Crop Protection Management

8/8/2019 Crop Protection Management

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c r o p p r o tec ti o nc r o p p r o tec ti o n

managementmanagement


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An introductionAn introductionDuring cultivation crop are infested with a variety of pests which include

weeds, insects, nematodes, rodents, & disease causing pathogens. There

are different methods for controlling pests. Some include mechanical

methods, chemical methods, & biological methods. Mechanical methodsrequire mechanical equipments. Chemical methods consist of using

pesticides, weedicides, & insecticides. Biological methods include

deliberately introducing organisms that destroy the pests. Chemical

methods , though cause pollution so they should be used limitedly.

Biological & mechanical methods are quite safe as they do not cause

pollution. Warm & humid climate is more conductive for infestation due to

which kharif crops are more susceptible to pests as compared to rabi crop.


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WEED CONTROLWEED CONTROL AN INTRODUCTIONAN INTRODUCTION

Weeds are unwanted plants that grow along with crops in fields. They

affect crops by suppressing growth.They reduce the crop yield &

compete with crops for sunlight, space, water, & nutrients.

NAMES OF WEEDS1) Nut grass

2) Wild sorghum

3) Wild oat

4) Chaulai

5) Saathi

6) Bathua

7) Hirankhuri


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WEED CONTROLWEED CONTROL -- CONTROLLINGCONTROLLING

1. MECHANICAL METHODSWeeds can be removed from the field by uprooting, ploughing, or by

using mechanical implements like khurpi or hoe.

2. CHEMICAL METHODS

Weeds can also be killed by means of chemical called weedicides.Someimportant weedicides are1. 2, 4-D

2. Atrazine

3. Fluchloralin

4. Isoproturon

3. BIOLOGICAL METHODSIn this method appropriate insects are deliberately introduced in the

field infested with weeds.These insects destroy the weeds without

harming the crops.e.g.prickly pear weed is controlled by cochineal insect.


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INSECT CONTROLINSECT CONTROL -- INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Insects attack all parts of the crop. Based on mode of

attack , insects are divided into

1. CHEWING INSECTS

e.g. grasshoppers, locusts, caterpillars, etc.

2. SUCKING INSECTS

e.g. aphids, leaf hoppers, plant bugs, etc.

3. BORER INSECTS

e.g. sugarcane borer, pod borer, cotton ball weevil, etc.Apart from these, termites & grubs also attack on crops.


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INSECT CONTROLINSECT CONTROL -- METHODSMETHODS

Root cutting insets can be controlled by mixingRoot cutting insets can be controlled by mixing

insecticides like chloropropyriphos in the soil.insecticides like chloropropyriphos in the soil.

Leaf cutting& boring insects can be controlled byLeaf cutting& boring insects can be controlled by

spraying contact insecticides like malathion,spraying contact insecticides like malathion,

lindane , & parathion.lindane , & parathion.

Sap sucking insects can be controlled by sprayingSap sucking insects can be controlled by spraying

systematic insecticides like dimethoate & metasystox.systematic insecticides like dimethoate & metasystox.


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DISEASE CONTROLDISEASE CONTROL

Pathogens infect & cause serious diseases to our crops.Based on mode of transmission they are divided into

1.SEED BORNE DISEASES

e.g. loose smut of wheat, leaf spot of rice,etc

2.SOIL BORNE DISEASES

e.g. smut of bajra, tikka disease of groundnut,etc.

3. AIR BORNE DISEASES

e.g. rust of wheat ,blast of rice,etc.

4. WATER BORNE DISEASES

e.g. bacterial blight of rice,etc.

They can be controlled by fungicides.


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S O M E M O R E P I C T U R E SS O M E M O R E P I C T U R E S


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Crop Protection Management