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8/19/2019 Current Status of Municipal Solid Waste Generation in Malaysia (2009)
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Current Status of
Municipal Solid
Waste Generation
in Malaysia
EVT732 - Waste Treatment and Technology
Students !ame Students "#
Mohd Nadzely Bin Abd. Karim 2015611544
Halimatunsaadiah Binti Shaiai 20154!"2#2
$atna A%ilah Binti Muhd Basri 201565!11!$ecturers !ame &r. 'aeiza Buyon(
#ate of Su%mission 1"th Mar)h 2016
&ssessment *ournal $e+ie, and&is)ussion
Title -urrent Status o Muni)ial
Solid /aste eneration inMalaysia
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 S)enario
&e+eloment o Kuala umur State erritory
3)onomi) (ro,th and business a)ti+ity
n)reasin( -onsumtion $ate
A))eleration o &aily eneration
n)reasin( o olume $ate o Muni)ial Solid/aste.
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1.2 b7e)ti+e
o a)hie+e 8nited Nation A(enda 21
/aste minimization strate(y and )ontrol
o )olle)t9 ro)ess and transmit (arba(e that
really )an not be re)y)led into the lo)ation or
the last shelter system in a))ordan)e ,ith the
terms o the so)ial9 e)onomi) anden+ironmental +alues.
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1.: ssues
Solid ,aste mana(ement
n)reasin( trai) density roblems ; ae)t the
remo+al and )olle)tion o muni)ial solid
,aste transortation9 ,hi)h ,ill ae)t the
rodu)ti+ity rate rom the sour)e o ,aste tothe la)e o inal disosal.
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1.4 -hallen(es o Handlin( and Mana(ement
o meets the +alues o e)onomi)9 hy(ieni)9
and e)olo(i).
o imro+e erorman)e and rodu)ti+ity o
muni)ial solid ,aste mana(ement< to brin(
e)onomi) beneits or lo)al (o+ernment ,hi)h
,ill the imro+e the %uality o ser+i)e to urbanen+ironmental mana(ement.
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2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.1 &ata -olle)tion
=oulations
eneration rate
-hara)teristi) o muni)ial solid ,aste
Mana(ement system
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• he sur+ey ,as restri)ted only to lo)al
authorities mana(ed by =ri+ate -omanyrounds in ea)h authority area ollo,in( the
)riteria >
sur+ey had to be based on all o Kuala umur
lo)al authorities.
here ha+e to be t,o authorities rom ea)h)ommunity tye ?domesti) and )ommer)ial@
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3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
A. Financial Barrier
• Allo)ation o bud(et in the ran(e o 2050 9 ,hile 8rban
solid ,aste ,hi)h )annot be handled or about :060 o
the total amount o ,aste throu(hout the urban areas.• he total urban oulation that )an be )o+ered by solid
,aste mana(ement ser+i)es by lo)al (o+ernments amounted
to less than 50 er)ent.
• ransort e%uiment and solid ,aste )olle)tor ,ho are not
suitable to be used anymore has rea)hed !0 er)ent ran(e.
• Many industry ra)titioners are relu)tant to aly the ,aste
mana(ement te)hni%ue.
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B. Role o T!e Go"ern#en$
• Sin)e 1##:9 it has been laun)hed 'ecycling (rogram,hi)h in+ol+es 2: lo)al authorities or =ihaC BerCuasa
ematan ?=B@.
• $ole o Ministry o 8rban /ellbein(9 Housin( and
o)al o+ernment ?Malaysia@ ion muni)ial solid,aste mana(ement is (ibin( ad+i)e and notii)ation
automati)ally.
• $ole o &eartment o 3n+ironmental in terms o only
ollution )ontrol and handlin( in order to rote)t andmaintain the %uality o )ommunity en+ironment.
• 3)onomi) =lannin( 8nit ?3=8@< in+ol+ed in
de+eloment ro(ram in national le+el.
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• Aroa)h undertaCen se)ii)ally<
i. 8ses the ori(inal remains in the rom o solid
,aste ,ithout (oin( throu(h the ro)ess o
hysi)al )han(e.ii. $e)y)lin( a solid ,aste rin ally or
rodu)in( a ra, materials that may be used or
urther ro)ess.
iii.o dedu)t the eDenses o eDistin( solid ,aste
(eneration rom the sour)es.
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• $ole o =B and K=K
allo)ated bet,een :0 to "0 er)ent o mano,er
or their resonsible in en+ironmental mana(ement
ra)ti)es.
40 to 50 er)ent o =B oi)ers (et in+ol+ed in)leanin(9 in)ludin( the solid ,aste mana(ement.
K=K hels and suort =B to ro+ide the
inan)ial allotment to ur)hase the aroriates
ma)hines and +ehi)le maintenan)e. K=K also ro+ide the inan)ial allotment or
u(radin( and )onstru)tin( se+eral ne, solid
,aste )ontainer.
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Estimation of Kuala Lumpur Waste Generation based on 2001
Waste generated (tonnes/day)
Year
Waste generated (tonnes/day) Waste Generation (10³ tonnes/year)
C. %re"io&' Con(i$ion o M&nici)al Soli( *a'$e in
Mala+'ia n 20019 Kuala umur State erritory estimated the total solid ,aste at 2.500
tonnes er day or e%ual to #129500 million tonnes a year.
/ith total oulation estimated around o 1.5 million9 then the a+era(e o solid
,aste (enerated rom any erson is as many as 1." Cilo(rams a day.
A))ordin( to the solid ,aste a))retion o 1.2 er)ent tons a year9 the 2020
estimation ,ill be around o :.:1" tonnes er day or 192109"05 tonnes a year.
'i(ure 1.
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D. La$e'$ Con(i$ion o M&nici)al Soli( *a'$e in
Mala+'ia
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74%
21%
1%1%1% 2%
Municipal Solid Waste Composition from Kuala Lumpur of Sample
Food Waste
(and its
i!t"re)
#$asti (and its
i!t"re)
#a&er (and itsi!t"re)
'i!ed rgani
Wood
ters
'i(ure 1.
n 200#9 oulation o Kuala umur
-ity Area has rea)hed 1.66 million
eole9 oulation (ro,th rate o 6.1 er)ent9 then the oulation in the year
2010 )an be estimated at least to 1.6#
million eole.
MS/ (enerated rom Kuala umur
State erritory and deli+ered to BS
,as re)orded o 29000 tonnes er day.
Solid ,aste samles )olle)tion at aman
Berin(in ranser Station ?BS@
lo)ation around 100C( ,ei(hts er
samle.
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0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
Waste Generation Rate from Kuala Lumpur City
Generation *ate/&erson/day (+g/a&ita/day)
'i(ure 2.
n 200#9 total solid ,aste (eneration
rate or ea)h erson is about 1.2
C(E)aitaEday
1.2 C(E)aitaEday
and ollo,in( the belo, statement9 orea)h (eneration rate o solid ,aste
tye sho,n in able 2.
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=otential +alue o re)y)lable solid
,aste )olle)ted rom Kuala
umur )ity
he ri)e o solid ,aste ?lasti)@)olle)ted rom lasti) used marCet
at Kuala umur -ity area is about
$M 0.45 er Cilo(ram9 due to data
taCen on May 2010 the oulation in 200# is about
1.66 millions9 then the lasti) +alue
er day ,ill be $M 1"#92!0. he
otential (ross +alue )al)ulationor one year eriod )an be rea)hed
about $M 4:902"9200. his otential +alue should be an
additional in)ome or the
o+ernment i they )an build and
de+elo an inte(rated lasti)
re)y)lin( marCet.
'i(ure 4.
74.00%
21.00%
1.00% 2.00%
0.6
0.24
0.18 0.18
#erentage o, -o&osition o, o$id Waste a&$e
Generation *ate/&erson/day (+g/a&ita.day)
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E. Ma$erial' o Soli( *a'$e in ,&ala L)&r
n 200# ,orld,ide9 study by /ilson e$ al. hi(hli(hted the in ,aste
minimization throu(h re)y)lin( aimin( at the re)o+ery o aer9 (lass9 lasti)s9
aluminum and nonerrous metals rom MS/ ,ith re)y)lin( rates tyi)ally at
2050. Also =au e$ al. ?200"@ outlined the resent status on (eneration and
utilization o both nonhazardous and hazardous solid ,astes.
8nortunately that the role o the o+ernment may not iDed re)ent solid ,aste
issues ,ith rese)t to muni)ial solid ,aste mana(ement at Kuala umur
State erritory. n an eort that in)reasin(ly done9 the o+ernment needs to
en)oura(e more eorts around to de+elo the solid ,aste re)y)le industry in
the Kuala umur State erritory
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F. -ero *a'$e Ca#)ain
he Selan(or (o+ernment had de)lared its lans to maCee+ery Saturday a lasti) ba(ree day ee)ti+e on *anuary
192010. A FNo =lasti) Ba(F )amai(n obser+ed in+ol+in( 20
bi( retailers that in)ludes hyermarCets9 suermarCets9
harma)ies and )on+enien)e stores throu(hout the state9 and
,ere ur(ed to redu)e the use o lasti) ba(s.
'e, )omlaints rom )onsumers at its stores9 and the
shoer said that he ,ill suort the )amai(n but it should
be made and ,ell Cno,n by e+ery )onsumers. /ithout anaroriate inormation9 so many )onsumers ,ill miss this
)amai(n and it ,as a)tually a matter o edu)atin( the
ubli).
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Method
Guestionnaires sur+ey
Study lo)ation
Kuala umur -ity
&uration
: months ?*an 2010*une 2010@
=arti)iants
100 resondents in randomly.
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0102030
40506070800
100
4 1 83 77
14
Community (erception
gree
Figure 5: Community perception regarding solid waste
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'ecycle
$eason do re)y)le $e)y)lin( ro(ram arti)iation
451yes
no57.142.
he ri(ht thin(to do
'ollo,in()losest riend Enearby
)ommunity
Figure 6: Reason of respondents in doing
rec clinFigure 7: participation of recycling
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Situation o aman Berin(in ranser Station
?BS@ At resent9 BS mana(es 29100 tones er day. -aa)ity o ,aste (eneration Cee in)reasin( sin)e initial oeration 20029
rom 1"00 tones.
BS re)ei+ed a)ility imro+ement ater in)reasin( ,aste +olume
)aa)ity in 200" and 200!.
BS re)ei+e muni)ial solid ,aste rom K State more than 29"00 tons
er day.
$e%uires +ery lar(es inan)ial issues.
3stimate :0C or a year in simle oerational )ost.
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/. CONCLUSION
/aste )amai(n ro(ram in early 2010 still not
brin( ositi+e eedba)C to the )ommunities
ese)ially K areas.
he ,aste (enerated in ea)h day still same.
More time needed to realize the o+ernmentzero ,aste ro(ram.
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Reco##en(a$ion'
Solid ,aste )omosition (enerated rom K areas
)ontainin( bi( e)onomi) otential +alue ,hi)h
)ontribute side in)ome (eneration.As redu)in( the 7obless
o+ernment should ollo,ed u in order redu)in(
daily ,aste (eneration and eDtend the lietime o
BuCit a(ar landill.
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$eeren)es
1. Budhiarta9 .9 Si,ar9 -.9 Basri9 H. ?2012@. Ad+an)ed S)ien)e normation e)hnolo(y-urrent Status o Muni)ial Solid /aste eneration in Malaysia. nternational *ournal
on Ad+an)e S)ien)e 3n(ineerin( normation e)hnolo(y9 2?2@9 16;21.2. Samsudin9 M. &. M.9 &on9 M. M. ?201:@. Muni)ial solid ,aste mana(ement in
Malaysia> -urrent ra)ti)es9 )hallen(es and rose)t. *urnal eCnolo(i ?S)ien)es and3n(ineerin(@9 62?1@9 #5;101. htt>EEdoi.or(E10.1111:E7t.+62.12#:
:. armudi9 I.9 Abdullah9 M.9 a9 A. M. ?200#@. an +er+ie, o Muni)ial Solid/astes eneration in Malaysia. *urnal eCnolo(i9 51 ?'@?Mar)h 2016@9 1;15.htt>EEdoi.or(E10.1111:E7t.+51.142
4. *ohari9 A.9 AlCali9 H.9 Hashim9 H.9 Ahmed9 S. .9 Mat9 $. ?2014@. Muni)ial solid,aste mana(ement and otential re+enue rom re)y)lin( in Malaysia. Modern Alied
S)ien)e9 !?4@9 :";4#. htt>EEdoi.or(E10.55:#Emas.+!n4:"5. M. . Saeed. et al. Assessment o muni)ial solid ,aste (eneration and re)y)lable
materials otential in Kuala umur9 Malaysia. /aste Mana(ement. 200#. ol. 2#?"@> . 220#221:.
6. &. Bad(ie9 et al. Assessment o Muni)ial Solid /aste -omosition in Malaysia>Mana(ement9 =ra)ti)e9 and -hallen(es. =olish *ournal o 3n+ironmental Studies. 2012.ol. 21?:@> . 5:#54".
". I. SaCa,i. Muni)ial Solid ,aste mana(ement in Malaysia> Solution or sustainable,aste mana(ement. *ournal o Alied S)ien)e in 3n+ironmental Sanitation. 2011. ol.6 ?1@> . 2#:!.
!. . A. Mana9 et al. Muni)ial solid ,aste mana(ement in Malaysia> =ra)ti)es and)hallen(es. /aste Mana(ement. 200#. ol. 2#?11@> . 2#022#06
http://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v62.1293http://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v51.142http://doi.org/10.5539/mas.v8n4p37http://doi.org/10.5539/mas.v8n4p37http://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v51.142http://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v62.1293