1671 Census of the Delaware

Peter Stebbins Craig, J.D.

Fellow, American Society of Genealogasts Fellow, Genealogacal Society of Pennsylvania

Published by the Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania

1305 Locust Street Philadelphia, PA 19 107

Monograph Series no. 4

Conte

Preface ..........................................

Copyright 0 1999 by Dr. Peter Stebbins Craig, 3406 Macomb St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20016

Printed in the United States of America

Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 99-75853

ISBN NO. 1-887099-10-7

Except as provided under the United States Copyright Act of 1978, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the author, Peter S. Craig.

. . . . . . . . . . Par t l : Wharton'sCensus Upland Court Jurisdictic,:

Sankhickans Island i C Matinicum (now Burli :I

. . . . . . . . . . . . Shackamaxon ........................ Wicaco

............ Moyamensing .................... Passyunk '

Aronameck ............... Kingsessing ................... Cock's Island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . Boon's Island . . . . . . . . . . Carkoens Hook

Calcon Hook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ammansland ...............

............. Tinicum Island .......................... Upland

...................... Prin tztorp Marcus Kill .................... Marcus Hook . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Part 2: New Castle CourtJurisdlsu The Bought .................. Verdrietige Hook I Bc-c Skilpot Kill ..................

...................... Christina ... The Soldiers' Tract

Deer Point ................... The Old Minquas Plan Bread & Cheese Island

Con tents

. . i e s y r s Craig . 3406 Macomb St., N.W.,

d 5 ~ : ~ s Copnight Act of 1978. no part = > I ...A.. . . I-tnbuted . in any form or by any me -. L r \ -[ern . ~tithout the prior written rc 2

...................................................................................... Preface vii

...................................................................... Part 1 : Wharton's Census 1 . ...................................................... Upland Court Jurisdiction 11 ................................. Sankhickans Island & Chiepiessing 12 ............................... Matinicum (now Burlington) Island 12

.................................................................... Shackamaxon 13 Wicaco ................................................................................ I3 Moyamensing .................................................................... 14

............................................................................. Passyunk 15 Aronameck ........................................................................ 18

........................................................................ Kingsessing 21 Cock's Island ..................................................................... 22 Boon's Island ..................................................................... 23 Carkoens Hook ................................................................. 23 Calcon Hook ..................................................................... 25 Ammansland ...................................................................... 28 Tinicum Island .................................................................. 29 Upland ............................................................................... 31

........................................................................... Prin tztorp 33 ......................................................................... Marcus Kill 33

Marcus Hook ..................................................................... 34

................................................. Part 2: New Castle Court Jurisdiction 36 The Bought ........................................................................ 36 Verdrietige Hook (Bochten) ............................................ 37

......................................................................... Skilpot Kill 38 ............................................................................ Christina 39

........................................................... The Soldiers' Tract 41 Deer Point .......................................................................... 42 The Old Minquas Plantation ............................................ 42

..................................................... Bread & Cheese Island 42

.......................................................... Swart Nutten Island 44 ....................................................................... Feren Hook 45

Long Hook ........................................................................ 46 ........................................................................... Mill Torp 47

Turkey Island .................................................................... 48 Crane Hook ....................................................................... 48 Paerden Hook ................................................................... 50

........................................................................... Swanyck 53 New Castle ......................................................................... 57

West New Jersey Residents ...................................................... 72 ................................................ Wiltbanck's Whorekill Census 73

............................................................................. Name Index 83

Maps & Illustrations

Reproduction of portion of first page of census ..................................... 4 1693 Service Area of Swedish Log Church at Wicaco ........................... 11 1693 Service Area of Swedish Log Church at Crane Hook .................. 54

T his book is designed to assist histori daunting task of identifying Europf

prior to the Quaker "invasion" that be,g~n and culminated with William Penn's 23

The task has been daunting because fe for the Swedes, Finns and Dutch ~ h o i o n of the residents on the South k l -er a , < became outnumbered in 1682 by the - 6

the British Isles. The first permanent settlement ot 3

the founding of New Sweden at Fort D

that spread northward to the Schu1lk.J Castle) by 1655. In that year, Sew 51. rd and remained under Dutch rule 1 1 : : ~ : : the river to the forces of the Duke i'i\->! first English census in 1671, i t renlLzfi governed out of FortJames on \ larLzc

New York Governor Francis Lcl: c:r;r hen he ordered the census in 1 ri; l - ro or taxes. Nevertheless, the resuldna suucting the European settlemene '1 r. 2 the river had been under English rit : resided there. They were limited rr. ?t

joined by a handful of settlers fi-or. 1.r.z (South Philadelphia) and another recently arrived at the Whorehll LC--*

Otherwise, from Burlington Irlar. 7 zs Swedish or Dutch spealung. The 5:.c<e Sweden) predominated north ni X Y ; ~ C in New Castle and the Whorehll. T?.? f the census from Burlington Island : r ZP Swedish and Dutch. Interpreun; i r nc

I Helmanus Wiltbanck, a residen~ r i -3 and did a somewhat better job ir: Y r i c

f 1: - 5 ................................... 4 cz ;. 1 -4.- - - - - ... - - .CdCO ........................... 11 ... .-. CI- - - L -. :- r-.. -- ,r.c Hook .................. 54

Preface

T his book is designed to assist historians and genealogists in the rather daunting task of identifying European settlers on the Delaware River

prior to the Quaker "invasion" that began with John Fenwick's group in 1675 and culminated with William Penn's 23 ships in 1681-1682.

The task has been daunting because few records have survived in America for the Swedes, Finns and Dutch who constituted the overwhelming majority of the residents on the South River (as they called the Delaware) until they became outnumbered in 1682 by the continuing flood of emigrants from the British Isles.

The first permanent settlement of the South River began in 1638 with the founding of New Sweden at Fort Christina (now Wilmington), a colony that spread northward to the Schuylkill and southward to Sand Hook (New Castle) by 1655. In that year, New Sweden surrendered to New Netherland and remained under Dutch rule until 1664, when the Dutch surrendered the river to the forces of the Duke ofYork. Thereafter, up to the time of the first English census in 1671, it remained a part of the Colony of New York, governed out of Fort James on Manhattan Island.

New York Governor Francis Lovelace had only short-term goals in mind when he ordered the census in 1671 - to increase the collection of "quit rents" or taxes. Nevertheless, the resulting census serves as an important key in recon- structing the European settlements on the Delaware in this period. Although the river had been under English rule for seven years, very few Englishmen resided there. They were limited to the remnants of the 1664 invading force, joined by a handful of settlers from Long Island who had settled at Passyunk (South Philadelphia) and another handful of settlers from Maryland who had recently anived at the Whorekill (Lewes, Delaware).

Othenvise, from Burlington Island to the Delaware Bay, the area was entirely Swedish or Dutch speaking. The Swedes and the Finns (who also came from Sweden) predominated north of New Castle, while the Dutch predominated in New Castle and the Whorekill. The Englishman Walter Wharton, who took the census from Burlington Island to New Castle, had difficulty understanding Swedish and Dutch. Interpreting some of his entries has been a challenge. Helmanus Wiltbanck, a resident of the Whorekill, was familiar with Dutch and did a somewhat betterjob in his community.

vii

Another problem with the census - a problem common to the entire pe- riod, 1638-1682 - is the fact that few of the Swedes, Finns and Dutch had surnames. Most of them stayed with the patronymic naming system which pre- vailed in their native countries. Thus, Eskil Larsson's son Bartil was known as Bartil Eskilsson and the latter's son Anders was known as Anders Bartilsson, which became modified to Andrew Bartleson in the hands of English scribes. Nicknames were also common. Thus, Gerrit Jansen, the Dutch blacksmith at New Castle, was also known as Gemt de Smit (his occupation) and Gerrit van Beck (his place of origin). In the patronymic tradition, however, his sons were known as Gemtsen (later Garretson).

Similarly, among the Swedes, Finns and Dutch, women kept their maiden names throughout their life. Thus, the Dutch woman Sarah Neering was twice married. She was still called Sarah Neering in the will of her second husband, Foppe Jansen Outhout. A Swedish orphan named Christina Olles- dotter was known by that name throughout her life, surviving two husbands, the Dutch soldier 6Valraven Jansen de Vos and the Swedish barber-surgeon Timen Stiddem.

Under the influence of English custom, most of the Swedes, Finns and Dutch had adopted surnames by the end of the 17th century. Sometimes the patronymic formed the basis for the surname (e.g., Mirtensson to Mor- ton, Gustafsson to Justice, Jochimsson to Yocurn). Sometimes the surname was invented, such as Lingiker, meaning "long field" in Swedish, which became Anglicized to Longacre. Thus, John Morton (17241777), signer of the Declaration of Independence, traced his ancestry back to Mirten Msrtensson, the Finn, who arrived in New Sweden in 1654, and James Bar- ton Longacre (17941869), Chief Engraver at the U.S. Mint, 18441869, traced his paternal line back to Peter Andersson, a Swede who arrived in New Sweden in 1640.

The author has been working on this 1671 census project for over a decade. The results were first published in the Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine in its 1998 issues. The present book now republishes those two articles with minor, typographical corrections and a name index. It is hoped that the book will help other researchers interested in the pioneer European settlers of Pennsylvania, Delaware and West New Jersey.

Washington, D.C., August 1999

Dr. Peter S. Craig

1671 Census of tht

by Dr. Peter Stebbin

A mong the NewYork H i s r o r i d Archives in Albany, S e l i I-,: rk.

erable interest to historians and g+r of the Delaware. T h e documszr 8

Sicolls, then Secretary of Go\-err: w Inhabitants of the Delaware" a n ( c households from Matinicum BUT^ Castle on the south.'

The document was filed aftsr 2 il St. Jones, a n d Duck creeks in pr- first interpreted as relating ~a ( 7 ~

published by Berthold Ferncf;; In Histo? of the State of Neu I%&. \ :,:lu: continuation of the same l65lI1 ccn tion was then reprinted, in gar'?:a Shes , Volume 7, a t pages 161:+'2 ? genealogists alike usuall!. in teyrs rc

'Dr. Peter Stebbins Craig, F.GG ?I;-\?. logical Society of Pennsvl~ania. i; 2 rc--+? of the first settlers of the Delar,-rlrr '3.-zl.~. . . b o n g his many books and arucler rr- r w :I .immica, 1641-1 772 (1986). and I--./ . :< He is currently working on a nerk- b:.,:; .'.-5

serially by the Swedish AmPn'ro~? G-.?:..:,? Project, designed to translate 3fiC

Swedes) Church in Philadelph~a.

' The census is oficially deslp.a:e- r;- S

r i - - r :,hiem common to the entire pe- k- r f r-.~ Siedes. Finns and Dutch had

I

&i :.:--r nimic naming system which pre- a- -:*I i l- - - - .:on's son Bartil was known as - a ~ ' = = r s kno~\n as Anders Bartilsson, k--t-+: 3 In the hands of English scribes. a. d 2 - r : Imsen. the Dutch blacksmith at r t't Srric his occupation) and Genit van xr z:rr~c rndition, however, his sons were

mr ;-< Dutch. women kept their maiden :- <?t 32cch 1%-oman Sarah Neering was L-i-- Xeerinq in the will of her second q.**2... - A->r. orphan named Christina Olles-

r L: 5er life. suniving two husbands, dt '.-I; 2nd the Swedish barber-surgeon

c:irr -. most of the Swedes, Finns and !ie tz 5 rhe 17th century. Sometimes r . l r i- - : - zr?.ame I' e.g., Mirtensson to Mor-

ar r r l - ~ ~ ~ c u m I . Sometimes the surname wz--r--.: -!on% field" in Swedish, which . . '2 r.--.r \lorton (1 724-1 777), signer of

-- - - -'I?- his ancestry back to Mirten xi \-c;+ S:*-eden in 1654, and James Bar- ks-<-er at the U.S. Mint, 18441869, r- -lr-derszon, a Swede who arrived in

P i ~ i > 1671 census project for over a knee in the Pennsjlvania Genealogical c~.-T.: .%oL now republishes those two -7 c. - -7 r . . - - .#n i and a name index. It is hoped ~ c r ~ .rrcrs>ted in the pioneer European ~k 'b,ieic Yew Jersey.

Dr. Peter S. Craig

1671 Census of the Delaware: Part 1

by Dr. Peter Stebbins Craig, FASG, FGSP*

A mong the NewYork Historical Manuscripts a t the NewYork State Archives in Albany, NewYork, is a two-page manuscript of consid-

erable interest to historians and genealogists-the first English census of the Delaware. The document is endorsed, in the hand of Matthias Nicolls, then Secretary of Governor Francis Lovelace, as "A list of the Inhabitants of the Delaware" and dated 1671. It names 165 heads of households from Matinicum (Burlington) Island o n the north to New Castle o n the south.'

The document was filed after a 1680 census of inhabitants o n Cedar, St. Jones, and Duck creeks in present Delaware and, for this reason, was first interpreted as relating to that year. It was first transcribed and published by Berthold Fernow in Documents Relating to the Colonial Histo9 of the State of New York, volume 12, at pages 646-48 (1877), as a continuation of the same 1680 census. Fernow's misleading transcrip- tion was then reprinted, in garbled form, in Pennsylvania Archives, 2d Series, Volume 7, at pages 860-62 (1878). Subsequently, historians and genealogists alike usually interpreted the 1671 census as applying to the

*Dr. Peter Stebbins Craig, FASG, FGSP, a Fellow and board member of the Genea- logical Society of Pennsylvania, is a retired Washington lawyer specializing in the study of the first settlers of the Delaware Valley, 1638-1655, and their colonial descendants. Among his many books and articles are The Yocums ofAronameck (1983), The Stilk Family in America, 1641-1772 (1986), and The 1693 Census of the Swedes on the Delaware (1993). He is currently working on a new book, New Sweden Settlers, 1638-1664, being published serially by the Swedish American. Genealogist, and is editor of the Gloria Dei Records Project, designed to translate and publish the colonial records of Gloria Dei (Old Swedes) Church in Philadelphia.

' The census is officially designated as New York Historical Manuscripts, 21:104/105.

I

. . - - - L - - . . .i.: r.:.mmon to the en tire pe- - . -

c,: --.= - - - .- - .- . - rcie Finns and Dutch had p---I--a-.- . .- -.-. " - L.minq nJtem which pre-

jL -5%: i s ; r~n B&l as known as &> LF. IO- . ,~ .hders Birtilsson, k r r 1: kt : l n & of English scribes. k-.: '~:*i-1. -he Dutch blachmith at .<--- ;.- .-. sicupadon I and Gerrit van r: r =&;i"Yon. ho~ie~-er. his sons were

. - . EZ -1.21~3 xmmen kept their maiden ic El-rrk. :%oman Sarah Neering was & \-eer.2z in the ~iill of her second e r ; L r r = k m named Christina Olles- S~ _ - r.=- . . ..: ... e . sunixing n\.o husbands,

l-,-.z-i-~ . . -. - -.c ~ i e d s h - barber-surgeon

a: z- r= I i: c.f r_I..e ST\-edes. Finns and . . . - - .

r- 1 r r 15 . In cencuq-. Sometimes e s ---LT~ e g . \lartensson to Mor- . - T,I , - - , - ~ - - - 5:'rr.edmer. the surname

- . .- nx:r - 1 I rr ::~LC in Swedish, which p;f-T- .t,f - - - - . . - . . .. I - 3 - 1 ::Ti. signer of

. ~

=re= rli :-,:csin- back to hfLrten h~ _\--if er :x 1554. and James Bar- pTt: :: -' :.- L- 5. \lint. 18441869, e ~ . S;, ede ~ i h o arrived in

e E :<-I - ;-<,.< . - - . . - pro-iecc for over a r 5 :r 2 + 5;-; -: i-. .'r /; ri in G e r ~ e a l o ~ i c a l

e3 -.I.: .i r I,:, ~epublishes those two I r i L-. ; 1 z3m.e index. I t is hoped

- . ? . - - = - - ~-:- .- - . . . - . . - . . . - ... r_~. r pioneer European \,-;;- \-;- - - -. . - . . ~ - * S . ' T 7 .

Dr. Peter S. Craig

1671 Census of the Delaware: Part I

by Dr. Peter Stebbins Craig, FASG, FCSP*

A mong the NewYork Historical Manuscripts at the NewYork State Archives in Albany, New York, is a two-page manuscript of consid-

erable interest to historians and genealogists-the first English census of the Delaware. The document is endorsed, in the hand of Matthias Nicolls, then Secretary of Governor Francis Lovelace, as "A list of the Inhabitants of the Delaware" and dated 1671. It names 165 heads of households from Matinicum (Burlington) Island on the north to New Castle on the south.'

The document was filed after a 1680 census of inhabitants on Cedar, St. Jones, and Duck creeks in present Delaware and, for this reason, was first interpreted as relating to that year. It was first transcribed and published by Berthold Fernow in Documents Relating to the Colonial Histoq ofthe State of New York, volume 12, at pages 646-48 (1877), as a continuation of the same 1680 census. Fernow's misleading transcrip- tion was then reprinted, in garbled form, in Pen,nsylvania Archives, 2d Series, Volume 7, at pages 860-62 (1878). Subsequently, historians and genealogists alike usually interpreted the 1671 census as applying to the

*Dr. Peter Stebbins Craig, FASG, FGSP, a Fellow and board member of the Genea- logical Society of Pennsylvania, is a retired Washington lawyer specializing in the study of the first settlers of the Delaware Valley, 1638-1675, and their colonial descendants. Among his many books and articles are The Yocum of Aronarneck (1983), The StilleFamily i n America, 1641-1 772 (1986), and The 1693 Cens'us of the Swedes on !he Delaware (1993). H e is currently working on a new book, Nrnu Sweden Settlers, 1638-1664, being published serially by the Swedish American Genealogist, and is editor of the Gloria Dei Records Project, designed to translate and publish the colonial records of Gloria Dei (Old Swedes) Church in Philadelphia.

The census is officially designated as NewYork Historical Manuscripts, 31:104/105.

2 1671 Censw of the Delaware

year 1680 .~ In 1977, Dr. Charles T. Gehring provided a new transcription of this 1671 census which, for the first time, properly attached the cor- rect year to this document.' Dr. Gehring kindly provided the author with a photocopy of this 1671 document which has been used as the basis for this article.

In the original document the census taker numbered each tenth en- try (10, 20, 30, etc.). It begins with the northern-most settlement on the Delaware, Pieter Alrichs' plantation at Matinicum (Burlington) Is- land, and ends with Pieter Alrichs' house at New Castle, with settlers listed in geographic order. In the attached transcription, intervening numbers have been applied for each entry. The original document is torn and damaged by fire on the left-hand side on parts of both pages, so that the first part of each name for entries 6-1 0, 26-37, 121-23, and 130-55 is missing. Another tear, on the lower right of the first page has eliminated the end of entries 106-1 12.

Many of these omissions can be supplied from contemporary docu- ments, particularly the fine lists for the 1669 Long Finn ~ e b e l l i o n , ~ patents issued by the Governor of New York and his predecessors still preserved at the New York State Archives, and early deed books and court records.

The apparent purpose of this census was to insure that the Duke of York's government, which then had its headquarters at FortJames on Manhattan Island, was receiving the quit rents (taxes) due from land holders on the Delaware. After the capture of former New Netherland from the Dutch in 1664, orders were issued requiring all persons hold- ing Dutch patents to get them renewed and all landholders who had none to make proper application for a patent. The response from the

See, for example, Emrts B. Greene and Virginia D. Harrington, American Po,bulation Befoe the Federal Censur of 1790, 121 (Columbia University Press, 1932); Gregory B. Keen, The Descendants ofJiiran Kyn of New Srueda, 12 (Philadelphia: Swedish Colonial Society, 1913); Marshall J. Becker, "Pre-Penn Settlements of the Delaware Valley," Pansylvania Genealogzcal Magazine 32 (1982):227, 229. The first author to question this 1680 date was Jeannette Eckman, who suggested the date "about 1675-78." Crane Hook on the Delaware (Newark, Del.: Delaware Swedish Colonial Society, 1958), 29. A more accurate estimate \\,as supplied by Ruth L. Springer, who concluded that "the roll could have been taken as early as 1671, but not later than 1674." John Morton i n Contemporaq Records (Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1967), 4.

.Yew lbrk His tacal Manuscripts: Delaware Papers (English Period) (Baltimore: Genealogi- cal Publishing Co., 1977), 305-10 [hereafter cited as NYHM, Delaware Papers: English]. ' .\YHlLf, Delaware Papers: English, 7-9.

Delaware was quite limited. leading ro specifically stated that this requirenf and about ela aware."' By lb7l i r 5 , ; ~ '

the Delaware were still avoiding <?is sarv if the recalcitrants were to bc id€

The census, apparent1:- takrn iz 1 made by Walter Wharton. Thr c c r . ~ ~ newcomer to the Dela~vare. firs: n c n 1b'70/1 to Captain John Carr. Gc~l c n Delaware, from Robert Jones of \;a associates, George Whale and I\-- settling new land south of Xer\- CA-d rhen en route to New Castle wih -4

rhem.%arr personally appearrd b-4 lames, 15 April 1671, and secure 3 .

i \ l a l e , and Wharton.' That I\-dt c r

soon volunteered his senices is ap 7 -- 1 9 I 1 1,ovelace formally named !.:=n l-ork's lands on the Dela\\.are.-

Indeed, in taking the census. 1il-u ized to issue patents to lando\\:trs. ;

Fatents issued, bearing the d ~ i f 8:-f

never recorded in NelcYork. OK : 4 JI 3 blanket order that grants -r.c.;i p! i \ I a r t o n have patents for CC\~:'.TC

conditions as the rest of the piazrcr: -1 comparable census lias n:?z?c a

5 \lav 16'71, by Helmanur i\-::fia'

' .\l.HH\.l, General Entries. 1 : 27s -' 27-H.\J, Delaruare Papms: En:;: i +. 1'

-Cap[. Carr relates of the Des~rc ;.i 7 1

;: . w u i m i n y k Bomboys Hook. :c .X ILD: 2-e one Slr. Jones. l l r . \\harton. Llr l'.-:-& i-.5 some of them about their Setlcrr.c:.:- f ::xi = P-ISd]. ' .aherr Cook LIyerr. l l b l t t ~ I:?.;_:- : I

i:i:cr\- of Dela~\.are, 19331. 1G16 :kcrrx-:e: .\I-H.\l. GeneralEnlne~. 1:4'74. .\lH.\l. Delai~tare Paptn: Engfi.5,;- 1 1.1

a -:if: r-:.-.\-:t< c:;?. ren& en- - - - - ----:- . -- -. .--- rs: +.f:.ILcrrrnr on the

IJ 2 : J!:xz::.-z. 3z:::zzcon 1 Is- k-. . . - ; - \- - - . ,- :. - - . -. -.: - - . r - > - c . :.?L! settlers

. . IZ:.-.~Z :-L--F.IXT:IT.. inren-ening

- I ' t : ~ - rf I r.zr.r: 6cc-lrnent is

- . j z - ; ; . z - - - ----- -. - . . - . . . - - - - .- t.:rh pages, - . - - - - - :e~.:-.f~5 7 - - . :. - - - 121-23. and

. - . - >c : r ;- er rz:: r I x c zrs: page has a -

. . q;.-e: I::.:. ~ r r r t z r ~ . : t n n - docu-

- - - - - - - r-: -,- _ - - + . - - -. - - . . . - ..? - ~ e b e l l i o n , ~

. . TL-;:. LT-z - - = - = - - - -

. o r t i l l - . * , k--,s L-.< 5:-.-. :fc8z >clok and

-__ ..- . - . ~ _ 7 - - - = .. - - i-=. &e Duke of h : - : c r r : Fort Tames on w: '-2 - ~ \ = j :ram land

. . WL-~ I : I : -=-f: xe:\ Xeiherland , - r:: -:rz; L. zersons hold-

- - . - .. . . rr- 5 zr: 1.. .zr,---.c'-csrs ~ c h o had - - - - - - - -

L I . ~ . . _ A : t+~ .<~r" , se from h e

- .. 1 FL - . -- . -. &. . .- . . -z . :z? Pcp%lation - -

-*;- - --=.. . . - - - (--F-T-,. - - .-: , - . ->: -::- L.. L 5 .. B. ~ e e n ,

- . . ?'L:z~I L >-el:. Cc::zn:d S o c i e ~ ,

- - - - a - - - - . . - - 6 - - --; . LF.. pz.;y?l;*ania -- .- - ._"L_

. . -.. =- :- - ,-- - - --.. . . - ... -.> - ~ Y . I date as - - . - - - . - : . : - : :=-.r -7 r a z e :-, :;i Dt;iau.are

. - ~ . r, - rr,- -'? I .= : :t r:,xTie -timate r- - -->. -..= -. - . . . - 1: -= kz;e :ken uken as

Wharton's Census 3

Delaware was quite limited, leading to a new decree on 1 July 1669 which specifically stated that this requirement applied to all "inhabitants in and about ela aware."^ By 1671 it was apparent that many residents of the Delaware were still avoiding this requirement. A census was neces- sary if the recalcitrants were to be identified.

The census, apparently taken in late April or early May 1671, was made by Walter Wharton. The census is in his handwriting. He was a newcomer to the Delaware, first mentioned in a letter dated 13 March 1670/1 to Captain John Carr, Governor Lovelace's chief officer on the Delaware, from Robert Jones of Virginia, reporting that he and two associates, George Whale and Walter Wharton, were interested in settling new land south of New Castle. Both Whale and Wharton were then en route to New Castle with surveys of the land which interested them.%arr personally appeared before the Governor's council at Fort James, 15 April 1671, and secured approval to negotiate with Jones, Whale, and W h a r t ~ n . ~ That Walter Wharton, a competent surveyor, soon volunteered his services is apparent from the fact that on 17 June 1671 Lovelace formally named him Surveyor General of the Duke of York's lands on the ela aware.'

Indeed, in taking the census, Wharton appears to have been author- ized to issue patents to landowners, as court records show a number of patents issued, bearing the date of 1 May 1671, many of which were never recorded in NewYork. On 14 June 1671 Governor Lovelace issued a blanket order that grants "now presented by Captain Carr and Mr. Wharton have patents for confirmation, upon the same terms and conditions as the rest of the planters in Delaware ~iver.""

A comparable census was made at the Whorekill (Lewes, Delaware), 8 May 1671, by Helmanus wiltbanck.l0 Wiltbanck's census showed

NYHM, General Entries, 1:278 NYHM, DDrlnrvam Papers: English, 20.

7 "Capt. Carr relates of the Desire of many Families to come &settle below New Castle at Apoquiminy & Bomboys Hook, to be Consider'd of. The most eminent among them are one Mr. Jones, Mr. Wharton, Mr. Whale. A Letter is Ordered to be wiritten to Treat with some of them about their Settlement." Pennsylvania Archives, 2d ser., 5:623 [hereafter cited as PASd] .

'Albert Cook Myers, Walter Wharfon's Land Sum9 Register (Wilmington: Historical Society of Delaware, 1955), 14-16 [hereafter cited as Wtalton] .

9 NYHM, General Entries, 1 :424. ' O W H M , Delaware Papers: English, 100.

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\->,-.:--- ~-: ~ -

I-- - purrrlsI: v.7--.------ i--..

-~OI~d~~5\,~----~ .- -.

115 :nu s1ap1;r~ U.VC~-N . - .----.

:-Tau ag JO q~ca ?.I- 5: - ----- .- - - . . ->YFI msuas ay :ic -2:--- -

- - - L::.:: ..T~ luasajd 1 .aulr 3:: : -- - -; >m aJolaq aperrr -7a.r -.:I -- - . - .-. a-.. \7ay3Elq U!ql!\\ 32!.:-: T ~ - . -

--.>-la? qs!q.\ii sSunsr[ .;.:-'--~ - - -. 2.3 swua3 S!~I 11uneanx --- - - .-.*. - - - .-anl~c eIlO, se pals![ s: 1=----.

--- - 22~2n3- palre3 s! ~OOH T-:-' . .:i?Y??Ty 'UOSSITd 2110 ':-----

rrn pagal uayo pue .'::I- - - -..- . . -.--:? - -2 2y1 y1p1 JE!I!ZU~J ua7.r: 1 r --.:---2,:s a-? ~IOJ.J .snsuas s!q a??-.:: - .--- ;- :- T.~F $mans alqe2~ru ue a:--

- \.- *:- :lax3 .[map s!q olu! o? : - -- - -. . Z 757 313-x IUOJJ SP1Oy3SllOT.: --.- -- ---->. . . _, L ,,-, uyejx 01 Su!Suolaq K.- - .

- - -.- ---- - ~t -yo @lo] E 'qxa u! uaJF.-:-- .- 2~ :.J Dloqasnoq JO spray u>..--

Wharton S Census 5

eleven heads of household at the Whorekill and listed the adults and children in each, a total of 47 persons, plus seven persons there on boats belonging to Martin Cregier and Pieter Alrichs. The census for the households from New Castle to the north, listed by Wharton, did not go into this detail. Except in New Castle itself, all of the residences were on navigable streams and it is likely that Wharton traveled by boat to make his census. From the spelling he used, it is apparent that he was not then familiar with the residents, particularly the Swedes, Finns, and Dutch, and often relied on neighbors' reports to fill out his census. Thus, Olle Pilsson, klockare (parish clerk) of the Swedish church at Crane Hook is called "Clocker Olla," while Olle Clementsson, a shoe- maker, is listed as "Olla Shoemaker."

In recreating this census below, I show first a transcription of the original listings (which generally agrees with Dr. Gehring's). Letters appearing within brackets are taken from Fernow's 1877 transcription, which was made before the 191 1 fire at the New York State Capitol. On the same line, I present my interpretation of the entry and the number assigned by the census taker. After the listing, each of the neighbor- hoods and each of the heads of household is discussed, in numerical order. Known settlers not specifically mentioned by Wharton are also noted.

TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION - No.

Matinicum [Isla] nd Matinicum Island Peter Aldricx Pieter Alrichs 1

Lass Cock

Wicka Coe Swan Swansa Olla Swansa Andrew Swansa

Moy Mansy Y Bancks

llen derson

- Molickka

Shackamaxon Lars Petersson Cock

Wicaco Sven Svensson Olof Svensson Anders Svensson

Moyamensing Anders Bengtsson 6 Olof Stille 7 Lars Andersson Collinus 8 Eric Pilsson Mullica 9

Passayrnunt Passyunk -bert Ashman Robert Ashman Thomas Jacobson Thomas Jeacox

TRANSCRIPTION

Caleb Carman William Duncke John Ashman Thomas Flayle Francis Waker Frederick Andrews Peter Ramboe

Hance Mansa Andrews Inkhorn John Boulsa John Eustace Mathias Holsten

Kincesse Jonas Neildson Peter Andrews -Sneer --+eth Dalbo - Cock ---- 0 t to - Bone

-ons Hook [And] rews Trumpeter [ I-ass] Collman [01] la Francis [ Bent] Salloon [Andr] ews Salloon [.Math] ias Matson [Hend] rick Collman

Callcons Hook Isreall Helme Hendrick Jacobson Olla Kooko John Minsterman Hance Peterson

Ammersland

Henrick Johnson Bartill Eschillson

1671 Censw of the Delaware

TRANSLATION

Caleb Carman Dunk Williamson John Ashman Thomas Flewellyn Francis Walker Frederick Anderson Peter Gunnarsson Rambo

Aronameck Hans Minsson Anders Jonsson Ekoren John Bowles/Boelsen Johan Gustafsson/Justis Matthias Classon Holstein

Kingsessing Jonas Nilsson Peter Andersson Jonas Nilsson Elisabeth Dalbo, widow Peter Larsson Cock Otto Ernest Cock Anders Svensson Bonde/Boon

Carkoens Hook Anders Andersson Homman Lars Andersson Coleman Olof Fransson Bengt Johansson Salung Anders Johansson Salung Matthias Matthiasson de Vos Hendrick Andersson Coleman

Calcon Hook Israel Akesson Helm Hendrick Jacobsson Olof Ollesson Kuckow John Minsterman Hans Petersson

Ammansland

Hendrick Johansson Bartil Eskilsson

No.

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

TR-\SSCRIPTION T RLX

Q?la Slouboe C):?{S . . ' 7hn Gilsaw 11: r ~ ? \fathias Mattison \I-.--? . --- \Itrun Martinson \Ikr:e

-:cob - T Clementson 1 ~ : : i ;.,endrick Tauta Hir .3

Tinnacum \k. .lndre\v Carr

L1.pland 5:cls Lausa 5:clds - 1Iathiasson :-.sm Benes - 7 z m c e . - L-rian - nan Keen - ~ ~ c s Sanderline \I: Lausa the Minister

Princes Dorp - - - - z o c Popagay 3 t r t r Sieldson

hlarquesse Kill zegdricke - . SIassan - ZLIS E~istason * I hn Wendrickson

\larquess Hook 11)::s Sieldson 1313 Rausa - - z;..ie Hopman i;?.~rcles Janson 2 - -;,i-il . Corhold

Trcdredens HOO* \bihacl Rongell 1713 Tocrsen -\[?: Seildon :-',f-dAcl;e Seildson

Wharton's Census

TRANSCRIPTION

Olla Slouhoe John Gilsaw Mathias Mattison Martin Martinson Jacob Clementson Hendrick Tauta

TRANSLATION

Olof Slubey Johan Grelsson Matthias Matthiasson MHrten MHrtensson Jacob Clementsson Hendrick Torton

No.

45 46 47 48 49 5 0

s o . - 12 13 14 13 16

Tinnacum Mr. Andrew Carr Hance Walter

Tinicum Island Andrew Carr Hans Walter Lk--+.: :-

* r : - . . - - -- . . . ...~- ..- L-, I,' - . c2 b:-'.-:c+ s:.c;+e: c .;-:'.. - - - ..-. ;.

r -.

1 - - 2 5 5 1 --.

Upland Upland Niels Lausa Nils Larsson Frande/Friend Nields Mathiasson Nils Mattsson Eusta Benes Gustaf Danielsson Hance Urian Hans Georgen Urian Keen Jiirgen Keen James Sanderline James Sandelands Mr. Lausa the Minister Lars Carlsson Lock, minister

c-- - - - - . . - . . \--LC 5 1 7. . - .. -, ,L;.; . - - -. .

b. .'_ _.,I

- - - . L :. . - - 'IL :.:i

- . r.5: :-I<

i*crrs I x 31.26s Boon

Princes Dorp Prin tztorp Ufroe Popagay Armegot Printz Papegoja Peter Nieldson Peter Nilsson Lyckan

Marquesse Kill Marcus Kill Hendricke Massan Hendrick Mattsson Umus Eustason Jons Gustafsson/Justis John Hendrickson Johan Hendricksson

Marquess Hook Olla Nieldson

Marcus Hook Olof Nilsson Gastenberg

Olla Rausa Hance Hopman Chareles Janson Powell Corhold

Olof Rawson Hans Hopman/Hoffman Carl Jonsson Pi1 Larsson Corvhorn

The Bought Michael Nilsson Lyckan

7 - * . * -: --... A:. 1. -_ .> - t . n Coleman

Tredredens Hoock Verdrietige Hook Michael Rongell [see above] Olla Toersen Olof Ollesson Thorsson [Ma] thas Neildon Matthias Nilsson Hendricke Neildson Hendrick Nilsson

TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION

Neilds Neilson Nils Nilssori

Skill Pott Kill Andrews Mattson Hans Petersen

Christeene Andrews urinson Jacob Vander Veere* James Mett John Stalcopp -Anderson [deleted] Mr. Teeman

Deer Point Andrews the Finn Seneca Brewer Vald Raven

Skilpot Kill Anders Mattsson Hans Peterson, Holsteiner 76

Christina Anders Joransson 77 Jacob van der Veer 78 Jons Andersson, smith 79 Johan Andersson Stalcop 80 Anders Andersson Vinam 81 Timen Stiddem, barber-surgeon 82

Deer Point Anders Andersson the Finn 83 Sinnick Broer 84 Walraven Jansen de Vos 85

Bread & Cheese Island Bread & Cheese Island Tho. Jackobson Thomas Jacobsson 86 Thomas Snelling Thomas Snelling 87 Clocker Olla Olof PHlsson, klockare 88

Swartnuten Island Swart Nutten Island Tho. Wolleston Thomas Wollaston 89 Bone Backer Dr. James Crawford 90 Garet Otta Gerrit Otto 91 Harman Otta Harman Otto 92

Feren Hook John Ericks Peter Wooley* Paules Lawson Paules Poulson Mathias Johnson Henrick Lawsa

Long Hooke Olla Shoemaker

Feren Hook Iohan Ericksson - Peter Ollesson 94 Pi1 Larsson 95 Pi1 PHlsson Mink 96 Matthias Jonsson Hutt 97 Hendrick Larsson Corvhorn 98

Long Hook Olof Clementsson, shoemaker 99

Urin Boathman Joran Joransson Bitsman 100 John Kett Jean Paul Jaquet 101 Laurence or his son Lars Cornelisson Vinam 102

Mill Dorpe Peter Clauson

Mill Torp Peter Classon

HR-\NSCRIPTION TRLK

Tnhn Tison Tohn Clauson Tohm b'illiam his [blank] \t-: c -a

Cran [e Hook] \Ions Pou[lsen] Hendricke - Qrtle the [Finn] ?ella Park- -Ericke] Mats- --

.+kell Finn &s Eskellson Smaul Peterson - :,hn Skrick 17113 Toersin 5-mon the Finn \fathias the Finn Exert the Finn

rden Hook Bran-

d e Johnson -7 Dewhit lildow Bowmer [crossed off? iilddow Sericks Rl~buloph Hance Hanceson .&ntt Johnson Hmce Miller - I hn Hulke

C -2

ZPP 2

Hc7.l Bi? 1 P e l - I Enc h

5;s; - - - - . - .'El an Johnson 51)

-5hI thias Esclesen \f2:3

i - -3 Peterson L-: zz i -+,I+- !la Toersin cb: I.:

j . - -Iizr] ret Sanderson C-A c ~ - ~ - - - --A - nce Blocke . - H 2-5

I

- - - -- A-i A - 12% - NO. -. hLS. : I-. 74

- r : I 1

m :::?s: 7. <ye Finn ck 5::~: m:. -~-.=-f:. <? 1;:s

-. - . * % .:.:-? -s-x?d 1; : 15s: 7- . .. = >,:. : - ;

~. p-. . : . I. :,:. : -<

TRANSCRIPTION

John Tison John Clauson William his [blank]

Cran [e Hook] Mons Pou [lsen] Hendricke -- Bartle the [Finn] Pella Park- [Ericke] Mats-

Askell Finn Lass Eskellson Smaul Peterson John Skrick Olla Toersin Simon the Finn Mathias the Finn Evert the Finn

rden Hook F Bran- +e Johnson - Dewhit Widow Bowmer [crossed off] Widdow Sericks Rouloph Hance Hanceson Arntt Johnson Hance Miller John Hulke

Wharton 's Census

[Uri] an Johnson [Ma] thias Esclesen -cas Peterson [ 0 ] lla Toersin [Ger] ret Sanderson [Ha] nce Blocke

TRANSLATION + Johan Classon, paerde cooper William Rainbow ?

Turkey Island Mins PAlsson

Crane Hook [see above]

Hendrick Andersson Bartil Hendricksson Parker Pelle Hendricksson Parker Eric Mattsson ?

Eskil Andersson Lars Eskilsson Samuel Petersson Johan Mattsson Skrika Lars Ollesson Thorsson Simon Johansson Matthias Bartilsson Evert Hendricksson Ek

Paerden Hook Evert Brantie Hendrick Jansen Sybrants Pieter de Witt +

Widow of Jurian Sierix Roelof Andersson Hans Hanson, miller Arent Jansen Vandenburgh Barent Hendricksen, miller Jan Hulk

Swanwyck Joran Johansson Matthias Eskilsson Lucas Petersson Olof Thorsson Gerrit Sandersen van Tie1 Hans Block

No.

104 105 106

Lj,lc?l.;' 'Z.1 :-: J 10 1671 Census ofthe Delaware

TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION No.

136 i.y;&,: [Poullis Douxen Paulus Duxon t> Uoh] n Barneson Jan Barentsen/Barnes 137 d

F . d , - ~ s C O U N T Y [Nelw Castle New Castle - *-.. - -s- I]oh]n Carr Captain John Carr 138 .- -, [Gill bart Dericke Gysbert Dircksen 139 _ - _- .*

Y

[Abr] aham the Cooper Abraham Pietersen Enloes 140 [Michi] 11 Berrown Machial Barron 141 ~-7

[.E,dmund] Cantwell Edmund Cantwell 142 -----:A,, --c? ,,\ pf++,.

, Nor4 - -2; - i

143 [Peter?] Crab Widow Gertruyd Crabbe [Derick Alberts] Dirck Albertsen 144 F H I L ~ D E L P H I . ~ -U

[Marten] Rosamond Marten Roseman, cleinsmil 145 ,--uh'TY

[Math] ias Linburgge Matthys van Linborgh 146 147

- [De] ricke Johnson Hendrick Jansen van Jever \ 5--

[Isa] cke Time Isaac Tayne L'Pierre 148 [Borr] ent Eeegbouson Baren t Egge 149 -\, 2-5- x r - 4 .% 1-4 [Math] ias De Ringe Matthias de Ring 150 [Tho.] Snerling Thomas Snelling 151 [Fop] Oudhout Foppe Jansen Outhout 152 / s 3 . =--< +L: z.6

Uohn] Erskin John Arskin 153 -- [Marti] n Garetsin Marten Gerritsen 154 %--En

James a f f o r d Dr. James Crawford 155 +- 5 --.q

William Thom William Tom 156 --- --------- , - - - - - / -:rr William --ckler William Sinclair 157 - d

Cornelius Winehard Cornelis Wynhart 158 - ;

- /

John Martinson Jan Martensen 159 i -? 1

Garrett Smith Gerrit Jansen van Beck, smith 160 C H E S T E R ; c u ~ ~ ~ Barnet Egbertson Barent Egbertsen 161 ._ ,gmr. .- Anna Peterson marryed Annetje Pieters van Couwenhoven ,-w w

- to Andrees married to Anders Stille 162

163 ;,%/--- 4, - / Hance Bones Hans Bones -.-

Evert Gerets Evert Gerritsen 164 _-, --. . Peter Alricks Pieter Alrichs 165 ,ye- --

/ A .-' - - - s z _ I -- -I!-' ,-

Notes: - L - ,.

Material in brackets borrowed from Fernow's 19th century transcrip- tion; present document is illegible in these spots due to fire damage. - 693 sr.:-- .k-ts r i Z* 3 . - * Name written in margin; placed according to contemporary land h .. r..z,.,: rAz ?'2:5 32 records.

-1: '1 ', \- S o . -

'~LX : 136 -

3 ><f : 5 5 137 *-- * - ]c ?.:. ":L-Y 138 >I- : is: 7. 139 1 F : C : ~ : : ~ : . E ~ l c , ~ ~ 140 EL: 7. . - . -

141 c - . - - L , _.. 1* . _. 142

. - --- .- - k. - -. ~ 2 5 b e 143 x r - ~ f 144 L: .* z x-- , .- ,.,-: 7 ; $ v: i :

- . 145

=: -.-.:.I r:.z 146 k - L - ~ . -

J. - .-.-.. .-.-. cxer - - 147

rf - ::f z s 148 --A

5 5 - . -

149 c= -<:.: I50 \rL - - - - . - - . -. . -

. . 151 .-.-- , ,- .- -

-. . . . - . . - . . . . . 152 k:. - 153

- . . . - . . . *- -<=- - . .

154 4 --z-s%: 1 7 z 155

X r- 156 sTL: L ~ - 157 . '- -- - --

a ~ . . _ . . 158 - -.. CT*i;- 159

t .e: ::z 3t;k. smith 160 w x ~2 f :. 161 f.~__ :t rj ; ;:. C'm:rt;r\-enho~-en

, - - .. - - "-: = - < > - . ' e 162 ,- -.< A. - 163 - - - ~- --.--:.. . ~

164 v - - < 165

-- . . . ~ . r. .. ... i - :: centun- transcrip-

5: i <_:? :o fir-e damage. . - - - - . - - . . . . - . L . . .1...; . . L8_l l . L e m p ~ r a ~ ~ land 1693 Service Area of the Swedish Log Church at MTicaco

Showing Place Names Used in This Book

New Castle Cou.rtJurisdiction 39

drd 5:s wife - h n a Henricks- h-hrcr .Xnna. He died at

son =;31 and Nils Nilsson ietl. had arrived in New . -

. r - 636 and were the origi- N I : 1 1 ~ ' 1 : 2 i Silsson moved to

nrz ?zughter of Matthias . . .

n;rz T,; sons Matthias and E r r , irrong in Swedish] . . ~z r i r .cre he died in 1683,

- * - 3; - z'rxr: Ericksson (#93)." 3 S c <:ed about 1688, sur- >c ---!. I, chiten used the alias

1-r: <:?:,ge Hook, M%arton : L-LZ 1z:o the Brandwne wk.1 ir ~ ! e mouth, on the Ic-I.. ::z83:an Hook], jointly 1 I I=T..Ls

I 11 hlrn bv Governor d z S\;--.I S~ieden in 1654.12 F -i-.!fridotter. widow of 'e r-2 .; I :a Hans Pe tersson

r z h o 1\25 brother of m ! 3 1 1, ho died in Bal-

Hans Peterson (#76), a Holsteiner born in 1631, was a soldier with the Dutch forces which vanquished New Sweden in September 1655. He remained on the Delaware and was married to Anna, Swedish. On 14 November 1668, Governor Nicolls confirmed to him the other half of Wild ~ 0 o k . I ~ He also was the operator of a gristmill on Skilpot Kill, patented 18 May 1662 by Governor Stuyvesant toJohan Stalcop (#80), Lucas Petersson (#132) and Hans Block (#135).Ib In 1671 Hans Peter- son's household included his wife Anna and sons Carl, Peter and Paul. Hans Peterson died in 1720, survived by sons Peter and Israel Peterson and daughters Magdalena and ~ n ~ e 1 k i e . l ~

Christina Christina was the neck of land between the Brandywine and Christina

Kill, the area first settled by New Sweden in 1638 and now fully encom- passed by the city of Wilmington. Wharton's survey began with two households which were actually on the north side of the Brandywine.

Anders Joransson (#77), called Andrews Urinson by Wharton, then owned the tract immediately to the west of Wild Hook and was named as abutting landowner in a patent for a 157 acre addition to Hans Pe- terson's lands on 5 November 1675." On 27 September 1672, Anders Joransson purchased part of the Deer Point plantation owned by Sin- nick Broer (#84). In 1671 he and his wife Sophia had three sons, Christiern, Joran and Jons Andersson. Two additional sons, Eric and Peter Andersson, were born before Anders Joransson's death in 1675. His widow married Broer Sinnicksson (see #84) . I 9

Jacob van der Veer (#78) owned what was described as an island "lying beyond Christeen kill" when granted a patent, 25 March 1669.~' The island was on the north side of the Brandywine, once known as Timber Island, the former residence ofJohan Rising, governor of New Sweden, 1654-1655. Sgt. Jacob van der Veer came from Manhattan to

l5 New York Patents, 3: 140; 1719 affidavit of Hans Peterson, Chew Papers, HSP, Ms 2050, Box 22.

16 Quoted in Delaware History, 6:32. l7 1693 Census, 115-17, 137. I s New York Land Papers, 3623 (56) ; W H M , Delaware Papers: English, 106. l9 1693 Ccensus, 97-98. 107, 131. 20 ~ e w ~ o r k Patents, 4: 180.

40 1671 Censlts ofthe Delaware

the Delaware before 1661 with his Swedish wife, Catharina Johansdot- ter. He was first stationed at Fort Altena (former Fort Christina). After his discharge he moved to New Amstel befor-e going to the Brandywine. By 1671 he had four sons, William, Cornelius, Johan and Jacob van der Veer. The father died in the winter of 1698-1699, survived by his four sons and several daughters."

Jijns Andersson (#79), living on the south side of Brandywine Creek, a blacksmith, must have been described to Wharton as "Jons Smed" (Jons the smith). He recorded the name as James Mett. Jons Andersson arrived in New Sweden in 1654. His wife was named Maria. He died in 1678, bequeathing his entire estate to his son-in-law, Samuel Petersson (#I 15) .'2

Johan Andersson Stalcop (#80) from Sodermanland County, Swe- den, arrived in New Sweden as a hired farm hand in 1641 and was later promoted to a gunner, causing him to select the surname Stilkofta [steel jacket in Swedish], Under Dutch rule, he assembled the lands surrounding Fort Christina between the Brandywine and Christina creeks. In 1671 he lived there with his wife Christina, daughter of Carl Johansson (#68), sons Anders, Carl, Johan, Peter and Jonas and three daughters. All were still living when Johan Andersson Stalcop died c. 1 6 8 5 . ~ ~

Anders Andersson (#81) was crossed of[ by Wharton, apparently be- cause he had already moved to Crane Hook. He was mentioned as a neighbor in van der Veer's 1669 patent and was called Anders Brain- winde [Drannvin, brandy in Swedish] when he sold his land to Robert Jones in 1 6 7 0 . ~ ~ Born in Sweden, Anders Andersson was commonly known as Anders Vinam by the Swedes and died in 1719 in Penn's Neck, Salem County, survived by his wife Anna, daughter ofJoran Joransson Bitsman (#loo) .25

21 1693 Census, 112-15. " 1693 Census, 96-97; Nao Ywk Colonial Documents, 12:339. 23 1693 Cenrus, 88,90-91. 24 See Robert Jones' patent of 6 June 1670. NewYork Patents, 3:158. Robert Jones was

not residing there in 1671. On 13 March 1670/1 he sent a letter from Virginia to Captain Carr, asking for land in association with George Whale. NYHM, Delaruare Papers: English, 20.

25 1693 Censm. 148.

Timen Stiddem ( # S 2 . i.3

colony, was the son of a 5 ~ 3 colony in 1640. In 1671 k:s E Adam and Benedict Stsdhm and ~ a ~ d a l e n a . ' ~ - l s a rc r - i ! ent dated 3 May 167 l . ' - ~ i_? : vived by his third \+ife. Ck.rs~ de Vos (#85) .28

Tb West of Christina. or. 3 % -

westward to Anders the F:I 1 October 1669 to four Er q

John Cousins and Jan BQWT velop the propert\.. . i l l i o~ . : c New Castle or nearb>-. Jan I Boyer, one of the oriqinal e his Swedish ~ i f e . ~ " a n B,:.\-er Castle, which was sold by, his Helena and their husba~dz o ried Jan Boyer's sisterJorl~.,. t of John Marshall, and Lqs 91

dersson (see #83) . 32 Roberr S a resident of Calvert Coun3- Cousins also went to Ylan-iu

26 1693 Census, 92-95: Pztcr 5 (

(Spring 1999): 2. 27 New castle Coun y dee& -4.-: '' 1693 Census, 93. " N e w ~ o r k patents, 3:152. 30 Rising? Journal, 161. 16:. 3' New Castle Couny deeG. (>I 32 NCR, 1:398. Josyn was later :ic

Semple, the third of her four !I.>'= 33 Maryland Land Patenti. ;: 34 Maryland Land Patenti. '; 7 5 3

New Castle Court Jurisdiction 4 1

&-!I i\ife. Catharina Johansdot- A f-lrmer Fort Christina). After &: .Ire going to the Brandywine. r.c::cs. Johan and Jacob van der - - I;--1 699. survived by his four

crl;r:-. side of Brandywine Creek, K = 2.1 I\harton as "Jons Smed" is 2s it111e1 llett. Jons Andersson i= -.*-IL[\ named Maria. He died in s r,r-rn-hi\-. Samuel Petersson

;c- 5': itrmanland County, Swe- k- ?.lr.d in 1641 and was later :I 5f:s ;r [he surname StHlkofta - . -- -. -:. . a.k xs assembled the lands -- L. Szzcix-\\ine and Christina

. -. . - 1 - - z ._ - 1- :r.srina. daughter of Carl

I .Y. 'erer and Jonas and three r.5:: .4rdsrsson Stalcop died c.

d ctF ?: \\harton, apparently be- t =I r, He was mentioned as a s. tr. 5 :\-a5 called Anders Brain- r t ! cz !.< sold his land to Robert sr €7; .indei-sson was commonly

. .. a,:= ,z:sd in 1719 in Penn's Neck, m L +uc~hter of Joran Joransson

Timen Stiddem (#82), former barber surgeon for the New Sweden colony, was the son of a burgher in Gothenburg and first settled in the colony in 1640. In 1671 his family included sons Lulof, Lucas, Erasmus, Adam and Benedict Stedham and daughters Ingeborg, Elisabeth, Maria and ~ a ~ d a l e n a . ~ % s a result of this census, he received a Lovelace pat- ent dated 3 May 16'71.27 Timen Stiddem died at Christina in 1686, sur- vived by his third wife, Christina Ollesdotter, widow of Walraven Jansen de Vos (#85) .28

The Soldiers' Tract West of Christina, on the north side of Christina Creek, extending

westward to Anders the Finn's Creek was a tract of land patented 1 October 1669 to four English soldiers, Robert Scott, John Marshall,

John Cousins and Jan ~ o ~ e r . ~ " ~ 1671 nothing had been done to de- velop the property. All four owners were bachelors, living at the fort in New Castle or nearby. Jan Boyer was the son of Alexander (Sander) Boyer, one of the original residents of Fort Casimir (New Castle), and his Swedish wife.30 an Boyer later acquired a lot on the Strand in New Castle, which was sold by his three daughters Elisabeth, Catharina and Helena and their husbands on 20 June 1708.~'John Marshall soon mar- riedJan Boyer's sisterJosyn, but had died by 1675 when Josyn, the widow of John Marshall, and the other three men sold the tract to Justa An- dersson (see #83) .32 Robert Scott left Delaware with John Carr and was a resident of Calvert County when granted head rights in 1 6 7 3 . ~ ~ John Cousins also went to Maryland with Captain John Carr in 1 6 7 3 . ~ ~

;em 'C: -L Patents, 3:158. RobertJones was 1 r? e 3 t a letter from Virginia to Captain c ::l-LC. .\7HAI, Delaware Papms: English,

'"693 Census, 92-95; Peter S. Craig, "Timen Stiddem," Swedish Colonial Nerus, 1/5 (Spring 1992): 2.

27 New Castle County deeds, A-1:18-19; not recorded in New York. 1693 C m u , 93.

'"ew~ork Patents, 3:152. 30 Rising's Journal, 161, 167. " New Castle County deeds, G-1265. 32 NCR, 1:398. Josyn was later identified as Jan Boyer's sister when married to William

Semple, the third of her four husbands. NCR, 1247. 33 Maryland Land Patents, 17:614. 34 ~ a r y l a n d Land Patents, 17:522; NCR, 1:62.

1671 Census of the Delawnre

Deer Point

Continuing westward along the north side of Christina Creek, Whar- ton came to a 900-acre plantation patented 1 September 1669 to Anders Andersson the Finn, Sinnick Broer and Walraven Jansen de ~ 0 s . ~ ~

Anders Andersson the Finn (#83) was sent to New Sweden with his family for punishment in 1643. A few years prior to 1669 he had moved from Upland Creek to this new location. He and his wife Christina lived here with their adlilt sons, Justa and Johan Andersson. Anders the Finn conveyed his property to these sons, 1 September 1 6 7 3 . ~ ~

Sinnick Broer (#84), a Finn, arrived in New Sweden under Dutch rule, probably in 1656, and in 1671 was residing at Deer Point with sons Anders, Broer- and Johan Sinnicksson and a daughter married to a Hol- steiner, Hendrick Jacobs, who later took the surname Falkenberg. Sin- nick Broer died in 1672.~'

Walraven Jansen de Vos (#85) was granted his discharge as a Dutch soldier in 1660. In 1671 he was married to Christina Ollesdotter, Swed- ish, and had at least five children, including sons Gisbert, Jonas and (perhaps) Hendrick, all of whom used Walraven as their surname. Walraven Jansen de Vos died at Deer Point in 1681, survived by his widow Christina, later wife of Timen Stiddem, his sons and daughters Aeltje, Maria, Anna and ~ h r i s t i n a . ~ ~

The Old Minquas Plantation This tract, lying to the west of Deer Point, had been patented to

George Whale and George Moore, 1 January 1667/8, but had not yet been settled by 1671. In 1673, the patent was held by Harman Jansen Sybrants (see #122).

Bread 8c Cheese Island This island, located at thejunction of Christina River with White Clay

Creek, was the farthest settlement from the Delaware. Here patents had been granted to Thomas Jacobsson, Olof PAlsson and Thomas Snelling, 3 August 1668 and 1 October 1669.~"

" ~ e w ~ o r k Patents. 3: 147. 36 1693 Census, 100, 109-10. 37 1693 Census, 98-99, 14647; Hendrick Jacobs and othcr adult heirs of Sinnick

Broerjoined in a deed selling Broer's land, 12 October 1672. New Castle County deeds, I-1:29-30. " 1693 Census, 90-91, 39 New York Patents, 3:135, 153.

Thomas Jacobsson =Sf# his family. In It571 h:i h Christiern Thomassor.. .i i i

Thomas Jacobsson dice 2.x Thomas Snelling =i-

Castle (see #151!. n-as 2: l l out in 1672 .~ '

Olof PPlsson ( t S 5 . 'r. : -T the Swedish church at C z r , , wife Christina, a small i c r 7; Pilsson. Olof later mc,: e.3 a slirvived by sons Paul. (3' -4

Christina and Xlaria." Th r

a Finn from Varnlland hrr Thomas Jacobsson I =ih :;

near Uplarld Creek in i fit i.

In the vicinity of Brc;'rl ;

granted patents for :::-,I rz However. fron-: i\I?i

1671. One of these trzc .;. ;..-,>i

Jansen, who had been 2 5 ::'5 in 1675 when he \\-as i:-. r -.,: ;

located next to Sit-art X..:::cn Jacob, died here in 1 t35 1. sx sons Hendrick and Pacl C k Peter PQlsson (see =SS . :*~:?! mouth of White Clax- Creek.

"O 1693Cen~uc, 38. 1 0 2 4 41 New Castle Counw d s t 5 I-:

1693Census, 1OLj. 11:-L? li 43 Johnson, Sz~~edi~h .iir;:<.--<- :: -i

4 4 ~ e e patent to Hans B:.r-i 1 i\'ollaston, John Ogle. Jar. Fc:=:c New York Patents. 3133: ;xf : r 5 (marked canceled). " PA2d. 5,441; .\7X.\I. Lh-.z. :-,I "NCR, 1:160. 163. 44-11 Lc.c=. P

N m Castle Court Jurisdiction 43

Pt

h : d s of Christina Creek, Whar- :re< 1 September 1669 to Anders 3 li-zlra\-en Jansen de ~ 0 s . ~ " ;LT t r . [ to Sew Sweden with his =-i 2nor to 1669 he had moved I F_; 2nd his wife Christina lived ?zr . t~dersson. Anders the Finn Sr :ember 1673.~" a ::. Ssi\- Sweden under Dutch rti:1!3y - at Deer Point with sons

. . E 1 1 'cauqhter - married to a Hol- >k i:t 51-irname Falkenberg. Sin-

F r . r - i his discharge as a Dutch 3 :I 1, --.- ..nstina Ollesdotter, Swed-

* . -, . . - . - - sons Gisbert, Jonas and ed iv,-,:r~l.en as their surname. k.1::. : ? i l . survived by his widow L. k:i i r n s and daughters Aeltje,

I Rmration er Fr .rt had been patented to h-l,zr. 1667 8, but had not yet r : :..t- held b\ Harman Jansen

r: bland - -.

3 4. ::r:ina River with White Clay - - - z e ~l~.i.rc;li-e. Here patents had

- - ~. n: r z-ss::,n and Thomas Snelling,

K : -5 :r-l other adult heirs of Sinnick %-- . - . :er ; 7 , 1 . 1 - Sen, Castle County deeds,

Thomas Jacobsson (#86), a Finn from Varmland, arrived in 1656 with his family. In 1671 his household included sons Peter, Olle and Christiern Thomasson. A fourth son had been kidnapped by Indians. Thomas Jacobsson died about 1680.~'

Thomas Snelling (#87), a former English soldier residing in New Castle (see #151), was an absentee owner of part of the tract and sold out in 1672.~'

Olof Passon (#88), born in Sweden, was the bell-ringer (klockare) of the Swedish church at Crane Hook. In 1671 his household included his wife Christina, a small son Paul and his brothers Gustaf, Bengt and Peter PHlsson. Olof later moved to Feren Hook, where he died about 1695, survived by sons Paul, Olof and Peter Paulson and daughters Brita, Christina and aria.^' The PHlsson brothers were sons of PHI Persson, a Finn from Varmland who came to America on the same ship as Thomas Jacobsson (#86) in 1656 with his wife and family and who lived near Upland Creek in 1 6 6 3 . ~ ~

In the vicinity of Bread and Cheese Island, Governor Nicolls had granted patents for two tracts in August 1668 to residents of New

However, from Wharton's census, neither one was occupied in 1671. One of these tracts would soon be owned and developed by Jacob Jansen, who had been a soldier at Fort Amstel in 1660 and was an ensign in 1675 when he was shown as owner of the tract of Hans Bones (#163) located next to Swart Nutten ~ s l a n d . ~ ~ ~ a c o b n an sen, also known as Swart Jacob, died here in 1681, survived by his wife Elisabeth Hendricks, her sons Hendrick and Paul Gerritsen and his own daughter Geizie, wife of Peter PHlsson (see #88), who jointly inherited the 200-acre tract at the mouth of White Clay reek.^"

40 1693 Census, 58, 102-4. 41 New Castle County deeds, I-1:29-30. 42 1693 Census, 1045 , 125-26, 128-29. 43 ~ o h n s o n , .Sw~dish Settlements, 725; NYHM, Delarual-e Papers: Dutch, 320. 4 4 ~ e e patent to Hans Bones, 1 August 1668, New York Patents, 3:132; to Thomas

Wollaston, John Ogle, Jan Hendricksen and Harman Jansen [Sybrants], 1 August 1668, New York Patents, 3:133; and to Hans Block, 3 August 1668, New York Patents, 3:136 (marked canceled).

' " ~ 2 d , 5,441; NYHM, Delawar~Papers:English, 88,91; Wharton, 3E-37; NCR, 1:466-67. '"cR, 1:160, 163, 494; Logan Papers, HSP, 16:30.

1671 Census of the Delaware

Swart Nutten Island Swart Nutten [black walnut] Island, on the south side of Christina

River, was Wharton's next stop as he began his downstream journey. Nicolls had issued a patent 19 January 1667,'s to four men who still owned the tract in 1 6 7 1 . ~ ~

Thomas Wollaston (#89) had been with the British forces under Robert Carr which captured the New Amstel colony in 1664. He was still single in 1671 and probably living in New Castle at the time. By 1680 he had married and by his wife Martha had two daughters. Thomas Wol- laston died at White Clay Creek in 1705, survived by four sons, Thomas, William, Richard and Jeremiah ~ o l l a s t o n . ~ ~

Dr. James Crawford (#go), here called "Bone Backer" by Wharton, was also an absentee landlord living in New Castle (see #155). The name of his tenant was not given by Wharton.

Gerrit Otto (#91) from the Netherlands, came to the New Amstel colony in 1661. His household in 1671 included three sons, Otto, Walraven and Jan Otto. By 1678 he remarried Geertie, widow of An- dries Hudden and Cornelis Jorisen. Gerrit Otto served as ajustice on the New Castle Court from 1676 to 1682 and died in 1 6 8 4 . ~ ~

Harman Otto (#92) accompanied his brother to America in 1661. This census is the last mention of his name. He apparently died without issue shortly thereafter.50

Between Swart Nutten Island and Feren Hook, on the south side of Christina Creek, Nicolls had also granted a patent on 1 January 1667/8 to John Arskin, Thomas Brown and Marten err its en.^' Wharton re- cords nobody living at this location in his census. Arskin and Gerritsen in 1671 were residents of New Castle. Thomas Brown, an Englishman who had married a Dutch wife and was one of the original residents of Fort ~ a s i m i r , ' ~ was probably dead by May 1671.

" ~ e w ~ o r k Patents, 3:12l. 4 8 ~ ' i l l of Ralph Hutchinson, 16 February 1679/80, New Castle wills, k63 ; administra-

tion of Thomas U'ollaston estate, New Castle wills, B:99-100, 11%14; Herbert Standing, "Q~~akers in Delaware," Delaware H i r t q , 20:137.

49 ela aware ~ i s t q , 8:311; PA2d, 19:lO; NCR, 1:3, 250, 299; 2:12,37,91-92,94, 109, 124, 172.

"Delaware Histmy, 8:311. His name did not appear in New Castle court records, which sulvive from the year 1676.

5' New York Patents. 3:118. 52 NYHM, Delaware Papers: Dutch, passim.; Rxing's Journal, 161, 167.

Feren Hook, meanin: a 1663 by Swedes and Fin:+ ;

Oslo), Norway, and .lm+:trt Johan Ericksson I =G3 :3,

patent, 24 March 1 b65 ' =' dalena and daughter-. E-:r L where he died in 1 ti$ 1. sun:i and ~ a t h a r i n a . ~ '

Peter Ollesson ( 4 4 rc._l from Uppland Prolincr. 5.. c rule by way of Noncay anlc 4 on Christina Creek un dl there in 1691, sunil-ed b\- .j daughters Brita, Gertrude 4

P a Larsson (#93 I alx- ret:

lived here with his ~ \ i f e \!% thias Larsson and dau~T.:~r 1692.~"

PA1 PIlsson Mink I -";6 a was born in Sweden an- :a Penn's Neck where he d:cd Olle (William) ink.^'

Matthias Jonsson Hun * the others," moved in f,!

33 Johnson, Swedish fi 54 - - New York Patents. 3: ; 4: "" 1693 Census, 113. 36 - - NewYork Pateno. 3:i42 "' 1693 Census, 1. 1 3.:':- i

Peterson, Albert Cook \[\-ex-: c r ::*: Pa.

58 NelvYork Pateno. 3.144 59 1693 Census, 12~Q29 "sew ~ o r k Patenu. 3: i 43

" 1693 Census, 111. 62 New York Patents. 3:143

Nau Castle Court Jurisdiction 45

Lsland . ~ r . the south side of Christina b e a n his downstream journey. . - -- v - 9 9 , 8 to four men who still

I -;'h the British forces under m-:cl colony in 1664. He was still m- Cst le at the time. By 1680 he ~d 7,-o daughters. Thomas Wol- ;. sunix-ed bv four sons, Thomas,

I. LDT.

k6 -Bone Backer" by Wharton, ir-..- Castle (see #155). The name 1.

k--<i. came to the New Amstel -- 7

2 . . :zcluded three sons, Otto, =,-- ,-.-. = -- . isd Geertie, widow of An-

*-I Otto served as ajustice on 651 2nd died in 1684.~" ZLT irrlther to America in 1661. errs He apparently died without

n -.r, Hook, on the south side of m: a p t e n t on 1 January 1667/8 Lc:rn erri its en.^' Wharton re- h i ccnsus. Arskin and Gerritsen T -. r , m s Brown, an Englishman r . 17. s ,c,f rhe original residents of # f ~ . . : ct; 1 ,

5 %. %ex, Gstle wills, A63; administra- h. 5 I.-!C)O. 113-14; Herbert Standing,

3 2. LW: ?12, 37,91-92,94, 109, 124,

az- 1.7 Sew Castle court records, which

Feren Hook

Feren Hook, meaning Pine Hook, appears to have been settled in 1663 by Swedes and Finns arriving from Sweden via Christiania (now Oslo), Norway, and Amsterdam in the time of d ' ~ i n o j o s s a . ~ ~

Johan Ericksson (#93) had his ownership confirmed by an English patent, 24 March 1 6 6 8 / 9 . ~ ~ In 1671 his family included his wife Mag- dalena and daughters. He later moved to Penn's Neck, Salem County, where he died in 1681, survived by four daughters, Brita, Walborg, Anna and ~ a t h a r i n a . ~ ~

Peter Ollesson (#94) received his patent on the same day.5% Finn from Uppland Province, Sweden, he arrived in New Amstel under Dutch rule by way of Norway and Amsterdam with a wife and family and lived on Christina Creek until 1676 when he moved to Penn's Neck. He died there in 1691, survived by sons Olle, Lasse and Hendrick Petersson and daughters Brita, Gertrude, Catharine and ~ a ~ d a l e n a . ~ ~

Pil Larsson (#95) also received his patent on 24 March 1668/9.~' He lived here with his wife Magdalena, sons Lars Pilsson Kampe and Mat- thias Larsson and daughters. He died in Cecil County, Maryland, in 1 692.59

Pil Pilsson Mink (#96), also holding a patent issued the same date,60 was born in Sweden and later moved with Johan Ericksson (#93) to Penn's Neck where he died in 1696, survived by sons Johan, Paul and Olle (William) ink.^'

Matthias Jonsson Hutt (#97), who received a patent the same day as the others,"' moved in 1679 to Penn's Neck where he died in 1685,

53 ~ohnson , Swedish Settlements, 65652, 667. 54 New York Patents, 3: 141. 55 1693 Census, 143. 56 New York Patents, 3: 142. 57 1693 Census, 8681, 13940; abstract of 1740 affidavit by eldest son, William (Olle)

Peterson, Albert Cook Myers collection, Chester County Historical Society, West Chester, Pa.

5s New York Patents, 3: 144. 59 1693 Census, 128-29. " ~ e w ~ o r k Patents, 3:143. " 1693 Census, 144. 6" New York Patents, 3:143.

46 1671 Census ofthe Delaware

survived by sons Olle, Hendrick, Michael, Eric and Eskil Johnson and four daughters."

Hendrick Larsson (#98), named erroneously as Hendrick Claesen in his 1669 patent,"was the brother of Pi1 Larsson of Marcus Hook (#68) and also occasionally called Corvhorn [sausage horn in Swedish]. He moved to Verdrietige Hook by 1677 and had one known son, Lars Hen- dricksson .65

Long Hook Immediately downstream from Feren Hook and opposite Christina

was an area known as Long Hook. Olof Clementsson (#99), brother ofJacob Clementsson (#49), was a

shoemaker and so named by Wharton. Born in Sweden, he laterjoined his brother at Verdrietige Hook where he died without issue about 1683."

Joran Joransson Bitsman (#loo), a Finn from Varmland, came to New Sweden in 1656 as a bachelor and died at Long Hook in 1690, survived by his wife Brita and children Joran, Hendrick, Anna and Elisa- beth." Nicolls' confirmatory patents to Olof Clementsson and Jijran Joransson, 24 March 1668/9, erroneously named their land as being on Feren Hook and also gave Olof the wrong atronymic. It was corrected by a later patent dated 3 November 1669. tig

Jean Paul Jaquet (#101), named John Kett by Wharton, received con- firmation for his land from Nicolls on 26 March 1669." Of French extraction, he served as Stuyvesant's vice-governor on the Delaware, 1655-1657, and then moved to Long Hook, where he died in 1685. He was survived by three sons, Peter, John and ~ a u l ~ a ~ u e t . ~ '

Lars Cornelisson Vinam (#102), also known as Lasse Wayman, was named as a neighbor of Peter Classon (#103) in Classon's 1669 patent. Wharton had difficulty understanding Lars' patronymic, hearing it as

'9 693 Census, 148-49. 64 New York Patents, 3: 142. 65 1693 Census, 132-33. " I693 Census, 1 10- 1 1. " 1693 Census, 130-31. m ~ e w ~ o r k Patents, 3:141, 144, 156. 69 New York Patents, 4:183. 70 Ruth L. Springer, Delaruare Histmy, 6233-37 (1955); New York Colonial Documents,

12117, 219; NCR, 294, 105, 109, 112.

1 "or his son." Lars soor, TI!

I *h <,yr' where he died by 16; 1.

Lars Corneliuson a l i ~ \-:r,a by 1671 .7'

I

Mill Torp, knot\-n ai -22 settled by C1aesJohan-s.r x 1

died by the time the Er.:::s On 5 November ItjAcl. ~ i t r . l l Classon (#103) ." Petsr 5; Swaentie and sons Peter ;t .(

Wharton's e n t n of -Jc.f 7 If there was a John Tiicln c .-

discovered reference tc~ h. .d Johan Classon (+lo3 . - e

Paerde Cooper [horse m r k then to Neshamin~. Creek. .*

r ; 1~9 Derrick and John Joh ... Gertrude, Elisabeth and Cai been born by 1671 ."

Christiern Classon. n.r: Itr

a third brother occup~tr ; -- ! moved to Tacony by 16:- '

Wharton's entry. -1i::::;il erence to William Rainboy Sybrants on the latter's (3ld half of that tract by its ,:,:*T

October 1685 when adrrln granted to John 1\-ilkins,:.r.

i I 1693 Censlu, 149-5l:l.

;'New York Patents. 3::33 i 3 1693 Censw, 122. 74 -- 1693 Census, 34-35. '" 1693 C m l u , 32. 76

1 -- NCR, 1:160, 17.333: Sc.- C i , , New Castle Couno 5, iXi . .; f.5

N m Castle Court Jurisdiction 47

at: . Eric and Eskil Johnson and

o~eouslx as Hendrick Claesen in 1 LLrsson of Marcus Hook (#68) :.~:i>age horn in Swedish]. He i ?ad one known son, Lars Hen-

di r. Hook and opposite Christina

Jtcclh Clementsson (#49), was a E15m in Sweden, he laterjoined x F.e died without issue about

F l . 2 trom Varmland, came to n c died at Long Hook in 1690, 6 n n . Hendrick, Anna and Elisa- .c. O:c : l f Clementsson and Joran 5:: rsmed their land as being on 4r.i ?atronymic. It was corrected - - 3"' -'-

R i.e tr hv \\'harton, received con- n 26 \larch 1669." Of French &. e3nvernor on the Delaware, k ~ l r . \\-here he died in 1685. He =-ti ~ a u l ~ a ~ u e t . ~ ' c hc , i in as Lasse Wayman, was

- 7 - - * - > in Classon's 1669 patent. L r s ' patronymic, hearing it as

"or his son." Lars soon moved to Christina and then to Penn's Neck where he died by 1686, survived by his wife Brita and sons Michael and Lars Corneliuson alias Vinam [later Vining], both of whom were born by 1671."

Mill Torp

Mill Torp, known as "Claes' land" in New Sweden records, was first settled by Claes Johansson who arrived in the colony in 1638, but had died by the time the English gained control of the Delaware in 1664. On 5 November 1669, Nicolls confirmed his tract to his eldest son, Peter Classon (#103) .72 Peter died at Mill Torp b 1682, survived by his wife Swaentie and sons Peter ancl Jacob Classon. T 3

Wharton's entry of "John Tison" as #lo4 has not yet been identified. If there was a John Tison orJan Thysen on the Delaware, this is the only discovered reference to him.

Johan Classon (#105), Peter's younger brother, also known as Johan Paerde Cooper [horse trader in Dutch], later moved to Passyunk and then to Neshaminy Creek, where he died c. 1685, survived by sons Clas, Derrick and John Johnson and daughters Anna, Hasin, Henrietta, Gertrude, Elisabeth and Catharina. At least four of these children had been born by 1671.'"

Christiern Classon, not otherwise listed in this census, may have been a third brother occupyin Mill Torp. He was single in 1671, but had

$5 moved to Tacony by 1677. Wharton's entry, "William his [blank]" (#106) appears to be a ref-

erence to William Rainbow, who later worked for Harman Jansen Sybrants on the latter's Old Minquas Plantation and was deeded one- half of that tract by its owner on 2 December 1679.~%e died by 21 October 1685 when administration of William Rainbow's estate was granted to John Wilkinson, who had married Rainbow's widow.77

,,- - 5 7 7 : : -Val~ York Cohlal Documents,

1693 Census, 149-50. "New York Patents, 3:155. '3 1693 Cemus, 122. 74 1693 Census, 54-55. j5 1693 Cemus, 52. ' 6 ~ ~ ~ , 1:160, 177, 353; New Castle County deeds, A-1:47. 77 New Castle County wills, A:68.

48 1671 Census of the Delaware

Turkey Island Turkey Island, combined by Wharton with Crane Hook, was at the

mouth of the Christina, immediately downstream from Mill Torp. It was also called Mons Poulson's Island after its owner.

M b s Pdsson (#107), a Finn born in Sweden in 1610, arrived with his wife and young children in 1654. By 1671 his first wife had died and he had remarried Elisabeth Pilsdotter and had additional children by her. He died a t Verdrietige Hook in 1682 survived by two children by his first marriage (Pi1 Minsson and Margaret Minsdotter) and two sons by his second marriage (Peter and Johan inss son) .78

Crane Hook In 1662, Alexander d'Hinojossa, Governor of New Amstel, invited

discontented Finns, living north of Christina Creek within the jurisdic- tion of the Upland Court, to move to Crane Hook to set up their own quasi-independent ~ettlement.~" number of families agreed.

Hendrick Andersson (#108), a Finnish blacksmith, arrived in New Sweden in 1654. He died c. 1694 at Crane Hook, survived by his wife Margaret, a son Jacob Hendricksson and a daughter ~ l i sabe th .~ '

Bartil Hendricksson (#log) alias Bartil Parker, born in Sweden, moved by 1661 to the Sassafras River in Maryland, where he patented a tract called "None So Good in Finland." He sold this tract in 1669 to join his brother Peter at Crane Hook. He returned to Cecil County, Maryland, in 1674 to acquire "Indian Range," dying in 1682, survived by his wife Margaret and sons Matthias, Hendrick and Bartholomew endr ricks on."

Peter Hendricksson (#110) alias Pelle Parker, born in Sweden, moved to Wild Hook about 1674 to share that tract with Hans Peters- son. He died there in 1684, survived by his wife Christina and eight children, including sons Hendrick and Matthias Petersson alias

7s 1693 Census, 11 7-19. 79 W H M , Delaware Papers: Dutch, 283; Jeannette Eckman, Craw Hook on the Delaware, 28

(1957). 1693 C m w , 122-23.

" Maryland Land Patents, 4:552; 7:216; Robert Barnes, Bal t ime County Land Records, 1665-1687, 11; Cecil County deeds, 129-30; will of Bartholomew Hendrickson, Septem- ber 1682, Box H, folder 64, Hall of Records, Annapolis; Cecil County Orphans Court Bonds, 42; Cecil County Inventories, 1:7-8.

~arker.** His widow h e r XL

Sweden soldier C o n s ~ n r i : Germany, and had f o x 11 Maria and Augustine C.c.r.sc

Eric Mattsson (#I1 1 . 3

1656. Prior to moving :i Cr Creek named Eric >la;>so survived by his I\-ife .k-z a and Eric Ericksson. The ;\;& who was probably a re:' . i G t . . i

Wharton's e n t n for =1 . 2 left blank. The person. i- 3

Anders Andersson \inam a from Christina.

Eskil Andersson i P 1 1 3 3

and was still living in 16 42. dren.*"

Lars Eskilsson (#I1 4 . .u;

the house of his brother \h Samuel Petersson = l I 5 .

New Sweden in 1634. In : -7- plantation ofJohan -1nce5n by his wife BritaJonsdo~rcr. era1 daughter^.^'

Johan Mattsson Skrilra * 1654. He died at Crane Hrr thias, Johan, Thomas and 76 of Matson and Skrilia ax.? r

Lars Ollesson Thorsson to New Sweden with his f:+ dotter, sister ofJacob C ; c ~ e

R21693~ensus , 102, 113. 12- s3 1693 Census, 101-2. 84 1693 Census, 133-34.

1693 Census, 134. NYHM, Delaware Papm: E r+s

" 1693 C e n ~ m , 95-97, 1693 C m w , 125.

New Castle Court Jurisdiction 49

ad

In 1.1th Crane Hook, was at the wt-rream from Mill Torp. It was i~ r.i\-ner. n S;,eden in 1610, arrived with ! f T! his first wife had died and

arc had additional children by - - ~2 snm\ed by two children by F a r e [ Slansdotter) and two sons LL \ Ix~sson) . 58

+re.Tor of New Amstel, invited 6-73 Creek within the jurisdic- 1 ~ r . e Hook to set up their own .hsr ot families agreed. Gk '?lacksmith, arrived in New z s Hook, survived by his wife d ,daughter ~lisabeth." 2-2: Parker, born in Sweden, \127!and. where he patented a

L - He sold this tract in 1669 to i! e re turned to Cecil County,

+:bee." d!ing in 1682, survived r fiendrick and Bartholomew

'c r Parker, born in Sweden, rr.: rhat tract with Hans Peters- >\ +.IS 1%-ife Christina and eight LT. d \la tthias Petersson alias

parker.$* His widow then married Conrad Constantine. son of the New Sweden soldier Constantinus Gronberg from Mark Brandenburg, Germany, and had four additional children, Constantine, Christina, Maria and Augustine on st an tine.^^

Eric Mattsson (#1 l l ) , a Finn from Varmland, Sweden. arrived in 1656. Prior to moving to Crane Hook, he lived on a branch of Skilpot Creek named Eric Mattsson's Run after him. He died before 1677, survived by his wife Anna and five children, including sons AMatthias and Eric Ericksson. The widow Anna then married Hendrick Lemmens, who was probably a resident in the area in 1 6 7 1 . ~ ~

Wharton's entry for #I12 is missing from the document or else was left blank. The person, if any, named is not known. It was probably Anders Andersson Vinam (#81) who had recently moved to Crane Hook from Christina.

Eskil Andersson (#113), a Finn born in Sweden, had arrived by 1657 and was still living in 1693. It is unknown if he married o r had chil- dren.85

Lars Eskilsson (#114), was murdered by William Sinclair (#157) at the house of his brother Matthias Eskilsson (#131), 9 March 1671/2.~'

Samuel Petersson (#115), a Finn from Varmland, Sweden, arrived in New Sweden in 1654. In 1674 he acquired a 1/4 interest in the Christina plantation ofJohan Andersson Stalcop (#SO). He died in 1689, survived by his wife Brita onsdotter, sons Matthias and Peter Peterson and sev- eral daughters.' ?

Johan Mattsson Skrika (#116) arrived in New Sweden as a soldier in 1654. He died at Crane Hook about 1691 survived by four sons (Mat- thias, Johan, Thomas and Joran, who alternated between the surname of Matson and Skrika) and two daughters (Anna and Maria) ."

Lars Ollesson Thorsson (#117), son of Olof Thorsson (#133), came to New Sweden with his father in 1640 and married Annika Clements- dotter, sister of Jacob Clementsson (#49) and Olle Clementsson (#99).

E r +-:zn C r a m Hook on the Delawa~e, 28

r % ~ . e i . Baltimure County Land Records, x %-1qolomew Hendrickson, Septem- G?L LT Cecil County Orphans Court

1693 Census, 102, 115, 127. 83 1693 Census, 101-2. 84 1693 Census, 133-34. 85 1693 Census, 134.

NSHM, Delawa~e Papers: English, 34-38. 87 1693 Census, 95-97. '"693 Census, 125.

50 1671 Cmsm of the Delaware

By 1675 he had moved to Verdrietige Hook, where he died in 1684. He was survived by his wife, three sons (Matthias, Lars and Jacob Tussey) and at least two daughters (Margaret and ~ l l e n ) .8"

Simon Johansson (#1 l a ) , a Finn, arrived in New Sweden as a soldier in 1654. In 1683 he moved with his wife Anna to the Head of Elk in Cecil County, Maryland, where he died after 1700, survived by sons Simon, Biirtil and Johan Johnson and at least one daughter, ~ a r ~ a r e t . "

Matthias Bartilsson (#119), a Finn, and his neighbor Simon Johansson secured a Lovelace patent for their land, 29 July 1669." Matthias moved to Finn's Point in Penn's Neck by the close of 1671. He died about 1680, survived by his wife Anna Hendricksdotter and five daughtersg2

Also moving to Finn's Point in 1671 were three other Finns not named in Wharton's census: Eric Joransson (who had been fined in the 1669 Long Finn Rebellion), his brother Staffan Joransson (who had married Christina Hendricksdotter in 1670) and his brother-in-law Lars end ricks son.^^

Evert Hendricksson Ek (#120), a Finn, came to New Sweden in 1641 as a farm hand, married in the colony and then was laterjoined by his first wife and son Hendrick Evertsson. Evert died by 1683 when his son was shown as owner of his lands.g4

Paerden Hook Paerden Hook and Swanwyck, lying along the west bank of the Dela-

ware, were treated as one by Wharton. More accurately, they were two separate communities. Paerden Hook [horses' hook in Dutch] was the area extending from Badstu creek [sauna creek], the southern bound- ary of Crane Hook, to Jan Landemakers Hook, the boundary between Paerden Hook and ~ w a n w y c k . ~ ~

Evert Brantie (#121) appears to be the name entered by Wharton as the first resident of Paerden Hook, although no patent has been found for him. Evert was described as "old" and a veteran soldier in February

" 1693 Census, 150-51. He is there also named father of Olle Thorsson of Penn's Neck, which is incorrect. Olle was the son of Olof Ollesson Thorsson (#71). " 1693 Census, 127-28. " NewYork Patents, 4:191. '' 1693 Census, 152-53. '3 1693 Census, 152-54. '4 1693 Census, 137-38. 'h. R. Dunlap, Dutch and Swedish Place-Names in Delaware, 16, 39, 46-48, 54.

1679/80 when he souzt: rr; munition.""~t is likelv 2-12; 34 from the Sybrants fami:: la men, Germany, had bee: :n 1655 when he signed ~ $ e :a

Hendrick Jansen Syb-brant which had been patentee : I . i The father being decease < r? of household. Also calie,5 3 ried Carin, widow o f J6 r~n <I

were other children or Jz. brants, who wrote his \ , i i : . : wife Bilchy and daugh trrs .-.n died at Swanwyck in 1695: '? his father's land in 165:: ' 1676.'03

Pieter de Witt (#I27 . P'hx until his death in 1653 HG administration was gra:?re'3 r his eldest daughter. Peter': Teunis de witt.I0"

Eremyntie, wide\\- clf Juri here with their sons Johr-, 2-1 Grietje). Upon her deak . d who never paid for it.: '

Roelof Anderson = i 2 3 . Pietersen and her sister E l l s mother, who was murdered t Roelof Anderson had rP.1.T 3

'%cR, 1:385. 97 NYHM, Delazuare Pnp tn Lb:r - -- 'a New York Patents. 3: 14h. "NCR, 1:180,402, 40&;-1*:. 4;;.

loo New Castle Coun ? !\i!li. -1-4 lo' New Castle Coun? wi!lr. 5 ST '''New Castle Coun? deeG %:

Io3 NCR, 1:32-33. Io4 Castle County wills. .k51 'O%CR, 1:58, 159, 235-5; Z 12.

N m Castb Court Jurisdiction 3 1

:c~trlk. \$-here he died in 1684. He a:vAias. Lars and Jacob Tussey) IC Ellen) .8"

ired in Sew Sweden as a soldier .%-.na to the Head of Elk in Cecil

- - - L 1.rr:l. survived by sons Simon, me daughter, ~ a r ~ a r e t . ~ ' d his neighbor Simon Johansson : "July 1669." Matthias moved M cc,f 1671. He died about 1680, cr m d five d a ~ ~ h ~ e r s . ~ ' 71 ;,ere three other Finns not Bon \r-ho had been fined in the cr Staffan Joransson (who had n . '.I and his brother-in-law Lars

s. cxme to New Sweden in 1641 L-.., [hen was later joined by his Exer: died by 1683 when his son

PO%

rr n g the west bank of the Dela- 51 3re accurately, they were two > )r!es' hook in Dutch] was the K creek], the southern bound- I- Hook. the boundary between

n+ r.ame entered by Wharton as C I L Z : ~ no patent has been found 2 c 2 isteran soldier in February

%--;- L -.-. of Olle Thorsson of Penn's Neck, - K r A n o r s o n (#71).

1679/80 when he sought pay for his services caring for arms and am- munition."" is likely that he was rentingland at Paerden Hook in 1671 from the Sybrants family. Jan Sybrantsen, alias Jan Eckhoff. from Bre- men, Germany, had been in the New Castle area as early as 1 October 1655 when he signed the oath of allegiance to the ~ u t c h . "

Hendrick Jansen Sybrants (#122) occupied land at Paerden Hook which had been patented to his father, Jan Sybrantsen, 26 March 1 668.i' The father being deceased by 167 1, Hendrick Jansen was listed as head of household. Also called Hendrick Jansen van Bremen, he later mar- ried Carin, widow of Jijran Johansson (#130) .99 Also living on the tract were other children of Jan Sybrantsen, including Harman Jansen Sy- brants, who wrote his will at Paerden Hook on 1 A ril 1684 naming his wife Bilchy and daughters Annika and Catharina;"'Sybrant Jamen, who died at Swanwyck in 1695;"" j an an sen Sybrants, who sold his share of his father's land in 1687;lo2 and Tryntie Jans, who was still a minor in 1676.''"

Pieter de Witt (#123), Dutch, remained a resident of Paerden Hook until his death in 1683. His wife Annetje also dying soon thereafter, administration was granted to John Jaquet (see #101) who had married his eldest daughter. Peter's will of 26 September 1683 also named a son Teunis de witt.lo4

Eremyntie, widow of Jurian Siericks (#124) from Holstein, resided here with their sons John and Jurian Siericks and daughters (including Grietje). Upon her death, their land was sold to William Tom (#156), who never paid for it.lo5

Roelof Anderson (#125), his wife Hilitje Pieters, her brother Adam Pietersen and her sister Elisabeth Pieters shared a plantation with their mother, who was murdered by Indians later in the year. By August 1671, Roelof Anderson had moved with John Siericks (see #124), and Adam

" NCR, 1:385. 95 NYHM, Delau~are Papers: Dutch, 47.

New York Patents, 3:146. " NCR, 1:180, 402, 40a10, 414; 2166. '''New Castle County wills, A:74, 93. lo' New Castle County wills, B:37-38. '02 ~ e w Castle County deeds, B-1:34-35. 103 NCR, 1:32-33. Io4 Castle County wills, A:64. lo5 NCR, 1 :58, 159, 255-57; 2: 12, 33.

52 1671 Censw of the Delaware

Pietersen to Appoquinimink Creek, where Roelof died childless about 1695. His widow married Isaac ~i~oreau. 'O '

Hans Hanson (#126), a miller, was living at Paerden Hook as early as 1666 when he was listed as a neighbor ofArentJansen (#127). Hejoined the exodus to Appoquinimink Creek where he received a patent, 26 February 1671/2. He died in 1696, survived by sons Peter, Hans, Joseph and Henry Hanson and a daughter ~ n n . lo7

The tract occupied by Arent Jansen Vandenburgh (#127) had been patented by d '~inojossa to ~ n d i r ~ Mattsson (#'75) , 2 0 September 1664, when the tract was described as being bound by Jan Eckhoff on the northeast and by Gerrit Sandersen on the southwest.108 On 6 June 1666 Arent Jansen agreed to purchase the land, then described as being bound by Barent the miller and Hans the miller. A confirming deed was given to Arent Jansen by Anders Mattsson's widow, 12 June 1 673.I0%n 1 March 1674/5 Arent Vandenburgh sold the Paerden Hook tract to Pieter de Witt (#123) and acquired a one-third interest in the lands at Bread and Cheese 1sland.l ' O ~ h e will of Aaron Johnson included a codi- cil of 28 November 1701 devising all of his estate to Holy Trinity Church at Christina after the decease of his wife, ~ a r b a r a ~arnes."'

Barent Hendricksen (#128), a miller, was erroneously named Hans the miller by Wharton. Barent the miller lived adjacent to Arent Jansen in 1666. In 16'72 he moved to Appoquinimink Creek. He was already in possession of that land when Lovelace issued his patent, 14 August 16'71 ."2 On 19 October 1676, his widow Wybregh Jans, born in Dith- marshen, Holstein, entered into a matrimonial contract with Jan Siericks (see #124), born in Holstein, for the protection of the interests of Barent Hendricks' four children, Annetje, Agnietje, Paul and Styntjen Barents. After Jan Siericks died in 1678, she married John

l o 6 ~ e w York Patents, 3:181, New Castle County deeds, A-1:23, 184-85; C-1:lll-14; K-1:263; PA2d, 19:221-22; Philadelphia wills, B:279 #105.

107 DelawareHistoly, 6:36; New Castle County deeds, A-1 :26-27; New Castle Countywills, B:62-65; Baldwin Ma~dl, Hans Hanson ofRed Lyon Hundred (Princeton, NJ, 1978).

lo' Delaruare Hirtmy, 635-36. 'O%elaruare Hirtmy, 6:36-37, 39.

l o ~elaruare Histmy, 6:41; Wharton, 36-37; Andros patent of 17 November 1679 at Historical Society of Delaware, Wilmington; Logan Papers, Historical Society of Pennsyl- vania, 16:27r, 32.

' ' I New Castle County wills, B:131-33. I l 2 ~ e w Y o r k Patents, 3:180.

\\'alker. Wybregh died 17. It dricks in the 167 1 c e n s ~ s 1.2

patent of 25 March 166'3 d m and Jan ~ u l c k e . '

Jan Hulk (#I29 1 remnr;t \\-hen he testified tha: :Ye formerly belonged to Jzr f

Swanwyck, meaning S;x-r.7 in 1633 by a group o i 5:cci the protection of Stui7-e<a Castle). Other S~sedss 3 .A

captured Fort Casimir :- l b Joran Johansson , =: 3,:

3 -August 1668. confimrn, h located bet~veen Jan Ls: ?efi :-"131). X second pate:.: i: r i 24 March 1668 9. : : -J i ,zz 1634 as a freeman. He i:fi married to Hendrick J ~ r s t r spoiling the lands. The :r. 5 to payJoran's orphan il-.:: 5- t

Matthias Eskilsson =:?I as early as 1634."' His Fzrmr Governor 1-icolls. 3 .-\-~--ir 1 1672 he appeared in c,: -.:rr. his brother Lars Erki:sir r died before 4 SeptemStr 16 son. 17, andJohan \larf--:~-.s

,.> - . ' sCR 1:23>37. 2 5 2 . 'r.% & ::4 ..- Selr-York P a t e n ~ . 1 : 5 1 - -'SCR 2:166. . . . . ." SelcYork Paten=. 3: : <f 1 :- - - 1693 Censw. 131: L-CX. 15: 1 - . - . . ' ~ o n ~ h and \-on EL-7.: r i . I: ::

S:ocAholrn. ...

-*SelcYork Paten2. 3 : 5 - ' 4. .-. .\131-11. Ddaa arf PC:< E-.,-=

N m Castle Court Jurisdiction 5 3

ere Roelof died childless about - 1. '

ine at Paerden Hook as early as .&n t~ansen (#127). He joined it..sss he received a patent, 26 w d . - bv sons Peter, Hans, Joseph I .

Fandenburgh (#127) had been sslsn , = 7 3 ) , 20 September 1664, b-sund by Jan Eckhoff on the le s $ s u t h \ \ - e ~ t . ' ~ ~ ~ n 6 June 1666 L y e . then described as being e xi11er. -4 confirming deed was ,n's ;\!do\\-: 12 June 1673.I0%n oiC ihs Paerden Hook tract to nt-f-.:rd interest in the lands at k - r ~ z J o h n s o n included a codi- .k c s r t e to Holy Trinity Church t. 3xriara ~ames." ' -. - . c s erroneously named Hans r L; cd adjacent to Arent Jansen h m l ; CI-eek. He was already in t .isued his patent, 14 August + I\-\-bregh Jans, born in Dith- R -nmonial contract with Jan r he protection of the interests

!xnetje. Xgnietje, Paul and r. :n 1678, she married John

. . - . - a -=:-.>. .\-1:23, 18445; G1: l l l -1% F z : : :

% .:-1 ?f-27: ServCastle Countywills, - 7

R,-- A --..- . .I Pnnceton, NJ, 1978).

k - 1 5 rrrent of 17 November 1679 at - - - - - -. - IL-c. :. Historical Society of Pennsyl-

Walker. Wybregh died in 1697."~ The land occupied by Barent Hen- dricks in the 1671 census was owned by Gerrit Sandersen i#l34 r whose patent of 25 March 1669 described the tract as bounded by.4rentJansen and Jan ~ u 1 c k e . l ' ~

Jan Hulk (#129) remained in the area as late as 6 December 1687 when he testified that the land being sold by Jan Jansen Sybrants formerly belonged to Jan's father, Jan sybrants.'15

Swanwyck Swanwyck, meaning Swan Cove in Swedish, had been settled initially

in 1653 by a group of Swedes who fled the New Sweden colony for the protection of Stuyvesant's colony centered at Fort Casimir (New Castle). Other Swedes moved into the area after Governor Rising captured Fort Casimir in 1654.

Joran Johansson (#130) received a patent from Governor Nicolls, 3 August 1668, confirming his tract, originally granted by d'Hinojossa, located between Jan Landemaker's hook (#129) and Matthias Eskilsson (#131). A second patent for the same tract was issued by Lovelace, dated 24 March 1668/9.11"ijran Johansson had arrived in New Sweden in 1654 as a freeman. He died before 1677 when his widow Carin was married to Hendrick Jansen Sybrants (#122), who was accused of de- spoiling the lands. The land was thereafter sold to Pieter de Witt (#123) to payJoran's orphan children, Hendrick, Jijran, Anna and Elisabeth.'"

Matthias Eskilsson (#131) was a freeman in the New Sweden colony as early as 1654.'18 His prior grant from dlHinojossa was confirmed by Governor Nicolls, 3 August 1668, adjoining ~ i j r a n ~ohansson.""n April 1672 he appeared in court as a prosecution witness in the murder of his brother Lars Eskilsson (#114) by William Sinclair (#157) .I2' He died before 4 September 1677 when his orphan sons Symon Matthias- son, 17, and Johan Matthiasson, 14, were placed under the guardianship

113 NCR, 1:255-57, 282; New Castle County wills, B:68. ' I 4 New York Patents, 4:181. 11.5 NCR, 2: 166.

l 6 New York Patents, 3:136; 4:179. "' 1693 Census, 131; UCR, 180,402,409,414. '18~ongh and Von Elswick accounts, 16541655, New Sweden archives, hksarkivet,

Stockholm. ' I 9 New York Patents, 3:137. lZ0 NYHM, Delawa~e Papers: English, 37.

r-z-.lS JO luap!saJ e SEM aH ga:':jx ST uo Xu0103 laisuy 5.; I= I UasJapuES J!.X.Iat)

+ 2'3 uqor uyde3 JO api 1q\ ajpi ayl '((jg~#) 73018 ""i'-il pue (LII#) UoSSIoq;L

2 SUOS "?S![a aJ!M S!Y Lq EL :~I~IO 'q31na ayl Xq pailon

' 8 : ?2 10" pey (gsg1 pun01e # --- -.-%*. srq ql!~ uapaMS MaN -- - - ~-.-,-.lJ0 gG 'Sll!l!1qEd q03~r a-,-. ,181 n3ell OM] s'uoss1a3ad 11,. Ale1 u! ijas~ar MaN 103 xzapues 1111a3 ijqlsa~qlnos a>; rro punoq 'lse11 s!y JOJ

r- 5s UOSSJO~L 3010 zzI. (la~e31epq pue

ir >ps!~qy> pue Iapqe3 sue^ a .o-~o[. suosdals OMI ijq paAp 3 iZl13d j.iaule3 MOU) lU!Od 3 +,I 'JI SUWPUI ayl uroq spue[ ; I 5 uo '101 s,ua33ey3~ 103 FC 5 'jaurelqo osle uosslalad ~i, '1-i jo lop!^ aql pa!11em E: :<jj ~ua~ed e u!y palue13 i;- -. - aunrt uo '~!uI!sE~ 110d p:: .q SCgI pUn0"'IpgI U'

q , $ i = I noss.xaJad scan? 3 i:ay 10 anys Iraq, lailosal

?an< 1a.1e3.1e~q la,s!s 1!ay, LT S$ lr) UOSSlOyL JOIO JO

New Castle Court Jurisdiction - - 33

F C k - z c h nt Crane Hook ' .r z-.:i Book

of Olof Thorsson (#133) and Mary Block (#133). The same sons and their sister Margaret sued Peter Matthiasson, the eldest son. in l G 3 to recover their share of their father's lands."'

Lucas Petersson (#132) from Oland, Sweden, came to Sew S~ieden in 1641. Around 1653 he fled the colonyand moved to Dutch-controlled Fort Casimir. On 4 June 1658, Jacob Alrichs, Governor of Sen- -1mstel. granted him a patent for land north of Olof Thorsson (#133). Haling married the widow of Johan Thorsson Schaggen, also Swedish, Lucas Petersson also obtained a patent from Jacob Alrichs in Februan 1639 for Schaggen's lot. On 30 December 1671 Lucas Petersson purchased lands from the Indians in WestJersey that would later be known as Lucas Point (now Carneys Point, Salem County). He died there by 1686, sur- vived by two stepsons (Jonas and Johan Scoggin), five sons (Peter, Lucas, Hans, Gabriel and Christiern Peterson) and two daughters (Elisabeth and Margaret) . I z 2

OIof Thorsson (#133) was granted a Nicolls patent on 28 May 1669 for his tract, bound on the northeast by Lucas Peterson and on the southwest by Gerrit ~ a n d e r s e n . ' ~ ~ ~ i t h the departure of Lucas Petersson for New Jersey in late 1671, Olof Thorsson established a church on Petersson's two tracts to the northeast and granted the same to pastor Jacob Fabritius, 23 October 1 6 7 2 . ' ~ ~ Olof Thorsson had been sent to New Sweden with his wife and family in 1641 for punishment and, around 1653, had moved to the area south of the Christina River con- trolled by the Dutch. Olof Thorsson died at Swanwyck in 1678, survived by his wife Elisa, sons Olof Ollesson Thorsson (#71) and Lars Ollesson Thorsson (#117) and three identified daughters: Mary, wife of Hans Block (#135), the wife of Matthias Eskilsson (#131), and Petronella, the wife of Captain John Carr (#138) . I 2 "

Gerrit Sandersen (#134) from Tiel, Netherlands, sailed to the New Amstel colony on 13 November 1661 with his wife and four children. He was a resident of Swanwyck by 8 January 1663 when d'Hinojossa

lZ1 NCR, 1:124; 229, 39-40. Syrnon and Johan also went hy the name of Eskilsson and Cock.

Craig, "New Sweden Settlers, 1638-1664," Srdedish Ammican Genealogist, 16238-39 (1996); 1693 Census, 142-43, 145, 151.

New York Patents, 4: 186. lZ4 ~ e l a r u a ~ e ~ i s t ~ , 6:38-39. '2kCraig, "New Sweden Settlers," Swedish A-can Genealogist, 16:244 (1996).

56 1671 Census of the Delaware

granted a patent to Hans Block (#115) for the tract adjoining his.12%n 25 March 1669 Governor Nicolls confirmed to Sandersen two tracts, one located between Jan Hulk and Aren tJansen (occupied in 1671 by Barent Hendricksen, #129), and the other (his home plantation) bound by Olof Thorsson (#133) and Hans Block ( # 1 3 5 ) . ' ~ ~ err it sold the upper tract to Jan Barentsen (#137), 3 Febuary 1 6 ' 7 4 / 5 . ' ~ ~ ~ e died before 1677 when Peter Matthiasson, son of Matthias Eskilsson (#131), and his wife Metje (apparent daughter of Gerrit Sandersen) had become owners of his home plantation.12%nother daughter, name unknown, was the first wife of Adam Pietersen (see #125) .I3'

Hans Block (#135), born in 1616, was a gunner stationed at Fort Amstel by January 1660. He soon assembled considerable property north of the fort. First it was the tract of Timen Stiddem (#82). Then, on 20 April 1660 Barbara Tomas, widow of Leendert Classon, conveyed to gunner Hans Block the tract located between Timen Stiddem (then the property of Hans Block) and the property of Mins ~ n d e r s s o n . ' ~ ' Both were embraced in a patent issued by d'Hinojossa, on 1 January 1663 for 105 acres bound on the southwest by Paulus Duxon and on the northeast by Gerrit ~ a n d e r s e n . ' ~ ~ Further adjoining lands to the west were granted by dlHinojossa, 18 September 1664, and purchased by Block from Anthony Bryant, 27 May 1 6 6 5 . ' ~ ~ When Block's land was confirmed by an English patent, 25 March 1668, Gerrit Sandersen and Paulus Duxon were still adjoining landholder^.'^^ Hans Block died in 1676, survived by his wife Mary and one daughter, ~ a r b a r a . ' ~ ~

Paulus Duxon (#136) and his wife Alice received a patent from Gov- ernor Nicolls, 1 August 1668, for a tract previously owned by Mins An- dersson. The patent tracked Mins Andersson's survey of 11 November

I I z 6 ela aware Histmy, 8:31l, 5:32. Iz5 New York Patents, 4:181. IzR el aware ~ i s t m y , 6:40; New Castle County deeds, A-1:30-31. I z 9 NCR, 1:94; New Castle wills, A:63. 130~his is inferred from the fact that Adam Pietersen named his eldest son Gerrit. 13' Delaware Histmy, 6:31. Leendert Clasen, Timen Stiddem and MPns Andersson were

all signatories to an agreement in the winter of 16541655 to fix the prices paid to Indians for furs. NYHM, Delaware Papers: Dutch, 78.

132

! Delaruare Histmy, 6:32-33.

133 ela aware Histmy, 6:3436. j3' New York Patents, 4:180. 13' W H M , Delaware Papers: English, 103; New Castle County deeds, B-1209-11.

I

1656, which identified Lars E west.13"he name of Paul= 1 census. His predecessor Christina about 1637 and k e

Jan Barentsen (#I37 c.;cl

merly owned by the S ~ ~ e c c 'u acquired by Anthonv B v x : 1

August 1664 and then sold :r c ofJohn Barnes dated 1-7 S r.xe named his widow Engelyt :I

widow married James Hailaw

New Castle, formerlx- in 4

vesant in 1651, as Fort Tri->xi 1655, and as New ;\mstsl a:u 1657, was renamed Se:i CLM

As laid out in 1671. Xc;.- 4

deep, most of them cor.z:r:r Strand or riverfront from < ~ c to the place where the a:< kc of town. About halfi\-av 2: I rs (now Harmony Street . esrcr road, generally knoxsn as CM (now Delaware Avenue . cs:r woods. Between this -tree: ;" known as the Mart or \ I t r k e or path, known as Beax-er ST by lots, but few of these :itre there were theoretical s x = e s known as Otter Street r.,:,r Street), but they \<ere lsrclx

136 New York Patentc. 3.133 '37 1693 Census, 36. 13' 1693 Census, 33--34. '3%elaware Hktop. 6:34. 3; ' 4 0 ~ e w Castle hills. .kt%: XCR f

New Castle Court Jurisdiction - - 3 /

fcr :he uact adjoining his.12%n ned 10 Sandersen two tracts, one twr, ~ccupied in 1671 by Barent I& home plantation) bound by 4 = l ? i , . I 2 ' Gerrit sold the upper i !5T+ s ." 'H~ died before 1677 = E-,.. -ulsson (#131), and his wife 3dsrsen I had become owners of ter. name unknown. was the first

3 wnne r stationed at Fort . . s e - ~ . ~ . e d considerable property

oi Timen Stiddem (#82). Then, v r i Eeendert Classon, conveyed i kt;\-een Timen Stiddem (then pr: ?err\- of MQns ~ n d e r s s o n . ' ~ ' d ?: d'Hinojossa, on 1 January i e r 5:- Paulus Duxon and on the f i c r - " ' ' ~s lo in lng lands to the west err.-:zr 1664, and purchased by i f < ? :'' \ \hen Block's land was mch 1-63. Gerrit Sandersen and k a~ders.'" Hans Block died in c "2u:hter. ~ a r b a r a . ' ~ ~ i c received a patent from Gov- 3 ,~re\iousl?; owned by Mans An- k . ~ s o n ' s survey of 11 November

c r r f r r m e d his eldest son Gerrit. zez 5::aem and Mans Andersson were C-1 ?I ! :o fix the prices paid to Indians

>re C n ~ n n - deeds, B-1:20%11.

1656, which identified Lars Boer (Bjur) as the neighbor to the south- west.13"he name of Paulus Duxon is not found after \\harton's 1671 census. His predecessor MQns Andersson, Swedish. had moved to Christina about 1657 and then to Maryland in l66l.I3'

Jan Barentsen (#137) occupied the lowest tract on S~can\\~-ck. for- merly owned by the Swede Lars ~ j u r . ' ~ ~ ~ h e land in question had been acquired by Anthony Bryant who first rented i t to Jan Barentsen on 24 August 1664 and then sold it outright on 10 September 1668.19The ~\ i11 ofJohn Barnes dated 12 November 1683 and proved 11 Januay 1683 4 named his widow Engeltje and daughters Engeltje and Branitje. The widow married James Hallyday, 1 September 1 684.140

New Castle New Castle, formerly known as Fort Casimir when founded by Stuy-

vesant in 1651, as Fort Trinity when captured by the Swedes in 1654- 1655, and as New Amstel after it was sold to the City of Amsterdam in 1657, was renamed New Castle when taken by the English in 1664.

As laid out in 1671, New Castle consisted of a row of lots, 300 feet deep, most of them containing one or two houses, extending along the Strand or riverfront from the old fort and magazine northeast of town to the place where the old horse-mill once stood at the southwest edge of town. About halfway along the Strand, a street known as Hart Street (now Harmony Street), extended northwest into the interior. Another road, generally known as Gerrit the Smith's street, later Wood Street (now Delaware Avenue), extended from the mill site westward into the woods. Between this street and Hart Street there was an open common, known as the Mart or Market. Northwest of the Mart was another road or path, known as Beaver Street (now 4th Street), flanked on both sides by lots, but few of these were built upon in 1671. Behind Beaver Street there were theoretical streets between the Smith's street and Hart Street known as Otter Street (now 5th Street) and Calves Street (now 6th Street), but they were largely undeveloped in 1671.

13' ~ e w ~ o r k Patents, 3:135. 13' 1693 Census, 36. 13' 1693 Census, 53-54.

Delaware HHistory, 6:34, 37. I4O~ew Castle wills, A:66; NCR, 291; New Castle deeds, A-1:81-82.

58 1671 Census of the Delaware

Northeast of Hart Street were two other theoretical streets, Land Street (behind the riverfront lots) and Minquas Street (extending from the Mart to the northeast parallel to Land Street). The only develop- ments on these two streets were at the intersections with Hart Street, where Captain John Carr owned Gerrit Van Sweringen's former "great house" on a lot 60 feet wide and 233 feet deep southeast of Land Street and also a double lot, 120 feet wide and 300 feet deep between Land and Minquas Street, on which stood the "Statsherberg" [city tavern] .141

Wharton began his New Castle census here, with the household of Captain Carr (#138). He then went to the fort and systematically fol- lowed the Strand, recording the head of each household (#139-158). Then, he followed the loop along Gerrit Smith's street and Beaver Street (#159-162) to Hart Street, picked up two more isolated houses on the fringe of town (#163-164) and then added Peter Alrichs' home plan ta- tion (#165) on the river southwest of town. Along the way, he handed out patents where the landowner did not possess one, including a num- ber of patents for empty lots.

Captain John Carr (#138), the chief political and military officer on the Delaware, acquired from Anthony Bryant about 100 acres on the north side of the fort, extending to Swanwyck, for which he received a patent from Governor Nicolls on 8 January 1667/8.'4'~lso, another 150 acres of meadow and marsh land near the fort, formerly owned by d'Hi- nojossa, 1 January 1667/8.'4"ohn Carr and his brothers Andrew Carr (#51) and Patrick Carr had been part of Robert Carr's invading force in 1664. Around 1665 John Carr had married Petronella, Swedish, the daughter of Olof Thorsson (#133). When the Dutch recaptured New Castle in 16'73, John Carr fled with his family to Cecil County, Maryland, where he died early in 1676, survived by his wife and four children (Richard, Elizabeth, Mary and Petronella). His widow married George Oldfield of Cecil County by June 1676 and quitclaimed her interest in the "great house" in New Castle to Matthias Vandcrheyden, 18 August 1 6 9 7 . ' ~ ~

14' Both properties were sold at auction to John Moll, 12 June 1675, and confirmed by a deed by John Carr's widow, 10 April 1676. NCR, 1:63,379-80; New Castle County deeds, A-1:39--10.

14'~ewyork Patents, 2254. 1 4 ' ~ e w ~ o r k Patents, 3:114. 1 4 4 ~ a ~ y l a n d Land Patents, 17:552; Cecil County wills, 1:T; New Castle County deeds,

E1:179.

No residents were recordc adjoining the fort on the i c . u a lace patent dated 1 Siav ! $TI

1 1 T S ~ : . r a vacant lot, 105 x 301 -

liams Neering (see # l i 2 .r z i was another empty lor. cai 2-1 ented to Dirck Alber~er . = I . Hendrick Williams. '3 J;?P.,:LT

7 .f 3 tract as being bound o.. .

Gysbert Dircksen I =! 32 '-. ice of New Amstel ~cher, r r r stated that he was born in -1 3c on 14 August 16'78 ~sher. :kc- s of Bommell, widow of Re\-* nuncupative will, prox-ed ! D daughters: Susanna. bcnm trr born by his second. Thc c : f c de Ring (see #I50 I .:"

Abraham Enloes , =l r . !

cooper by Wharton. Hc :*= Duisburg, Netherlands. hi with his wife and childrcr r 3 Enloes acquired land tz Sr County where, on 2 2 . -1;r.l -

"Abraham's Delight.--' L r l Xlbertsen (#144j. - I b r z . , h ~ ~ I and Penn's Neck. ~shers k:s

14" New Castle Counn dcc* 'r:

' 4 6 ~ e w ~ o r k Patents. 3 : : s \F-

'" Delaware Hzsto?. .71:1:43 I4%cR, 2:28-32. In 16:: Czr-2-

Reynier Rqniersen Ian der C , : e : s ~ and still owned land there. H:r c k L 3 uith his wvido\\. to Sew Ckde

'4"homas -1. Enloe. T k c E i :e >,are Hktory, 20388. In 16;:. kx ::I< Hendrick Enloes, an uncle. .:i

Ii0\\harton, 71-73.

x?e r heoretical streets, Land .br.r,aas Street (extending from ar,c 5ueeti. The only develop- i~rcrsections with Hart Street, \-an Sweringen's former "great c deep southeast of Land Street d ~ ~ I I I ? feet deep between Land ;.- < -- AL herberg" [city tavern] .I4' s ..ere. x\ith the household of . - LC.+ xrlrt and systematically fol- >t 5;ih household (#139-158). Srr:-l?'s street and Beaver Street IT- rr,c;rr isolated houses on the ktf Peter .\lrichs' home planta- trr .qong the way, he handed ,P rssess one. including a num-

x ::xczl and military officer on Br.:_r.: about 100 acres on the o;--. :k. for r\.hich he received a - - - - fi _ -r., ~ . ' ~ ' ~ l l s o , another 150 g i c r:. formerly owned by d'Hi- ar!b his brothers Andrew Carr

If Xc-hsrt Carr's invading force I D C . ? ~ ~ Petronella, Swedish, the a , ;kc Dutch recaptured New a I - 1,: Cecil County, Maryland, b,.- :1:+ rilfe and four children 2 Xi; iiidorr married George r: 7-:::claimed her interest in t:rr 1-.lnderheyden, 18 August

K I .. 1 I Txne 1675, and confirmed by +! I -+-+':I: %el\- Castle County deeds,

1 i5 :-T: %el\- Castle County deeds,

New Castb Coourl Jurisdiction 59

No residents were recorded by Wharton at the fort or the magazine adjoining the fort on the southwest. Southwest of the magazine, a Love- lace patent dated 1 May 1671 was issued to Jacob van der Veer (#78) for a vacant lot, 105 x 300 feet, which van der Veer sold to Hendrick Wil- liams Neering (see #152) on 29 January 1676/7.'4%outhwest of this lot was another empty lot, of the same dimensions, which had been pat- ented to Dirck Albertsen (#144), 11 August 1670. This was also sold to Hendrick Williams, 2 January 1676/7.'4"hese transactions identify the tract as being bound on the southwest by Gysbert Dircksen's fence.

Gysbert Dircksen (#139) from "Ophemer" was a corporal in the sen. ice of New Amstel when i t surrendered to the English in 1664.14' He stated that he was born in "Hop Emert" and was widower ofAnnetie Jans on 14 August 1678 when he married Cattalyntie Gerrits, born in the city of Bommell, widow of Reynier Reyniersen van der Coelen. Dircksen's nuncupative will, proved 3 December 1682, named his wife and three daughters: Susanna, born by his first marriage, and Anna and Aeltie, born by his second. The eldest daughter was then married to Aemelius de Ring (see #I 50) .I4*

Abraham Enloes (#140) is the person described as Abraham the cooper by Wharton. He was a son of Peter Enloes, a silversmith, from Duisburg, Netherlands, who sailed from Amsterdam to New Amstel with his wife and children in 1657 and died there by 1663, '"~braham Enloes acquired land at St. Augustine's Creek in lower New Castle County where, on 22 April 1676, Wharton surveyed his tract called "Abraham's ~ e l i ~ h t . " ' " ~ a t e r , having married the daughter of Dirck Albertsen (#144), Abraham Enloes operated a ferry between New Castle and Penn's Neck, where his wife had inherited one-half of a 469-acre

'45 ~ e w Castle County deeds, A-1:8. ' " ~ e w ~ o r k Patents, 3:164; New Castle Countydeeds, A-1:6. 14' Delarua~e Histmy, L'O:93. I" NCR, 2:28-32. In 1671, Cattalyntie Gerrits lived in Kingston, N.Y., with her husband

Reynier Reyniersen van der Coelen, who had previously been a resident of New Amstel and still owned land there. His children ReynierJr., Zacharias, Soetje and Lucretia moved with his widow to New Castle.

' 49~homas A. Enloe, The Enloe Papers, Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore; Dela- ware History, 20:88. In 1671, his brother Anthony Pietersen Enloes lived at the Whorekill. Hendrick Enloes, an uncle, had moved to Maryland before 1671.

150 Wharton, 71-73.

60 1671 Census of the Delaware

plantation which Albertsen had acquired by 1669.151 Abraham Enloes was buried 11 February 1720 at the Swedes' church in Penn's Neck, where his son Peter Enloes was a member.'52

Machial Barron (#141), deputy sheriff, his wife Gertruyd and her sons Reynier and Abraham van Hyst lived on a lot which Gertruyd's prior husband, Reynier van Hyst, had purchased from Lucas Dircksen van Berg for 900 guilders. Because van Hyst had not paid the widow of Lucas Dircksen, who had remarried pastorJacob Fabritius, Governor Lovelace had ordered Carr to foreclose on the property, 13 April 1670. A new patent for the lot, dated 1 May 1671, was issued to Captain John Carr. After Carr's departure, the tract was acquired at a sheriff's sale by Justa Andersson (see #83), who sold i t to John Williams Neering (see #152) for 2,400 guilders, 7Apr i l 1678 . l~~~ach i a l Barron and his family moved to Salem County, where he acquired considerable lands for himself and his two stepsons. He died in Penn's Neck about 1 6 8 9 . ' ~ ~

Edmund Cantwell (#142), one of the English soldiers arriving in 1664, was named High Sheriff in place of William Tom in August 1 6 7 2 . ' ~ ~ Cantwell married Maritje de Haes (see #143), and had an active political career until his death in December 1683. He was survived by his wife and three children, Richard, Johanna and ~lizabeth. '~%is lot was bound by Machial Barron on the northeast and Captain Carr and widow Crabbe on the southwest.

Widow Gertruyd Crabbe (#143) had been a resident of New Castle since its founding as Fort Casimir in 1651. On 19 April 1643 at New Amsterdam, Gertruyd Jacobs of Emmenes, widow of Gerrit Jansen of Emmenes, married Roelof Jansen de Haes of Norway. They resided in Manhattan until 1651 when Roelof de Haes joined with Stuyvesant to

I" Allrg, 21:610,644; Thomas Shourds, Histmy ofFawick's Colony, 504-5 (Bridgetownn NJ, 1876).

Recordz ofthe Swedish Lutheran Churcha at Raccoon and P a n s Neck, 326 (Elizabeth NJ, 1938).

I" WHM, GmGaeTntbes, 1:331; New Castle County deeds, A-1:43-44. 1 5 4 ~ a p t i s m , Nm York Dutch Church, 60; NCR, 1:36, 161, 336, 387-89; NJA, 21:6, 550,

588239,644. Sergeant Reynier van Hyst had arrived in New Amstel in 1657 with Governor Jacob Alrichs. NYHM, Delaware Papers: Dutch, 363.

' 5 5 ~ ~ , GmeralEntbes, 1:501, 556. 15' Craig W. Horle et al., Lawmaking and Legislators i n Pennsylvania, 1250-54 (Philadel-

phia, 1991).

acquire land from the 1nd:m made this his home until h;i de Haes' widow made a pu r r3 On 27 July 1656 she mamec. ; October 1656 Governor 5:-L\- cobs, widow of Roelof de Hz- In 1671 she was living on - i n at the corner of Hart Surer Roelofsen de Haes, baptizci :I daughter Marritje de Haci. i <,

Edmund Cantwell l i~ing ncs.: (

Dirck Albertsen (#I 44 . I w 1671 was a justice on the Se r New Castle. His residence r a Widow Crabbe. Dirck =\lberrw He died in 1676, naminc C+ Haes executors and g u a r d i a Cornelis Dircksen and .-\?,rh the guardians for all a On 17 September 1693. sr kc4 of Albertsen's New Castie 1.1,s

Marten Roseman is1 -15 2.

Dutch, was a resident of Fc,:: G Swedes in 1654.'"~fter :ks D Roseman's name appeared In

157 John 0 . Evjen, Scandinai,!;-. -*-TI=

lis, 1916); NYCD, 1:596, 599: Jz:: 5 Stockholm, Sweden.

158 NYHM. Delaware Papers: DL:.: < C.7 159 Baptisms; New York Dutch Ci;-:: : I6O Delaware History, 20:'i6; .\2.h:.!. ,;

I" On 15 October 1662, their &-2 on Manhattan. Baptism, i'inu I>& fir;

lG2NCR, 1:43,97. I" NCR, '2199. ' 6 4 ~ ~ ~ , 2214.

On 5 July and 9 October 1 6 3 , \I; from the New Sweden cornmissan. ]r:r

N m Castle Coufl Jurisdiction 61

ed bv 1 669.151 Abraham Enloes liedes' church in Penn's Neck,

7 . ) wr:-- f. his wife Gertruyd and her sons tn 2 lot which Gertruyd's prior =sd from Lucas Dircksen van h d not paid the widow of Lucas ~b Fabritius, Governor Lovelace Jrcr?srty. 13 April 1670. A new

issued to Captain John Carr. [ ~ i e d at a sheriffs sale by Justa JI [I-illiams Neering (see #152)

Barron and his family moved widsrable lands for himself and :k rSout 1 ~ 8 9 . l ~ ~ ae English soldiers arriving in re .:.f i\-illiam Tom in August E ssc=143), and had an active nker 1633. He was survived by h r n a and ~lizabeth. '~%is lot or5east and Captain Carr and

bren a resident of New Castle f i . On 19 April 1643 at New mu. widow of Gerrit Jansen of E. cff Sonvay. They resided in h e - joined with Stuyvesant to

iF~--::i > Colony, 504-5 (Bridgetownn

-,-- .- . :- i Pq m S e c k , 326 (Elizabeth NJ,

5;7 f t tck. .I-1:4344. 5 :?:. SJb. 387-89; NJA, 21:6, 550, = Y 5% . h s t e l in 1657 with Governor

E I- ?c~?lr'ania, 1:250-54 (Philadel-

acquire land from the Indians and to help establish Fort Casimir. He made this his home until his death, prior to 5 July 1654, when Roelof de Haes' widow made a purchase from the New Sweden c ~ r n m i s s a r y . ' ~ ~ On 27 July 1656 she married, a third time, Dr. Jacob Crabbe, and on 58 October 1656 Governor Stuyvesant belatedly issued to Geertruydt Ja- cobs, widow of Roelof de Haes, patents for two lots near Fort ~ a s i m i r . " ~ In 1671 she was living on a small lot southeast of Carr's "great house" at the corner of Hart Street and the Strand with her son Johannes Roelofsen de Haes, baptized in New Amsterdam 4 December 1644. Her daughter Marritje de Haes, baptized 13 May 1646, was then married to Edmund Cantwell living next door (#142).15'

Dirck Albertsen (#144), Dutch, was in New Amstel by 1658 and in 1671 was a justice on the New Castle c o u r t . ' " ~ e owned several lots in New Castle. His residence was on the Strand at Hart Street, opposite Widow Crabbe. Dirck Albertsen's wife was named Pietertje ~arents. '" He died in 1676, naming Captain Edmund Cantwell and Johannes de Haes executors and guardians of his children.'" O n 17 June 1690 Cornelis Dircksen and Abraham Enloes (#140) signed a release to the guardians for all claims against the estate of Dirck ~ 1 b e r t s e n . l ~ ~ O n 17 September 1695, as heirs of Dirck Albertsen, they sold the last of Albertsen's New Castle lots.1ti4

Marten Roseman (#145), sometimes known as Marten Cleinsmit, Dutch, was a resident of Fort Casimir when that fort was captured by the Swedes in 1654.IG5fter the Dutch regained the fort in 1655, Marten Roseman's name appeared in Fort Casimir and New Amstel records,

'"john 0. Ejen , Scandinavian Immigrants t o N m Yurk, 1630-1674,61-64 (Minneapo- lis, 1916); NYW, 1:596, 599; Jacob Jungh's 1654 commissary records, Riksarkivet, Stockholm, Sweden.

15' NYHM. Delaware Papers: Dutch, 67-68; NYHM, Dutch Land Papers, 86. 150 Baptisms; New YDTK Dutch Church, 18,20. 160 Delaruare History, 20:76; NYHM, General Entries, 2 3 , 106. '" On 15 October 1662, their daughter Hillegond was baptized in the Dutch church

on Manhattan. Baptisms, N m Yorh Dutch Church, 66. NCR, 1:43, 97. NCR, 2199.

' 6 4 ~ ~ ~ , 2:214. On 5 July and 9 October 1654, Marten Roseman was recorded as making purchases

from the New Sweden commissary. JacobJungh accounts, Riksarkivet, Stockholm.

62 1671 Census of the Delaware

1656-1662.l"~is wife at the time was named ~ r i e t j e . ' " ~ ~ 1664 Marten had married Christina, daughter of Olof Stille (#7) and, under the name of Marten Cleinsmit, he received from d'Hinojossa a patent for Moyamensing with Olof Stille and others.'" He soon returned to New Castle where he went into partnership with Dirck Albertsen and built a house on part of Albertsen's lot. In 1671, he was a magistrate on the court.'" On 14 June 1675, Marten Roseman and his wife Christina sold their lot on the Strand, bound on the northeast by Hart street.l7' Rose- man's will of 28 November 1676, proved 6 June 1677, named Pieter Alrichs and Johannes de Haes executors and guardians for his minor children. On 17 June 1690, Cornelis Dircksen (son of Dirck Albertsen, #144), having apparently married Marten's daughter, signed a release for all claims against Marten Roseman's estate.171

Matthys van Linborgh (#146) witnessed an affidavit in New Amstel, 22 June 1 6 6 2 . ' ~ ~ ~e died before 1676 when his widow Aeltie (daughter of Walraven Jansen de Vos, #85) was married to Justa Andersson (son of Anders the Finn, #83). Justa became stepfather to Matthys' two sons, Jan Matthysen and Sybrant Matthysen, who later adopted the surname Valk, meaning hawk in ~ u t c h . ' ~ ~ ~ h e placement of van Linborgh in the census shows that he occupied a "small house and slip of ground on the Strand" adjoining Dirck Albertsen which Jan Boyer bought of Moses de Gann in 1 6 7 8 . ' ~ ~

Hendrick Jansen van Jever (#147) from Oldenburg acquired land near Hellgate, Long Island, in 1656, but was a resident of New Amstel by 1662. On 1 October 1664 he signed an oath of allegiance to the

'66 NYHM, Dutch Land Papm, 88; NYHM, Delaware Papers: Dutch, 56, 58, 82-83, 250, 253-54.

'67 art en and Grietje Cleijnsmit's daughter Barbertje was baptized in Manhattan, 18 March 1657. Baptisms; New York Dutch Church, 45.

'" P A ~ B , 19:353-54. Confirmation of the fact that Roseman and Cleinsmit (tool maker in Dutch) were the same person is to be found by the presence of landmarks at Moyamensing which were still known as Hollanders Creek and Rosamond Creek in 1702. Ibid.

'" NYHM, Delatuare Papers: English 50. 170 ~ e w Castle County deeds, W-1:520-21. 17' NCR, 2199. 17' NYHM, Delaware Papers: Dutch, 285. '73 NCR, 1 :34, 226-30, 403, 440-41; 27, 37, 97; PA2d, 19:718 Ii4 NCR, 1 :266.

English as a justice of the cc-L colls granted him a patent for New Amstel Governor Jacob i the New Castle court. Or. 25 former lot to Cornelis Jorisrn. he was granted denizarior. In

in Virginia, the widow ooi S a i He died as Hesrh-j

1690/1, survived by t\io si.nr. Isaac Tayne (# 1 48 I . a1 -81) '-1

the alias L'Pierre [the s[onc retaking Fort Casimir in i r i :

by ~ t u ~ v e s a n t . ' ~ ' Isaac T31 w residents of New Xmstel a:w Jersey (now Salem Counr. on a lot on the Strand i c : ~ neighbor, Barent Epge =I? 1677, survived by three ;kill Jean Desjardins) and El:rzb father's property in Se;\- C k

Barent Egge (#I49 I x\zs q under the name of B e x ~ r d Strand bound on the ner5za the Dutch church.""ki- cer Margaret, his daughter ar.2 x Coelen, Jr., sold his lot :c T b > h

175NYHM, Dutch Land PC;- 53 Delaware Papers: English. 3.

17%ewYork paten^. -2:-252 175 NYHM, Delaware Pap-. E7-z' 17' Archives of Mayland. j:S?-?,. E liY ~ a r n e s , Baltimore Co~i.;? Fc-3

of t h Malyland Lepslnturr. '2:452-??

'"~eannette E c h a n . -Lfe . k r 4:271.

''I Baptisms, Nm 170rk Du:c< lC!;-r

"'NCR, 1:81, 102, 14EL31. 1% 2 I s 3 ~ e w York Patents. 4:156. '" Recital, New Castle Coun:. ce

New Castle Court Jurisdiction 63

3 ~ r i e t j e . ' " ~ ~ y 1664 Martell le =- , and, under the name ~'Hinojossa a patent for ' He soon returned to New DL-ck Albertsen and built a ht 1s- a magistrate on the I =d his i\ife Christina sold l e s : hl- Hart tree t.I7O Rose- . - - - 12 - 7 , , . named Pieter Alrichs

:,:lr his minor children. On rch Aihertsen, #144), having pz'f a release for all claims

: 2--. ~ i d a i i t in New Amstel, 2 ?.s ~ % ~ d o ~ v Xel tie (daughter ic; : 1- Justa Xndersson (son p s e r to llatthys' two sons, o :r:c: adopted the surname -21lt~~: .3f ran Linborgh in the LW txd s l ~ p of ground on the ar. 3 cr bought of Moses de

r. Oldenburg acquired land k a a t resident of New Amstel a,-! ~~13th of allegiance to the

r ?-r--; Dutch, 56, 58, 8-3, 250,

Tf :,:_i b~ptized in Manhattan, 18

KI-rl7-m and Cleinsmit (tool maker x c presence of lar~dmarks at

-. . 2 r;:. ~ ? d Rosnmond Creek in 1702.

English as a justice of the court.'75 On 8 January 1667/8 Governor Ni- colls granted him a patent for his lot on the Strand, formerly owned by New Amstel Governor Jacob ~lrichs.""n 1671 he was still a justice on the New Castle court. On 28 November 1671 he sold. Jacob Alrichs' former lot to cornelis ~ o r i s e n . ' ~ ~ ~ e also owned land in Maryland, where he was granted denization in 1668 and married Elizabeth Carter, born in Virginia, the widow of Nathaniel Utie of Spesutia Island, Baltimore

He died as Henry Johnson in Baltimore County, 18 January 1690/1, survived by two sons, Joseph and ~ e n r y ~ o h n s o n . ' ~ "

Isaac Tayne (#148), also spelled Taine, Tine, Tyne, Teyn, who had the alias L'Pierre [the stone in French], was with the Dutch forces retaking Fort Casimir in 1655 and was promised a house and lot there by ~ t u ~ v e s a n t . ' ~ ~ Isaac Tayne and his wife Sara Rosen soon became residents of New Amstel and in 1666 h e also acquired land in West Jersey (now Salem County) from the ~ n d i a n s . " ~ In 1671 h e resided on a lot on the Strand identified in the 1669 patent issued to his neighbor, Barent Egge (#149). Isaac Tayne died in New Castle in 1677, survived by three children, Isaac Tayne Jr . , Mary (wife of Dr. Jean Desjardins) and Elizabeth (wife of Jan Bisk) who divided their father's property in New Castle and west ~ersey."*

Barent Egge (#149) was granted an English patent on 28 May 1669, under the name of Bernard Eken, for his house and garden on the Strand bound on the northeast by Isaac Tayne and o n the southwest by the Dutch ~ h u r c h . ' ~ ~ ~ h i s census is the last record of Barent Egge alive. Margaret, his daughter and sole heir, with her husband Reynier van der Coelen, Jr., sold his lot to John Cann in l690.la4

155 NYHM, Dutrh Land Papers, 83; NYHM, Delaware Papers: Dutch, 281, 287; M M , Uelaware Papers: English, 3.

""ew~ork Patents, 2:252. 155 NE%IM, Delaware Papers: Engluh, 50; PAZd, 19:410. '" Arch~~es of.lalyland, 5:35-36; Barnes, Baltimore County Families, 365. 159 Barnes, Baltimore County Families, 365; Edward C. Paperlluse, Biographical Dictionaq

ofthe Molyland Legrslature, 2492-93 (Baltimore, 1985). ""~eannette Eckman, "Lfe Among the Early Dutch at New Castle," Delaroare History,

4:271. lR' Baptism, New York Dutch Church, 65; NJA, 21:2,4; 111 16-17. '"NCR, 1:81, 102, 149-50,264,268-69, 312,393-94. IR3New York Patents, 4:186. l " ~ ~ c i t a l , New Castle County deeds, C1:95.

64 1671 Censw of the Delaware

Matthias de Ring (#150) and his brother Aemilius de Ring lived southwest of the Dutch church on land which had been patented to their father Nicolaes de Ring by d'Hinojossa in 1664. Nicolaes had ar- rived in New Amstel by 1659.1s5 Aemilius de Ring married Susannah, daughter of Gysbert Dircksen (#139) and by his will of 17 March 1692 had three surviving children, Nicolaus, Lucretia and Gysbert de in^."" Matthias de Ring, born about 1643, clerk and reader at the Dutch church, apparently never married and died in 1695.18'

Thomas Snelling (#151), a former English soldier under Captain Carr, was discharged in 1669. At the time of the census he occupied a lot and tavern on the Strand originally belonging to Foppe Jansen Outhout (#152), who sold to Jacob van der Veer (#78) who sold to Snelling. By 1677, when Snelling's lot was owned by Justa Andersson (son of Anders the Finn, #83), the patent had been lost.1s8 In the mean- time, on 12 October 1672, Snelling had sold his holding at Bread and Cheese Island (#87) to Justa Andersson in exchange for a new planta- tion on Appoquinimink creek. l8"ne1ling died 10 October 1691, survived by a daughter ~ a r y . ' ~ '

Foppe Jansen Outhout (#152), Dutch, born about 1631, was quarter- master during Stuyvesant's expedition to recapture Fort Casimir. Upon return of the Dutch ships to Manhattan, he completed his duties there and returned to the Delaware as a permanent resident. By 1660, he operated a tavern in New Amstel (see #151) and was ajustice of the court in 1664 when he signed the oath of allegiance to the ~ n ~ 1 i s h . l " In 1671 he was still a justice in New Castle and continued in this capacity until 1680 although he had moved his principal residence to Penn's Neck,

l s 5 ~ C ~ , 271; NYHM, DelawarePapers: Dutch, 135, 142. Their uncle, Hans Jacob de Ring went to Maryland in 1664 and was described as a native of Holland when naturalized in 1671. His will, written at New Castle on 13 April 1672 but proved in Maryland, left his residual estate to his "cousins" [nephews] Matthias and Aemilius d: Ring. Maryland Land Patents, 7:455; Archives ofMaryland, 2282.

la' NCR, 229-32; New Castle County wills, Misc. 230. NYHM, Delaware Papms: English, 17-18; NCR, 1 278; 2:217.

'"NYHM, GenmalEntries, 1:303; NCR, 1:57. The property was used by both Outhout and later owners as a tavern, so it is likely chat this was Snelling's occupation also.

I s 9 ~ e w Castle County deeds, I-129-30. I" Recital, New Castle County deeds, Y-1:210. 191 Eckman, Delaware History, 4:271; NI' IM, Council Minutes, 34; Records o f N m Amtm-

dam, 249, 55-56, 420; NYHM, Delaware Papers: Dutch, 204, 229,278, 285; NYHM, Delaware Papers: English, 2-3.

where he had purchased land Sarah Neering, who had pre Hendrick Williams Seerin?. F least two daughters. One k (see #125), and the other Sar of #71). Foppe Outhour died widow died in New Castle :n 1

John Arskin (# 15 3 I I\-= ;i a English took New Castle ir! 1f Jonas Arskin, 16 years old. II : 1669, bounded on the eas:. t a t ! on the west by his partner. Y he moved with his partner n. 8

tina River between S~\arr >q been patented 1 Januan- 1 +T, on a canoe trip to Xe\i C a d four children to sunive h i r . '

Marten Gemtsen I =! 54 . 1 owner with Arskin of the C3r in January 1667/8. He drrl-nn

October 1680. His wife 1 \25 C l son Collinus (#8) and hcr h administrators of his eria:e - and Marten, moved to \l~r.~.=

Dr. James Crawford =:liS received substantial land r?; town house adjoining &c hc Georges Creek, 1'7 Febru2r.- four children, of \\-horn rac'-s J to adulthood. His ~\.idoti :\-z

'" NJA, 151; 21:i. 30. Ijll:r 6% .f

161, 240, 410. lq3 NJA, 23:348; Philadelphi Cdr -3 194 1724 affidatit of Jons; .-\r-.:z

Philadelphia; M'H:.\J, Drln;.c? . c z ~ ~

16; NewYork Patents: 3 : l l I . 14' 199 New York Patenu. 4 11 5 :I?

Lom," Swedish Colonial .\t-~,i. : 11 2 ritsson as he i r last name. finjlh sex

New Castle Court Jurisdiction 65

rcbcher -1emilius de Ring lived d - . nhlch . had been patented to ~icasia in 1664. Nicolaes had ar- IE cis h n g married Susannah, ~d hx- his will of 17 March 1692 ~ i r c t i a and Gysbert de in^."" jerk and reader at the Dutch iic? in 1695.ls7 Lrclirh soldier under Captain ae ':'f rhe census he occupied a h jeionging to Foppe Jansen n ,?cr I'eer (#78) who sold to bzs c1:ined by Justa Andersson r k2i been 1os t . '~~1n the mean- . . . . Is': :c: .iis holding at Bread and rr exchange for a new planta-

eI::nz died 10 October 1691,

.- 5: m about 1631, was quarter- a rsslprure Fort Casimir. Upon . tc ~X~tmpleted his duties there m x c n t resident. By 1660, he il m d as ajustice of the court m-as? 10 the ~n~1 i sh . l " In 1671 sun-.ir.ued in this capacity until @ i residence to Penn's Neck,

. ~ . I - . . .- rci; uncle, HansJacob de Ring -- -- ;

. :i Yolland when naturalized in - - 7 - 7 - r ?yo\-ed in Maryland, left his rr 1 ;tr:::ur de Ring. Maryland Land

where he had purchased land from the Indians in 1665.'" His wife was Sarah Neering, who had previously married and had sons John and Hendrick Williams Neering. Foppe Outhout and Sarah Neering had at least two daughters. One became the second wife of Adam Pietersen (see #125), and the other (Sarah) married Olof Ollesson Thorsson (son of #71). Foppe Outhout died in Penn's Neck, NewJersey, by 1693; his widow died in New Castle in 1 7 0 3 . ' ~ ~

John Arskin (#153) was a sergeant under Captain John Carr when the English took New Castle in 1664 and was then accompanied by his son Jonas Arskin, 16 years old. In 1671 he lived on a lot, patented 1 October 1669, bounded on the east byJohn Henry, on the north by the Mart and on the west by his partner, Marten Gerritsen (#154). After this census he moved with his partner to their plantation on the south side of Chris- tina River between Swart Nutten Island and Feren Hook, which had been patented 1 January 1667/8. On 23 October 1677 he drowned while on a canoe trip to New Castle for supplies, leaving a widow Jean and four children to survive him.Ig4

Marten Gemtsen (#154), living just west of John Arskin, was a joint owner with Arskin of the Christina Creek plantation patented to them in January 1667/8. He drowned in his canoe on the Christina River in October 1680. His wife was Christina Lom. Her stepfather Lars Anders- son Collinus (#a) and her brother Sven M5nsson Lom were named administrators of his estate. The children, Gertrude, Armegot, Gerrit and Marten, moved to Moyamensing to live with their re1atives.lg5

Dr. James Crawford (#155), a soldier who arrived with Carr in 1664, received substantial land grants from Governor Nicolls, including a town house adjoining the house of Marten Gerritsen. He died at St. Georges Creek, 17 February 1682/3, survived by his widowJudith and four children, of whom sons John and James and a daughter Mary lived to adulthood. His widow was remarried in 1686 to Edward Gibbs. After

. . .

. . - .,;- . - - - - - A , .

r r : I l c ~ r\z used by both Outhout - .. . x-p . . .. - A . -:n E occupation also.

LT -. -3. ,. - . . . . -. - . . 34: Reed of N m Amtm- . . .

LL -' 4 2 3 . 27s. 285; NYHM, Dela~uare

192 NJA, 1:51; 21:7, 30, 610, 644; NYHM, DDewarePapms: English, 66, 97, 313; NCR, 1:4, 161, 240, 410.

lq3 NJA, 23:348; Philadelphia County wills, B:321 #119. '" 1724 affidavit of Jonas Arskin, Chew Papers, Box 25, package 35, HSP Ms. 2050,

Philadelphia; NYHM, DDewarePapers: English, 158-59, 222-23,367; UCR, 1952-54; 215- 16; New York Patents, 3:118, 149.

I9%ew York Patents, 4:118, 149; NCR, 1:229, 427-28, 482; Craig, "Mons Svensson Lom," Swedish Colon,ial Naus, 1/12:2-3 (1995). The two sons used Martensson and Ger- ritsson as their last name, finally settling on Garrett.

66 1671 Census of the Delaware

Judith's death in 1703, Crawford's three children sold their father's New Castle lot.lg6

William Tom (#156) also came to New Castle in 1664 with Captain John Carr's company. In 1671 he was the High Sheriff for the Delaware and owned considerable property. Among these was a patent dated 29 July 1669, for a lot then in his tenure bounded on the north by James Crawford (#155), on the east with the river, on the south by Cornelis Wynhart (#158) and land of Matthias de Ring on the west.'" William Tom never married. While under house arrest for debt, he wrote his will 3 January 1677/8 and died that month, leaving his entire estate (after payment of debts) to his godson, Richard Cantwell. When the estate was finally settled, 22 February 1682/3, nothing was left for ~ichard."'

William Sinclair (#157), another former soldier under Captain John Carr, was granted a license on 16 November 1668 to trade between New York and the Delaware with his partnerJames Crawford. Sinclair's house in New Castle was mentioned in a sale of land by William Tom to Pieter Alrichs, 12 April 1670. On 5 April 1672 he was scheduled to be tried for the murder of Lars Eskilsson (#114) .'"The outcome of this trial is not reported. However, William Sinclair was in Cecil County, Maryland, by 15 July 1672 when he witnessed the will of Hu h Cornelisson, who left his entire estate to Edmund Cantwell (#142).&" William Sinclair died in Cecil County before 7 November 1694, when Philip Barrett, admin- istrator of his estate, filed his final a c c ~ u n t . ~ "

Cornelis Wynhart (#158) was listed as an abutting resident in patents for New Castle lots granted William Tom, 29 July 1669 and Pieter Al- richs, 16 August 1670. He apparently left New Castle immediately after Wharton's census, for on 1 June 1671 he was issued a patent for a lot he had purchased at the Whorekill [Lewes, Delaware] from Hendrick Har- mansen, 3 April 1664 .~ '~ Wynhart had been in Manhattan as early as

I Q 6 ~ e w ~ o r k Patents, 2:25657; NCR 2:38-39; New Castle County deeds, EL1:413-15; Horle et al., Larumaking and Leplators in Pansylvania, 1:368-69.

197 New York Patents, 4191. 198 WHIM, Delaruare Papers: English, 183; NCR, 1: 179, 18687; 2:40-42.

NYHM, General Entries, 1: 188; New York Patents, 3: 167; NYHM, Delaware Papers: English, 34-38, 43.

Maryland wills, 1:506. Maryland Inventories &Accounts, 13A:216.

' 0 2 ~ e w ~ o r k Patents, 3:125, 150, 167, 182.

1662 and returned there 5 - b -

Delaware was admitted z 2 5 January 1679/80 Cornelis I i7.a for being party to a price-s? there.204 Cornelis \V\-nhar: f Pelle, living in Ne~+.Yoi-k. . i\-z - dricks from Middelbur - -

Jan Martensen (#I39 . s?p is not to be found in other DcL Cornelis Wynhart was a S E - , ~

Martensen and m el tie ~axs- . Gemt Jansen van Beck r: ic

Fort Casimir in 1634. \<hen t purchase from the Seii 5 w . 1 ~ name continues to appear *-I

June 1660, when Genit .he farthest back at the edge o f ~ ! c smith, he sailed to the fa&r.cr;ta 1661, as Gerrit Jansen 1s:. -3ei

Kerck departing A m s ceraz: re Gerrit Smith testified thzi kc h he and his partner Re\x-Lier i z Pieter ~ l r i c h s . ~ " S o Er.zl:sk smith died after 1693. s ~ r . : ~ l p married Abiah Egberb scc =I

Barent Egbertsen 1 =i f ' : . Graefschap Benthem. 1%-s r r a

203 Baptism, New lurk D l : - : 'C-.:?

'04 NYHM, A ndros Pope-i. r - -1 7

'05 Maninges from 1639 i,: I i . [ . : : Society, 9:52 (1918).

'06 ~ a p t z i m , Ne7u lbrk Du:.-7 1 I -7

207~acob Jungh's %el\ S\\e5cr >id Land Papers, 85; NYHJI. Dik : '=

NYHM, Delawar~ Pop-: L*;:: Delaware History. S.3 1 1

210 NCR, 2:69-72. Other reicrtzcl

116, 120, 168, 211. 21 1 NCR, 1:160, 164: 2:-21>. .?-.'.f

Cantwell, is probably also a 5c.c \e

New Castle Court jurisdiction 67

R~!ciren sold their father's New

w Castle in 1664 with Captain H ~ z h Sheriff for the Delaware 1 :here I\-as a patent dated 29 ,u.lisd on the north by James 6-fr. on the south by Cornelis e En: on the west.'" 7William u r i s r ?or debt, he wrote his will I+~.:ng his entire estate (after : Czr.~iell. I\%en the estate was ir: x35 lefc for ~ i c h a r d . " ~ er 5 ~lidier under Captain John k r I I65 to trade between New ~ r c s Cranford. Sinclair's house I--.+ by \\-illiam Tom to Pieter e ;,--r scheduled to be tried for !?.-.f :,;rcorne of this trial is not iz Ccsil County, Maryland, by

R-- s. . -h c ornelisson, who left t;" .- - ' I\.-illiam Sinclair died E ,a-h-irn Philip Barrett, admin- m - -

rs r5:;rring resident in patents P; 2,; lult- 1669 and Pieter AI- i 's;c-.\- Castle immediately after

is ::rued a patent for a lot he I: ::z-..c-r< from Hendrick Har- :er: in llanhattan as early as

*;e- G s < c Couny deeds, B-1:413-15; =- ; !-.-Q - ~-

--. . ~ - - -4:: -7:40-42. - - ..

i 1 ~ 3 5 15;: .\I7Hll4, Delaware Papers:

1662 and returned there by 11 June 1672 when Cornelis Wynhart of Delaware was admitted as a free burgher of New ~ m s t e r d a m . ~ " On 8 January 1679/80 Cornelis Wynhart was fined 50 shillings in Manhattan for being party to a price-fixing agreement by the Dutch coopers there.204 Cornelis Wynhart from Groningen, widower of Catharine Pelle, living in New York, was remarried 18 May 1683 to Ariaen tie Hen- dricks from ~ i d d e 1 b u 1 - g . ~ ' ~ Jan Martensen (#159), apparently an associate of Cornelis W~nhar t ,

is not to be found in other Delaware River records. Later, on 1 May 1678, Cornelis Wynhart was a sponsor in Manhattan at the baptism of Jan Martensen and Aeltie Jans' daughter ~ a r r i t i e . ~ ' "

Gemt Jansen van Beck (#160), alias Gerrit de Smit, was a resident of Fort Casimir in 1654, when it was captured by the Swedes, and made a purchase from the New Sweden commissary, 10 September 1654. His name continues to appear in records for New Amstel until as late as 30 June 1660, when Gerrit the smith was described as living "on the street farthest back at the edge of the woods."207 On 30 August 1660, as the City's smith, he sailed to the fatherland on the Groenen rent.^" On 13 November 1661, as Gerrit Jansen van Beck, he was a passenger on the Pz~rmelander Kerck departing Amsterdam for New A m s t e ~ . ~ ' ~ On 17 December 1683, Gerrit Smith testified that he had lived on this street for 22 years and that he and his partner Reynier van der Culen had acquired the land from Pieter ~ l r i c h s . ~ ' ' No English patent has been found. Gerrit Jansen the smith died after 1693, survived by at least one son, Jan Genitsen, who married Abiah Egberts (see #161) by 1693.~''

Barent Egbertsen (#161), a Dutch tailor from Schuttorp in the Graefschap Benthem, was married in Manhattan 15 November 1657 to

203 Baptism, New Yurk Dutch Church, 65; Recurdc o f N m Amsterdam, 6:374. '04 NYHM, Andros Papers, 1679-1680, 185-88. '05 Marn'ages from 1639 to 1801 in the R e f i d Dutch Church, New Yurk, Colls. of WG&B

Society, 952 (1948). '06 Baptzsm, New Ywk Dutch Church, 132. 20'~acob ~ u n ~ h ' s New Sweden accounts, 131, at Riksarkivet, Stockholm; NYHM, Dutch

Land Papers, 85; NYHM, Delaware Paperr: Dutch, 205, 256-57. '08 NYHM, Delnzuare Papers: Dutch, 209. 'OY Delaware Hts tq , 8:311. "10 NCR, 2:69-72. Other references to his house are contained in NCR, 1:449,512; 298,

116, 120, 168, 211. '"NCR, 1:160, 164; 2318; PGM, 37:6. Hendrick Gerritsen, who married Elizabeth

Cantwell, is probably also a son. New Castle deeds, B-1:468-70.

68 1671 Census of the Delaware

Aechtje Alberts from ~ m b d e r l a n d . ~ ' ~ He did not move to New Castle until after the English takeover in 1664. His will dated 20 October 1674 was proved by his second wife and widow Rebecca 6 June 1677. He was survived by three daughters, Henrietta, Anna and ~ b i a h . ~ ' ~ ~ n the 1677 tax list his widow's second husband, Thomas Spry, lived on this tract adjoining Gerrit

Anders Stille (#162), Swedish, apparently had just married. Wharton enters the words "Anna Peterson marryed to Andreas" with no last name given to the husband.215 The man was Anders Stille (son of Olof Stille, #7), who testified on 17 October 1683 "that he has been 25 or 26 years here in town." The wife was Annetje Pieters, daughter of Pieter Wolfert- sen van Couwenhoven, who had purchased a lot northwest of Beaver Street at Hart Street in 1669.~'%t the time of this census, her father (a brewer) was languishing in debtor's prison in Manhattan, as a result of a lawsuit by Philip Carteret. In 1667, when a resident of Elizabethtown, East Jersey, van Couwenhoven had mortgaged all of his property to Carteret and was unable to pay off the mortgage.217 After Pieter van Couwenhoven's New Castle property was sold in 1673, Anders Stille and his wife Annetje moved to the Christina River with John Ogle, John Arskin (#153) and Marten Gerritsen (#154). Anders died before 1693, survived by sons Jacob and Johan Stille and at least one daughter.218

Opposite the brewer Pieter van Couwenhoven's property was an empty lot between Beaver Street and the Mart, for which a patent was given to Jean Paul Jaquet (#101) bearing the date of 1 May 1671.219~his was soon acquired by the English soldier John Ogle, not listed in Whar- ton's census, who married by the end of the year Anders Stille's niece,

212 Mam'ages, Refonnd Dutch Church, 22; Recwdc of New Amsterdam, 2376; 5:922; 7:151; Baptism, N m Yurh Dutch Church, 50.

' 1 3 ~ c R , 1:95-96, 264,294; 2108, 130, 162, 184, 218. NCR, 2160.

215 Fernow's 1877 transcription supplied the surname Teller, which must have been his guess. The document is not burned or torn in this spot and no surname appears on the document. However, he was close. The husband is clearly Anders Stille, often called Anders Tilly in 18th century records.

New Castle County deeds, A-1:65-67. &cot-& o f N m Amtndam, 6:317, 381; NJA, 2329.

"'New Castle County deeds, A-1:6566; Peter S. Craig, "The Stile Family in America," Swedish American Gaealogwt, 6: 148-5 1 ( 1986).

'I9 New Castle County deeds, A-1: 17.

Elisabeth Pe tersdotter, daughl Peter Jochimsson (see #l!3 .':"

Hans Bones (#163), Dutch. jossa, confirmed 1 October 1% Street. He died in Sew CasCe Catharine had become h e -.\:fi

Evert Gerritsen (#I64 . Dxtr English patent on 26 Slarch i t Calves (now 6th) street."" Mrs ware valley records.

Pieter Alrichs (# 1 63 tY3 -TI

about 1637, came to Sew .LTG~ Alrichs, and married Jlaris i t e When the English took Seh lands in present Delaxr-are. I - 1 in and near New Castle. Th: 1 1670 from William Tom -.$-hI.c! William Sinclair's housc 2x5 1 1670 he acquired from_lof..r. .\ were confirmed by a Lo\c:r,;c a justice on the court. 12:~: it

town. Peter Alrichs of the r :'-*I 1694/5 dividing his eztcr.s::s (bapt. 8 October 1666 . H z 3 and Wessel Alrichs. Peter .<zc

220 Craig, "The Stille Farnilv 1:. .A=<

Elisabeth Ogle sold the same sr re? E l : % ; NCR, 2:151: Peter S crLj Soldier, John Ogle," Thc O$t Cr-;-re

NewYork Patenrc. 3:lil:' X C i 222 New York Patents. 4: 15-7 22%ewis D. cook, -rUncb.; \ t

(1982); Burlington Counn- Cour age as about 50 on 28 Febnur. : ;.i-

''"ewyork Patents. 3: lG: Xr- ( " 5 ~ o o k , "Alrichs of Seli &<r C

al., Larumaking and hpslaron !,; ?:--.--!

Ie dld not move to New Castle HIS ;\ill dated 20 October 1674

-- Rebecca 6 June 1677. He was br.2 and.\biah.'130n the 1677 hr.rr.= Spn , lived on this tract

m LI- had just married. Wharton d .lndreasW with no last name ~ ' d e r s Sulle (son of Olof Stille, t k i r he has been 25 or 26 years : e ~ s daughter of Pieter Wolfert- aw'd a lot northwest of Beaver nzs ,:bi this census, her father (a KT. :n Jlanhattan, as a result of cz r resident of Elizabethtown, w-gged all of his property to rz: r:sage."'; After Pieter van

a s +.:,id in 1673, Anders Stille ecr k e r x\ith John Ogle, John 1:L .hders died before 1693,

. , cr_ 2 : !east one daughter.''" rr-cnno~en's property was an r \f3r1. for u-hich a patent was ; cr c dare of 1 May 1671 . 2 ' 9 ~ h i s r ' ' Ogle. not listed in Whar- t -5% -.ear .Uders Stille's niece,

-;--t Teller. I\-hich must have been his i %.I r z--cl no surname appears on the c;-: -L.zi,e~ Sulle, often called Anders

==> - L Lx; -The Stile Family in America,"

N m Castle Court Jurisdiction 69

Elisabeth Petersdotter, dau hter of Ella Stille and her first husband. q20 Peter Jochimsson (see #19).

Hans Bones (#163), Dutch, had been granted a patent bx- d 'H ine jossa, confirmed 1 October 1669, for a house and lot on Otter t now 3rh Street. He died in New Castle before 1677, by which time his ~ \ i d o ~ i Catharine had become the wife of Jan arma an sen.'^'

Evert Gerritsen (#164), Dutch, owned a house and lot, confirmed bx- English patent on 26 March 1669, between Otter (now 5th) Street and Calves (now 6th) ~ t ree t . ' * '~ i s name has not been found in other Dela- ware valley records.

Pieter Alrichs (#165) born in Niekerk, Groningen, Netherlands. about 1637, came to New Amstel in 1657 with his uncle, CovernorJacob Alrichs, and married Maria Wessels in Manhattan on 9 February 1 664.223 When the English took New Amstel in 1664, they confiscated all of his lands in present Delaware. In 1670, however, he acquired three parcels in and near New Castle. The first of these was a lot acquired 12 April 1670 from William Tom which was towards the Strand and bound by William Sinclair's house and by Cornelis Wynhart's fence. On 7 June 1670 he acquired from John Arskin his 7-acre tract "west of town." This were confirmed by a Lovelace patent dated 16 August 1 6 7 0 . ~ * ~ ~ l r i c h s , a justice on the court, later accumulated extensive lands south of the town. Peter Alrichs of the town of New Castle wrote his will 25 January 1694/5 dividing his extensive property among his four sons, Sigfridus (bapt. 8 October 1666), Harmanus, Jacobus (bapt. 10 September 1671) and Wessel Alrichs. Peter Alrichs died in 1697."~

220 Craig, "The Stille Family in America," Swedish Ammican Genealopt, 6:14749. Widow Elisabeth Ogle sold the same property on 15 March 1686/7. New Castle County deeds, E l : % ; NCR, 2151; Peter S. Craig, "Elisabeth Petersdotter Yocum, Wife of the English Soldier, John Ogle," Ttz Ogle Genealugzst, 18:19-27 (1997). '" New York Patents, 3:150, NCR, 1:199. 367, 374. 222 New York Patents, 4:182. Y23 Lewis D. Cook, "Alrichs of New Castle County," Ttz A ,m 'can Gaealogkt, 38:31

(1982): Burlington County Court Records [hereafter cited as BCR], 68 [where he gave his age as about 50 on 28 February 1687/8].

2 2 4 ~ e w ~ o r k Patents, 3:167; New Castle County deeds, B-1:226. 225 cook, "Alrichs of New Castle County," T h Ammican Genealogist, 38:31-33; Horle et

al., Lawmaking and Legzslators in Pennsylvania, 1 : 17678.

1671 Census of the Delaware

Other Soldiers and Servants In New Castle, as elsewhere, Wharton did not write the names of

soldiers or servants who either lived at the fort or in one of the several houses in town. Several of the soldiers held patents for land within the jurisdiction of the New Castle court, but if we accept Wharton's listing of heads of household as being accurate, no development of the land embraced within those patents had yet occurred.

Among the soldiers and servants not already mentioned were the following:

John Henry and Charles Floyd, both soldiers who had arrived with Carr in 1664, had received a patent from Governor Lovelace, 1 Septem- ber 1669, for a tract of land behind New Castle adjoining Gerrit the smith's h ~ u s e . * * ~ ~ h e tract was never developed by them. In 1671 Char- les Floyd was a carman in ~ a n h a t t a n . * * ~ ~ o h n Henry remained in New Castle. Soon after this census, probably in 1672, he acquired Thomas Snelling's lot and tavern (see #151). He died before 7 February 1676/7 when his widow Catharine sold the same tract to Justa ~ n d e r s s o n . * * ~

Jan Hendricksen, Dutch, was a soldier for Captain Carr on 1 August 1668 when granted a lot near Swart Nutten Island with three other soldiers.**%n 27 January 1675/6 Governor Andros issued a patent to Hendrlck Jansen for the vacant lot between the lots occupied by Snelling (#151) and John Arskin (#152) in 1671 .*" Tax lists and deeds for the adjoining properties prove that the holder of this patent was Jan Hen- dricksen, who died in 1690, survived by sons Hendrick and ~ i l l i a m . ~ ~ '

Cornelis Jorisen, Dutch, was granted a patent by dlHinojossa in 1664 with two others for a tract later known as "Lazy Point" on the east side of the Delaware opposite Matinicum Island. In 1668 he sold this tract to Pieter Jegou and probably returned to New ~ a s t l e . * ~ * At the time of Wharton's census he was married to Geertie, the widow of Andries

22%ew ~ o r k Patents, 4: 193. 225 Recmds ofNau Amstmdam, 6:360, 363,387,389. "' NCR, 1:57. ""ew~ork Patents, 3: 133. 230New Castle County deeds, I-1:370. 231 New Castle wills, Mlsc. 1:175; NCR, 2:198. O n 29 September 1708 Samuel Macbur

and h ~ s wfe Joanna, only daughter and sole heir of the son Henry Jansen, sold the lot to Thomas Tresse. New Castle County deeds, D-1:68; PA3d, 1:35.

232 UCR, 141; BCR, 68.

Hudden and was stepfather tcr F November 1671 Cornelis acquil drick Jansen van ever (#l47

4J of the ~ e n s u s . ~ ~ o r n e l i ~ Jon5 which time his widow Geerris (#91). Cornelis Jorisen \\-as sun ria.235 Geertie died in 1 6 ~ 3 . ~ ' ~

Jan Harmansen, Dutch. recci quell the Long Finn re bell:^:^^ married by 1677 Catharine :I purchased the former lo^ i:,i n Gerrit Otto, 5 November 1-7. by his widow Catharine ar,c r2.4

Pieter or Pierre Jegoe purr -r of Matinicum Island from C i and secured a license to opc13 P teret. In 1670 this proper:\- I%= taken prisoner.'3%e !\-as s I, 1': in New Castle Count:- ~1r.r:: kt moved to Cecil Count\- ~ i k r r e '

will indicates that he died -.,:-1-.1 Hendrick Jacobs Falkenbeq

ter of Sinnick Broer (#E4 tr 3 r He soon went into partns-rit:r,

233 ~ a ~ t i s m s . Nau Ymk Dutch I!:-:: survived by a son Andre$\- Hudcicr. xil

'34 P A Z ~ , 19:410. 235 P A Z ~ , 19:410; New Castle C . c , . z ~ 2 3 % ~ ~ , 2: 109. 23' W H M , D~laruare Papers: E,: ,-. :: = 's '" 1693 tax list, PGM, 375: P.41 c : G

'" UCR, 190; BCR, 65-61: .\Ji. 11 3 at Lazy Point was still ~ ~ n o c c u p ~ e k I r. George Fox stayed over nighc at h:- -2;

to leave." Rufus M. Jones, TlwJ?:.-i rf 240 NYHM, Delaware Paper~: E,;,-.:: --

481, 487; 2:37. The reference rug?-: 24' Maryland wills, 4:265.

3 2 did not write the names of %e f(:frt or in one of the several ~e:rl patents for land within the r :f ice accept Wharton's listing e . r s development of the land xc ,~ r r ed . r 2:readv mentioned were the

. .. s r .c:ers who had arrived with

I Crr 1-smor Lovelace, 1 Septem- Zzstle adjoining Gerrit the

i-r: 1 red by them. In 1671 Char- - - 1 I ?.r H e n n remained in New :r :5:-7. he acquired Thomas

dlci ;?fore 7 February 1676/7 --. - -:I ro Justa Andersson. 228

r I: r C~ptain Carr on 1 August .,--=- i L . . - .. Island with three other

r r .indros issued a patent to . , o L T . ~ LOLS occupied by Snelling . %. ,

- - T3s lists and deeds for the L . 18: $is patent was Jan Hen- r ni Hendrick and ~ i l l i a m . * ~ ' L : a ..L n t by d'Hinojossa in 1664 F -L~..- Point" on the east side

D-!? :r. l6b8 he sold this tract - , - 939 ,. _ . . - .; c.>stle.-. -At the time of

- - k.;. .-r. :he \\-idow of Andries

- . r- -'r %=:srr.ber 1708 Samuel Macbur i z e i: r Henn- Jansen, sold the lot to -Z,L-:,: - -2.: -

Nau Castle Court Jurisdiction 7 1

Hudden and was stepfather to Richard Hudden, born in 1661 .'"on 28 November 1671 Cornelis acquired the lot on the Strand owned by Hen- drick Jansen van ever (#147) where he was probably residing at the time of the census."'ComelisJorisen died in New Castle before 1678. bv which time his widow Geertie had married the widower Gerrit Otto (#91). Cornelis Jorisen was survived by one child of his own, Anna Ma- ria.235 Geertie died in 1685 . ' ~~

Jan Harmansen, Dutch, received 235 guilders for his work helping to quell the Long Finn Rebellion in carpenter by trade. he married by 1677 Catharine, the widow of Hans Bones (#163), and purchased the former lot of Hendrick Jansen van Jever (#147) from Gerrit Otto, 5 November 1678. Jan Harmansen died by 1693, survived by his widow Catharine and two daughters, Dorcas and ~ n n . ~ ~ ~

Pieter or Pierre Jegoe purchased "Lazy Point" on the NewJersey side of Matinicum Island from Cornelis Jorison and his associates in 1668 and secured a license to operate an ordinary there from Governor Car- teret. In 1670 this property was plundered by the Indians and Jegoe was taken prisoner.2" He was soon freed and thereafter lived at Deer Point in New Castle County until he so1d"Lazy Point" in 1683 .~~ ' He then moved to Cecil County where his will was proved 1 April 1 6 8 7 . ~ ~ ' The will indicates that he died without issue.

Hendrick Jacobs Falkenberg from Holstein was married to a daugh- ter of Sinnick Broer (#84) and undoubtedly living at Deer Point in 1671. He soon went into partnership with PieterJegoe and became the lessee

233 Baptism. N m York Dutch Church, 61; NCR, 2:109. Richard Hudden died in 1695, survived by a son Andrew Hudden. New Castle wills, B:7-8.

2 3 4 ~ ~ 2 d , 19:410. 235 PAZd, 19:410; New Castle County deeds, A-1:1 1. '" NCR, 2:109. 237 M'HM, Delaware Papers: English, 9. 238 1693 tax list, PGM, 37:5; PAZd, 19:408-10; New Castle County deeds, E1:229-30. 239 UCR, 190; BCR, 67-68; NJA, 21:30-31; NYHM, DeLawarePapers: English, 29, His house

at Lazy Point was still unoccupied on 10 September 1672 when the Quaker missionaly George Fox stayed over night at his "old house, which the Indians had forced the people to leave." Rufus M. Jones, The Journal ofGeorgeFox (Friends United Press, 1976), 515.

2 4 0 ~ ~ , Delaware Papers: English, 74, 79, 91; NCR, 1:49, 53, 133, 161, 163, 454, 472, 481, 487; 237. The references suggest that he resided at Deer Point.

241 Maryland wills, 4265.