Courses 2

BAHRIA UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD

FACULTY OF EARTH & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

COURSE PACK

PROGRAM: BS Geology

SEMESTER: 7th

COURSE TITLE: Engineering Geology

COURSE CODE: GEOL 410

CREDIT HOURS: 3

WEEK NO. COURSE TITLE TO BE TAUGHT

1. Mass Movement

2. Mass Movement

3. Soil Mechanics – Physical properties



6. Soil Mechanics – Engineering properties



9. MID TERM EXAMINATION

10. Rock Mechanics – Physical properties

11. Rock Mechanics – Physical properties

12. Rock Mechanics – Engineering properties

13. Tunneling – Nomenclature & supports

14. Tunneling – Geological studies for tunnel route

15. Dam – Nomenclature & types

16. Dam – Geological studies for dam construction

17. Construction Material

18. FINAL EXAMINATION



COURSE PACK

PROGRAM: BS Geophysics

SEMESTER: 5th

COURSE TITLE: Geology of Pakistan


CREDIT HOURS: 3


1. Physio-geographic divisions of Pakistan

2. Stratigraphy of Kohat – Potwar basin (Paleozoic era)

3. Stratigraphy of Kohat – Potwar basin (Mesozoic era)

4. Stratigraphy of Kohat – Potwar basin (Cenozoic era)

5. Stratigraphy of Sulaiman basin (Mesozoic era)

6. Stratigraphy of Sulaiman basin (Cenozoic era)

7. Stratigraphy of Kirthar basin (Mesozoic era)

8. Stratigraphy of Kirthar basin (Cenozoic era)


10. Stratigraphy of Baluchistan basin (Chagai Region)

11. Stratigraphy of Baluchistan basin (Makran Region)

12. Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis

13. Ophiolites of Pakistan

14. Kohistan Island Arc


16. Chagai Magmatic Arc





COURSE PACK


SEMESTER: 3rd

COURSE TITLE: Stratigraphy & Geology of Pakistan


CREDIT HOURS: 3

WEEK NO. COURSE SUBJECT / TITLE TO BE TAUGHT

1. Origin of solar system

2. Physio-geographic divisions of Pakistan & Geological Time Scale

3. Geological historical event with respect to Paleozoic era

4. Geological historical event with respect to Mesozoic era

5. Geological historical event with respect to Cenozoic era

6. Stratigraphy of Kohat – Potwar basin (Paleozoic era)

7. Stratigraphy of Kohat – Potwar basin (Mesozoic era)

8. Stratigraphy of Kohat – Potwar basin (Cenozoic era)


10. Laws & types of stratigraphy

11. Stratigraphy of Sulaiman basin (Mesozoic era)

12. Stratigraphy of Sulaiman basin (Cenozoic era)

13. Stratigraphy of Kirthar basin

14. Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis

15. Ophiolites of Pakistan




BAHRIA UNIVERSITY ,ISLAMABAD


Course Pack

PROGRAM: BS (Geo/Geop/ES)

SEMESTER: 4th

CLASS: BS

COURSE TITLE: Advance Maths

COURSE CODE: MAT 215

CREDIT HOURS: Three (3)

Tentative Weekly Teaching Plan

WEEK # TOPICS TO BE COVERED REMARKS SIGNATURE

1 Introduction, midpoint ,distance Formula Centre and radius of Circle and Exercise Different coord.systems and exercises

2

Translation of Axes and exercises Revision of limit, cont. differentiability of single

variable Epsilon-Delta def. and exercises

3

Finding deltas algebraically and exercises Intro. To severable variables, limit cont.differ.of

sev.vars Simultaneous and repeated limits and problems

4

Cont. and types of discount And problems on several vars.

Partial derivatives of first and higher orders and exercises

Intro. To gamma function and some properties of it.

5

Some problems solved with the help of gamma fun

Linearization of fun. Of single var.and differentials and exercises.

Linearization of fun. Of three vars.and differentials and exercises.

6

Linearization of fun. Of three vars.and differentials, and exercises.

Some problems on max and min. of function of two variables

Error bound for the linearization of the fun. Of single two three vars. And exercises

7

Definition of multiple integrals types of regions, stronger and weaker forms of Fubuni’s theorem.

Multiple integrals in Cartesian and polar forms and exercises

Multiple integrals in cylindrical and spherical cords and exercises.

8

Jacobian transformation and some problems on multiple integrals.

How to change the order of integration and its use in different coord. Systems.

Some problems of change of order of integration.

9

Some important funs. Exponential, logarithmic, sinusoidal, Hyperbolic, trigonometric, some special Integrals and their solution.

Theory of differential equation, basic ideas about order degree linearity and Homogeneity and nonhomogenity of a given differential equation.

Diff. Eqs of first order, seperable and homogeneous and exercises.

10

Exact, linear,Bernoulli type and exercises. Riccati, Clairaut and Wronskian and exercises. Nature of the roots of differential eq. how to write

complementary solution seeing the nature.

11

Intro.to second order d.eqs and method of inverse operators and exercises.

Method for undetermined coefficients and some problems.

Method of variation of parameters and some problems.

12

Method of reduction of order, Cauchy-Euler equation and some problems.

Even and Odd Funs. And main ideas of fourier series expansion method.

Fourier series on half and full ranges and some problems.

13

Fourier sine and cosine series,convergence of series.

Laplace Transform technique definition and basic formulas.

Application of laplace transform to o.d.es.

14

Different methods of calculating inverse laplace transforms.

Fourier Transform, definition, notation, transforms of some elementary functions.

Application of Fourier Transfrom to differential equation and integral froms.

15

Some problems using Fourier Transfrom. Inverse transform and relevant problems. Further problems on Fourier and inverse

transform.

16 Revision

Biostratigraphy

Semester: 8th

Theory

What is Biostratigraphy? Concept of Stage and Zone, Rock Stratigraphic Units, Biostratigraphic Units- The Biozone, Naming Biostratigraphic Units, Introducing the Basis for Biostratigraphic Zonation: Changes in Organisms through time, Distribution of Organisms in Space: Paleobiogeography, Dispersal of Organisms, Barriers to Dispersal, Correlation with Fossils, Stratigraphic ranges and zones, Percentage of common Texa, Index Fossils, Morphologic Features, Time and Time Rock Units, Accuracy of Correlation,

Bahria University, Islamabad Campus (Department Of Environmental Sciences)

LECTURE PLANCourse Title: Calculus and Analytical GeometryCourse Code: MAT-110Credit Hours: 3Semester: 2Pre-requisite: None Course Objectives: The objectives of this course are:

1. To discuss in detail and systemic way the rules and techniques of finding limits and continuity of functions for single valued as well as for the multi valued functions

2. Finding ordinary derivatives/partial derivatives of every type of functions.3. To discuss comprehensively several techniques of integration.4. To discuss infinite sequences and infinite series.5. Representing a function by a Taylor and Maculaurin series.6. Maximization and Minimization of functions.7. The concept of multiple integrals with applications.8. Vector and analytic geometry in space.

Course outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course the student will master the following:

1. Finding limits and continuity of functions.2. Evaluating limits and continuity of function of several variables. 3. Finding ordinary/partial derivatives of every type of functions.4. Evaluating all types of integrals.5. Finding the convergence and divergence of infinite series by using Integral test, Ratio test, Root

test and divergent test.6. Representing a function by Taylor and Maculaurin series.7. Finding extreme values, points of inflection and saddle points.8. Finding multiple integrals, Fubini’s theorem, areas, moments, Volume of a region in space.9. Three dimensional analytic geometry10. Equations of lines and planes in space, Vectors in space.

Attendance, Assignments and Quizzes1. Every class is important. Every student is expected to attend every lecture. However, 75% attendance is mandatory. Every student must reach the class room in time. A student must not leave the class room during the lecture unless it is essential. 2. Students are required to take all tests. No make-up test will be given under normal circumstances.3. No assignment will be accepted after due date. Students are expected to submit their own solutions of the assignments.

Evaluation Criteria:

Assignments/projects: 15+5= 20%Quizzes: 15%Mid-Term: 25%Final: 40%

Quizzes Schedule

Quiz # 1 Week 4Quiz # 2 Week 6Quiz # 3 Week 8Quiz # 4 Week 12

Assignments

Assignments Delivery of Assignments Submission dateAssignment # 1 Week 2 Week 3Assignment # 2 Week 4 Week5Assignment # 3 Week 6 Week 7Assignment # 4 Week 8 Week 9

Weekly Plan:Week#

Topic covered Remarks Signature

1 1st Hour Informal definition of Limit, examples, rules for finding limits.2nd Hour concept of one sided limit, Examples3rd Hour Exercises, continuity of functions, rules of continuity,

2 1st Hour Exercises on continuity.2nd Hour Rate of change of functions, slopes, equations of tangents3rd Hour Exercises

3 1st Hour Definition of derivative, Differentiation Rules, examples, e

2nd Hour Derivatives of Trigonometric/inverse Trign./ Hyperbolic Functions, examples3rd Hour Derivatives of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions, examples

4 1st Hour Exercises 2nd Hour The chain rule, Implicit differentiation, higher order derivatives, exercises.

3rd Hour Indeterminate forms and L’ Hospital Rule, examples and Exercises

5 1st Hour Antiderivatives, Deriving the integration formulas, The substitution Rule, Examples2nd Hour Integration by parts, Tabular integration, examples3rd Hour Trigonometric integrals, Examples and exercises

6 1st Hour Trigonometric substitutions, Examples2nd Hour Exercises3rd Hour Integration of Rational functions by Partial Fractions,rules for Partial Fraction decomposition

7 1st Hour Partial Fractions continued, Examples and Exercises2nd Hour Rationalizing substitutions, The Weierstrass Substitution3rd Hour Infinite Sequences, Infinite Series, Examples.

8 1st Hour Taylor and Maclaurin Series2nd Hour Exercises3rd Hour The Integral Test, Examples and Exercises Mid term Exam

9 1st Hour The Comparison Test, Examples, exercises.2nd Hour Ratio and Cauchy-Root Test, examples.3rd Hour Exercises

10 1st Hour Functions of several variables, examples. 2nd Hour Linearization of a function, chain rule, examples.

3rd Hour Exercises. Partial derivatives. 11 1st Hour Laplace/Euler equations, exercises.

2nd Hour Double integrals, areas, examples.3rd Hour Fubnni’s theorem and Exercises.

12 1st Hour Moments, center of mass, examples.2nd Hour Exercises.3rd Hour Triple integrals, volumes, examples.

13 1st Hour Exercises.2nd Hour vectors in space, example.3rd Hour Concept of lines/planes in space geometry, examples.

14 1st Hour Angle between lines and planes in space. measurement of distance.2nd Hour Exercises.3rd Hour Equation of sphere, examples.

15 1st Hour Cartesian/polar/cylindrical coordinates, examples.2nd Hour Exercises.3rd Hour How to find extreme values, examples.

16 1st Hour Exercises, Absolute maxima/minima.2nd Hour Points of inflections, Saddle points, examples.3rd Hour Exercises. Terminal Exam

Recommended Books: 1. G.B. Thomas and R.L Finny, Calculus and analytic Geometry,9th Edition, John Willy and Sons, 20032. E.W. Swokowski, Calculus and analytic Geometry, 4th Edition, Pws.Kent Publishing company, Boston 3. Calculus and Analytical Geometry by Howard. Anton

MAT-110 Calculus and Analytical Geometry (3CH)Book: Calculus, By Earl W. Swokowski, Sixth Edition.

Course outline:Limits and Continuity: Limit of a Function and Theorems on Limits, One-Sided Limit, Limit at Infinity, Continuity of a Function, Intermediate Value Theorem.Derivatives: Techniques for Differentiation, Derivatives of Functions (algebraic and transcendental functions), Chain Rule, Implicit Differentiation, Higher Derivatives, L’ Hopital’s Rule.Integration: Rules for Integration, Integration by Substitution, by Parts and by Partial Fractions, Trigonometric Integrals and Trigonometric Substitutions, Definite Integrals, Arc Length and Area between Curves.Sequences and Series: Sequences, Convergent or Divergent Series, Ratio and Root Test, Alternating Series and Absolute Convergence, Power Series, Power Series Representations of Functions, Maclaurin and Taylor Series.Analytical Geometry: Line, Circle and Conic section.

B.S-6

Course title: Technical WritingCourse Code: Eng-121Credit Hours: Three (3)Pre Requisite: NoneAims & Objectives: Good communications are essential in any career a professional

chooses. Jobs, promotions, raises and professional prestige result from one’s ability to present both written and visual information effectively. With so much to stake, a person needs a simple road map to direct him toward writing excellence.Technical Communication: A practical approach is such a map. Technical communication is generic term, for all written and oral communications done on the job-whether in business industry or other professions. It is identified with documents in technology, engineering, science, the health professions and other fields with specialized vocabularies.Technical writing, Professional writing, Business writing and Occupational writing refer to writing done in one’s career.It places greater emphasis on techniques of organization and format that help readers find important information as quickly as possible.The more the students know about some basic technical writing skills, the better job of writing they are likely to do. And that will be good for the projects they work on, for the organization they work in and most of all –good for them and their career.

Contents: WEEK 1) Introduction to Technical Writing.

Defining technical communication Features of academic writing Features of technical communication Determining the purpose Analyzing your readers Writing initial drafts & revising drafts Opening and closing paragraphs

2) Letter Writing Formal and informal letters Formats of formal letters Standard and optional parts of letter Punctuation, paragraphing, spacing Direct (Deductive) and indirect (inductive) approach Inquiry and order letters Replies to inquiry and order letter

3) Memorandum and Emails Guidelines for writing emails Formats of Memos and guidelines for writing

4) Describing and summarizing technical information Précis writing- Rules and making sentences short

grammatically Difference between summary and Précis Picking up main ideas and identifying supporting

details5) Professional Presentations

Writing steps Types of delivery of speeches (Presentations) Role of audio visual aids Requirements for speaker and speech

6) Writing C.V and Job Applications Cover letter: Different formats and requirements C.V: Features of designing biodata

7) Grammar, Listening skills, Speaking skills and Reading skills Global listening: for main ideas (Taped Programms) Sub skills of reading: Skimming, Scanning, Intensive

and Extensive Reading Different topics for speaking skills Grammar activities: article, voice, phrases, clauses,

sentence structures etc.8) Ethics and Globalism in the workplace

Corporate culture in the new century Elements of a company’s culture The Global workplace Ethics on the job

9) Page Design Guidelines for page design Fonts and color Computers in the writing process

10) Process Descriptions and Instructions Guidelines for describing descriptions Guidelines for Instructions

11) Report Writing: Formal and Informal Formal – Analytical Reports- Guidelines for writing. Informal – Conference, Periodic, Progress Reports. Formats – letter format, Memo format.

12) Proposals and Feasibility Studies Guidelines for Writing Formal and Informal Proposals Cover/Title Page. Table Contents Executive Summary Introduction Discussion Section Conclusion Guidelines for Feasibility Studies.

13) Graphics Terms in Graphics General guidelines for using Colors, Fonts, Graphics Specific Guidelines for Tables Pie charts Line charts Flow charts Te Technical Drawings Misuse of Graphics – Description of Prob.

14) Technical Research Getting Started Searching Online Catalogue, Library

Using Questionnaires and Interviews Using Borrowed information Correctly Settling a Documentation System Writing Research Abstracts

Recommended Text Books:

1- Business English Writing for the Global Workplace (Grammar) By Dona J. Young

2- Communication Sills for Engineers Sunita Mishra C. Muralkrishna 3- Business Letters for all (Oxford

University Press) 4- Effective Technical Communication

(Mc Craw Hill Companies)Ashraf Rizvi

5- Technical Communication A Practical Approach (6th Edition) William Sanoborn Pfeiffer T.V.S Padmaja

Lecture Plan

Course Title: Mineralogy & CrystallographySemester: B.S II Course Code: GEOL-115Credit Hours: 3 Pre-Requisite: GEOL-105

ObjectivesAt the end of this course the students will be able to

Define crystal Familiarize with elements of symmetry Describe normal classes of crystal systems Describe physical properties of minerals

Outline of Lecture Plan

Week Topics

Week 1- Introduction to Crystallography- Characteristics of crystals- Terms related to crystals

Week 2

- Process of crystallization- Concept of symmetry

Week 3-Laws of crystallography -Elements of symmetry

Week4 - Symmetry operation- Types of symmetry operation

Week 5 - Crystal notation- Crystallographic axes- Crystal systems

Week 6- Axial ratios- Parameters- Miller indices- Classes of crystal systems

Week 7- Crystal forms; open & closed- Normal classes of crystal systems

Week 8- Lab work: study of symmetry of crystal

models

Week 9 Mid Term Exam

Week 10- Introduction to mineralogy- Definition & explanation of term “mineral”

Week 11- Physical properties of minerals

Week 12- Introduction to chemical mineralogy- Chemical analysis- Derivation of chemical formula of minerals

Week 13- Lab: Activity about rock forming minerals

Week 14- Description of oxide minerals- Description of sulphate minerals- Description of carbonate minerals

Week 15- Lab: Hardness

Week 16 - Description of sulphosalts minerals- Description of sulphide minerals- Description of halide minerals

Week 17- Description of silicate minerals- Lab: Tenacity & other special properties

Week 18 Review & Final Exam

Books Recommended

Principles of Mineralogy by William Mineralogy by Perkins Minerals and Rocks by Kleins An introduction to Rock Forming Minerals by Deer, Howie & Zussiman

Rutley’s Elements of Mineralogy Evaluation Criteria

- Midterm Exam (25%)- Final Exam (40%)- Assignments & Presentation (20%)- Quiz (15%)

BAHRIA UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD.

SYLLABUS

DEPARTMENT OF EARTH & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES.

Course: GEOL-415 Economic Geology (4 CH; Sem.S-2009)

Learning Goals: This Course is aimed at making the students familiar

with different types of economic mineral deposits, their modes of

occurrence, origin, processes and conditions of formation. The course

begins with making the student familiar with basic terminology and

history of economic geology, and mineral commodities nomenclature. The

students learn about the genesis of ore deposits; and how to describe the

ore textures, mineral and chemical compositions of ores and industrial

minerals. They acquire knowledge on the common models of ore deposits

based on their geological attributes. The uses of important mineral

commodities are also emphasized. Topics of special mention include wall

rock alteration, zoning, and paragenesis.

The course enables students to identify common ore minerals in hand

specimens and polarized reflected light microscopic views.

Activities: 1. Lectures are held in an active learning environment, to encourage interaction amongst students. Activities are organized to develop skills of active learning, critical thinking, oral and written communication, and group / team work; without loss of the course contents.

2. Lab exercises are done to learn ore microscopic techniques and to determine the hand specimen properties; and reflected light properties of common ore minerals and their textures.

3. Critiques on published journal articles on topics of petrology is required. The instructor is available for consultation regarding its details and the sources.

4. Homework assignments are given relevant to the course contents. Preparation of Power Point presentations, illustrated with sketches and photographs.

5. Outside class-room, interaction amongst students is encouraged. Schedule: Classes begin: February 9, 2009. Normally, 3 lectures and one lab session are held per week scheduled as follows: Wednesdays & Thursdays, 12.15 pm to 2.10 pm; in Class-room NC-4. Special lab sessions may be arranged elsewhere, and announced. 4. Other relevant literature and web sources are consulted to reinforce the topics.

WEEKLY LEARNING SCHEDULE:

WEEK # TOPICS to be learned

1. Introduction and historical development of economic geology. Basic terminology. 2. Importance of mineral deposits: Important mineral commodities and their

uses.

LECTURE QUIZ # 1 LAB. QUIZ # 1:

3. Classification of mineral deposits. Lindgren’s classification. Various ore deposit models.

4. Processes of formation of mineral deposits: Igneous processes, magmatic segregation deposits. PGE deposits.

5. Granophile miner al deposits. Ores of I- and S-type granitic magmas. Ores of mafic magmas. Deposits of chromite, manganese, reference to Pakistan.

LECTURE QUIZ # 2.

6. Hydrothermal deposits. Epithermal gold deposits. LAB QUIZ # 2: 7. VMS deposits. Kuroko deposits. Black smokers. Carlin-type gold deposits.

8. Porphyry copper deposits. Wall rock alteration. Saindak deposit.

9. Skarn deposits. Metasomatism.

MID- TERM EXAM. # 110. Surficial processes. Sedimentaray deposits. MVT deposits. Sedex type deposits. Sandstone-hosted U deposits. Unconformity- type U

deposits.

11. Evaporites. Deposits of salt, gypsum. Calcrete –hosted deposits.

12. Residual and mechanical concentration. Placer deposits. Laterites.

13. Oxidation and supergene sulphide enrichment. Gossans.

14. Metamorphism of mineral deposits.

15. Physical and chemical controls of mineral deposition. Paragensis and zoning.

16. Occurrence , association of ore deposits. Relationship of mineral deposits to plate tectonic settings. Metallogeny.

17. Gemstones and their occurrence in Pakistan.

LECTURE QUIZ # 3

17. Deposits of copper, lead, zinc, iron, gold, bauxite, sulphur, barite,

fluorite, clays, phosphorite, building stones, industrial rocks, radioactive

minerals and rocks with special reference to deposits in Pakistan. 18. Introduction of geological exploration, prospecting.

LABORATORY SCHEDULES:LAB # TOPIC

1-3.Hand specimens studies of common metallic minerals.4. Hand specimens studies of common industrial minerals. LAB. QUIZ # 1: 5. Visit to the Pakistan Museum of Natural History. 6. Ore microscopic examination of polished thin sections.. LAB QUIZ # 2:7-10. Ore microscopic examination of polished thin sections.. LAB QUIZ:11.Visit to PMDC office for briefing on mineral projects. 12-14 Introductory calculations of ore grades. 15. Field visit to a mining site.. 16. Visit to geological survey of Pakistan for mineral projects.17-18. Case study of a mining project. .

LAB EXAMINATION # 2

Resources: BOOKS YOU MAY LIKE TO READ:

● Laurence Robb, 2005. Introduction to Ore-Forming Processes. Blackwell Publishing. ● Moon, C.J., Whateley, M.K.G., Evans, A.M. (Editors), 2006. Introduction to Mineral Exploration, 2nd Edition.

Wellmer, F.-W., 1986. Economic Evaluations in Exploration. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 163 p.

● C. F. Park & R. A. MacDiarmid, 1970. Ore Deposits. W. H. Freeman & Co.

● R.G.Roberts and P.A. Sheahan (Editors), 1988. Ore Deposit Models. Geoscience Canada, Reprint Series #3.

● Other relevant literature, on-line sources, and CLASS HANDOUTS as required. The handouts will be provided to summarize a few of the essential topics. These will supplement the textbook.

● Ahmad, Zaki. 1969. Directory of Mineral Deposits of Pakistan. Geological Survey of Pakistan. 2. LAB- BOOK: Cameron: Ore Microscopy.

Paul Ramdhor (1982) Ore Minerals and their intergrowths, 2nd Edition,.Volumes 1 & 2, Pergamon Press, Oxford.

TERM PAPER: At least one term paper may be submitted on any topic of economic geology. The instructor will be available for consultation regarding its details and the sources. Term paper length may be 8 to10 pages of A4-size; which may be handwritten. All sources consulted be listed. Term-paper topic selection before: March 9, 2009; submission by April 10, 2009.Suggested topics include the following: Porphyry copper deposits with examples from Pakistan..Chromite deposits of Pakistan.Gemstones of Pakistan.Sedex deposits of Duddar base metal mineralization.Prospects of gold occurrences in Pakistan.. Placer deposits.. Properties and uses of aggregates. Iron ore occurrences of Pakistan.Geology of coal deposits of Pakistan.

Other topics not presented elsewhere, with prior consent of the instructor.GRADE EVALUATION:

Class attendance = 5 % Term Paper/critique = 5 %

All quizzes = 15%

Mid-term major exam = 25% Lab work = 5 %

Final Comprehensive Lect. Exam. = 40% Field Report or homework = 5 %

LETTER GRADES:

A = 87-100% C+= 66 - 71%

F< 50

L Later on

B+= 80-86%

C= 60-65%

Iattendance<80%

B= 72 - 79%

D=50- 59%

WWithdrawn

RULES: In all exams and assignments, students are expected to follow and obey the Rules of Bahria University.

ATTENDANCE IN CLASSES: is required in the lectures and in the lab sessions. An excuse for absence will be entertained if endorsed by the Student Affairs Department. Regular attendance will be rewarded; but an "I" grade will be reported for any student whose unexcused absence exceeds 20% of the total class/lab hours.

MAKE-UP EXAMINATIONS: are not allowed for any absence in quizzes or exams without acceptable excuse. In the case of illness or other documented non-scheduled absence, make-up may be done within one week of return to class at the discretion of the instructor.

INSTRUCTOR’S AVAILABILITY: Apart from classes and labs, the instructor will be available in his office not

only in his office hours but also any time during all the working hours for discussing any matter or problem related to the studies, lab work, homework, term paper, etc. Students are welcome to contact the instructor ANYTIME for consultation or assistance pertaining to the understanding of lectures and lab work.

HEC- recommended course for Economic Geology (GEOL-510): Introduction to economic minerals and rocks and their classification. Processes of formation of economic mineral deposits: magmatic segregation, hydrothermal solution, metasomatism, sedimentation, evaporation, residual and mechanical concentration and metamorphism. Relationship of mineral deposits to plate tectonic settings. Introduction of geological exploration / prospecting. Brief description of hydrocarbons, coal, gemstones, copper, lead, zinc, iron, gold, chromite, manganese, salt, gypsum, bauxite, sulphur, barite, fluorite, clays, phosphorite, building stones, industrial rocks and radioactive minerals and rocks with special reference to deposits in Pakistan. LAB: Identification and description of ores and industrial minerals / rocks. Grade and reserve estimation of deposits.

Bahria University IslamabadFaculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences

Course Outline

Course Title: English IICourse Code: Eng 104Credit Hours:3Semester: 2nd

Course Objectives

The aim is to provide the students with a course that focuses on their needs as learners of English in the present day. Accordingly, the emphasis will be on the communicative use of contemporary English for practical purposes. The course will, therefore , provide material not only to extend the students’ general language proficiency, but also to systematically develop their abilities to use English as a tool for study and to prepare them for their future careers.

Course RequirementAttendance and Class participation: 10 MarksMid -Term : 25 MarksQuizzes, Class assignments: 25 MarksFinal Term :40 Marks

Attendance :Regularity and PunctualityThe university adheres to strict attendance policy , therefore professional conduct is expected throughout the course. The attendance would be taken at the beginning of each class. Any student entering the class late would be marked absent. 80% attendance is mandatory.

Conduct and BehaviourThere will be substantial teamwork in the class. The performance of the team members would be evaluated individually and collectively by the instructor .

Unannounced Quizzes

There will be unannounced quizzes taken randomly throughout this course. There will be absolutely no makeup for these quizzes.

Course Outline

Vocabulary Building Skills Essay Writing Summary Writing Descriptive Writing Speaking with Purpose Tips for Effective Presentation Dealing with Arguments Analyzing Theme of Written text Reading and Comprehension Effective Listening Letter Writing Presentation Skills Developing Reading skills



COURSE PACK


SEMESTER: BS 2 Geophysics

COURSE TITLE:English ll

COURSE CODE: ENG-104

CREDIT HOURS: 3 hrs.


1. Introduction

Language and its importance in the communication process

Characteristics 0f Message sender and Receiver

Different forms of Communication(verbal and Non-Verbal)

Dealing with arguments

Analyzing themes of written text

Interactive exercise (opinions, agreeing and disagreeing)2. Describing people’s character and personality

Parts of SpeechSynonyms and AntonymsDescribing people’s character and personalityParts of SpeechAssignment 1.

3. Quiz 1Food Quantifiers(words and expressions)Use of articlesCharacteristics of a short Story Unity of plot CharactersTheme

4. Units and Containers Expressions)Assignment 2 How to give an effective presentationConfidence building measures Overcoming Stage fright

5. Vocabulary usage exercisesDialogue practice

6. Vocabulary BuildingPresentation 1

7. Comprehension Passage Movie Viewing Worksheet

8. Descriptive Writing with contrastFigurative Language


10. Use of PrepositionsAbbreviations and AcronymsSummarizing a passage

11. Notices and WarningsLetter writing

12. Time and sequenceEssay Writing

Dialogue Practice13. Similarities, differences and condition

Writing with contrastCritically analyzing a poem

14. AdverbsTypes of EssaysStory Writing

15. IdiomsMovie ViewingWorksheet

16. Word PuzzleWord WorldRole PlayingInteractive Exercises

17. Revision week


Recommended Readings:

Cutting Edge :Students Book (inc. mini-dictionary)

Author: Cunningham, Sarah & Moor, PeterPublisher: Longman

Publication Date: 1998

Book: New Headway Intermediate

Author: Soars, John & Soars, Liz

Publisher: Oxford University Press


Book: Practical English UsageAuthor: Swan, MPublisher: Oxford University PressPublication Date: 1995

http://www.englishforum.com/cgi-bin/00/books/b1/db.pl?uid=pub&nh=1&mh=30&view_records=Search&p=1&Author=Cunningham,+Sarah+&+Moor,+Peter

http://www.englishforum.com/cgi-bin/00/books/b1/db.pl?uid=pub&nh=1&mh=30&view_records=Search&p=1&Pub=Oxford+University+Press

http://www.englishforum.com/cgi-bin/00/books/b1/db.pl?uid=pub&nh=1&mh=30&view_records=Search&p=1&Author=Swan,+M


http://www.englishforum.com/cgi-bin/00/books/b1/db.pl?uid=pub&nh=1&mh=30&view_records=Search&p=1&Author=Soars,+John+&+Soars,+Liz

http://www.englishforum.com/cgi-bin/00/books/b1/db.pl?uid=pub&nh=1&mh=30&view_records=Search&p=1&Pub=Longman

Bahria University IslamabadDepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences

Course Outline

Course Title: English ICourse Code:Eng 103Credit Hours:3Semester: 1st

Course Objectives

The aim is to provide the students with a course that focuses on their needs as learners of English in the present day. The course is designed with the prime objective of helping learners to improve and systematically develop their language proficiency . It would include practice in all four language skills namely reading, writing, listening and speaking .

Course RequirementAttendance and Class participation: 10 MarksMid -Term : 25 MarksQuizzes, Class assignments: 25 MarksFinal Term :40 Marks

Attendance :Regularity and PunctualityThe university adheres to strict attendance policy , therefore professional conduct is expected throughout the course. The attendance would be taken at the beginning of each class. Any student entering the class late would be marked absent.80% attendance is mandatory.

Conduct and BehaviourThere will be substantial teamwork in the class. The performance of the team members would be evaluated individually and collectively by the instructor.

Unannounced Quizzes

There will be unannounced quizzes taken randomly throughout this course. There will be absolutely no makeup for these quizzes.

English I

Course Contents

Use of Grammar in context Idioms Tenses: Meaning and Use Use of articles and preposition Oral Communication Skills(listening and Speaking) Express ideas/opinions on topic related to students’ lives and experience Participate in classroom discussions on contemporary issues Reading (skimming and scanning) Generating ideas using a variety of strategies e.g. brainstorming Developing a Paragraph outline(topic sentence and supporting details) Vocabulary building skills Creative Writing(story writing)

Descriptive Writing (people, places and things)



COURSE PACK

PROGRAM: BS Environmental Sciences

SEMESTER: BS 1st Semester

COURSE TITLE:English l

COURSE CODE: ENG -103

CREDIT HOURS: 3 hrs.


19. IntroductionParts of Speech Reading for Understanding (exercise and worksheet)

20. Describing people’s appearance Describing emotions Describing feelingsUse of pronounsUse of articles (definite and indefinite)

21. Homograph and HomophonesPrefix and suffixClass discussion (First Impressions)

22. Adjectives and AdverbsStatement and QuestionsHomonymsParagraph Writing techniques

23. Compound WordsComprehension PassageQuiz 1

24. Assignment 1Compound words Use of nouns

25. Types of Reading SkimmingScanningComparative and Superlatives

26. Commonly confused wordsDescriptive writingQuiz ll


28. Movie viewingWorksheet

29. Tips for Effective PresentationStory WritingQuiz lll

30. Enacting a scriptLinking wordsAssignment ll

31. Letters (Informal)Use of well,good, less,little,least in sentencesQuiz lV

32. Comprehension PassageUse of tenses Assignment lll

33. Movie Viewing Worksheet

34. Final project Presentation

35. Revision


Recommended Readings:

Book: Current English Grammar

Author: Sylvia Chalker



Book: English Grammar Word by Word

Author: Sylvia Chalker



Book:Oxford Companion to the English Language

Author:Sylvia Chalker





COURSE PACK

PROGRAM: BS (GEOLOGY)

SEMESTER: II

COURSE TITLE: FIELD GEOLOGY

CREDIT HOURS: 3


19. Philosophy and organizing field work. a) Geological maps and mapping. b) Selecting a field study.




c) Reconnaissance survey. d) Preparation for field work. e) Work in the field and camp. f) Completing field study and preparation of report.

20. Continue

21. Basic equipment and its uses in the field. a) Hammer its types, uses precautions during use. b) Hand lens selection and use. c) The compass, measurement of dip, strike and bearing. .

22. Basic procedure at outcrops.a. Observation in the field.b. Interpretation of outcrop.c. Taking field notes.d. Measuring strike and dip.e. Fossils and rock samples.f. Measuring attitude of liner features.

23. Continue

24. Continue

25. Identification of rocks in the field.a. General rationale.b. Texture of sedimentary rocks.c. Naming sedimentary rocks.d. Texture of igneous and metamorphic rocks and naming

them. e) Quiz-I

26. Continue Assignment -I


28. Geological mapping.a. Geological pace and compass traverseb. Finding and tracing contacts.c. Mapping geologic structures.d. Mapping on topographic basee. Location on topographic base.f. Interpretation of geologic lines on map.

29. Continue

30. Mapping on aerial photographs and imagery.a. Study of aerial photos.b. Field preparations.c. Scale and orientations of photos.d. Geologic mapping.e. Compilation of data.

31. Continue + Quiz-II

32. Stratigraphic sections.a. Measurement of stratigraphic sections.b. Presentation of stratigraphic sectionsc. Correlation techniques on different basis.

33. Continue + Assignment-II

34. Geologic illustrations.a. Structural contour maps.

b. Isopack maps.c. Lithofacies maps

35. Field work and report .a. Observation of physical features.b. Plotting on topo sheet.c. Study of geomorphic features.d. Recognition of structural features.e. Fauna observation.f. Study of primary and secondary structures.g. Quiz-III


Books (Text / Reference) Geology in the field by Robert R. Compton



COURSE PACK

PROGRAM: BS (GEOPHYSICS)

SEMESTER: Spring 2009

CLASS: II

COURSE TITLE: FIELD GEOLOGY

COURSE CODE:

CREDIT HOURS: 3

INSTRUCTOR NAME: FIRDOUS KHAN


1 Philosophy and organizing field work. a) Geological maps and mapping. b) Selecting a field study. c) Reconnaissance survey. d) Preparation for field work. e) Work in the field and camp. f) Completing field study and preparation of report.

2 Continue

3 Basic equipment and its uses in the field. a) Hammer its types, uses precautions during use. b) Hand lens selection and use. c) The compass, measurement of dip, strike and bearing. .

4 Basic procedure at outcrops.a. Observation in the field.b. Interpretation of outcrop.c. Taking field notes.d. Measuring strike and dip.e. Fossils and rock samples.f. Measuring attitude of liner features.

5 Continue

6 Continue

7 Identification of rocks in the field.a) General rationale.b) Texture of sedimentary rocks. c) Naming sedimentary rocks.

d) Texture of igneous and metamorphic rocks and naming them + Quiz-I

8 Continue + Assignment-I

9 MID TERM EXAMINATION

10 Geological mapping.a. Geological pace and compass traverseb. Finding and tracing contacts.c. Mapping geologic structures.d. Mapping on topographic basee. Location on topographic base.f. Interpretation of geologic lines on map.

11 Continue

12 Mapping on aerial photographs and imagery.g. Study of aerial photos.h. Field preparations.i. Scale and orientations of photos.j. Geologic mapping.k. Compilation of data.

13 Continue + Quiz-II

14 Stratigraphic sections.

l. Measurement of stratigraphic sections.m. Presentation of stratigraphic sectionsn. Correlation techniques on different basis.

15 Continue + Assignment-II

16 Geologic illustrations.o. Structural contour maps.p. Isopack maps.q. Lithofacies maps

17 Field work and report .r. Observation of physical features.s. Plotting on toposheet.t. Study of geomorphic features.u. Recognition of structural features.v. Fauna observationw. Study of primary and secondary structuresx. Quiz-III

18 FINAL EXAMINATION

Books (Text / Reference) Geology in the field by Robert R. Compton

Course Outline

Semester 8Course Code GEOP-425Course Title Geophysical Data ProcessingPre-requisite GEOP-405 & CSC-305Credit Hours 04

Introduction; Basic principles with emphasis on mathematical analysis; Review of Fourier transforms and matrices; Basic field procedure; Computation fundamentals of interpretation techniques, and application of the geophysical methods; Development of theories of the discrete Fourier and z-transforms; Wavelets; Design of digital filters (recursive, inverse); Convolution; Auto-correlation and cross-correlation theorem; Deconvolution; transfer function; Maximum, minimum and mixed delay wavelets; Application to geophysical data.

Week #01 Overview of the Course, Books recommendation, Evaluation Criteria Integrated Geophysical Methods Scope of different geophysical methods and specially Seismic Method

Week #02 Gravity Basics and Gravity Data Acquisition Gravity Data Processing and Interpretation Gravity Lab

Week #03 Magnetic Basics and Magnetic Data Acquisition Magnetic Data Processing and Interpretation Magnetic Lab

Week #04 Electrical Basics and Electrical Data Acquisition Electrical Data Processing and Interpretation Electrical Lab

Week #05 Radioactivity Basics, Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation Well Logging / Borehole Geophysics Quiz #1

Week #06 Elementary theory of Seismic Method Stress and Strain, Types of Stress and Strain Seismic Constants and its Mathematics Seismic Waves, Their Types and Propagation Attenuation, Refraction, Reflection and Diffraction of Elastic Waves Snell’s Law, Huygen’s Principle Absorption of Seismic Waves in Earth Materials Velocities of Seismic Waves in Rocks Gardener’s Velocity-Density Relationship

Week #07 Different Seismic Sources and Recording Instruments Seismic Refraction Method, Data Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation T-X Graph and determination of Velocities/thickness, Depth Model

Week #08 Acquiring Seismic Reflection data on Land and Marine, Geometry, CDP shooting Anatomy of Seismic Sections, Noises and their types, Synthetic Seismograms,

Check-shot Survey, VSP, Revision Quiz #2

Week #09 Midterm Examinations Midterm Examinations Midterm Examinations

Week #10 Seismic Data Processing – General Flowchart Seismic Attributes (Phase, Velocity, and Frequency etc.)

Fresonal Zone, Resolution, Horizontal & Vertical Resolution

Week #11 Seismic Processing Lab-1 Seismic Processing Lab-2 Seismic Processing Lab-3

Week #12 Fundamentals of Signal Theory, Wave, Wavelet, Ricker Wavelet, Spike etc. Digital Recording and Field Data Recording Standard Tape Formats

Week #13 Normal Move outs and CDP Stack Common Pitfalls in Structural Interpretation Fourier Analysis

Week #14 Multiples Deconvolution Migration

Week #15 Presentation-1 for case studies Correlation Convolution and its methods

Week #16 Seismic Processing Lab-4 (Software) Seismic Processing Lab-5 (Software) Seismic Processing Lab-6 (Software)

Week #17 Presentation-2 for case studies The Convolution Model Quiz #3

Week #18 Presentation-3 for case studies Research Paper - 1 Research Paper - 2

Week #19 1. Presentations on the given Topics 2. Presentations on the given Topics 3. Presentations on the given Topics 4. Presentations on the given Topics

Week #201. Final Examinations2. Final Examinations3. Final Examinations



COURSE PACK

PROGRAM: BS Geophysics/Geology

SEMESTER: BS – 2

COURSE TITLE: Introduction to Geophysics

COURSE CODE: GEOP-105

CREDIT HOURS: 3

WEEK NO. COURSE TOPIC / TITLE TO BE TAUGHT

37. General introduction of the subject; brief overview of the course contentApplications of various types of Geophysical Exploration Techniques; Introduction to Gravity Method – Basic Concepts, Newton’s Law of Gravitation; Formulas used in calculating Gravitational Acceleration; Reading Assignment no. 1

38. Questioning session on the reading assignment passage; Role of Density contrast in Gravitational Exploration; Introduction to Gravity Anomalies; Gravitational Effects over Sub-surface Bodies; Difference between Absolute and Relative gravity; Methods of measuring gravitational acceleration; Instruments used for gravity measurement; Variations in gravitational acceleration; Reading Assignment no. 2

39. Questioning session on the reading assignment passage; Corrections on variations in gravitational acceleration; Summary of Gravity Types; Gravity Anomalies over Bodies with Simple Shapes; Local and Regional Gravity Anomalies

40. Isostasy and its hypotheses; Quiz No. 1; Introduction to Magnetic Prospecting; Basic Concepts and Definitions Similarities and Differences between Gravity and Magnetic Techniques; Magnetism of the earth; Assignment no. 1

41. Magnetic Induction; Magnetic Susceptibility; Mechanism for induced magnetization; PaleoMagnetism; Remanent Magnetization; Reading Assignment no. 3

42. Questioning Session on the Reading Assignment; Magnetic Field Nomenclature; Earth’s Magnetic Field; Magnetics and Geology, Variations in Earth’s Magnetic Field

43. Magnetometers; Modes of Acquiring Magnetic Data; Magnetic Cleanliness; Magnetic anomalies over subsurface bodies

44. Quiz No. 2; Active and Passive Surveys; Introduction to Electrical Exploration Technique


46. Various methods of electrical exploration; Ionization Potential, Spontaneous Potential, telluric and magneto-telluric, DC-resistivity; Reading Assignment no. 4

47. Questioning session on the reading assignment passage; DC- Resistivity Method; Basic concepts of current and potential lines; First estimate of resistivity; Apparent and true resistivities; Methods of measuring resistivity; Equipments; Depth of current penetration; Assignment no. 2

48. Current Flow in layered media; Variations of apparent resistivities in the subsurface; Resistivity soundings and profiles; Wenner and Schlumberger Array Advantages and disadvantages of Wenner and Schlumberger array; Sources of noise

49. Quiz no. 3; Introduction to Seismic Exploration Technique; Refraction and reflection Seismology; Advantages and disadvantages of seismic methods (refraction and reflection); Reading Assignment no. 5

50. Questioning session on the reading assignment passage; Elastic and seismic waves; Seismic wave velocity and rock properties; Equipment Overview; Seismic Sources

51. Seismic Refraction Method; Head waves; travel time curves; First arrivals; Determining Earth structure from travel-time curves; Derivation of Travel Time equations; Sources of Noise in Seismic Surveys

52. Seismic Reflection Method; Processing of Seismic Reflection Data; Interpretation of Seismic Reflection Data

53. Quiz No. 4; Introduction to Radioactive Exploration Technique and Well logging; Basic Concepts and Working


BOOKS (Reference / Text)

1. Introduction to Geophysical Exploration (lecture notes of each module available at http://www.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/ES304/index.html)

2. Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting (Fourth Edition)Milton B. DobrinCarl H. Savit

http://www.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/ES304/index.html

BAHRIA UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABADFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

COURSE PACKPROGRAM: BS GeologySEMESTER: 8COURSE TITLE: GIS & Computer Image ProcessingCOURSE CODE: GEOP-430CREDIT HOURS: 4WEEK NO COURSE SUBJECT / TITLE TO BE TAUGHT1 Introduction to GIS

2 Geospatial Technologies, Software3 Hardware, Data, Geodetic Concepts, Resolution, Scale and Geospatial

database4 LAB5 Digitizing with ArcGIS 9.x6 GIS Data Models, Spatial Analysis, Assignment 17 Concepts of Remote Sensing, Types of Sensors, Remote Sensing Satellites8 Quiz 1, Assignment 2, Interpretation Elements, Image Processing9 MID TERM10 ArcMAP Basics11 Introduction to Desktop GIS, Exploring ArcMap and ArcCatalog (LAB)12 ArcGIS Basics(Labeling features, Joining and Relating tables, querying data)

Quiz 2 Assignment 3(LAB)13 Digital Elevation Model, Digital Terrain Model14 Geodatabase Concepts15 Digitizing with ArcGIS 9.2 LAB, Assignment 416 Vector Data Analysis LAB, Assignment 417 Map Design Basics, Map Layout, Color and Typography18 FINAL EXAMINATION

BAHRIA UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF EARTH & ENVIRONMENTAL

SCIENCES. GEOL315 Igneous & Metamorphic Petrology (Sem.S-

2009)Faculty: Dr. Zulfiqar Ahmed.

Learning Goals: This Course is aimed at making the students familiar with different types of “hard rocks”. They learn how to describe the textures, mineral and chemical compositions of rocks and interpret their processes of formation. They acquire knowledge on the rock associations, origin, tectonic settings and conditions of formation of rocks around the world.

The lab-work enables students to identify common rock types using hand specimens and polarized light microscopic views, and calculate important parameters for petrological studies and practical applications. The students also gain some experience of interpretation of geochemical data on rocks and construction of geochemical and phase diagrams.

Activities: 1. Lectures are held in an active learning environment, to encourage interaction amongst students. Activities are organized to develop skills of active learning, critical thinking, oral and written communication, and group / team work; without loss of the course contents.

2. Lab exercises are done to determine the optical properties of component minerals and textural features of a variety of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Geochemical data on rocks is used to recalculate significant parameters and to draw useful diagrams.

3. Field trip: A week end field trip to igneous and metamorphic area, like the Mansehra region is planned to understand the large variety of rocks exposed there.

4. Critiques on published journal articles on topics of petrology is required. The instructor is available for consultation regarding its details and the sources.

5. Homework assignments are given relevant to the course contents. Preparation of Power Point presentations, illustrated with sketches and photographs.

Outside class-room, interaction amongst students is encouraged. Schedule: Classes begin: February 9, 2009. Normally, 2 lectures and one lab session are held per week scheduled as follows: Tuesdays, 9.15 am to 11.10 am in LAB-4; and Thursdays 10.15 am to 11.10 am in BH-2.

SYLLABUS

Special lab sessions may be arranged elsewhere, and announced.

Resources:1. TEXTBOOKS:Loren A. Raymond, 1995. The Study of Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks. McGraw-Hill.Blatt, H. & Tracy, R.J., 1996 PETROLOGY: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic, Second Edition. W. H. Freeman & Co., New York. Other relevant literature, on-line sources, and CLASS HANDOUTS as required.2. LABORATORY HELPBOOKS:MacKenzie, W.S. & Guilford, C. (1982) Atlas of rock-forming minerals in thin section. Longman. 3. The handouts will be provided to summarize a few of the essential topics. These will supplement the textbook. 4. Other relevant literature and web sources are consulted to reinforce the topics.

WEEKLY LEARNING SCHEDULE:

WEEK # TOPICS to be learned

1. Nature and generation of magma: Magma, its nature, physical properties. 2. Magmatic crystallization and differentiation: Magmatic evolution, and differentiation mechanisms. Bowen's reaction series. Magma contamination & assimilation. Mingling of magmas. Post-solidification alterations.

LECTURE QUIZ # 1

3. Modes of occurrence and types of extrusive & intrusive rock bodies: Various modes of occurrence of plutonic and volcanic rocks.

5. Classification of igneous rocks: Minerals of Igneous rocks. Modal analysis. Color index. Chemical constituents of igneous rocks. Methods of chemical analyses, and related calculations. CIPW Norm. Silica content. Silica saturation. Alumina saturation. IUGS classification.

6. Structures and textures of igneous rocks: : crystallinity, granularity, grain habits and fabric. Granular, porphyritic, graphic, myrmekitic, ophitic, poikilitic, spinifex, intersertal, intergranular, trachytic textures. Amygdules, coronas, kelyphitic rims. Subsolidus exsolution and inversion textures. Cumulates.

LECTURE QUIZ # 2.8. systematic study of igneous rocks.Ultramafic rocks: peridotites, dunites,

wehrlite, harzburgite, lherzolites, hornblende peridotites, garnet peridotites, plagioclase peridotites, serpentinites, serpentine minerals, mica peridotites, kimberlites, komatites.

9. Basic rocks: gabbros, norites, troctolites, anorthosites and magnesiam (ortho-) and calc-magnesiam (clino-) pyroxenites. Massive stratified complexes. Diabases, basalts, spilites, feldspathoidal rocks, trachybasalts. Lamprophyres: calc-alkaline lamprophyres, hornblende –lamprophyres, mica lamprophyres & alkaline lamprophyres.

Mid-Term Exam as per announcement by University: April 6, 2009.10. Intermediate rocks: andesites, diorites, latites, monzonites, trachyandesite, trachyte,

propylites. Syenites, feldspathoidal felsic rocks, phonolites, sodic phonolites, leucitophyres, Feldspathoidal syenites, Nepheline syenites, analcime syenites,

pyroxenites, troctolite, anorthosites, carbonatites.

11. Acidic rocks: tonalite, granodiorite, dacite, quartz monzonite, rhyodacite, adamellite, granite, rhyolite, textures of granites, China clay, granitization, contaminated acid plutonic

rocks: xenoliths & autoliths, migmatites, pegmatites, acid aplites & pegmatites, final and initial melt pegmatites, granophyres, alkali granites, chranockites, granodiorites, tonalites.

Dacites, rhyolites. acid glassy rocks, potassic rhyolites, sodic rhyolites.

12. The ophiolite suite. Igneous Rocks and Plate Tectonics.13. Experimental petrology. Phase Rule. Unary H2O and SiO2 systems. Binary systems,

solid solution, the lever rule, system MgO- H2O, sequence of equilibrium crystallization and equilibrium melting. Intermediate compounds in binary systems, congruent and incongruent melting, fractional crystallization and melting. Solid solution in binary systems. System albite-anorthite. System forsterite-fayalite. Ternary systems. Quaternary systems.

14. Processes and types of metamorphism and tectonism:

Metamorphic Processes. Definition and agents of metamorphism. Types of metamorphism. Regional, thermal & dynamic metamorphism, dislocation metamorphism, contact, dynamic and regional metamorphism. Metamorphic textures. Metamorphic recrystallization. Crystal growth in a solid medium. Crystalloblastic Series. Porphyroblasts. schistosity & lineation. Gneissic structure. Relic textures.

Regional metamorphism, Isograds & zones of regional metamorphism. Seafloor metamorphism and hydrothermal alteration. Burial metamorphism. Very low grade metamorphism. The Barrovian sequence. Regional metamorphism of mudrocks. Blueschist and eclogite facies. Contact metamorphism.

16. Metamorphic facies concept, facies series, Facies of contact -, low-grade regional -, and high grade regional – metamorphism. Metamorphic P-T-t paths and tectonics.

17. Common metamorphic rock types. Slates, slaty cleavage, spotted slates, phyllites, schists. Migmatites, Types of migmatites, diatexites. Marble. Greenstones, amphibolite. Quartzite, eclogite, granulite, skarn, serpentinite, hornfels. Iron formations and ironstones. Field relations of metamorphic rocks.

18. Graphical representation of assemblages and reactions. ACF, A’KF diagrams.

LABORATORY SCHEDULES:LAB # TOPIC1. Identification of hand specimens of igneous rocks.2. Descriptions and illustration of textures of rocks in thin sections. LAB. QUIZ # 1: Textures, mineral composition descriptions, illustration and nomenclature of

ultramafic rocks by thin section microscopy. 3. Textures and mineral composition descriptions, illustration and

nomenclature of basic rocks by thin section microscopy. 4.Textures and mineral composition descriptions, illustration and

nomenclature of intermediate rocks by thin section microscopy. LAB QUIZ # 2:6. Textures and mineral composition descriptions, illustration and nomenclature of

acidic rocks by thin section microscopy. 7. Calculation of the CIPW Norm from given chemical analysis. LAB EXAM. #18. Interpretation of binary, and ternary phase diagrams. 9. Textures, mineral composition and nomenclature of metamorphic rocks by thin section

microscopy, and in hand specimens. 11. Textures, mineral composition and nomenclature of metamorphic rocks by thin section

microscopy and in hand specimens.

12. Constructing metamorphic rocks graphical diagrams.13. Study of hand specimens of rock samples collected during the field trip.14. Study of thin sections of rock samples collected during the field trip.

BOOKS YOU MAY LIKE TO READ:Hall, A. (1996) Igneous Petrology; Second Edition. Longman Group Ltd. Williams, H., Turner, F.J. & Gilbert, C.M. (1982) Petrography, Second Edition. W. H. Freeman & Co.Schmincke, 2005. Volcanism. Springer-verlag, Berlin. TERM PAPER: At least one term paper may be submitted on any topic of petrology. The instructor will be available for consultation regarding its details and the sources. Term paper length may be 8 to10 pages of A4-size; which may be handwritten. All sources consulted be listed.

Term-paper topic selection before: March 9, 2009; submission by April 10, 2009.Suggested topics include the following: Pegmatites. Granites of Pakistan.Precambrian rocks of Pakistan. Alkaline rocks of Pakistan.Carbonatites and their significance. Petrography of Dammam dome. Petroleum reservoir rocks of Pakistan. Ophiolites of Pakistan. Mafic-ultramafic complexes. . Ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks..Subduction zone magmatism. Amphibolites.Ultrahigh pressure metamorphism The facies conceptVery low-grade metamorphismOther topics not presented elsewhere, with prior consent of the instructor.

Class attendance = 5 % Term Paper/critique = 5 %

All quizzes = 15%

Mid-term major exam = 25% Lab work = 5 %

Final Comprehensive Lect. Exam. = 40% Field Report or homework = 5 %

GRADE EVALUATION:

A = 87-100% C+= 66 - 71%

F< 50

L Later on

B+= 80-86%

C= 60-65%

Iattendance<80%

B= 72 - 79%

D=50- 59%

WWithdrawn

RULES: In all exams and assignments, students are expected to follow and obey the Rules of Bahria University.

ATTENDANCE IN CLASSES: is required in the lectures and in the lab sessions. An excuse for absence will be entertained if endorsed by the Student Affairs Department. Regular attendance will be rewarded; but an "I" grade will be reported for any student whose unexcused absence exceeds 20% of the total class/lab hours.

MAKE-UP EXAMINATIONS: are not allowed for any absence in quizzes or exams without acceptable excuse. In the case of illness or other documented non-scheduled absence, make-up may be done within one week of return to class at the discretion of the instructor.

INSTRUCTOR’S AVAILABILITY: Apart from classes and labs, the instructor will be available in his office not only in his

office hours but also any time during all the working hours for discussing any matter or problem related to the studies, lab work, homework, term paper, etc. Students

are welcome to contact the instructor ANYTIME for consultation or assistance pertaining to the understanding of lectures and lab work.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:● M G Best, 2003.Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology,2ndEdition. Blackwell Publishing. ● D.W. Hyndmann, 1995. McGraw Hill.● M. Wilson, 1989.● H. Blatt, Tracy, R. and Owens, D., 2005.● W. G. Ernst, 1975. Metamorphism and Plate Tectonic Regimes.Hutchion & Ross, Inc.● F. J. Turner, 1981.● J. D. Winter, 2001. Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice – Hall.●H. G. F. Winkler, 1987.●K. Bucher, and B. Frey, 1994. Petrogenesis of Metamorphic Rocks. Springer-Verlag.●R. W. Maitre, M. J. LeBas, A. Streckeisen, B. Zanettin, B. Bonin (Eds.) Igneous Rocks: A Classification and Glossary: Recommendations of the ● A. Miyashiro, 1994. Metamorphic Petrology. Oxford Univ Press.

HEC course GEOL-511 Ign & met Petrology: Composition, origin,differentiation and originevolution of magma.Classification of igneous rocks. Petrography and occurrence of the following series:Tholeiitic and alkali-olivine basalt. Basaltr-andesite series. Study of granites, granodiorite, syenite, carbonatite, mafic and ultramafic rocks. Lamprophyres. Facies analysis of volcanic rocks. Types of metamorphism. Grades, zones and facies of metamorphism. Metamorphic diffusion and differentiation. Study of thermal and regional metamorphism of argillaceous, calcareous and arenaceous rocks. ACF and AKF diagrams. Metamorphism in relation to plate tectonics. Development of textures and structures.

LAB: Megascopic and microscopic identification and description of igneous and metamorphic rocks.

BAHRIA UNIVERSITY ,ISLAMABAD


Course Pack

PROGRAM: BS

SEMESTER: I

COURSE TITLE: Mathematics

COURSE CODE: MAT 105

CREDIT HOURS: Three (3)

WEEK #

TOPICS TO BE COVERED

1 Quadratic Equation

2 Quadratic Equation

3 Partial Fraction

4 Number System

5 Matrices And Determinants

6 Sequences And Series

7 Mathematical Induction And Binomial Theorem

8 Trignometric Formulas And Identities

9 Mid-Term Examination

10 Function And Limits

11 Derivation And Integration



14 Analytic Geometry And Classification Of Conics

15 Analytic Geometry And Classification Of Conics

16 Analytic Geometry and Classification of conics

17 Analytic Geometry and Classification of conics

18 Final Examination

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1- Textbook of algebra and trigonometry for class XI (Punjab textbook board, Lahore)2- Calculus and analytic geometry for class XII (Punjab textbook board, Lahore)

EVALUATION CRITERIA:

Quizzes 15

Assignments 20

Mid-Term 25

Final Exams 40

QUIZZES SCHEDULE:

ASSIGNMENT SCHEDULE:

No. Delivery Submission

1 Week # 3 Week # 4

2 Week # 7 Week # 8

3 Week # 11 Week # 12

4 Week # 15 Week # 16

MINERAL DEPOSIT EVALUATION TECHNIQUES

Quiz # Timings

1 Week # 4

2 Week # 5

3 Week # 6

4 Week # 7

Weekly Outline for Spring Semester 2009; BS-8

Introduction: The subject course “Mineral Deposit Evaluation Techniques” is meant for professional geologists having sound background of field geology, economic geology, mining geology as well as mineralogy. Teaching this subject not only refreshes the students mind but also make them professional geologists in advance. The recommended textbook “Mineral Deposit Evaluation- A Practical Approach by Alwyn E. Annels” is too heavy for the students to understand it fully, therefore, modifications have been made by integrating the subject with other related books such as the “ore deposit models”, notes, and multimedia presentation (power point as well as videos). This course will not only enhance the technical capabilities of the students in more practical ways, but also benefit them in their professional career.

Here is the weekly schedule of the course to be taught in the Spring Semester 2009.

Weekly schedule How to employ

Ist week Representation of mine data (introduction to mineral deposits) that include mine nomenclature, mine nomenclature such as the definitions of ore bodies, access to ore bodies, e.g. shaft, stoping, underground mining, and open pits etc

2nd week Gemstone mines of NWFP and Northern Areas, general geology of the area and mining geology (Video presentation). The gemstone mines are Topaz, Emerald, Aquamarine, Tourmaline and Ruby. Brain storming session.

3rd week Mine sampling (introduction to sampling to ores and ore deposits; general over view); Characterization of mineral deposits for sampling purposes such as veins, stratiform deposits, sedimentary deposits, porphyry copper-molybdenum deposits, shear zone epithermal gold deposits, carbonate hosted stratabound/Mississippi Valley deposits, volcanogenic massive sulphides/exhalites. Sampling of ores (Chip sampling, Channel sampling, grab sampling, diamond drill sampling, prospect sampling (pitting, trenching

etc. Sand and gravel sampling. Heavy mineral deposits.

4th week Mineral Resources of Pakistan (power point presentation) and discussion/interaction; Heavy mineral deposits and gold exploration particularly in the placer deposits of Hunza River, Northern Areas of Pakistan (Power point presentation);discussion/interaction;Mineral dressing an over view; QUIZZ = 5 MARKS (VIVA VOCE) and oral presentations

5th week Mineral dressing (Heavy mineral separation using heavy liquids; magnetic mineral separator (iso dynamic mineral separator). Group discussion and practical work; The application of copper sensitive paints for exploration; Use of portable XR; Power point presentation on XRF analysis of rocks; Group discussion; Technique of reserve calculations for the Nagarparkar granite of Pakistan (practical work).

6th week Reserve calculations of the multi-coloured Nagarparker granites (practical work); Ore reserves by classical methods (introduction); classification of reserves and resources; mine deposit reserves by using computer soft wares (practical work)

7th week QUIZZ = 5 MARKS (oral presentation) and VIVA VOCE; USBM/USGS classification of resources and reserves. (practical work: use of bruton compass/clinometer in mapping; Brain storming session.

8th week AIMM/AMIC classification of resources and reserves; coal resources and reserves.

QUIZZ = 5 MARKS; Group discussion

9th week Mid Term Examination

10th week Coal resources and reserves; coal resources of Pakistan; practical approach for reserve calculation, Thar coal province as a case study. Group discussion/interaction

11th week Ore reserve calculation-worked example; ore evaluation case histories

12th week Design and evaluation of open pit operation; Group discussion

13th week Financing and financial evaluation of mining projects; Group discussion

14th week Grade control, open pit operation and underground operation (some case histories); Group discussion

15th week ASSIGNMENT= 20 MARKS; Case history-Bouly potash mine, Clevaland UK

16th week Case history east ore zone, Teck-Corona gold mine, Hemlo Canada

17th week Olympic dam Cu-Au deposits, Australia: case

history; practical work for the identification of ore minerals.

18th week General over view of the ore deposit models and ore deposit evaluation; Brain storming session

19th week Final examination

Lecture Plan

Course Title: 0ptical Mineralogy Semester: B.S IV Course Code: GEOL-225Credit Hours: 3 Pre-Requisite: GEOL-115

ObjectivesAt the end of this course the students will be able to

Distinguish between optical mineralogy & petrography Become familiarize with the parts of petrographic microscope Describe the techniques of thin section preparation Describe the optical properties of minerals

Outline of Lecture Plan

Week Topics

Week 1- Introduction- Optical mineralogy & petrography

Week 2

- Petrographic microscope- Types of samples

Week 3-Light its nature & theory about light -Wave nomenclature-Reflection , refraction

Week4 - Total internal reflection- Retardation, Phase- Interference

Week 5 - Polarization - Types of polarization

Week 6- Polarization by reflection- Polarization by selective absorption- Polarization by double refraction

Week 7- Optical classification of minerals- Refractive index- Relief

Week 8

- Becke Line method- Oblique illumination method

Week 9 Mid Term Exam

Week 10- Extinction & its types- Pleochroism- Monochromatic illumination- Polychromatic illumination

Week 11- Interference colors- Anomalous interference colors

Week 12- Use of the accessory plates- Determining slow and fast ray vibration

direction- Optics of opaque minerals

Week 13- Optics of isotropic minerals

Week 14- Optics of uniaxial minerals- Optic sign determination- Uniaxial indicatrix- Uniaxial interference figures

Week 15- Optics of biaxial minerals- Optic sign determination- Biaxial indicatrix- Biaxial interference figures

Week 16 - Optical study of minerals

Week 17- Petrography of selected rocks

Week 18 Review & Final Exam

Books Recommended

Principles of Mineralogy by William Mineralogy by Perkins Minerals and Rocks by Kleins An introduction to Rock Forming Minerals by Deer, Howie & Zussiman

Rutley’s Elements of Mineralogy Evaluation Criteria

- Midterm Exam (25%)- Final Exam (40%)- Assignments & Presentation (20%)

- Quiz (15%)



COURSE PACK


SEMESTER: Spring 2009

CLASS: BS-3

COURSE TITLE: Programming fundamentals

COURSE CODE: CSC-120

CREDIT HOURS: 3


55. Programinhg languages(low and high level languages)

56. Input and output functions

57. If_else statements

58. Switch statments

59. For loop

60. While loop

61. Do while loop

62. revision


64. Functions

65. Structures

66. Arrays

67. Briefing of the project

68. Project

69. project

70. Project

71. revision


Book Recommended C++ By example



COURSE PACK

PROGRAM: BS Geology

SEMESTER: BS-3

COURSE TITLE: Programming fundamentals

COURSE CODE: CSC-120

CREDIT HOURS: 3


1. Programinhg languages(low and high level languages)

2. Input and output functions

3. If_else statements

4. Switch statements

5. For loop

6. While loop

7. Do while loop

8. Revision


10. Functions

11. Structures

12. Arrays

13. Briefing of the project

14. Project

15. Project

16. Project

17. Revision


Book Recommended C++ By example



COURSE PACK

PROGRAM: BS Geology

SEMESTER: 1st Semester

COURSE TITLE: Physics

COURSE CODE: PHY-105

CREDIT HOURS: 3


73. Newton’s Gravitational Law

74. Kepler’s Law

75. Electrostatics, Magnetisms

76. Ampere’s Law, Magnetic flux Density-B (Assignment-1 )

77. Natural and Artificial Radioactivity (Quiz-1)

78. Heat and Conductivity (Assignment-2 )

79. Thermodynamic Principles (Quiz-2)

80. Pressure and Density


82. Reflection and Refraction (Assignment-3 )

83. Interference and Diffraction (Quiz-3)

84. Semiconductors (Assignment-4 )

85. Transistors (Quiz-4)

86. Satellite communication

87. Satellite communication (Assignment-5 )

88. Introduction to Mateorology (Quiz-5)

89. Introduction to Mateorology


Reference Books

1. Physical Science (3rd Edition) by Bill W.Tillery

2. Earth Science by Turbuck and Lutgels

Physics

Course Title: PHY-105Credit Hours: 03 Total Contact Hours: 48

Objective: The purpose of the course is to develop the basic concepts of Physical Sciences with its applications, and to create interest in the field of Geophysics. It will also prepare the students for the Projects and the Research work while working independently.

Course Contents

Solar System:Planets of the Solar System, Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation, Kepler’s Laws.

Planet Earth:Latitude/Longitude, Standard Time, GMT, Prime Meridian, International Date Line, Solar and Lunar Eclipses, Seasons,

Waves and Oscillations:Electromagnetic Waves, Electromagnetic Spectrum, Transverse and Longitudinal Waves, Sound Levels, Audible/Sub-sonic/Supersonic Frequencies, Doppler Effect (Sonic Boom), AC/DC, Electromagnetic Induction, Transformers, Grid Transmission.

Optical Phenomena:Mirror Image, Regular and Irregular Reflection, Refraction, Total Internal Reflection and its uses, Fibre Optics, Dispersion, Rainbow.

Communication Satellites:Satellites, Satellite Orbits, Geostationary and Polar-Orbiting Satellites, Uses of Satellites, G.P.S.

Heat and Conductivity:Temperature, Temperature Lapse Rate, V-Temp. Distribution, Temperature Inversion, Insolation, H- Temp. Distribution (Temperature Zones).

Pressure and Density:Atmospheric Pressure, Pressure Gradient, Coriolis Force, Causes of Wind, Geostrophic Winds, Isobars, Pressure Patterns (Low, High, Cyclone, Anticyclone).

Weather and Climate:Weather Elements, Weather Patterns, Surface Weather Maps, Thunderstorm Formation, Thunderstorm Hazards.

Books Recommended:1. Physical Science, 3rd edition by Bill W. Tillery.2. Earth Science by Turbuck and Lutgens

Course Plan(Physics -105)

Weeks: Topics:

1-2 Solar System: Planets of the Solar System, Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation, Kepler’s Laws.

3-4 Planet Earth: Latitude/Longitude, Standard Time, GMT,

Prime Meridian, International Date Line, Solar and Lunar Eclipses, Seasons,

5-6 Waves and Oscillations: Electromagnetic Waves, Electro-magnetic Spectrum, Transverse and Longitudinal Waves, Sound Levels, Audible/Sub-sonic/Supersonic Frequencies, Doppler Effect (Sonic Boom), AC/DC, Electromagnetic Induction, Transformers, Grid Transmission.

7-8 Optical Phenomena: Mirror Image, Regular and Irregular Reflection, Refraction, Total Internal Reflection and its uses, Fibre Optics, Dispersion, Rainbow.

MID TERM EXAM

9-10 Communication Satellites: Satellites, Satellite Orbits, Geostationary and Polar-Orbiting Satellites, Uses of Satellites, GPS.

11-12 Heat and Conductivity: Temperature, Temperature Lapse Rate, V-Temp.Distribution, Temperature Inversion, Insolation, H- Temp. Distribution (Temperature Zones).

13-14 Pressure and Density: Atmospheric Pressure, Pressure Gradient, Coriolis Force, Isobars, Causes of Wind, Geostrophic Winds, Pressure Patterns (Low, High, Cyclone, Anticyclone).

15-16 Weather and Climate: Weather Elements, Weather Patterns, Surface Weather Maps, Thunderstorm Formation, Thunder-storm Hazards

FINAL EXAM

LECTURE PLAN

Course Title: GEOL-220 - Sedimentation and Sedimentary PetroPre-Requisite: (GEOL – 215 Stratigraphy and Geology of Pakistan)Credit Hours: 03Semester: B.S 4th Semester (Geology / Geophysics)

Course Objective

The objectives of this course are:To introduce the students with 1. Sediments, their origin and formation 2. Sedimentation Processes3. Sedimentary Rocks and their Classes4. Composition of Sedimentary Rocks5. Sedimentary Structures and Textures6. Diagenetic processes and their effects in rock formation7. Study of the sedimentary rocks in the field

Evaluation Criteria

Assignments/Projects: 20%Quizzes: 15%Mid-Term Exam: 25%Final Term Exam: 40%

WEEK 1 Introduction to the subject, objective behind the study of rocks and relation of this

subject with the other fields of Geology Introduction to the Stratigraphy, Sedimentology Stratigraphic Laws

WEEK 2

Rocks and Rock Classification Introduction to Sediments and their Origin Sedimentary Rock Cycle Quiz 1

WEEK 3 Weathering and the Types of Weathering Erosion of Sediments Transportation and Deposition of Sediments

WEEK 4 Deposition of Siliciclastic Sediments

WEEK 5 Deposition of Nonsiliciclastic Sediments

WEEK 6 Descriptive Study of Siliciclastic rock Sandstone and its Classification Quiz 2

WEEK 7 Conglomerates and their Classification Mud Stone and its Classification

WEEK 8 Descriptive study of Nonsiliciclastic rocks Carbonates and their Classification

WEEK 9 Evaporites and their Classification Introduction to Silicious Sedimentary Rocks

WEEK 10 Textures found in Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary Structures and their Classification

WEEK 11 Diagenesis of the Sedimentary Rocks Introduction to Sedimentary Facies and Study of the Facies Quiz 3

WEEK 12 Introduction to the Study of sedimentary rocks in the Field Introduction to Sedimentary Environments

WEEK 13 Continental Environments

(Fluvial, Desert, Glacial Environments)

WEEK 14 Marginal Marine Environments

(Deltaic, Beach, Tidal Flat etc)WEEK 15

Marine Environments(Continental shelf, Continental Break and Slope, Continental Rise and Abyssal

Plane)

WEEK 16 Practicals regarding Paleo-Current analysis for the Sedimentary Province Discussion about the issues and problems in the course taught.

Recommended Books

1- Principals of Stratigraphy and SedimentologySam Boggs, Jr.

2- Sedimentary RocksF.J. PettiJohn

3- The Field Description of Sedimentary Rocks

Maurice E. Tucker

Course Outline

Semester 7Course Code GEOP-405Course Title Seismic Exploration TechniquesPre-requisite GEOP-205, 305, 315, MAT-215Credit Hours 04

Physical principles and basic theory of seismic methods as used in hydrocarbon and mineral exploration programs; Seismic refraction survey methodologies; Special emphasis on physical, instrumental and field procedures; Processing and interpretation of seismic data.

Week #011. Overview of the Course, Books recommendation, Evaluation Criteria, Scope of Seismic Method, Occurrence of Oil/Gas Traps, Seismic helps in Structure detection2. Elementary theory of Seismic Method, Stress and Strain, Types of Strain

Week #021. Seismic Constants and its Mathematics2. Seismic Constants and its Mathematics

Week #031. Seismic Waves, Their Types and Propagation2. Attenuation, Refraction, Reflection and Diffraction of Elastic Waves

Week #041. Snell’s Law, Huygen’s Principle, Absorption of Seismic Waves in Earth Materials, Ricker Wavelet2.QUIZ #1

Week #051. Velocities of Seismic Waves in Rocks, Gardener’s Velocity-Density Relationship2.Different Seismic Sources and Recording Instruments

Week #061. Seismic Refraction Method, Simple Two-layer case and its generalization2. Dipping layers and Fault Case, T-X Graph and determination of Velocities/thickness, Depth Model

Week #071. Different GRM techniques2. QUIZ #2

Week #081. Acquiring Seismic Reflection data on Land, Geometry 2. CDP shooting

Week #09

1. Seismic Section2. Revision3. QUIZ #34. Revision

Week #101. Midterm Examinations 2. Midterm Examinations 3. Midterm Examinations 4. Midterm Examinations

Week #111. Acquiring Seismic Reflection data in Water-Covered Areas2. Satellite Navigation, Integrated and Global Positioning System

Week #121. QUIZ #42. Common Pitfalls in Structural Interpretation

Week #131. Practical #12. Seismic Data Processing, Corrections, NMO

Week #141. Practical #22. QUIZ #5

Week #151. Practical #32. Migration

Week #161. Migration2. Deconvolution3. STATICS4. The Convolution Model

Week #171. Presentations on the given Topics2. Presentations on the given Topics3. Presentations on the given Topics4. Presentations on the given Topics

Week #181. Seismic Data Interpretation 2. Seismic Stratigraphy3. QUIZ #6

Week #191. Synthetic Seismograms,2. Check-shot Survey, VSP4. 3D-Seismic Survey, their Design and Acquisition4. Revision

Week #201. Final Examinations

2. Final Examinations3. Final Examinations4. Final Examinations

Month Date No of ClassesTopics11 2 Introduction to Environmental Geology12 1 Basic concepts about Hazards18 2 Floods (Origin and process)19 1 Types of floods25 2 Characteristics and factors controlling floods26 1 adjustments and prevention4 2 Earthquakes and their causes5 1 Hazards related to Earthquakes

11 2 Earthquakes prediction and management12 1 Preventive measures18 2 Quiz No.119 1 Volcanic activity (Origin and process)25 2 Hazards26 1 Preventive measures1 2 coastal Processes2 1 Coastal Erosion8 29 1

15 2 Preventive measures16 1 Landslides22 2 Factors controlling Landslides23 1 preventive measures29 2 Excercises30 1 Quiz No.26 2 Waste disposal types and its management7 1 Management of waste disposal

13 2 Mining and its impacts on Environment14 1 Preventive measures20 2 Oil and Gas exploitation21 1 Environmental impacts and their control27 2 Concept of Urban geology28 1 Urban geologic mapping3 2 Environmental impact assessment and statement4 1 Quiz no.3

NOTE: The case studies and examples from Pakistan are the mandatory part of each topic

May

June

Course contents for Environmental geology, ES-305, BS 5th

Febru

ary

Marc

hA

pril

Midterm

Course contents for Petroleum geology, ES-325, BS 6th

Month DateNo of Classes Topics

Feb

ruar

y 11 1 Introduction12 2 Origin of Hydrocarbons18 1 Accumulation of Organic matter19 2 Conversion of Organic matter to Kerogen25 1 Conversion of kerogen to petroleum26 2 Source rocks

Mar

ch 4 1 Quiz No.15 2 Migration

11 1 Primary migration12 2 Mechanisms of primary migration18 1 Secondary migration19 2 Mechanisms of Secondary migration25 1 Reservoir rocks26 2 Sandstone Reservoirs

Apr

il

1 1 Limestone Reservoirs2 2 Quiz No.28 1

Midterm9 215 1 Seal or cap rocks16 2 Structural traps22 1 Traps in folded rocks23 2 Traps in faulted rocks29 1 Traps in fractured rocks30 2 Stratigraphic traps

May 6 1 Introduction to sequence stratigraphy

7 2 Application of sequnce stratigraphy13 1 Basic components of Hydrocarbons14 2 Non Hydrocarbon constituents20 1 Concept of petroleum Province and basins21 2 Quiz no.327 1 Source rocks of Pakistan28 2 Reservoir rocks of Pakistan

June

3 1Hydrocarbon potential of basins in Pakistan

4 2

LECTURE PLAN

Course Title: Structural Geology & Geotectonics (GEOL-110)Pre-Requisite: Physical to General Geology (GEOL - 105)Credit Hours: 03Semester: B.S 2rd Semester (Geology and Geophysics)

Spring 2009Course Objective

The objectives of this course are: To introduce the students with Stress that causes the major structures of earth

(Strain) Introduction to different tectonic theories, Continental Drift, Sea Floor Spreading,

Plate Movements and Orogenic processes, Plumes and other convection phenomina.

Introduction to the Major Structures of the Earth i.e.1. Folds 2. Faults3. Fractures & Joints 4. Unconfirmities5. Cleavage

To discuss the maps specially geological and topographic maps of an area To teach the students “How to develop a cross section and a profile from a map of a

structurally disturbed area

Evaluation Criteria

Assignments/Projects: 20%Quizzes: 15%Mid-Term Exam: 25%Final Term Exam: 40%

WEEK 1 Introduction to the subject, objective and relation with the other fields of Geology Some basics related to the subject like Bed, Rock, strata, Dip and Strike, Tectonic

Plates, Sediment, sedimentary rock, metamorphic and igneous rocks Stress and Strain (Basics for the Structural Geology and Tectonics)

WEEK 2 Internal Structure of the earth Introduction to Plate Tectonics, Major plates of the Earth and their movements Continental Drift

WEEK 3 Sea Floor Spreading Review of different theories about the plate movements (Convection) Tectonic Plate Boundaries

WEEK 4 Mantle Plumes and their origin. Introduction to Orogenic process

WEEK 5 Brief Introduction to the tectonic events in Pakistan causes the main deformation in

Pakistan Concept of Strain and different Stages of Strain Attitude of Bed Strike and Dip Concept, Bearing Concept and how to calculate them

in fieldWEEK 6

Folds (Introduction, Parts of a Fold, Anticline and Syncline concept) Classification of Folds Quiz 1

WEEK 7 Fold Classification Faults (Introduction, general characteristics and nature of movement along Fault ) Classification of Faults and introduction to the parts of a faults

WEEK 8 An Introductory View about Recognition of Faults in the Field Unconformities

WEEK 9 Introduction to the Tectonics of Pakistan and young Fold and Thrust Belt in Pakistan Quiz 2

WEEK 10 Joints and Fractures (Introduction, Mechanism) Classification of Joints

WEEK 11 Introduction to Mapping, Basic Parameters of mapping Geological Maps Topographic Maps

WEEK 12 Quiz 3 Introduction to Cleavage./Foliation Classification of Cleavage/Foliation

WEEK 13 Mapping Exercise 1 Mapping Exercise 2

WEEK 14 Map Exercise 3 Quiz 4

WEEK 15 Introduction to the Geological Study in the Field Introduction to the Instruments frequently used in Geological field Excursion

WEEK 16 Discussion about the issues and problems in the course taught Revision

Recommended Books

3- Structural Geology (3rd Edition)Marland P. Billings

4- Structural GeologyRobert J. Twiss and Eldridge M. Moore

5- Tectonic ProcessesDarrel Weyman

6- Global TectonicsPhilip Kearey & Frederick J. Vine

5- The Evolving Earth

Frederick J. Sawkins & Clement G. Chase

Documents

Courses 2