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Creating the Plan: A Sustainable Floodplain Management Process Model Natural Hazard Mitigation Association
Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC
Tim Trautman, Affiliation
2
Welcome!
Learning Objectives 1. Describe the decision model behind floodplain
management
2. Explain the future conditions approach to floodplain mapping
3. Explain the strategic planning approach to flood mitigation
3
Charlotte-Mecklenburg
• Mission: Protect Life and Property and restore the natural & beneficial floodplain functions
• 1993 Storm water utility
• FEMA Floodplains
• 1999 Guidance Document
4
History
5
Community Vision
6
7
1998 2005 2003 2002 1995 1999 1996 2000 2001 2004 1997
Guidance Document
8
2011 2016 2015 2008 2012 2009 2013 2014 2017 2010 2007
Risk Based Local Buyouts
9
Storm Water Management: Decision Elements
10
Facts/ Data
Actions/ Implement
Partners/ Community
Ideas/ Strategy
Storm Water Management: Decision Model
11
PROBLEM SOLVING
CYCLE
Facts/Data
Partners/ Community
Ideas/ Strategy
Problems: Situations people are motivated to change
Solutions: Actions that solve “Problems”
Actions/ Implement
Continuous Improvement Evaluation
IMPLEMENTATION CYCLE
Shared Learning • Do you have a floodplain vision that adequately promotes
long-term resilience?
• How could utilizing the Decision Model overcome challenges you face?
12
Local Role in Floodplain Mapping Map Uses:
• Guide Development
• Flood Insurance
• Risk Communications
• Planning/ Zoning
14
Role of Local Government: Public Safety and Protect Life and Property
Community Resiliency Local Governments - at the forefront of building resilient communities
• Land use plans & decisions
• Regulations
• Capital Improvements
NEED MAPPING PRODUCTS
15
Homeowners: Can You Tell the Difference?
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Homeowners: Can You Tell the Difference? (cont.)
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First Maps Dated 1978 – 2004 1% annual chance Flood
Floodplain Maps- History Map Updates 2004
1% annual chance Flood
Insurance Maps available online with additional property information
2013 Risk MAP Updates
Products & Risk Communication
19
http://mapserver.mecklenburgcountync.gov/3dfz/
Flood Insurance Rate Maps • FEMA Floodplain (Flood
Insurance) • Community Floodplain
(local use) • Floodways
New Flood Risk Products • 3D Flood Depth Maps • Annual likelihood of
flooding • Change Comparisons
New Floodzone Website • Delivery of Flood Risk
Information • Mapping • Risk Assessment • Risk Reduction
Why Floodplain Maps Change
Technological Advancements
Natural & Man Made Land Changes
Climatological Changes
• Extended Historic Rainfall Records • Changes in Rain Intensity, Duration, Frequency, etc.
• Better Data • Improved Computer Models • Enhanced Map Products
• Natural Geomorphic Stream Changes • Development within the Watershed
20
Future Floodplains • Philosophy: Floodplain meant to flood
• Upland land for flood storage in new construction
• Account for future hydrologic changes to 1%
Lower future risk & Lower future flood insurance rates when maps increase!
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Two Floodplains
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FEMA Floodplain
• 100-year flood • Primarily used to rate
flood insurance
Community Floodplain
• 100-year flood • Full build out in the
watershed • Used adopted Land Use
Plans
Future Land Use (Today) • Estimating full build out
conditions • Planning Commission’s Land
Use plans as starting point • 80 future land use categories • Translate to 12 categories
impervious area categories for floodplain mapping
• Comparison – Existing to Future
23
Floodplain Mapping: Decision Model Usage
PROBLEM SOLVING
CYCLE
Facts/Data
Partners/ Community
Ideas/ Strategy
Problems: Situations people are motivated to change
Solutions: Actions that solve “Problems”
Actions/ Implement
Continuous Improvement Evaluation
IMPLEMENTATION CYCLE
24
Shared Learning • What do you think of using "future floodplains" as part
of public policy?
• How should communities define an acceptable risk level & adapt to changes?
25
Flood Mitigation Program
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Protecting Life & Property Since 1999 • Removed from Floodplain: ▫ Over 320 buildings/ homes ▫ Over 550 families
• Floodplain restored: ▫ 150 acres
• Actual Damage Avoided: ▫ 100's buildings ▫ ~$25M in losses avoided
• No Disaster funding
28
Enhance Quality of Life Since 1996 • Creek Use Policy • CIP Projects ▫ Over 20 Floodplains miles ▫ Over 550 families
• Development Ordinances ▫ Buffers ▫ LID & Post-Construction
Controls • Stream Walks ▫ 280 miles per year
29
Residential Neighborhoods
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retroFIT Program • Incentivize private mitigation • Floodplain property owners • Financial & technical assistance • Direct grant program • FY16 - Pilot Year $250,000
31
Flood Mitigation: Decision Model Usage
PROBLEM SOLVING
CYCLE
Facts/Data
Partners/ Community
Ideas/ Strategy
Problems: Situations people are motivated to change
Solutions: Actions that solve “Problems”
Actions/ Implement
Continuous Improvement Evaluation
IMPLEMENTATION CYCLE
32
Shared Learning • How would you incentivize and implement mitigation
locally?
• How can you integrate mitigation into long-term planning efforts?
33
After a Flood... • Celebrate Success
• How much damage was avoided?
▫ Buildings
▫ Vehicles
• How much floodwater was contaminated?
35
Creek Water Quality Profile
36
Flood Mitigation Results
$0M
$20M
$40M
$60M
$80M
$100M
$120M
$140M
$160M
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
$58M
$272M $286M $306M
INVESTMENT/COST (ACT)
FUTURE LOSSES AVOIDED (EST)
36 B
uild
ings
75 B
uild
ings
12 B
uild
ings
13 B
uild
ings
1Bu
ildin
gs
5 Bu
ildin
gs
5 Bu
ildin
gs
11 B
uild
ings
27 B
uild
ings
42 B
uild
ings
22 B
uild
ings
12 B
uild
ings
15 B
uild
ings
16 B
uild
ings
33 B
uild
ings
37
Mitigation Impacts
>
2,0
00
Flo
odp
lain
B
uil
din
gs
-
32
Bu
ild
ings
-
68
Bu
ild
ings
-
10
Bu
ild
ings
-
6 B
uil
din
gs
-
1 B
uil
din
g
-
4 B
uil
din
gs
-
4 B
uil
din
gs
-
10
Bu
ild
ings
-
18
Bu
ild
ings
-
41
Bu
ild
ings
-
11
Bu
ild
ings
-
15
Bu
ild
ings
-
15
Bu
ild
ings
-
7 B
uil
din
gs
-
1 B
uil
din
g
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1999 2000 2001 20022003200420052006200720082009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
> 35% Reduction
>50% Reduction
Co
mm
un
ity
Flo
od
Ris
k
Y e a r
38
New Development Impacts Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC
Flood Risk Profile
Co
mm
un
ity
Flo
od
Ris
k
Y e a r
> 2
,00
0 T
otal
Bu
ild
ings
+ 1
39 B
uil
din
gs
+ 1
02
Bu
ild
ings
+ 9
5 B
uil
din
gs
+ 4
2 B
uil
din
gs
+ 5
9 B
uil
din
gs
+ 6
4 B
uil
din
gs
+ 7
0 B
uil
din
gs
+ 6
3 B
uil
din
gs
+ 2
6 B
uil
din
gs
+ 1
3 B
uil
din
gs
+ 1
4 bu
ild
ings
+ 1
3 B
uil
din
gs
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
1,000,000
1,100,000
1,200,000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
3% Increase (704 new bldgs)
~25% Reduction
39
Floodplain Risk Profile
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16
Tota
l Ris
k Po
ol P
oin
ts (T
hou
san
ds)
Potential future buyouts ~750 buildings
Residual Risk and Floodproofing
0 - $250K 52%
$250K - $500K
22%
>$500K 26%
Mitigation Cost <$250/Point 19%
$250 - $500/Point
17%
$500 - $1,000/Point
15%
>$1,000/Point 49%
Cost per Point
42% reduction
40
Review of Key Learning Objectives 1. Describe the decision model behind floodplain
management
2. Explain the future conditions approach to floodplain mapping
3. Explain the strategic planning approach to flood mitigation
41
Thank You for Your Participation!
• Questions and/or comments
• Contact information
Natural Hazard Mitigation Association P.O. Box 170984 Boston, MA 02117 Email: [email protected] www.nhma.info
42