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CSF 35104 : FINAL YEAR PROJECT (PROPOSAL)
HOUSE RENTAL SYSTEM USING TOPSIS
Prepared by:
NIK MUHAMMAD FARIS SYAHMI BIN MOHD HASRIN
043440
BACHELOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE (SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT)
FACULTY OF INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING
UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN
Supervisor:
DR WAN SURYANI BINTI WAN AWANG
i
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the report of the project titled House Rental System Using TOPSIS
is based on my own investigations based on information from sources that stated. I also
declare that my work was never be produced by any student of Sultan Zainal Abidin.
______________________________
Name : ..................................................
Date : ....................................................
ii
CONFIRMATION
I have read this report and in my point of view, this project fulfils the condition and
requirements to be awarded as Bachelor of Computer Science (Software
Development) with honor. I also confirm that the research conducted and the writing
of this report was under my supervision.
________________________________
Name : ..................................................
Date : ...................................................
iii
DEDICATION
Thanks to Allah, the most Merciful and the most Gracious. First and foremost, I
would like to thank my parents who give me inspiration and being supportive
throughout my studies. Special thanks to my supervisor, Dr. Wan Suryani Binti Wan
Awang for her professional guidance and support in academic and in real life. I am
very indebted for her patience and invaluable advices that inspired me to see things
positively and felt honoured with her confidence and trust on my ability.
Last but not least, special thanks to my beloved friends for providing moral
support during my studies. Not forgetting those who have directly or indirectly helped
me on this thesis. May Allah rewards your kindness in abundance in this world and
next.
iv
ABSTRACT
There are an abundance of hotel recommendation system available on the Internet
such as Trivago, Trip Advisor and Expedia. For rental house, it is very difficult to find
the same recommendation system and usually the owner not advertise their house on
Internet but, promote it to the resident. Problem arise when it is hard to find the nearby
house rental with the University. Usually, the student will go out and ask for the
resident. It will take so much time for student to find their shelter for the whole
semester. To solve this problem, we need a platform that will help student to find the
house. The owner also can promote their house on the platform as it can attract the
student. The system will find the nearby house rental that available and it will make
comparison with other house for the student to make their choice according to the
features requirement.
v
CONTENTS
PAGE
DECLARATION i
CONFIRMATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ABSTRACT iv
CONTENTS v
LIST OF TABLES viii
LIST OF FIGURES ix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS / TERMS / SYMBOLS x
CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Problem Statement 2
1.3 Objectives 2
1.4 Scope 3
1.5 Limitation of Work 3
1.6 Expected Result 4
CHAPTER 2 : LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction 5
2.2 Research On Different Technique 5
2.2.1 Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution
(TOPSIS) 6
2.2.2 Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) 6
2.2.3 Content-based 7
2.3 Table of Comparison 7
vi
2.4 Implementation TOPSIS In This System 8
2.5 Conclusion 9
CHAPTER 3 : METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 10
3.2 Iterative And Incremental Model 10
3.2.1 Initial Planning Phase 11
3.2.2 Planning Phase 11
3.2.3 Requirements Phase 12
3.2.4 Analysis and Design Phase 12
3.2.5 Implementation Phase 12
3.2.5 Testing & Evaluation Phase 13
3.2.6 Deployment Phase 13
3.3 System Requirement 14
3.3.1 Software Requirement 14
3.3.2 Hardware Requirement 15
3.3 System Design 16
3.3.1 Context Diagram 16
3.3.2 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 0 17
3.3.3 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 1 18
3.3.3.1 DFD Level 1 Process 1.0 18
3.3.3.2 DFD Level 1 Process 2.0 19
3.3.3.3 DFD Level 1 Process 3.0 20
3.3.3.4 DFD Level 1 Process 4.0 21
3.4 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) 22
3.5 Data Model 23
REFERENCES 25
vii
viii
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE PAGE
2.1 Table Of Comparison 7
3.1 Table Student 22
3.2 Table Owner 22
3.3 Table House 22
3.4 Table Booking 23
ix
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE PAGE
2.0 Iterative And Incremental Model 10
2.1 Context Diagram 15
2.2 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 0 16
2.3 DFD Level 1 Process 1.0 17
2.4 DFD Level 1 Process 2.0 18
2.5 DFD Level 1 Process 3.0 19
2.6 DFD Level 1 Process 4.0 20
2.7 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) 21
x
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS / TERMS / SYMBOLS
CD Context Diagram
DFD Data Flow Diagram
ERD Entity Relationship Diagram
FYP Final Year Project
TOPSIS Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution
AHP Analytic Hierarchy Process
1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
As a student that study far away from home and don’t get hostel, we have to find a
nearby house to rent. House rental that are nearby to the University are usually
become student choice. The student that want to rent a house will hardly find a
suitable with them. Not all house rental on the website are available and some of them
are located very far from the University. The owner usually not advertise their house
as they just spread the house to the resident mouth to mouth. The student have to ask
the resident around to find the available rent house and it will takes so much time. The
purpose of this system is to help the student to find rent house easily. This system will
show the available house to rent and make comparison to help the student in making
their choice. This system is using Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an
Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to solve multi-criteria decision making problems.
2
1.2 Problem Statement
The Unisza’s student will face difficulty to find house rental as they does not know the
nearest house that available in Tembila. Some of them that search on certain website
will find the house rental that are far from the university and rarely to find the nearest
one.
There are different house rental that are owned by different owners and have their own
advantage and disadvantage. It will make the student hard to make a wise decision to
choose the best house that suitable with them. As a customer, we want to know the
comparison for the each house rental. So that we can make our mind to choose house
rental.
Besides that, the student need to ask the resident to help them to find the house rental.
Not all the resident know the house that available and the owner not advertise their
house. They only spread mouth to mouth about their rent house to others.
1.3 Objectives
1) To design a system that can generate a list of places of user’s preferences.
2) To develop a system based on algorithm.
3) To test the developed and implemented system.
3
1.4 Scope
The scopes for this project are identified to make the application development process
easier. The scope will be explained from user aspect of view and system function.
1. Admin
• Manage and monitor the whole system
2. Owner
• Register and login to the system
• Edit and update house description
• Receive details from student
3. Student
• Register and login to the system
• Insert the criteria of the house
• Search for house
• Booking the house
1.5 Limitation of Work
There are several limitation and constraint that occurred throughout the development
of the system. These problem and limitations in conducting this study are:
1. This system only applied to Unisza’s student.
2. This system needs an Internet connection.
4
1.6 Expected Result
The expected results of the project are the student can easily find a suitable house
rental using this system. By using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to
an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), this system can help the student as a user to make a
choice of the house rental by making rank.
5
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
In this chapter provides the literature review for the system that will be developed.
The literature review is a process of reading, analysis, evaluating and summarizing
scholarly material about a specific. It can be a guideline to develop a new system
so that the new system can provide better or more functional than existing system.
The main objective of literature review is :
• It presents the literature in an organize way.
• It surveys the literate in area of the study.
• It synthesis the information in that literature into a summary.
2.2 Research On Different Technique
A few researches on different techniques system aim to compare which technique that
most suitable for the system. On this project, there is a few researches with different
algorithm have been reviewed.
6
2.2.1 Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution
(TOPSIS)
The TOPSIS method was developed by Hwang and Yoon to solve multi-criteria
decision making problems (Chen, 2000). The method sorts alternatives based on the
relative closeness to the optimal solution and the relative distance to the worst solution
(Zanakis et al., 1998). In this method, the values of the alternatives must be
measurable or converted to be measurable in order to be able to perform the
calculations. Since the calculations are simple and the method is useful, it is possible
to see many applications in the literature.
2.2.2 Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)
The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a multi-criteria decision making
approach and was introduced by Professor Thomas L. Saaty (1977 and 194). AHP
solves the problem using the pairwise comparison method to rank order alternatives of
a problems that are formulated and solved in a hierarchical structure (Edward C. S. Ku
and Yi Wen Fan, 2009).
The primary goal (objective) is located at the top of the hierarchy while the
decision alternatives at the bottom. In between there are selection of criteria. The
complexity of the criteria will determine the level of hierarchy.
7
2.2.3 Content-based
Content-based recommends items based on a comparison between the content of the
items and a user profile. The content of each item is represented as a set of descriptors
or terms, typically the words that occur in a document. The user profile is represented
with the same terms and built up by analyzing the content of items which have been
seen by the user. Items that are mostly related to the positively rated items are
recommended to the user.
2.3 Table of Comparison
Table 2.1 shows a review on comparison system.
Author Title Method Description
Tülin Durukan,
Serhat Karaoğlan,
Cihat Kartal
(2017)
Selection Of E-
Commerce
Entrance Channel
By AHP And
TOPSIS Methods
TOPSIS,
AHP
This system is to
suggest a solution for a
SME who wants to
enter ecommerce.
Criteria are weighted
by the AHP method and
alternatives are
evaluated by the
TOPSIS method.
Consequently, establish
its own web page and
software is the
recommended solution
in accordance to expert
opinions and own
decision makers'
responses.
Carlos Luis
Sanchez
Bocanegra, Jose
Luis Sevillano
Ramos, Carlos
Rizo, Anton Civit,
Luis Fernandez-
Luque (2017)
HealthRecSys: A
semantic content-
based
recommender
system to
complement
health videos
Content-
Based
This study
demonstrated that a
semantic-based
recommender
algorithm can provide
relevant education
health
8
websites as further
reading for a given
health video.
Srikrishna,
Sreenivasulu
Reddy. , Vani
(2014)
A New Car
Selection in the
Market using
TOPSIS Technique
TOPSIS To overcome confusion
state TOPSIS is used to
adopt for the problem
where there are limited
numbers of choices but
each has large number
of attributes. Some cars
are considered with
different attributes and
select the best car using
TOPSIS technique.
2.4 Implementation TOPSIS In This System
Selection criteria
Rent a house is a big decision-making problem and reflection of customer preference.
Customer choice must be made among several house for a given application, it is
necessary to compare their characteristics in proper manner. Some of the main
criteria‘s of the house rental are price, location, type of house, number of tenant,
number of room and home furniture. The importance of these criteria is commonly
known and thus not elaborated.
9
Rank the preference order
Ranking of the preference in descending order thus allows relatively better
performances to be compared.
Criteria Weight Rating Scale
Price 8 10 very good – 1 none
Location 6 10 very good – 1 none
Type 3 10 very good – 1 none
Number of Tenant 7 10 very good – 1 none
2.5 Conclusion
This chapter discusses the collected literature review that had been reviewed during
feasibility studies. The literature review helps developer to discover the problem of
previous research or system which needs to be improve and overcome in this system
development. Furthermore, it also help to gain understanding about the system that
undergo the development process.
10
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
Methodology is the process, step or stages used to collect information and data
for the purpose of making decisions. The methodology is chosen from the software
development life cycle model. The system development life cycle SDLC that will be
used for this project is Iterative and Incremental Model. In this chapter, it will explain
more detail about every phase that involve on this project development.
3.2 Iterative And Incremental Model
Iterative method is a mathematical procedure that generates a sequence of improving
approximate solutions for a class of problems. It is an act of repeating a process with
the aim of approaching a desired goal, target, or result.
11
Figure 2.0 : Iterative And Incremental Model
3.2.1 Initial Planning Phase
The phase starts with brainstorming the ideas of current problems and system
requests. Then, continue the discussion with the supervisor to choose a project to be
implemented. Literature reviews with the current similar system are studied to find the
problems of the systems
3.2.2 Planning Phase
After deciding the title of the project and the approach to be used, the discussions
continue on defining the problem statements, decide an objectives and define scope
for the system. In order to get a better understanding, existing systems are reviewed,
observe and the constraint and limitation are gathered.
12
3.2.3 Requirements Phase
During this phase, existing systems are analysed and all the requirements that are
needed to develop the new system are identified. In this phase, the information
regarding House Rental System either in the form of journal, articles or research
papers are gathered and studied. All source that found was analysis and observe the
advantage and disadvantage. The information obtained about the House Rental
System and TOPSIS method is crucial in producing the end product and achieve the
system objectives.
3.2.4 Analysis and Design Phase
In this phase, the design of the system is created and the development of the prototype
based on the functionalities that will be built such as add house, update house and
delete house. The data or requirement obtained during the requirement phase is
transformed into a design. Examples of diagrams that will be builds are Context
Diagram (CD), Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD). All
of these diagrams are built as a guideline of the flow of the system.
3.2.5 Implementation Phase
The phase also known as code generation phase. Developer writes codes based on the
previous phase. The system will build using PHP language and MySQL as the
13
database platform. User interfaces are also included in the phases as they are
important in delivering information and messages to the user.
3.2.5 Testing & Evaluation Phase
I. Testing Phase
Every sub-module needs to be tested before it will implement into the system.
Any changes of the coding, error, functionality or upgrades are also will be
tested. User interface will be checked to ensure they are connected to database
and appropriate with the system.
II. Evaluation Phase
System will be evaluated to check for bugs or errors. Any best
practices and techniques that will be used in the first iteration then can
be used for the next requirement changes and needed in the next
iteration.
3.2.6 Deployment Phase
Once the evaluation is done, the system is deployed in the environment so that
the targeted user can use the system. The system will be released to end user to
implement whether the application correct functioning or not.
14
3.3 System Requirement
In order to develop a system properly that hassle free, a list of of complete software
and hardware tools are required. Without complete list of requirements, the system
will be in the state of troublesome.
3.3.1 Software Requirement
• Windows 10 Pro
Operating system used to house all the applications and
tools.
• Microsoft Office 2010
Tools of writing and editing documents.
• Xampp Server
Server used to process data together with management of data using
phpMyAdmin.
• Edraw
Tools to draw diagram.
• Google Chrome
Web browser used to display the data to end user.
• Dropbox
Cloud storage for backup data files.
15
3.3.2 Hardware Requirement
• Laptop
To develop the system and make the documentation.
• Pendrive / External Hard Disk
Used to store and act as a backup for the project.
• Printer
To print the document.
16
3.3 System Design
This chapter describes the design that explain more about the system implementation.
The design of a system is a model plan for the system includes Context Diagram
(CD), Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD).
3.3.1 Context Diagram
Figure 2.1 shows the Context Diagram for this system. This system involve three main
entities (ADMIN, OWNER, STUDENT).
Figure 2.1 : Context Diagram (CD)
17
3.3.2 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 0
Figure 2.2 shows the Data Flow Diagram (DFD) level 0 for this system. This system
will need four data stores which are D1 for OWNER and that stores data about owner
information, D2 for STUDENT that store about student information, D3 for HOUSE
that store about house information and D4 for BOOKING RECORD that store about
booking details.
Figure 2.2 : Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 0
18
3.3.3 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 1
3.3.3.1 DFD Level 1 Process 1.0
Figure 2.3 shows the DFD Level 1 Process 1.0 for this system. This stage involve two
users (OWNER and STUDENT).
Figure 2.3 : DFD Level 1 Process 1.0
19
3.3.3.2 DFD Level 1 Process 2.0
Figure 2.4 shows the DFD Level 1 Process 2.0 for this system. This stage involve one
users (OWNER).
Figure 2.4 : DFD Level 1 Process 2.0
20
3.3.3.3 DFD Level 1 Process 3.0
Figure 2.5 shows the DFD Level 1 Process 3.0 for this system. This stage involve one
users (STUDENT).
Figure 2.5 : DFD Level 1 Process 3.0
21
3.3.3.4 DFD Level 1 Process 4.0
Figure 2.6 shows the DFD Level 1 Process 4.0 for this system. This stage involve one
users (ADMIN).
Figure 2.6 : DFD Level 1 Process 4.0
22
3.4 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)
Figure 2.6 shows the ERD which contains four entities which are STUDENT,
BOOKING, HOUSE and OWNER. This ERD will shows the relationship between
entities. Each entities have their own attributes.
Figure 2.7 : Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)
23
3.5 Data Model
In this section, the basic structure of the tables composing the database for the project
are shown along with information about primary and foreign keys.
Table 3.1 : Student
Table 3.2 : Owner
Table 3.3 : House
24
Table 3.4 : Booking
25
REFERENCES
1. Tülin Durukan, Serhat Karaoğlan, Cihat Kartal (2017), Selection Of E-
Commerce Entrance Channel By AHP And TOPSIS Methods.
2. Carlos Luis Sanchez Bocanegra, Jose Luis Sevillano Ramos, Carlos Rizo,
Anton Civit, Luis Fernandez-Luque (2017), HealthRecSys: A semantic
content-based recommender system to complement health videos.
3. Srikrishna, Sreenivasulu Reddy. , Vani (2014), A New Car Selection in the
Market using TOPSIS Technique.