian ini satuan yang digunakan adalah

satuan dalam kg.

Untuk kota yang memiliki jumlah penduduk < 100.000 jiwa tergolong pada kota kecil, sedangkan antara 100.000 sampai 500.000 jiwa tergolong kota

sedang, dan > 500.000 jiwa tergolong kota besar. Kota Banjarmasin tergolong kota besar.

Perhitungan Umur Teknis TPA

Untuk menghitung umur teknis atau luasan TPA yang diperlukan dilakukan dengan penyederhanaan permasalahan atau yang dikenal dengan

permodelan. Untuk itu diperlukan asumsi-asumsi dasar sebagai berikut:

1. Bentuk tumpukan dimodelkan dalam bentuk persegi (Nuryani, 2003).

2. Sampah yang masuk ke TPA diambil oleh pemulung, diasumsikan dengan jumlah tetap yaitu berdasarkan perhitungan jumlah reduksi sampah oleh

pemulung di TPA Basirih (yaitu 414 ton/bulan atau sama dengan 4.968 ton/tahun).

3. Tinggi sampah harian mengalami penyusutan sebesar 0,002 m per hari (Nuryani, 2003).

4. Sampah yang terdapat di landfill dilakukan dengan pemadatan 250 kg/m3. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi banyaknya sampah yang masuk ke

TPA adalah kepadatan sampah. Kepadatan sampah dipengaruhi oleh komposisi sampah. Pada negara industri maju seperti Amerika Serikat, kepadatan

sampah berkisar antara 100 – 150 kg/m3. Di Indonesia, kepadatan sampahnya bervariasi dari 250-500 kg/m3 (Lembaga Penelitian ITB, 1989 dalam

Nuryani et al, 2003. Sedangkan kepadatan sampah di Jakarta adalah 259 kg/m3 (Cointreau, 1982 dalam Nuryani, 2003). Untuk kepadatan sampah kota

Banjarmasin belum ada penelitian yang mengkaji satuan kepadatan sampah. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan satuan kepadatan sampah menurut kisaran

250-500 kg/m3 menurut Lembaga Penelitian ITB (1989) dimana diambil kisaran terendah yaitu 250 kg/m3 dengan pertimbangan nilai yang mendekati

kepadatan sampah di kota Jakarta.

5. Tinggi penimbunan sampah 15 m (Murtudo, 1996).

6. Dengan asumsi bahwa faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi dianggap tetap.

Luas lahan TPA, kebutuhan tanah penutup dan zone penyangga dihitung dengan persamaan yang dirumuskan oleh Murtudo (1996), seperti berikut

:

Luas TPA = T

SCV

Luas Penyangga = 25% x LTPA

Keterangan :

44

LTPA

= Luas areal TPA (m2)

Lpenyangga

= Luas zone penyangga dan fasilitas pendukung TPA (m2)

V = Volume sampah (m3)

SC = Soil cover / lapisan tanah penutup (m3)

= 15 % dari volume sampah

T = Tinggi penimbunan sampah dan lapisan penutup (m)

= Di Indonesia antara 10 – 15 m

Perkiraan jumlah luasan dan masa layan TPA dengan adanya pemulung

Tahun

Proyeksi jumlah penduduk (jiwa)

Proyeksi jumlah sampah (kg/tahun)

Jumlah sampah setelah direduksi pemulung (kg/tahun)

Volume sampah (m3/tahun)

Soil cover (m3/tahun)

Volume sampah +soil cover

Luas lahan yang diperlukan (m2)

Luas lahan yang diperlukan (hektar)

2016 684.261 124877632,5 119909632,5 479638,53 71945,7795 551584,3 36772,287 3,67722873

2017 694.034 126661205 121693205 486772,82 73015,923 559788,7 37319,25 3,731924953

Perkiraan jumlah luasan dan masa layan TPA tanpa adanya pemulung

Tahun

Proyeksi jumlah penduduk (jiwa)

Proyeksi jumlah sampah (kg/tahun)

Volume sampah masuk TPA (m3/tahun) Soil cover (m3/tahun)

Volume sampah+soil cover

Luas lahan TPA (m2)

Luas lahan TPA (ha)

2016 684.261 124877632,5 499510,53 74926,5795 574437,1 38295,81 3,829581

2017 694.034 126661205 506644,82 75996,723 582641,5 38842,77 3,884277

Zona sampah sudah terisi 71,4% (dari total 20 ha)

Sisa zona sampah = 20 ha - 14,28 ha = 5,72 ha

Diperkirakan masa layan TPA dengan adanya pemulung adalah sampai pertengahan

tahun 2017 Selisih luasan akibat adanya pemulung (ha) = 0,152352 ha

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Documents

DAFTAR PUSTAKA - eprints.undip.ac.ideprints.undip.ac.id/66325/8/DAFTAR_PUSTAKA_dan_LAMPIRAN.pdf(h.G28-G32). Asong F.Z. 2010. Recycling and Material Recovery in Cameroon: Implication