COURSE HAND-OUTSemester VI, Course Hand-Out Department of EC, RSET 8 3. SCHEME: B.TECH 6th SEMESTER (Electronics & Communication Engineering) Mahatma Gandhi University Revised Scheme

COURSE HAND-OUTB.TECH. - SEMESTER VI

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Semester VI, Course Hand-Out

Department of EC, RSET 2

RAJAGIRI SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (RSET)

VISION

TO EVOLVE INTO A PREMIER TECHNOLOGICAL AND RESEARCH INSTITUTION,

MOULDING EMINENT PROFESSIONALS WITH CREATIVE MINDS, INNOVATIVE

IDEAS AND SOUND PRACTICAL SKILL, AND TO SHAPE A FUTURE WHERE

TECHNOLOGY WORKS FOR THE ENRICHMENT OF MANKIND

MISSION

TO IMPART STATE-OF-THE-ART KNOWLEDGE TO INDIVIDUALS IN VARIOUS

TECHNOLOGICAL DISCIPLINES AND TO INCULCATE IN THEM A HIGH DEGREE

OF SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND HUMAN VALUES, THEREBY ENABLING

THEM TO FACE THE CHALLENGES OF LIFE WITH COURAGE AND CONVICTION



DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING (EC), RSET

VISION

TO EVOLVE INTO A CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN ELECTRONICS AND

COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING, MOULDING PROFESSIONALS HAVING

INQUISITIVE, INNOVATIVE AND CREATIVE MINDS WITH SOUND PRACTICAL

SKILLS WHO CAN STRIVE FOR THE BETTERMENT OF MANKIND

MISSION

TO IMPART STATE-OF-THE-ART KNOWLEDGE TO STUDENTS IN ELECTRONICS

AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING AND TO INCULCATE IN THEM A HIGH

DEGREE OF SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND A SENSE OF HUMAN VALUES,

THEREBY ENABLING THEM TO FACE CHALLENGES WITH COURAGE AND

CONVICTION



B.TECH PROGRAMME

PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOs)

1. Graduates shall have sound knowledge of the fundamental and advanced concepts of

electronics and communication engineering to analyze, design, develop and

implement electronic systems or equipment.

2. Graduates shall apply their knowledge and skills in industrial, academic or research

career with creativity, commitment and social consciousness.

3. Graduates shall work in a team as a member or leader and adapt to the changes taking

place in their field through sustained learning.

PROGRAMME OUTCOMES (POs)

Graduates will be able to

a. Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science engineering fundamentals and Electronics and Communication engineering for solving complex engineering problems.

b. Design and conduct experiments, analyse and interpret data in the field of electronics, communication and allied engineering.

c. Design electronics or communication systems, components or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as public health and safety, economic, environmental and societal considerations.

d. Function effectively as an individual and as a member or leader of a multi-disciplinary, diverse team to accomplish a common goal.

e. Demonstrate an ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems.

f. Acquire and practice the knowledge of professional and ethical responsibilities.

g. Communicate effectively with a range of audiences in the society.

h. Acquire the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions on individuals, organizations, and society.

i. Engage in lifelong learning to keep abreast with changing technology and practices.

j. Acquire knowledge of contemporary issues in Electronics and Communication Engineering.

k. Use modern engineering tools, software and equipment to analyze and model complex engineering solutions.

l. Demonstrate the knowledge of project and management skills to estimate the requirements and to manage projects in multidisciplinary environments.



INDEX

1. Semester Plan 62. Assignment Schedule 73. Scheme 84. Digital Communication Techniques 9

4.1. Course Information Sheet 104.2. Course Plan 124.3. Sample Questions 16

5. Digital Signal Processing 185.1. Course Information Sheet 195.2. Course Plan 215.3. Sample Questions 24

6. Radiation and Propagation 276.1. Course Information Sheet 286.2. Course Plan 306.3. Sample Questions 33

7. Computer Architecture and Parallel Processing 357.1. Course Information Sheet 367.2. Course Plan 387.3. Sample Questions 41

8. Microcontrollers and Applications 438.1. Course Information Sheet 448.2. Course Plan 468.3. Sample Questions 48

9. Medical Electronics 509.1. Course Information Sheet 519.2. Course Plan 539.3. Sample Questions 56

10. Television and Radar Engineering 5810.1. Course Information Sheet 5910.2. Course Plan 6110.3. Sample Questions 64

11. Microprocessor and Microcontroller Lab 6611.1. Course Information Sheet 6711.2. Course Plan 6911.3. Sample Questions 70

12. Mini Project Lab 7112.1. Course Information Sheet 7212.2. Course Plan 74



1. SEMESTER PLAN

January February March April May

2 20 25 1 13

1 3 7 10 22 26

11 22 29

3 5 7

No of working days in January: 24No of working days in February: 22No of working days in March: 23No of working days in April: 10Total No of working days: 79

RAJAGIRI SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY SEMESTER PLAN S4, S6, S8(JANUARY 2014 – MAY 2014)

College Day (After Noon)

Module 2(14 days)

Module 5 (13 days)

Mid-Term Examination

( 3,5,7)

Model Exam (22,23,25,26,

28,29 )

Semester Begins (S4,S6,S8) Regular Classes over

University Examination

Begins

Publication of sessional

Module 1(18 days)Module 3 (14 days)

Module 4 (13 days)

FarewellSports Day

Comprehensive exam(30,2,3)

Univ. Lab Exam



2. ASSIGNMENT SCHEDULE

Week Assignment 1 Assignment 2

4 EC010 601 EC010 602

5 EC010 603 EC010 604

6 EC010 605 EC010 606L04/ EC010 606L06

7 EC010 601 EC010 602

8 EC010 603 EC010 604

9 EC010 605 EC010 606L04/ EC010 606L06

10 EC010 601 EC010 602

11 EC010 603 EC010 604

12 EC010 605 EC010 606L04/ EC010 606L06

13 EC010 601 EC010 602

14 EC010 603 EC010 604

15 EC010 605 EC010 606L04/ EC010 606L06



3. SCHEME: B.TECH 6th SEMESTER

(Electronics & Communication Engineering)

Mahatma Gandhi University Revised Scheme for B.Tech Syllabus Revision 2010

Code Subject

Hours/WeekMarks End-

Sem duration

CreditsL T

P/D

InternalEnd-Sem

EC010 601

Digital Communication

Techniques2 2 - 50 100 3 4

EC010 602Digital Signal

Processing2 2 - 50 100 3 4

EC010 603Radiation and Propagation

3 1 - 50 100 3 4

EC010 604

Computer Architecture and

Parallel Processing

3 1 - 50 100 3 4

EC010 605Microcontrollers

andApplications

3 1 - 50 100 3 4

EC010 606Lxx

Elective I 3 1 - 50 100 3 4

EC010 607

Microprocessor and

Microcontroller Lab

- - 3 50 100 3 2

EC010 608 Mini Project Lab - - 3 50 100 3 2Total 16 8 6 28

Elective IEC010 606L01 – Data Structures and AlgorithmsEC010 606L02 – Data Base Management SystemsEC010 606L03 – High Speed Digital DesignEC010 606L04 – Medical ElectronicsEC010 606L05 – Soft Computing TechniquesEC010 606L06 – Television and Radar Engineering



4.EC010 601

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES

4.1. COURSE INFORMATION SHEET



COURSE INFORMATION SHEET

PROGRAMME: ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: DIGITAL COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES SEMESTER: VI CREDITS: 4COURSE CODE: EC010 601 REGULATION: 2010

COURSE TYPE: CORE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: COMMUNICATION CONTACT HOURS: 2+2 (Tutorial) hours/Week.CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): EC010 707 LAB COURSE NAME: ADVANCED COMMUNICATION LAB

SYLLABUS:UNIT DETAILS HOURSI Random Signal Theory: Random process: stationarity,ergodicity, mean, auto

correlation, cross correlation, covariance, random process transmission through linear filters, power spectral density, cross correlation functions, cross spectral densities, Gaussian process, Discrete Time Random Process, White Process

Signal Space Representation of Waveforms: Vector Space Concept, Signal Space Concepts, Orthogonal Expansion, Gram- Schmidt Orthogonalization Procedure.

12

II Detection and Estimation: Model of digital communication system, response of bank of correlators to noisy input. Detection of known signals in noise:-ML Receiver. Probability of error calculation, erf, Correlation Receiver, Matched Filter Receiver, properties, detection of signals with unknown phase in noise, Estimation concepts: ML Estimate.

12

III Pulse Modulation Techniques: Sampling and pulse modulation: Sampling theorem, Ideal sampling and reconstruction, practical sampling and Aliasing, PAM, PWM, PPM, Quantizing, Quantization Noise, Companding, PCM generation and reconstruction, DPCM, Delta Modulation, Adaptive Delta Modulation, digital multiplexing.

12

IV Baseband shaping for Data Transmission: Binary signaling format, Inter Symbol Interference, Nyquist criterion for distortion less base band binary transmission: Ideal solution, practical solution, correlative coding: Duobinary signaling, modified duobinary, generalized form of correlative coding, eye pattern, equalization ,adaptive equalization, synchronization techniques: bit synchronization, frame synchronization.

12

V Bandpass Digital Transmission: Digital CW Modulation: ASK, BFSK, BPSK, MSK, Coherent binary system, timing and synchronization, Non coherent binary system, Differentially coherent PSK, Quadrature carrier and M-ary systems: quadrature carrier system, MPSK, M-ary QAM, Trellis coded modulation.

12

TOTAL HOURS 60

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS:T/R BOOK TITLE/AUTHORS/PUBLICATION 1 Simon Haykin , Introduction To Analog And Digital Communications, Wiley India

Edition 2 Proakis& Salehi, Digital Communications, Mc Graw Hill International Edition.3 Herbert Taub, Schilling Donald L.,“Principles of Communication Systems,3rd e/d, Tata

Mc Graw Hill,2007. 4 Carlson, Crilly, Rutledge, “Communication Systems” 4th Edition, McGraw Hill5 Simon Haykin , Digital Communications, Wiley India Edition6 Sklar,Kumar Ray, Digital Communications, Pearson Education



7 Glover,Grant, Digital Communications, Pearson EducationCOURSE PRE-REQUISITES:C.CODE COURSE NAME DESCRIPTION SEMEC010 301 Mathematics Probability theory III

COURSE OBJECTIVES:1 To use random signal theory and vector space concepts for the analysis of base band data

transmission system.2 To understand the various detection methods and estimation of the digital signals.3 To study pulse modulation and discuss the process of sampling, quantization and coding that are

fundamental to the digital transmission of analog signals.4 To gain Knowledge about ISI effects, synchronization techniques and Baseband shaping

for Data Transmission.5 To gain Knowledge about various shift keying techniques like BPSK, BFSK, MSK are used for the

transmission of digital signals. COURSE OUTCOMES:S

NODESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering to the analysis and design of communication systems

a,b,c,e

2 Ability to analyze various detection related problems in digital communication systems.

a.b,c,e,k

3 Design and conduct experiments for testing digital communication circuits and systems.

b,c,e

4 Design digital communication circuits and systems to meet predefined specifications. a,b,c,e

5 Identify, formulate and solve digital communication circuits and systems problems. b,c,e,k

GAPS IN THE SYLLABUS - TO MEET INDUSTRY/PROFESSION REQUIREMENTS:SNO DESCRIPTION PROPOSED

ACTIONS

1 Estimation theory ASSIGNMENT

2 Design of optimum receiver ASSIGNMENT

PROPOSED ACTIONS: TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ASSIGNMENT/INDUSTRY VISIT/GUEST LECTURER/NPTEL ETC

TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ADVANCED TOPICS/DESIGN:1 Transmitter and receiver design2 Error control codingWEB SOURCE REFERENCES:1 nptel.iitm.ac.in2 ocw.mit.edu3 www.utexas.eduDELIVERY/INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES:☐ CHALK & TALK ☐ STUD. ASSIGNMENT ☐ WEB RESOURCES☐ LCD/SMART BOARDS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐ ADD-ON COURSES

ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-DIRECT☐ ASSIGNMENTS STUD. SEMINARS ☐ TESTS/MODEL EXAMS ☐ UNIV. EXAMINATIONSTUD. LAB PRACTICES STUD. VIVA MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS CERTIFICATIONSADD-ON COURSES OTHERS

ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-INDIRECT☐ ASSESSMENT OF COURSE OUTCOMES (BY FEEDBACK, ONCE)

☐ STUDENT FEEDBACK ON FACULTY (TWICE)

☐ ASSESSMENT OF MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS BY EXT. EXPERTS ☐ OTHERS

Prepared by Approved by(Faculty) (HOD)S. Santhi Jabarani



4.2. COURSE PLAN

Hour Module Contents

1 1 Introduction- Syllabus description

2 1 Random Signal Theory: Random process: stationarity,Mean

3 1 Mean, auto correlation, cross correlation,ergodicity

4 1 Covariance, random process transmission through linear filters

5 1 Power spectral density, cross correlation functions

6 1 Tutorial

7 1 Tutorial

8 1 Cross spectral densities, Gaussian process

9 1 Discrete Time Random Process, White Process

10 1 Signal Space Representation of Waveforms: Vector Space Concept

11 1 Tutorial

12 1 Tutorial

13 1 Signal Space Concepts, Orthogonal Expansion

14 1 Gram- Schmidt Orthogonalization Procedure

15 2 Detection and Estimation: Model of digital communication system

16 2 Response of bank of correlators to noisy input

17 2 Tutorial

18 2 Tutorial

19 2 Detection of known signals in noise

20 2 ML Receiver. Probability of error calculation, erf

21 2 Correlation Receiver

22 2 Matched Filter Receiver, properties



23 2 Tutorial

24 2 Tutorial

25 2 Detection of signals with unknown phase in noise

26 2 Estimation concepts

27 2 ML Estimate

28 3Pulse Modulation Techniques: Sampling and pulse modulation: Sampling theorem

29 2 Tutorial

30 2 Tutorial

31 3 Ideal sampling and reconstruction, practical sampling and Aliasing

32 3 PAM

32 3 PAM

33 3 PWM, PPM

34 3 Quantizing

35 3 Tutorial

36 3 Tutorial

37 3 Quantization Noise

38 3 Companding

39 3 PCM generation and reconstruction

40 3 DPCM, Delta Modulation

41 3 Tutorial

42 3 Tutorial

43 3 Adaptive Delta Modulation, digital multiplexing

44 4 Baseband shaping for Data Transmission: Binary signaling format

45 4 Inter Symbol Interference



46 4Nyquist criterion for distortion less base band binary transmission: Ideal solution, practical solution

47 4 Tutorial

48 4 Correlative coding: Duobinary signaling, modified duobinary

49 4 Generalized form of correlative coding, eye pattern

50 4 Equalization ,adaptive equalization

51 4 Synchronization techniques: bit synchronization, frame synchronization

52 4 Tutorial

53 4 Tutorial

54 5 Bandpass Digital Transmission: Digital CW Modulation

55 5 ASK

56 5 BFSK

57 5 BPSK

58 5 Tutorial

58 5 Tutorial

59 5 MSK, Coherent binary system, timing and synchronization,

60 5 Non coherent binary system, Differentially coherent PSK

61 5 Quadrature carrier and M-ary systems: quadrature carrier system

62 5 MPSK

63 5 Tutorial

64 5 Tutorial

65 5 M-ary QAM

66 5 Trellis coded modulation

67 5 Revision

68 5 Revision



69 5 Tutorial

70 4 Tutorial

71 1 Revision

72 2 Revision

73 3 Revision

74 3 Tutorial

75 4 Tutorial

76 4 Revision



4.3. SAMPLE QUESTIONS

1. Explain the concept of stationarity.2. Define ergodicity.3. What is Wiener – Khintchine- Einstein theorem? Derive the relationship.4. State and explain the properties of Power spectral density.5. Explain in detail about Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization Procedure. 6. Explain ML detector.7. Explain with an example the detection of signals with unknown phase in noise. Also

derive the error probability8. Explain the response of bank of correlators to noisy input. 9. Define maximum likelihood estimate.10. Explain briefly about maximum likelihood estimation.11. What is meant by aliasing effect?12. What are the synchronization problems associated with PAM?13. Draw the frequency spectrum of a PAM wave.14. What is stuffing?15. Explain how the channel capacity of a PCM system can be measured.16. What is meant by expander.17. What is meant by nonuniform quantization?18. What is the use of prediction filter in differential PCM?19. Differentiate PCD and DM.20. What is the need for predictor?21. What is companding? How the companding improves the performance of PCM?22. With a relevant diagram, describe the operation of Delta sigma modulation.23. With the help of neat block diagram explain the principle of Adaptive Delta

Modulation.24. Write notes on TDM and Digital Multiplexers.25. Explain the principle of linear prediction?26. Explain in detail the various sources of noise in Delta modulation system.27. What is an intersymbol interference in an baseband binary PAM system?28. What is correlative level coding?29. What is an eye pattern?30. What is an optimum filter?31. What are the disadvantages of closed loop bit synchronization?32. What is called frame synchronization?33. Draw the block diagram of duo binary encoder and explain.34. Discuss baseband data transmission with suitable diagram.35. Explain the binary PAM system with the help of block diagram. Draw the36. How is modified duobinary coding superior compared to duobinary coding. Explain

with example.37. Explain the different types of synchronization techniques.38. Write the expression for bit error rate for coherent binary PSK.



39. When will the SNR becomes maximum in an matched filter?40. What is meant by coherent receiver?41. Differentiate coherent and non coherent receiving techniques.42. What is the difference between FSK and PSK?43. Draw the correlation receiver structure for coherent receiver scheme44. Define Matched Filter?45. Briefly explain how ASK, PSK and FSK signals are generated?46. Compare different coherent digital modulation schemes based on bandwidth, SNR

and bit error probability.47. Explain noncoherent ASK receiver.48. Explain coherent PSK receiver.49. Discuss in detail the generation, detection, signals space diagram and error probability

of FSK.50. Derive the probability of Error and power spectra for QPSK and MSK. Compare the

same.



5.EC010 602

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING




COURSE INFORMATION SHEET

PROGRAMME: ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION DEGREE: BTECHCOURSE: DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING SEMESTER: 6 CREDITS: 4COURSE CODE: EC 010 602 REGULATION : 2010

COURSE TYPE: CORE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: SIGNAL PROCESSING CONTACT HOURS: 2+2 (Tutorial) hours/Week.CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): EC 010 708 LAB COURSE NAME: SIGNAL PROCESSING LAB

SYLLABUS:UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I Advantages of DSP – Review of discrete time signals and systems – Discrete time LTI systems –Review of DTFT – Existence – Symmetry properties – DTFT theorems –Frequency response- Review of Z transform – ROC – PropertiesSampling of Continuous time signals – Frequency domain representation of sampling –Aliasing - Reconstruction of the analog signal from its samples – Discrete time processing of continuous time signals – Impulse invariance – Changing the sampling rate using discrete time processing –Sampling rate reduction by an integer factor – Compressor –Time and frequency domain relations – Sampling rate increase by an integer factor –Expander – Time and frequency domain relations – Changing the sampling rate by a rational factor.

12

II Transform analysis of LTI systems – Phase and group delay – Frequency response for rationalsystem functions – Frequency response of a single zero and pole – Multiple poles and zeros -Relationship between magnitude and phase – All pass systems – Minimum phase systems –Linear phase systems – Generalised linear phase – 4 types – Location of zeros.

12

III Structures for discrete time systems – IIR and FIR systems – Block diagram and SFGrepresentation of difference equations – Basic structures for IIR systems – Direct form –Cascade form - Parallel form - Transposed forms – Structures for FIR systems – Direct and Cascade forms - Structures for Linear phase systems – Overview of finite precision numerical effects in implementing systemsAnalog filter design: Filter specification – Butterworth approximation – Pole locations –Design of analog low pass Butterworth filters – Chebyshev Type 1 approximation – pole locations – Analog to analog transformations for designing high pass, band pass and band stop filters.

12

IV Digital filter design: Filter specification – Low pass IIR filter design – Impulse invariant andBilinear transformation methods – Butterworth and Chebyshev – Design of high pass, band pass and band stop IIR digital filters – Design of FIR filters by windowing – Properties of commonly used windows – Rectangular, Bartlett, Hanning, Hamming and Kaiser.

12

V The Discrete Fourier Transform - Relation with DTFT – Properties of DFT – Linearity –Circular shift – Duality – Symmetry properties – Circular convolution – Linear convolutionusing the DFT – Linear convolution of two finite length sequences – Linear convolution of afinite length sequence with an infinite length sequence – Overlap add and overlap save –Computation of the DFT – Decimation in time and decimation in frequency FFT – Fourieranalysis of signals using the DFT – Effect of windowing – Resolution and leakage – Effect ofspectral sampling.

12

TOTAL HOURS 60

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS:T/R BOOK TITLE/AUTHORS/PUBLICATION 1. A V Oppenheim, R W Schaffer, Discrete Time Signal Processing , 2nd Edition Pearson Education.2. S K Mitra, Digital Signal Processing: A Computer Based Approach ,Tata Mc.Graw Hill.3. L C Ludeman, Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing, Wiley4. J R Johnson, Introduction to Digital Signal Processing, Prentice Hall of India



COURSE PRE-REQUISITES:C.CODE COURSE NAME DESCRIPTION SEMEC010 403 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS Analysis of continuous time and discrete time signals and

systems4

EN010 401 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS III Fourier series, Fourier Transform, Probability distribution 4

COURSE OBJECTIVES:1 To study the fundamentals of discrete time system analysis, digital filter design and the DFT.

COURSE OUTCOMES:SNO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING1 The students will understand the fundamentals of discrete time signals, systems and their

properties.a, b, d, e

2 The students will understand the basics of digital filter design and the Discrete Fourier Transform. a, b, d, e3 The mathematical problem solving ability of students get improved. a, b, d,

e, j, k4 The students will be motivated to apply signal processing to various areas such as speech and

audio processing, image processing, biomedical signal processing, array signal processing etc.a, b, d, e, j, k

5 The digital system analyzing and designing skills of students will be improved. a, b, d, e, j, k


ACTIONS

1 Matlab Simulations are not included in the syllabus

One day course on Matlab is conducted so that the students will get the feel of what has happened in the class


TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ADVANCED TOPICS/DESIGN:1 MATLAB introduction2 Advanced applications3 Performance and analyses of systems

WEB SOURCE REFERENCES:1 http:// www.nptel.iitm.ac.in/

2 http:// www.slideshare.net

DELIVERY/INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES:☐ CHALK & TALK ☐ STUD. ASSIGNMENT ☐ WEB RESOURCES☐ LCD/SMART BOARDS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐ ADD-ON COURSES

ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-DIRECT☐ ASSIGNMENTS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐ TESTS/MODEL EXAMS ☐ UNIV. EXAMINATION☐ STUD. LAB PRACTICES ☐ STUD. VIVA ☐ MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS ☐ CERTIFICATIONS☐ ADD-ON COURSES ☐ OTHERS




Prepared by Approved by:

Rithu James (HOD)Sreekumar G



5.2. COURSE PLAN


1 5Advantages of DSP – Review of discrete time signals and systems –Discrete time LTI systems – Review of DTFT – Existence – Symmetry properties

2 5DTFT theorems – Frequency response- Review of Z transform – ROC –Properties

3 5 The Discrete Fourier Transform

4 5 The Discrete Fourier Transform -Tutorial Class

5 5 Relation of DFT with DTFT – Properties of DFT

6 5 Linearity – Circular shift – Duality – Symmetry properties

7 5Circular convolution – Linear convolution using the DFT – Linear convolution of two finite length sequences

8 5 Tutorial Class

9 5Linear convolution of a finite length sequence with an infinite length sequence

10 5 Overlap add and overlap save – Computation of the DFT

11 5 Decimation in time FFT algorithm

12 5 Decimation in frequency FFT algorithm

13 5 Tutorial Class

14 5 Fourier analysis of signals using the DFT – Effect of windowing

15 5 Resolution and leakage – Effect of spectral sampling

16 5 Class test on Module 5

17 3Structures for discrete time systems – IIR and FIR systems – Block diagram and SFG representation of difference equations

18 3Basic structures for IIR systems – Direct form - Cascade form - Parallel form

19 3Transposed forms – Structures for FIR systems – Direct and Cascade forms - Structures for Linear phase systems



20 3 Tutorial Class

21 3 Overview of finite precision numerical effects in implementing systems

22 3 Analog filter design: Filter specification

23 3 Tutorial Class

24 3Butterworth approximation – Pole locations – Design of analog low pass Butterworth filters

25 3 Chebyshev Type 1 approximation – pole locations

26 3Analog to analog transformations for designing high pass, band pass and band stop filters

27 3 Tutorial Class

28 3 Class Test on Module 3

29 4 Digital filter design: Filter specification

30 4 Low pass IIR filter design

31 4 Impulse invariant and Bilinear transformation methods

32 4 Butterworth and Chebyshev

33 4 Tutorial Class

34 4 Design of high pass, band pass and band stop IIR digital filters

35 4 Design of FIR filters by windowing

36 4 Properties of commonly used windows

37 4 Rectangular, Bartlett, Hanning, Hamming and Kaiser

38 4 Problem Solving with windows

39 4 Tutorial Class


41 1Sampling of Continuous time signals – Frequency domain representation of sampling – Aliasing

42 1Reconstruction of the analog signal from its samples – Discrete time processing of continuous time signals



43 1 Tutorial Class

44 1Impulse invariance – Changing the sampling rate using discrete time processing – Sampling rate reduction by an integer factor

45 1 Compressor – Time and frequency domain relations

46 1Time and frequency domain relations – Changing the sampling rate by a rational factor

47 1 Tutorial Class


49 2 Transform analysis of LTI systems

50 2 Phase and group delay

51 2 Frequency response for rational system functions

52 2 Tutorial Class

53 2 Frequency response of a single zero and pole – Multiple poles and zeros

54 2 Frequency response of a single zero and pole – Multiple poles and zeros

55 2 Relationship between magnitude and phase

56 2 All pass systems – Minimum phase systems

57 2 Tutorial Class

58 2 Linear phase systems – Generalised linear phase

59 2 4 types – Location of zeros

60 2 Tutorial Class





1. List the advantages and applications of DSP.2. What are the factors that influence the selection of DSPs.3. Explain the sampling rate change by integer factor.4. Explain the sampling rate change by rational factor.5. Design a system which can reconstruct a bandlimited signal from its samples.6. Explain the frequency domain illustration of an upsampler.7. Explain the frequency domain illustration of a downsampler.8. What is multirate signal processing? With the help of block diagrams and waveforms

explain its application in a CD audio player. 9. With help of necessary equations and waveforms bring out the time and frequency

domain relations of the system which increases the sampling rate by an integer factor.10. Explain why IIR filter cannot have linear phase.11. Discuss on the position of zeros of linear phase FIR filter in the Z-plane.12. With help of necessary equations and waveforms bring out the time and frequency

domain relations of the system which increases the sampling rate by an integer factor.13. Describe linear phase FIR filter.14. Discuss on the all pass systems.15. Plot the log magnitude, phase and group delay of a single zero for a stable LTI system

with the parameters r (the radius of the zero) and θ (the angle of the zero) in the z-plane.

16. Obtain the order and pole locations for a Chebyshev filter with a maximum passband attenuation of 2.5dB at ΩP = 20rad/sec and the stopband attenuation of 30dB at ΩS=50rad/sec.

17. For each of the following system functions HK(z), specify a minimum phase system function Hmin(z) such that the frequency response magnitudes of the two system functions are equal, i.e. | HK(ejw) | = | Hmin(e

jw) |.

i.

-1

1-1

-1 -1

2-1 -1

-1 -1

3-1 -1

1 2z) (z)

11 z

31

(1 3z )(1 z )4) (z)

3 4(1 z )(1 z )

4 31

(1 3z )(1 z )2) (z)

1z (1 z )

3

a H

b H

c H

18. Differentiate IIR filters and FIR filters.19. What are the advantages and disadvantages of FIR filters?20. List the three well known methods of design technique for IIR filters and explain any

one.21. Write expression for variance of round-off quantization noise.



22. When zero limit cycle oscillation and Over flow limit cycle oscillation has occur?23. Why? Scaling is important in Finite word length effect.24. The output of an A/D is fed through a digital system whose system function is

a. H(Z)=0.6z/z-0.6. Find the output noise power of the digital system=8 bits.25. A digital system is characterized by the difference equation Y(n)=0.95y(n-

1)+x(n). Determine the dead band of the system when x(n)=0 and y(-1) =13.

26. Two first order filters are connected in cascaded whose system functions of the Individual sections are H1(z)=1/(1-0.8z-¹ ) and H2(z)=1/(1-0.9z¹ ). Determine the Overall output noise power.

27. Design and implement linear phase FIR filter of length N =15 which has following unit sample sequence H(k) = 1 ; for k = 0, 1, 2, 3

= 0 ; for k =4, 5, 6, 728. Convert the analog filter in to a digital filter whose system function is S + 0.2 ,

H(s) = (S + 0.2) 2 + 9. Use Impulse Invariant Transformation. Assume T=1sec

29. Define pre-warping effect? Why it is employed?30. Write the expression for Kaiser Window function.31. Why mapping is needed in the design of digital filters?32. Apply impulse invariant transformation to H(S) = (S +1) (S + 2) with T =1sec and

find H(z).33. Explain the procedural steps the design of low pass digital Butterworth filter and list

its properties.34. List the three well known methods of design technique for IIR filters and explain any

one.35. Design a low pass filter using rectangular window by taking 9 samples of w(n) and

with a cutoff frequency of 1.2 radians/sec. Using frequency sampling method, design a band pass FIR filter with the following specification. Sampling frequency Fs =8000 Hz, Cutoff frequency fc1 =1000Hz, fc2=3000Hz.Determine the filter coefficients for N =7.

36. Determine the coefficients of a linear phase FIR filter of length N =15 which has a symmetric unit sample response and a frequency response that satisfies the conditions H (2 _k /15) = 1; for k = 0, 1, 2, 3

37. Design and implement linear phase FIR filter of length N =15 which has following unit sample sequence H(k) = 1 ; for k = 0, 1, 2, 3

i. = 0 ; for k =4, 5, 6, 738. Convert the analog filter in to a digital filter whose system function is S + 0.2 ,H(s) =

(S + 0.2)2 + 9.Use Impulse Invariant Transformation .Assume T=1sec

39. Find the values of WNk, when N=8, k=2 and also for k=3.40. Draw the radix-2 FFT–DIT butterfly diagram.41. What is the necessity of sectioned convolution in signal processing?42. Define Correlation of the sequence.43. State any two DFT properties.



44. Why impulse invariant transformation is not a one-to-one mapping?45. State and prove shifting property of DFT.46. Derive and draw the radix -2 DIT algorithms for FFT of 8 points.47. Compute the DFT for the sequence {1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1}. Using radix -2 DIF FFT and

radix -2 DIT- FFT algorithm.48. Find the output y(n) of a filter whose impulse response is h(n) = {1, 1, 1} and input

signal x(n) = {3, -1, 0, 1, 3, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1}. Using Overlap add overlap save method.

49. In an LTI system the input x(n) = {1, 1, 1}and the impulse response h(n) = {-1,-1} . Determine the response of LTI system by radix -2 DIT FFT .

50. Find the output y(n) of a filter whose impulse response is h(n) = {1, 1, 1} and input signal x(n) = {3, -1, 0, 1, 3, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1}. Using Overlap save method .



6.EC010 603

RADIATION AND PROPAGATION




PROGRAMME: Electronics and Communication Engineering

DEGREE: B.Tech

COURSE: Radiation and Propagation SEMESTER: 6 CREDITS: 4COURSE CODE: EC010 603 REGULATION: 2010

COURSE TYPE: CORE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: Communication CONTACT HOURS: 3 hours lecture and 1 hour tutorial/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): Advanced communication Lab

LAB COURSE NAME: EC010 707

SYLLABUS:UNIT DETAILS HOURS1. Retarded potentials: Concept of vector potential- Modification for time varying-

retarded case- Fields associated with Hertzian dipole- Power radiated and radiation resistance of current element-Radiation from half-wave dipole and quarter-wave monopole antennas.Antenna Parameters: Introduction, Isotropic radiators, Radiation pattern, Gain -radiation intensity-Directive gain, Directivity, antenna efficiency- antenna field zones. Reciprocity theorem & its applications, effective aperture, Effective height, radiation resistance, terminal impedance, front-to back ratio, antenna beam width, antenna bandwidth, antenna beam efficiency, antenna beam area or beam solid angle, polarization, antenna temperature.

13

2 Antenna Arrays: Introduction, various forms of antenna arrays, arrays of point sources, non isotropic but similar point sources, multiplication of patterns, arrays of n-isotropic point sources, Grating lobes, Properties and Design of Broadside, Endfire, Binomial and Dolph Chebyshev arrays, Phased arrays, Frequency- Scanning arrays-Adaptive arrays and Smart antennas.

13

3 Antenna Types:- Horizontal and Vertical Antennas above the ground plane. Loop Antennas: Radiation from small loop and its radiation resistance- Radiation from a loop with circumference equal to a wavelength-Helical antenna: Normal mode and axial mode operation-Yagi uda Antenna- Log periodic antenna- rhombic antenna-Horn antenna- Reflector antennas and their feed systems- Micro strip antenna-Selection of antenna based on frequency of operation – Antennas for special applications: Antenna for terrestrial mobile communication systems, Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR), Embedded antennas, UWB, Fractal antenna ,Plasma antenna.

13

4. Ground wave propagation: Attenuation characteristics for ground wave propagation-Calculation of field strength at a distance – Space wave propagation: Reflection characteristics of earth- Resultant of direct and reflected ray at the receiver- LOS distance – Effective earth‘s radius – Field strength of space wave - duct propagationSky wave propagation: Structure of the ionosphere- effect of earth‘s magnetic field Effective dielectric constant of ionized region- Mechanism of refraction- Refractive index- Critical frequency- Skip distance- Effect of earth’s magnetic field- Attenuation factor for ionospheric propagation- Maximum usable frequency(MUF) – skip distance – virtual height – skip distance, Fading and Diversity reception.

13

5 Antenna Measurements: Reciprocity in Antenna measurements – Measurement of radiation pattern – Measurement of ranges - Measurement of different Antenna parameters- Directional pattern, Gain, Phase, Polarization, Impedance, and Efficiency, Effective gain,SAR.

8

TOTAL HOURS 60

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS:T/R BOOK TITLE/AUTHORS/PUBLICATION 1. John D. Krauss, Ronald J Marhefka: “Antennas and Wave Propagation”, 4th Edition,Tata Mc Graw Hill

2. Jordan & Balman. “Electromagnetic waves & Radiating Systems”– Prentice Hall India3. Constantine. A. Balanis: “Antenna Theory- Analysis and Design”, Wiley India, 2nd Edition, 20084. R.E Collin: “Antennas & Radio Wave Propagation”, Mc Graw Hill. 19855. Terman: “Electronics & Radio Engineering”, 4th Edition, McGraw Hill



6. Kamal Kishor: “Antenna and wave Propagation”, IK International

COURSE PRE-REQUISITES:C.CODE COURSE NAME DESCRIPTION SEMEC 010 505 Applied Electromagnetic Theory Review of vector analysis, coordinate

system, coordinate transformation, concept of electric and magnetic field, Maxwell’s equation

5

COURSE OBJECTIVES:1 To impart the basic concepts of radiating structures and antenna parameters

2 To give understanding about analysis of arrays and different types3 To give idea about different antennas for various applications4 To give idea about basic propagation mechanisms5 To give idea about antenna measurementsCOURSE OUTCOMES:SNO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING1 Students will be able to understand basic concepts of antenna radiation and its

parameters.a,b,c,h,e

2 Students will be able to design and analysis of antenna arrays and its applications. a,b,c,e,h,k3 Students will be able to develop the idea about the different antenna types and

antennas for special applicationsa,b,c,e,f,h,I,j

4 Students will be able to develop concepts in antenna parameter measurements a,b,c,e,f,h,k5 Students will be able to understand different propagation mechanisms namely ground,

space and sky waves a,b,c,e


ACTIONS1 Hands on different antenna types and measurement set up Lab SessionsPROPOSED ACTIONS: TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ASSIGNMENT/INDUSTRY VISIT/GUEST LECTURER/NPTEL ETCTOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ADVANCED TOPICS/DESIGN:1 High Frequency Simulation Tools for Antenna DesignsWEB SOURCE REFERENCES:1 www.antenna-theory.com2 http://www.dxzone.com/catalog/Antennas/3 http://www.engr.sjsu.edu/rkwok/EE172/Antenna_Fundamental.pdfDELIVERY/INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES:☐ CHALK & TALK ☐ STUD.

ASSIGNMENT☐ WEB RESOURCES ☐ ADD-ON COURSES

ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-DIRECT☐ ASSIGNMENTS ☐ ADD-ON

COURSES☐ TESTS/MODEL EXAMS

☐ UNIV. EXAMINATION

☐ STUD. LAB PRACTICES

☐ STUD. VIVA ☐ MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS



☐ ASSESSMENT OF MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS BY EXT. EXPERTS

Prepared by Approved byDr.Deepti Das Krishna, Swapna Davies (HOD)



6.2. COURSE PLAN


1 1 Retarded potentials: Concept of vector potential

2 1 Modification for time varying- retarded case

3 1 Fields associated with Hertzian dipole

4 1 Power radiated and radiation resistance of current element

5 1 Radiation from half-wave dipole and quarter-wave monopole antennas

6 1 Antenna Parameters: Introduction, Isotropic radiators

7 1 Radiation pattern, Gain -radiation intensity

8 1 Directive gain, Directivity

9 1 Antenna efficiency- antenna field zones

10 1 Reciprocity theorem & its applications, effective aperture

11 1 Tutorial problems

12 1 Effective height, radiation resistance, terminal impedance

13 1 Front-to back ratio, antenna beam width

14 1 Antenna beam area or beam solid angle

15 1 Polarization, antenna temperature

16 1 Tutorial problems

17 2 Antenna Arrays: Introduction, various forms of antenna arrays

18 2 Arrays of point sources

19 2 Non isotropic but similar point sources

20 2 Multiplication of patterns

21 2 Arrays of n-isotropic point sources Grating lobes

22 2 Properties and Design of Broadside Endfire

23 2 Binomial



24 2 Dolph Chebyshev arrays

25 2 Phased arrays

26 2 Frequency- Scanning arrays

27 2 Adaptive arrays Smart antennas

28 3Horizontal and Vertical Antennas above the ground plane. Loop Antennas

29 3 Tutorial Problems

30 3Radiation from small loop and its radiation resistance, Radiation from a loop with circumference equal to a wavelength

31 3Helical antenna: Normal mode and axial mode operation, Yagi uda Antenna

32 3 Log periodic antenna, rhombic antenna- Horn antenna

33 3 Reflector antennas and their feed systems


35 3Micro strip antenna, Selection of antenna based on frequency of operation

36 3Antennas for special applications: Antenna for terrestrial mobile communication systems

37 3 Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR)

38 3 Embedded antennas, UWB Fractal antenna ,Plasma antenna


40 4Ground wave propagation: Attenuation characteristics for ground wave propagation

41 4 Calculation of field strength at a distance

42 4Space wave propagation: Reflection characteristics of earth- Resultant of direct and reflected ray at the receiver

43 4 LOS distance – Effective earth‘s radius


45 4 Field strength of space wave -duct propagation



46 4Sky wave propagation: Structure of the ionosphere- effect of earth‘s magnetic field Effective dielectric constant of ionized region

47 4 Mechanism of refraction- Refractive index- Critical frequency

48 4 Skip distance- Effect of earth’s magnetic field


50 4Attenuation factor for ionospheric propagation- Maximum usable frequency(MUF)

51 4 Skip distance – virtual height – skip distance

52 4 Fading and Diversity reception

53 5 Antenna Measurements: Reciprocity in Antenna measurements


55 5 Measurement of radiation pattern – Measurement of ranges

56 5 Measurement of different Antenna parameters- Directional pattern

57 5 Gain, Phase

58 5 Polarization


60 5 Impedance

61 5 Efficiency

62 5 Effective gain

63 5 SAR




1. Explain the following terms (i) Beam width (ii) Omni directional pattern (iii)Side lobe level (iv)Field pattern of antenna

2. Define the terms, (i) Bandwidth (ii) Polarization (iii) Effective aperture area.3. What are principle planes? How the antenna beam width is defined in such planes?4. Distinguish between directive gain and power gain.5. Write short note on Normalized field pattern.6. Explain the following, i. Beam area ii. Radiation intensity iii. Beam Efficiency

iv. Directivity.7. Explain scalar, vector potential and retarded vector potential .Explain its significance

in electromagnetic radiation.8. Explain near field and radiation field. Explain the distance requirement between

transmitter and receiver so as to obtain accurate radiation pattern.9. What is meant by Radiation pattern. With derivation explain the radiation pattern of

half wave dipole also explain the significance of radiation pattern. 10. What is an isotropic radiator? What is the shape of its radiation pattern in three

dimensional spaces?11. State and explain reciprocity theorem. What are the applications of reciprocity

theorem to antennas?12. Write short note on effective area and effective length of an antenna.13. Derive the field components and draw the field pattern for two point source with

spacing of λ/2 and fed with current of equal n magnitude but out of phase by 1800. 14. What is the necessity of an array? 15. Explain the three different types of array with regard to beam pointing direction.16. Explain about radiation pattern of 4-isotropic and 8-isotropic elements fed in phase,

spaced λ/2 apart?17. What is uniform linear array? Discuss the application of linear array? 18. Explain the advantages and disadvantage of linear array?19. What is the optimum spacing in parasitic array? Why?20. Compare Broad side array and End fire array?21. Explain the concept of scanning arrays and what the requirement of tapering of arrays

is.22. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of binomial array? and also Explain the

procedure for measuring the radiation pattern of half wave dipole?23. Show that, the Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind of order 4 in x is given: T4(x) =

8x4-8x2+1.24. What happens when spacing between elements of broad side array is a multiple of

wavelength? Explain.25. Write short note on small loops.26. Compare far fields of small loop and short dipole.27. What are the different advantages and disadvantages of loop antennas28. Sketch the far field patterns of loops of 0.1λ, λ and 3λ/2 diameter.



29. What is the effect of the shape of the small loop on its far field pattern?30. Write short notes on travelling wave antenna?31. What is a V- antenna? Explain its characteristics?32. Explain the constructional features and characteristics of a rhombic antenna.33. Sketch and explain the constructional features of a helical antenna?34. Distinguish between Resonant and non-resonant antennas.35. Distinguish between Narrow band and Wide band antennas.36. What are the different paths used for propagating radio waves from 300 kHz and 300

MHz?37. Distinguish between radio and optical horizons. Give the reasons?38. What is line of sight propagation and explain it.39. Write short note on tropospheric scatter propagation.40. Discuss the salient features of space wave propagation.41. Write short notes on duct propagation.42. VHF communication is to be established with a 50 watt transmitter at 100 MHz. 43. Calculate the LOS distance, if the heights of transmitting and receiving antennas are

respectively 50 m and 10 m. Assuming the capture area of the transmitting antenna is 25 sqmts, calculate the field strength at the receiving neglecting ground reflected wave.

44. Write a short note on “Antenna Pattern Measurements”.45. Describe the method of measuring the gain and radiation pattern of an antenna?46. Explain the impedance measurement of a horn antenna by using slotted line method

with necessary relations?47. Explain the method of measurement of HPBV of a horn antenna in H plane with a

neat sketch ?48. Explain the method to find the directivity of the horn antenna?49. Define and explain Radiation resistance and radiation efficiency50. With neat sketches, describe how radiation resistance is experimentally measured.



7. EC010 604

COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND PARALLELPROCESSING



7.1. COURSE INFORMATION SHEETPROGRAMME: ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

DEGREE: B.TECH

COURSE: COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND PARALLEL PROCESSING

SEMESTER: VI CREDITS: 4

COURSE CODE: EC010 601 REGULATION: 2010

COURSE TYPE: CORE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

CONTACT HOURS: 3+1 (Tutorial) hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): NIL

LAB COURSE NAME: NIL

SYLLABUS:UNIT DETAILS HOURSI Introduction : Difference between Architecture, Organisation and Hardware, Review of basic

operational concepts – Stored program concept, Instruction sequencing, bus structure, Software support- translating and executing a program- assembler, linker, loader, OS, Instruction types and Addressing modes. CPU Performance and its factors, Performance evaluation, The Power wall, Switch from uniprocessors to multiprocessors, Basic concepts of pipelining, superscalar architecture and multithreading, Instruction level parallelism (basic idea only).

12

II Processor Organisation: Control Unit design: Execution of a complete instruction, Single bus and multibus organisation, Sequencing of control signals, Hardwired control unit, Microprogrammed control unit. Arithmetic and logic design – review of signed and unsigned binary arithmetic, fast adders, Array multiplier, sequential multiplier, Booth’s algorithm, fast multiplication methods, integer division – restoring and non-restoring methods, floating point numbers.

12

III Memory and I/O Organisation: Memory hierarchy, Memory characteristics, Internal organization of semiconductor RAM memories, Static and Dynamic RAM memories, flash memory, Cache memory – mapping function, replacement algorithm, measurement and improvement of cache performance, Virtual memory and address translation, MMU. Secondary memories – magnetic and optical disks, I/O accessing – Programmed, Interrupt driven and DMA , Buses- synchronous and asynchronous, bus standards.

12

IV Parallel Processing :Enhancing performance with pipelining-overview, Designing instruction set for pipelining, pipelined datapath, Hazards in pipelining. Flynn’s classification, Multicore processors and Multithreading, Multiprocessor systems-Interconnection networks, Multicomputer systems, Clusters and other message passing architecture.

12

V PC Hardware: Today’s PC architecture – block diagram, Familiarisation of PC hardware components. Processor - Pentium series to higher processors - single core, hyperthreading, dualcore, multi core and many core processors (brief idea about evolution and improvements in performance) Motherboard – Typical architecture , Essential Chipsets, Sockets, Slots and ports –serial, parallel, USB, RAM , Brief idea about buses, Subsystems (Network, Sound and Graphics, Ethernet port), Storage devices : Hard Disks-Types and Classification based on interface- Optical Storage – CD, DVD, BLURAY SMPS – Functions, power connectors.Typical specifications for a computer

12

TOTAL HOURS 60TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS:T/R BOOK TITLE/AUTHORS/PUBLICATION 1 Carl Hamacher : “Computer Organization ”, Fifth Edition, Mc Graw Hill.2 David A. Patterson and John L.Hennessey, “Computer Organisation and Design”, Fourth Edition, Morgan

Kaufmann.3 William Stallings: “Computer Organisation and Architecture”, Pearson Education.4 John P Hayes : “Computer Architecture and Organisation”, Mc Graw Hill.5 Andrew S Tanenbaum : “Structured Computer Organisation”, Pearson Education.6 Craig Zacker : “PC Hardware : The Complete Reference”, TMH.7 Nicholas P Carter : “Computer Architecture and Organization”, Mc Graw Hill.8 Pal Chaudhari: “Computer Organisation and Design”, Prentice hall of India.COURSE PRE-REQUISITES:C.CODE COURSE NAME DESCRIPTION SEMEC010 Digital Electronics Control Unit and ALU designs which needs a thorough IV



404 knowledge of Digital Electronics

EC010 506

Microprocessors and ApplicationsThe topics Memory and I/O organization and Parallel

Processing needs better understanding of Microprocessors and their interfacing.

V

COURSE OBJECTIVES:1 To impart the basic concepts of architecture and organisation of computers2 To develop understanding about pipelining and parallel processing techniques3 To impart knowledge about the current PC hardwareCOURSE OUTCOMES:

S NO DESCRIPTIONPO

MAPPING

1 Will have a sound understanding of architecture and organisation of computers. a, b2 Will have a sound understanding of pipelining and parallel processing techniques. a, b

3Will be able to design control unit and ALU for simple applications thus able to design and interpret engineering problems.

a, b

4Will be able to appear for any competitive examinations for computers / microprocessors since it deals with pipelining, parallel processing and processor, memory & I/O organizations.

a

5Will be able to understand and interpret new processors developed hence helps in lifelong learning.

a, i, c

6Will have lot of scope for doing research in this area to develop new concepts and processor architectures.

i, j, k, l

7Reading assignments are given to read the books so as to develop a imagination capability to understand the processor architecture and organization.

d, e

GAPS IN THE SYLLABUS - TO MEET INDUSTRY/PROFESSION REQUIREMENTS:

SNO DESCRIPTIONPROPOSEDACTIONS

1 Interfacing of processor and memory Assignment2 Interconnection of various computing modules Mini Project3 Practical application of parallel processing techniques ProjectPROPOSED ACTIONS: TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ASSIGNMENT/INDUSTRY VISIT/GUEST LECTURER/NPTEL ETCTOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ADVANCED TOPICS/DESIGN:1 Evolution of computers to today’s form2 Convergence of different computing devices3 Cloud computing4 Pipelining & Parallel Processing techniques used by various processor manufacturers5 Basic idea of supercomputersWEB SOURCE REFERENCES:1 http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/video.php?subjectId=1061020622 http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/video.php?subjectId=1061060923 https://computing.llnl.gov/tutorials/parallel_comp/DELIVERY/INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES:☐ CHALK & TALK ☐ STUD. ASSIGNMENT ☐ WEB RESOURCES☐ LCD/SMART BOARDS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐ ADD-ON COURSESASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-DIRECT☐ ASSIGNMENTS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐ TESTS/MODEL EXAMS ☐ UNIV. EXAMINATION

☐ STUD. LAB PRACTICES ☐ STUD. VIVA ☐ MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS ☐ CERTIFICATIONS

☐ ADD-ON COURSES ☐ OTHERSASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-INDIRECT☐ ASSESSMENT OF COURSE OUTCOMES (BY FEEDBACK, ONCE) ☐ STUDENT FEEDBACK ON FACULTY (TWICE)


Prepared by Approved by(Faculty) (HOD)Bonifus P L



7.2. COURSE PLAN


1 1 CIS, Introduction

2 1Prerequisite Tutorials (Digital Electronics & Microprocessors and Applications)

3 1Difference between Architecture, Organisation and Hardware, Review of basic operational concepts – Stored program concept

4 1 Instruction sequencing, bus structure

5 1 Tutorial

6 1Software support- translating and executing a program- assembler, linker, loader, OS

7 1 Instruction types and Addressing modes

8 1 CPU Performance and its factors

9 1Performance evaluation, The Power wall, Switch from uniprocessors to multiprocessors

10 1 Tutorial

11 1 Basic concepts of pipelining

12 1 Superscalar architecture and multithreading

13 1 Tutorial

14 1 Instruction level parallelism

15 2 Control Unit design: Execution of a complete instruction

16 2 Tutorial

17 2 Single bus and multibus organisation

18 2 Sequencing of control signals, Hardwired control unit

19 2 Tutorial

20 2 Microprogrammed control unit

21 2Arithmetic and logic design – review of signed and unsigned binary arithmetic



22 2 Fast adders

23 2 Tutorial

24 2 Array multiplier, sequential multiplier

25 2 Booth’s algorithm, fast multiplication methods

26 2 Integer division – restoring and non-restoring methods

27 2 Tutorial

28 2 Floating point numbers

29 3 Memory hierarchy, Memory characteristics

30 3 Tutorial

31 3Internal organization of semiconductor RAM memories, Static and Dynamic RAM memories

32 3 Flash memory, Cache memory – mapping function

33 3Replacement algorithm, measurement and improvement of cache Performance

34 3 Virtual memory and address translation

35 3 Tutorial

36 3 MMU

37 3 Secondary memories – magnetic and optical disks

38 3 Tutorial

39 3 I/O accessing – Programmed, Interrupt driven and DMA

40 3 Tutorial

41 3 Buses- synchronous and asynchronous, bus standards

42 4 Enhancing performance with pipelining-overview

43 4 Tutorial

44 4 Designing instruction set for pipelining, pipelined datapath

45 4 Hazards in pipelining



46 4 Tutorial

47 4 Flynn’s classification

48 4 Tutorial

49 4 Multicore processors and Multithreading

50 4 Multiprocessor systems-Interconnection networks

51 4 Multicomputer systems

52 4 Tutorial

53 4 Clusters and other message passing architecture

54 5SMPS – Functions, power connectors Typical specifications for a computer

55 4 Tutorial

56 5 Today’s PC architecture – block diagram

57 5 Familiarisation of PC hardware components

58 5 Tutorial

59 5Processor - Pentium series to higher processors - single core, hyperthreading

60 5 Tutorial

61 5 Dual core, multi core and many core processors

62 5 Motherboard – Typical architecture , Essential Chipsets, Sockets

63 5 Tutorial

64 5 Slots and ports – serial, parallel, USB, RAM

65 5 Tutorial

66 5Brief idea about buses, Subsystems (Network, Sound and Graphics, Ethernet port)

67 5Storage devices : Hard Disks-Types and Classification based on interface-Optical Storage – CD, DVD, BLURAY




1. Explain difference between architecture and organization.2. Explain multithreading in processors.3. Explain the concept of power wall.4. Explain how user program and OS routines shares the processor with a suitable

example and diagram.5. A compiler designer is trying to decide between two code sequences for a particular

computer. The hardware designers have supplied the following facts:

CPIInstruction ClassA B C1 2 3

For a particular high-level language statement, the compiler writer is considering two code sequences that require the following instruction counts:

Code Sequence

Instruction counts for each instruction classA B C

1 2 1 22 4 1 1Which code sequence executes the most instructions? Which will be faster? What is the CPI for each sequence?

6. Explain in detail different methods of I/O accessing.7. Write short not about switch form uniprocessors to multiprocessors.8. What do you mean by CPU performance, how it is measured and what are its factors?

Also write down classic CPU performance equation.9. How on-chip parallelism can increase the throughput of a chip, also explain different

techniques to achieve on-chip parallelism.10. How does micro programmed control unit works.11. Explain different types of division techniques.12. Write short note about Booth algorithm and its efficiency with suitable examples.13. Explain how signed and unsigned addition can be performed using 2’s complement

logic.14. Explain execution of a complete instruction for a single bus organization. What

happens when an unconditional and conditional branch occurs, explain with control sequence.

15. Explain Microprogrammed control unit in detail.16. Explain long hand, restoring & non-restoring division of binary numbers in detail.

Also draw the circuit arrangement for binary division.17. How carry save addition can be used to speed up the addition of summands in a

multiplication operation compared to ripple carry addition? Explain in detail with suitable diagrams and examples.

18. Explain how signed and unsigned subtraction can be performed using 2’s complement logic.



19. Describe the working of a sequential multiplier with the help of an example.20. Explain in detail about Carry Look Ahead addition and its propagation delays. Also

explain about high level generate and propagate functions.21. Briefly explain MMU.22. Explain replacement algorithm.23. Briefly explain types of memories used in computer.24. Write a brief note on magnetic disk principles.25. Explain how virtual address is translated to physical address26. What is the need for replacement algorithms in cache memory, explain any one in

brief.27. Write a note on use of a PCI bus in a computer system. Also explain how read

operation is done on PCI bus.28. Explain about Superscalar operation and Multithreading.29. Explain in detail organization of asynchronous and synchronous DRAMs. Also write

notes on concepts of burst read operation, latency & bandwidth and DDR SDRAM.30. Explain in detail different cache memory mapping functions.31. How cache performance can be measured and analyzed. What are the techniques to

improve cache performance?32. What are the hazards of pipelining?33. Explain instruction sets for pipelining.34. Explain message passing architecture in detail.35. What is operand forwarding?36. What are the different types of parallel processor systems according to Flynn?37. How performance can be enhanced with pipelining? Explain with the help of an

example. 38. Draw a neat diagram of pipelined datapath, mention what are the changes from a non-

pipelined datapath.39. Explain different message passing networks in detail.40. What is a cluster? What are its advantages and disadvantages?41. What are the peculiarities of the instruction set for pipelined architecture?42. Explain in detail about data hazard and instruction hazard.43. Classify storage devices.44. Write notes on Pentium processor.45. Explain block diagram and architecture of common PC.46. Explain various hardware units of PC.47. What is hyperthreading?48. Explain in detail about various optical storage methods.49. Explain the working and functions of SMPS.50. Explain various hardware units of PC.



8.EC010 605

MICROCONTROLLERS AND APPLICATIONS




PROGRAMME: U.G. DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: MICROCONTROLLERS AND APPLICATIONS SEMESTER: SIX CREDITS: 4

COURSE CODE: EC010 605 REGULATION: 2010 COURSE TYPE: REGULAR

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: Microcontrollers CONTACT HOURS: 4+2 (Tutorial) hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): yes LAB COURSE NAME:ECE 010 607 Microprocessor &Microcontroller Lab

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I Introduction to Microcontrollers: Comparison with Microprocessors – Harvard and Von Neumann Architectures - 80C51 microcontroller – features - internal block schematic -pin descriptions, I/O ports.

9

II Memory organization – Programming model - Program status word - register banks -Addressing modes - instruction set –Programming examples.

9

III Interrupts - interrupt sources - interrupt handling – programming examples. Timers operationdifferent modes –waveform generation- programming examples - Serial communication-different modes - programming examples.

9

IV Interfacing of DIP switch- LED -7 segment displays -alphanumeric LCD – relay interface –Stepper motor –ADC-DAC-interfacing programs using assembly language.

9

V Overview of PIC 18, memory organisation, CPU, registers, pipelining, instruction format, addressing modes, instruction set, interrupts, interrupt operation, resets, parallel ports, timers, CCP.

9

TOTAL HOURS 45

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS:

T/RBOOK TITLE/AUTHORS/PUBLICATION

1 Muhammad Ali Mazidi, The 8051 Microcontroller and embedded sytems, Pearson Education 2nd edition, 2006

2 Kenneth J Ayala, The 8051 Microcontroller, Penram International, 3rd edition 20073 Myke Predko, “Programming and customizing the 8051 microcontroller” TMH, 2004

4 Han Way Huang, “PIC microcontroller An introduction to software and hardware interfacing”, Cenage learning 2007

5 Muhammad Ali Mazidi “PIC microcontroller and embedded systems using assembly and C for PIC 18” , Pearson 2009

COURSE PRE-REQUISITES:

C.CODE COURSE NAME DESCRIPTION SEM

EN010 506 Microprocessors and applications 8085 and 8086 processors architecture and assembly language programming basics

5

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1 To study the architecture of 8051, PIC18 microcontrollers 2 To understand the instruction set and programming of 8051.

3 To know the Interfacing methods and programming using 8051.



COURSE OUTCOMES:

SNO DESCRIPTION POMAPPING

1 At the completion of the course the students are expected to have a detailed idea about the architecture of microcontrollers.

a,b,c,e,i,k

2 By this course students will get knowledge about the assembly language programming a,b,c,e,i,k3 They are expected to design, implement and program microcontrollers for any system

based on the knowledge acquired of the subject. a,b,c,e,i,k

4 They will able to design interfacing circuits and systems using microcontrollers a,b,c,e,i,k

5 This would be helpful to students to study about PIC microcontroller a,b,c,e,i,k,l


SNO DESCRIPTION PROPOSED ACTIONS

1 High level programming in the theory Can be included in the syllabus


TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ADVANCED TOPICS/DESIGN:

1 Keil programming

WEB SOURCE REFERENCES:

1 www.atmel .com

2 http://galia.fc.uaslp.mx/

3 http://www.keil.com/c51/

4 www.nptel.com

DELIVERY/INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES:

☐ CHALK & TALK ☐ STUD. ASSIGNMENT ☐ WEB RESOURCES

☐ LCD/SMART BOARDS ☐STUD. SEMINARS ☐ ADD-ON COURSES

ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-DIRECT

☐ ASSIGNMENTS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐ TESTS/MODEL EXAMS ☐ UNIV. EXAMINATION


☐ ADD-ON COURSES ☐ OTHERS

ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-INDIRECT

☐ ASSESSMENT OF COURSE OUTCOMES (BY FEEDBACK,

ONCE)



Prepared by Approved byMS. TRESSA MICHAEL MR. JAISON JACOB(Faculty) (HOD)



8.2. COURSE PLAN


1 1 Pin Descriptions Port0 ,Port 1, Port 2, Port3 Internal Block Schematic Pin Configurations

2 18051 architecture Oscillator and Clock Program Counter and Data Pointer A and B CPU Registers Flags and Program Status Word Internal Memory Stack and Stack Pointer Special Function Register



5 1 Program protection Power control Register PCON Idle and Power Down Mode

6 1 Program protection Power control Register PCON Idle and Power Down Mode

7 2 Addressing modes of 8051

8 1 Addressing modes of 8051

9 2 Instruction set classification

10 1 16 bit arithmetic operations

11 2 Programming example

12 2 Subroutines basic concepts

13 2 Programming examples

14 2 Branch instructions -programming examples

15 2 Rotation instructions programming examples

16 2 More programming examples

17 3 Interrupts - interrupt sources - interrupt handling

18 3 Interrupts - interrupt sources - interrupt handling

19 3 Timers operationdifferent modes



20 3 Timers operationdifferent modes

21 3 Waveform generation

22 3 Waveform generation

23 3 Serial communicationdifferent modes

24 3 Serial communicationdifferent modes



27 4 Interfacing of DIP switch- LED -7 segment displays

28 4 Alphanumeric LCD

29 4 Relay interface –Stepper motor

30 4 ADC-DAC-interfacing programs

31 5 Overview of PIC 18

32 5 CPU, registers

33 5 Memory

34 5 Pipelining

35 5 Addressing modes

36 5 Instruction set

37 5 Interrupts, interrupt operation

38 5 Resets

39 5 Parallel ports

40 5 Parallel ports




1. Differentiate between Microprocessor and Microcontroller? 2. Describe the Pin configuration of 8051? 3. Draw and Explain the Block Diagram of 8051? 4. What are different ways for classifying the Microcontroller? 5. List the various types of Microcontroller and their family members? 6. Describe the port structure of Microcontroller? 7. Define the Input port and Output port? 8. Explain 8051 signals which has different meaning at different instances? 9. When should EPROM to be used and when to be flash to be used? 10. Describe Internal Structure of Data Memory? 11. List the benefits of EPROM and Flash memory? 12. Describe the Instruction DJNZ,SETB,CLR, RL? 13. W.A.P. to add two 8 bit numbers kept in internal memory? 14. W.A.P. to multiply two 8-bit kept in the External data memory addressed by

5000H and 5001H respectively. Store the result in the Memory addressed by 5002H.

15. W.A.P. to move bit 4 of RAM location to bit 2 of Accumulator? 16. Describe the concept of stack in 8051? 17. W.A.P. to find largest number among two 8-bit number? 18. Describe the classification of instruction set of 8051? 19. Explain the difference between MOC, MOVX, and MOVC? 20. Describe the difference between LJMP, AJMP and SJMP? 21. Why PUSH and POP instructions are useful for serving to an interrupt? 22. Compare program, routine, interrupt service routine? 23. How do you find execution time for set of instructions in the program? 24. WAP to load 98H into accumulator and execute RRC three times and then add

70H. What will be the results in A and Flags? Assume CF=0?.25. Create a Square wave of 50% duty cycle over Port 0.0? 26. WAP perform a) keep monitoring the P0.1 until it becomes high b) When P0.1

become high, read data from Port 1 and c) send a low to high pulse on P0.2 indicate that data has been read?

27. WAP to toggle P1.3, P1.7, P.15 continuously without disturbing other pins of port?

28. Explain the difference between MOV 80H, #99H and MOV @R0, #99H if R0=80H?

29. If A=90H and CY=1, what is the value A after execution of a) RR A b) RL A c) RLC A DNA) RRC A

30. Describe the interrupt structure of 8051? 31. Define the Interrupt latency and Dead line? 32. How enabling and disabling of interrupt can be carried out? 33. What is the role of polling to determine the interrupt sources?



34. List the flags for each interrupt source in 8051? 35. Describe the multiple interrupt sources in 8051? 36. How do you disable all the interrupts? 37. How you will set the priorities of interrupt? 38. Describe the Block diagram of 8259? 39. Describe ICW1, ICW2, ICW3, and ICW4? 40. Describe OCW1, OCW2 and OCW3? 41. Draw the interfacing of 8259 with 8051? 42. List interrupts supported by 8051, with their priority and vector location?43. Interface ADC0816 with 8051 with Port 0 and Port 1? W.A.P. to read the analog

sample and store into memory addressed by 20H? 44. Interface DAC 0800 with 8051? 45. W.A.P. to generate a square wave through it? 46. Describe the IC ADC0816? List it specification? 47. Interface LCD display with 8051? W.A.P. to display 10 characters whose ASCII

code is stored in internal memory addressed by 20H? 48. Design Temperature controlled system using 8051 where system is sensed

temperature of furnace at a regular interval. If it exceeds the desired level (assume) then Heater control should be turn off otherwise it remains On?

49. Describe the Ideal and Power down mode of 8051? 50. List the various LCD command codes?



9.EC010 606L04

MEDICAL ELECTRONICS




PROGRAMME: U.G. DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: MEDICAL ELECTRONICS SEMESTER: S6 CREDITS: 4

COURSE CODE: EC010 606 L04 REGULATION: COURSE TYPE: ELECTIVE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: INSTUMENTATION CONTACT HOURS: 3+1 (Tutorial) hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY):_ LAB COURSE NAME:_

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I

Introduction to the physiology of cardiac, nervous & muscular and respiratory systems. Transducers and Electrodes: Different types of transducers & their selection for biomedical applications. Electrode theory, selection criteria of electrodes & different types of electrodes such as, Ag - Ag Cl, pH, etc 12

II

Cardiovascular measurement: The heart & the other cardiovascular systems. Measurement of Blood pressure-direct and indirect method, Cardiac output and cardiac rate. Electrocardiography-waveform-standard lead systems typical ECG amplifier, phonocardiography, Ballisto cardiography, Cardiac pacemaker –defibrillator –different types and its selection.

12

III

EEG Instrumentation requirements –EEG electrode –frequency bands – recording systems EMG basic principle-block diagram of a recorder –pre amplifier. Bed side monitor –block diagram- measuring parameters-cardiac tachometer-Alarms-Lead fault indicator-central monitoring. Telemetry – modulation systems – choice of carrier frequency – single channel telemetry systems.

12

IV

Instrumentation for clinical laboratory: Bio electric amplifiers-instrumentation amplifiers-isolation amplifiers-chopper stabilized amplifiers –input guarding - Measurement of pH value of Blood-blood cell counting, blood flow, Respiratory transducers and instruments.

12

VMedical Imaging: Computer tomography – basic principle, application –advantage, X ray tubes, collimators, detectors and display - Ultra sound imaging

12

TOTAL HOURS 60


T/R BOOK TITLE/AUTHORS/PUBLICATION

R J J Carr, “Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology” : Pearson Education 4th e/d.

R K S Kandpur, “Hand book of Biomedical instrumentation”, Tata McGraw Hill 2nd e/d.

R John G Webster, “Medical Instrumentation application and design”, John Wiley 3rd e/d.

R Richard Aston, “Principle of Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurement”.



EC010305 Analog Circuits-I To provide an insight into the working, analysis and design of basic analog circuits and its applications 1

EC010406 Analog Circuits- II To understand operational amplifier in detail and its applications.

4

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1To help the students learn the basics of instrumentation related to biomedical systems and to get an overall knowledge of the medical equipments for diagnosis and therapy and medical imaging systems.

COURSE OUTCOMES:




1 The ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs in the biomedical

sector .

a,b,c,e

2 The capability to apply science and engineering concepts to solve problems at the interface of engineering and biology.

a,b,h,i,j,k

3 An ability to make measurements and interpret data from living systems. a,c,e,h

4 An ability to address problems associated with man-machine interaction systems. b,c,e,h,i

5 To develop technology to help the medical world in the diagnosis and therapyof diseases.

c,f,h,i,k


SNO DESCRIPTION PROPOSEDACTIONS

1 Practical Implementation of Digital Signal Processing techniques Concepts and techniques demonstrated using simulation tools like Matlab.

PROPOSED ACTIONS: TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ASSIGNMENT/INDUSTRY VISIT/GUEST LECTURER/NPTEL ETCTOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ADVANCED TOPICS/DESIGN:

1 Systolic, Diastolic and Mean Detector circuit Plethysmography.

2 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (NMRI) Technique


1 http://users.rowan.edu/~polikar/CLASSES/ECE404/Lecture6.pdf

2 http://www.cis.rit.edu/htbooks/nmr/inside.htm

3 http://users.rowan.edu/~polikar/CLASSES/ECE404/Lecture13.pdf



☐ LCD/SMART BOARDS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐ ADD-ON COURSES







ONCE)



Prepared by Approved byMS. ANILA KURIAKOSE MR. JAISON JACOB (Faculty) (HOD)



9.2. COURSE PLAN


1 1 Introduction to the physiology of cardiovascular system

2 1 Introduction to the physiology of respiratory system

3 1 Introduction to the physiology of nervous system

4 1 Introduction to the physiology of muscular system

5 1 Transducers and their selection criteria

6 1 Types of transducers

7 1 Electrode theory

8 1 Selection criteria of electrodes & different types of electrodes

9 1 Types of transducers -- contd.

10 2 The heart & the other cardiovascular systems

11 2 Measurement of Blood pressure-direct method-indirect method

12 2 Measurement of Blood pressure- contd.

13 2 Cardiac output and cardiac rate

14 2 Electrocardiography-waveform-standard lead systems

15 2 Standard lead systems (contd)

16 2 Typical ECG amplifier, phonocardiography

17 2 Ballisto cardiography,Cardiac pacemaker

18 2 Cardiac Pacemakers -- contd.

19 2 Defibrillator selection-different types

20 2 Defibrillator selection-different types-- contd

21 3 EEG Instrumentation requirements –EEG electrode-frequency bands



22 3 EEG recording systems

23 3 EMG basic principle-block diagram of a recorder –pre amplifier

24 3 Bed side monitor –block diagram,measuring parameters

25 3 Cardiac tachometer-Alarms-Lead fault indicator

26 3 Cardiac tachometer-Alarms-Lead fault indicator

27 3 Central monitoring

28 3 Telemetry – modulation systems - choice of carrier frequency

29 3 Single channel telemetry systems

30 4 Instrumentation for clinical laboratory: Bio electric amplifiers

31 4 Instrumentation amplifiers isolation amplifiers

32 4 Chopper stabilized amplifiers –input guarding

33 4 Measurement of ph value of Blood

34 4 Blood cell counting

35 4 Blood flow measurements

36 4 Respiratory transducers

37 4 Instruments for respiratory measurements

38 4 Instruments for respiratory measurements -- contd.

39 5 Medical Imaging: Computer tomography – basic principle

40 5 Medical Imaging: Computer tomography – basic principle-- contd.

41 5 Computed tomography (contd)

42 5 Applications and advantages of CT

43 5 X ray tubes

44 5 X ray tubes -- contd.



45 5 Collimators

46 5 Detectors and display

47 5 Ultrasound imaging

48 5 Ultrasound imaging (contd)

48 5 Ultrasound imaging (contd)




1. Explain with figure the electrical activity of the heart. Also draw the electrocardiogram waveform and explain.

2. Briefly explain respiratory system and blood purification.3. Define and explain resting and action potentials.4. How is an action potential generated and propagated? Draw and explain an action

potential waveform.5. Describe the anatomy and physiology of a human brain.6. Explain the concept of electrode-skin interface.7. Explain with figure the different types of surface and microelectrodes with their

uses.8. With figure, explain construction, working and applications of Ag-Agcl electrode

and pH electrodes.9. Describe in detail the transducers for biological applications.10. Write a short note on implantable transducers.11. Describe in detail the different methods of direct pressure measurement.12. Define cardiac rate and cardiac output.13. Describe the thermal dilution method to measure cardiac output.14. Draw and explain ECG waveform.15. Explain the 12 lead system of ECG measurement with figures. What are its

clinical applications?16. Define and explain Einthoven’s triangle and cardiac vector. 17. Explain Phonocardiography.18. What is a cardiac pacemaker? Explain the different types.19. What is the necessity of a defibrillator? Describe with schematic, the different

types of defibrillators used.20. Explain in detail the different cardiac pacing modes.21. List the different frequency bands of EEG related to the state of a human being.22. Explain the following:

i. EEG electrodesii. EMG electrodes.

23. Explain EMG Recorder with a neat block diagram.24. What are the different parameters measured in a bedside monitoring system.25. With the help of a neat diagram, explain the construction and working of different

types of cardio tachometers.26. Explain the different types of alarm circuits employed in bedside monitors.27. What is a Lead Fault Indicator?28. With block diagram, explain a single channel telemetry system.29. Write a short note on, choice of carrier frequency in a telemetry system.30. With a neat block diagram, explain a multichannel EEG system. Also explain a

visual and auditory evoked potential system.



31. Describe an instrumentation amplifier and explain its role in biomedical instruments.

32. Explain isolation amplifier for biomedical applications and explain its different types?

33. What is input guarding?34. Explain in detail the principle of spirometer with a neat sketch.35. Explain the measurement of pH value of blood.36. Explain the principle of ultrasonic Doppler shift blood flow meter and explain its

operation with a block diagram.37. With block diagram, explain the principle and working of Coulter counter.38. What is a blood cell counter? Explain the different types.39. Sketch the arrangement used for measuring the arterial blood flow using NMR

method. Explain its operation.40. Name different respiratory transducers and briefly explain its working. 41. Explain the role of collimators and grids in X-ray tubes.42. Briefly explain the gantry geometry.43. Explain the basic principle of X-Ray tubes.44. Explain the basic principle of computed tomography with neat diagram.45. Briefly explain the different ultrasound imaging techniques.46. Describe the automatic dose control in an X-Ray image intensifier system.47. Compare the advantages and applications of X-Ray and ultrasound scanning

systems.48. Draw the block diagram of X-Ray image intensifier system and explain its

constructional details.49. Explain micro shock hazards and macro shock hazards with figures.50. Explain patient safety and the precautions taken to ensure it.



10. EC010 606L06

TELEVISION AND RADAR ENGINEERING




PROGRAMME: ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: TELEVISION AND RADAR ENGINEERING SEMESTER: 6 CREDITS: 4

COURSE CODE: EC010 606L06 REGULATION : 2010

COURSE TYPE: ELECTIVE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: COMMUNICATION CONTACT HOURS: 3+1 (Tutorial) hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): NIL LAB COURSE NAME: NA

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I Principles of television - image continuity - interlaced scanning - blanking - synchronizing –composite video signal - video and sound signal modulation - channel bandwidth - vestigialsideband transmission – television signal propagationTelevision receiver circuits – IF section, video detector-video amplifiers-AGC, Syncprocessing and AFC-Horizontal and vertical deflection circuits –sound section-tuner .

12

II Colour TV - Colour perception - luminance, hue and saturation - colour TV camera andpicture tube(working principle only) - colour signal transmission - bandwidth - modulation -formation of chrominance signal - principles of NTSC, PAL and SECAM coder and decoder.

12

III Digital TV - composite digital standards - 4 f sc NTSC standard - general specifications -sampling structure - digital transmission, Flat panel display TV receivers-LCD and Plasmascreen receivers-3DTV-EDTV.Cable TV - cable frequencies - co-axial cable for CATV - cable distribution system - cabledecoders - wave traps and scrambling methods, Satellite TV technology-Geo StationarySatellites-Satellite Electronics

12

IV Introduction- Radar Equation- Block diagram- Radar frequencies- Applications- Prediction ofrange performance –Pulse Repetition Frequency and Range ambiguities –Antennaparameters- System losses.CW Radar-The Doppler Effect- FM-CW radar- Multiple frequency radar – MTI Radar-Principle- Delay line cancellors- Noncoherent MTI-Pulse Doppler Radar- Tacking Radar –Sequential lobing-Conical Scan- Monopulse – Acquisition- Comparison of Trackers.

12

V Radar Transmitters- Modulators-Solid state transmitters, Radar Antennas- Parabolic-Scanning feed-Lens- Radomes, Electronically steered phased array antenna-Applications,Receivers-Displays-Duplexers.Special purpose radars-Synthetic aperture radar- HF and over the horizon radar- Airsurveillance radar- Height finder and 3D radars – Bistatic radar-Radar Beacons- RadarJamming and Electronic Counters .

12

TOTAL HOURS 60



T Gulati R.R., Modern Television Engineering, Wiley Eastern Ltd.

R Dhake A.M., Television Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill, 2001 .

R R.P.Bali, “Color Television, Theory and Practice”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1994

R R.G Gupta., “ Television Engineering and Video System”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2005

R Bernard Grob & Charles E. Herndon, “Basic Television and Video Systems”, McGraw Hill International

T Damacher P., “Digital Broadcasting”, IEE Telecommunications Series

T Merrill I. Skolnik, “Introduction to Radar Systems”– 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, 2001.

R Merril I.Skolnik , “Radar Handbook”-, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill Publishers,2008.

R J. C. Toomay, Paul Hannen, “Radar Principles for the Non-Specialist”, Printice hallof India,2004



EN010 109 Basic Electronics Engineering & Information Technology

Basics of Communication Engineering & Circuits 1

EC010 405 Analog Communications Basics of Communication Engineering 4

EC010 505 Applied Electromagnetic Theory Basics of EM waves 5

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1 To familiarize the students with the fundamentals of TV Engineering and its applications

2 To familiarize the students with the fundamentals of Radar Engineering and its applications




1 To familiarise the students with the working principles of television images, TV signal modulation, transmission & propagation and television receiver circuits

a, b, d, e

2 To familiarise the students with the working principles of Colour TV; NTSC, PAL and SECAM standards; Digital TV; Flat panel display TV receivers & Cable TV

a, b, d,

e, j, k

3 To understand Radar systems and basic equations. a, b, d, e

4 To study different types of radar systems and its applications; radar transmitters; different special purpose radars

a, b, d,

e, j, k

5 To understanding working principle of the digital TV standards and displays and cable TV c,h


SNO DESCRIPTION PROPOSEDACTIONS

1 Electromagnetic Deflection Seminar topic

2. Weather surveillance radar (WSR) Seminar topic



1 Familiarize students with the modern TV technology, display system and transmission means.

2 Familiarize students with the real life applications of radar systems


1 http://broadcastengineering.com/

2 http://www.rfcafe.com/










ONCE)



Prepared by Approved by DR. DEEPTI DAS KRISHNA MR. JAISON JACOB (Faculty) (HOD)



10.2. COURSE PLAN


1 1 Principles of television

2 1 Elements of TV system

3 1 Image continuity - interlaced scanning

4 1 Blanking - synchronizing

5 1 Composite video signal

6 1 Video and sound signal modulation

7 1 Channel bandwidth

8 1 Channel bandwidth

9 1 Vestigial sideband transmission

10 1 Television signal propagation

11 1 Television receiver circuits

12 1 IF section, video detector-video amplifiers

13 1 AGC,Sync processing

14 1 AFC

15 1 Horizontal and vertical deflection circuits

16 1 Sound section-tuner

17 2 Colour TV

18 2 Colour perception - luminance, hue and saturation

19 2 Colour TV camera - (working principle only)

20 2 Colour TV picture tube(working principle only)

21 2 Colour signal transmission



22 2 Bandwidth - modulation

23 2 Formation of chrominance signal

24 2 Tutorial

25 2 Principles of NTSC, PAL

26 2 Principles of SECAM coder and decoder.

27 3 Digital TV

28 3 Digital standards - 4 f sc NTSC standard - general specifications

29 3 Sampling structure - digital transmission

30 3 Flat panel display TV receivers

31 3 LCD and Plasma screen receivers-3DTV-EDTV

32 3 Cable TV - cable frequencies - co-axial cable for CATV

33 3 Cable distribution system - cable decoders

34 3 Wave traps and scrambling methods

35 3 Satellite TV technology

36 3 Geo Stationary Satellites

37 3 Satellite Electronics

38 3 Tutorial

39 3 Module 1,2,3 tutorial

40 4 Introduction RADAR

41 4 Radar Equation

42 4 Block diagram- Radar frequencies- Applications

43 4Prediction of range performance –Pulse Repetition Frequency and Range ambiguities

44 4 Antenna parameters- System losses

45 4 CW Radar-The Doppler Effect



46 4 FM-CW radar

47 4 Frequency radar – MTI Radar- Principle

48 4 Delay line cancellors

49 4 Noncoherent MTI-Pulse Doppler Radar

50 4 Tacking Radar –Sequential lobing-Conical Scan

51 4 Monopulse – Acquisition- Comparison of Trackers

52 5 Radar Transmitters- Modulators

53 5 Solid state transmitters

54 5 Solid state transmitters

55 5Radar Antennas- Parabolic-Scanning feed-Lens- Radomes, Electronically steered phased array antenna

56 5 Applications, Receivers-Displays-Duplexers

57 5 Special purpose radars

58 5 Synthetic aperture radar

59 5 Synthetic aperture radar- HF and over the horizon radar

60 5 Air surveillance radar

61 5 Height finder and 3D radars

62 5 Bistatic radar

63 5 Radar Beacons

64 5 Radar Jamming and Electronic Counters




1. What is the effective no. of lines scanned in 625 B TV system? Explain.2. Discuss briefly on the resolving power of image reproducing system considering both

vertical and horizontal resolution.3. What are the functions of equalizing pulses, front porch & back porch of horizontal

sync pulses? 4. What is a BALUN?5. What causes trailing and leading ghost images?6. (a) What is meant by flicker? How is it is avoided?

a. (b) Describe by a block diagram, the general working of a TV system.7. Define scanning. What is Interlaced scanning and how it differs from Ordinary

scanning. Explain.8. (a) Compare SSB transmission with VSB transmission.

a. (b) Explain in detail about image continuity and interlaced scanning.9. Describe how EHT and boosted B+ voltages are developed from the horizontal output

circuit 10. What is a SAW filter? Explain11. Draw the basic colour camera arrangement and write down the use of dichroic mirror12. What is burst blanking? Explain about colour burst blanking circuit.13. Give two ways in which colour and monochrome television broadcasting are

compatible.14. Explain the generation of chrominance signal and Y signal in 625 line system.15. What is frequency interleaving ? Explain.16. Draw the circuit diagram of luminance channel and explain its working17. With the help of simplified block diagram of NTSC colour decoder briefly explain

working of a colour Receiver18. Explain briefly how the human eye perceives brightness and colour sensations.

Comment on the spectral response of the human eye.19. Compare and contrast PAL, NTSC and SECAM TV systems20. Write short notes on :

a. Colour killer circuit.b. Unsuitability of G-Y for transmission.

21. Explain about digital recording.22. Explain sampling structure.23. What is LNB ? Explain it in detail.24. Why is it desirable to down-convert the satellite TV signal received at the antenna?25. Write note on cable frequencies.26. What is DTV? What are all its standards? Explain its compatibility27. Explain the working of Plasma screen receivers28. Draw the block diagram and explain the up-down cable TV converter29. Explain about satellite television.30. With a block diagram, explain a cable converter



31. Explain the principle of FM CW altimeter.32. What is Doppler effect? How it is used in Radar?33. What are the main factors to be considered when deriving radar range equation.34. Explain, what is meant by "Clutter"?35. What are delay line cancellers?36. With a block diagram explain the working of FM-CW radar? How it is used to

measure altitudes?.37. Explain in detail the principle of operation of: FM CW altimeter MTI Radar.38. Draw and explain the basic schematic of pulse RADAR.39. Explain the working of a parabolic antenna, defining the important antenna

parameters40. Differentiate MTI Radar from pulse Doppler radar. Explain the difference.41. Write short notes on :

Dish Antenna.Lens AntennasRadomesModulators

42. What is the function of duplexer used in radar? Explain.43. Explain the role of a mixer in a radar receiver.44. What are reflector antennas? List them. Explain anyone.45. What are the advantages of Electronically steered phased array antenna in radar

systems46. Explain the working of Electronically steered phased array antenna.47. Write short notes on Solid state transmitters48. Write short notes on Air surveillance radar49. Write short notes on Bistatic radar50. Write short notes on Radar Jamming and Electronic Counters.



11.EC010 607

MICROPROCESSOR & MICROCONTROLLER LAB




PROGRAMME: Electronics & Communication Engineering DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: Microprocessor & Microcontroller Lab SEMESTER: 6 CREDITS: 2

COURSE CODE: EC010 607 REGULATION: 2010 COURSE TYPE: CORE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: Embedded system CONTACT HOURS: 3 hrs.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): LAB COURSE NAME: Nil

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I 8086: Sum of N Numbers. 3 hrs.

II 8086: Display message on screen using code and data segment. 3 hrs.

III 8086: Sorting, factorial of a number 3 hrs.

IV 8086: Square, Square root, & Fibonacci series 3hrs

V 8051: Addition and subtraction, Multiplication and division 3 hrs

VI 8051: Sorting, Factorial of a number 3 hrs.

VII 8051: Square, Square root, & Fibonacci series 3 hrs.

VIII 8051: Display (LED, Seven segments) interface. 3 hrs.

IX 8051: Stepper motor interface. 3 hrs.

TOTAL HOURS 27 hrs.



1 “The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems”, Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Pearson



EC010 506

Microprocessors And Applications Students should know architecture and instruction sets of 8086.

5th

EC010 605

Microcontrollers And Applications Students should know architecture and instruction sets of 8051.

6th

COURSE OBJECTIVES:1 To give the students a systematic, step by step approach to embedded systems and

microcontrollers2 Interfacing of various hardware to the microcontroller and the programming is

included in the syllabus3 Assembly language programming 4 To develop the programming skills of the students5 To make students able to do the projects and research in embedded area

COURSE OUTCOMES:SNO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 The lab course make the students able to know the detailed architecture of microcontrollers.

a,b,c,e,i,k

2 By this course students will get knowledge about the assembly language programming

a,b,c,e,i,k

3 Students will study keil and masm software a,b,c,e,i,k



4 Students will be able to in develop embedded systems using 8051 a,b,c,e,i,k

5 They will able to design interfacing circuits and systems using microcontrollers a,b,c,e,i,k

GAPS IN THE SYLLABUS - TO MEET INDUSTRY/PROFESSION REQUIREMENTS:SNO DESCRIPTION PROPOSED ACTIONS

1 High level programming in the theory Can be included in the syllabus



1 Keil programming


1 www.atmel .com

2 http://galia.fc.uaslp.mx/3 http://www.keil.com/c51/

4 www.nptel.com

DELIVERY/INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES:☐ CHALK & TALK ☐ STUD. ASSIGNMENT ☐ WEB RESOURCES

☐ LCD/SMART BOARDS ☐STUD. SEMINARS ☐ ADD-ON COURSES

ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-DIRECT☐ ASSIGNMENTS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐ TESTS/MODEL EXAMS ☐ UNIV. EXAMINATION



ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-INDIRECT☐ ASSESSMENT OF COURSE OUTCOMES (BY FEEDBACK,

ONCE)



Prepared by Approved

by

(Faculty): Tressa Michael

(HOD)



11.2. COURSE PLAN

Session Contents

1 BATCH A- Basic arithmetic operations using 8051 : Simulation

2 BATCH B - Basic arithmetic operations using 8051 : Simulation

3 BATCH A- Basic arithmetic operations using 8051 : Circuit Wiring.

4 BATCH B - Basic arithmetic operations using 8051 : Circuit Wiring.

5 BATCH A-Sorting, Factorial of a number.

6 BATCH B-Sorting, Factorial of a number.

7 BATCH A- Square, Square root, & Fibonacci series

8 BATCH B- Square, Square root, & Fibonacci series

9 BATCH A -Stepper motor interface

10 BATCH B -Stepper motor interface

11 BATCH A -Display (LED, Seven segments

12 BATCH B -Display (LED, Seven segments

138086 BATCH A-Display message on screen using code and data segment

148086 BATCH B-Display message on screen using code and data segment

15BATCH A- Addition /Subtraction of 32 bit numbers,SUM OF N NUMBERS -8086

16BATCH B- Addition /Subtraction of 32 bit numbers,SUM OF N NUMBERS -8086

17 BATCH A-Sorting, factorial of a number-8086

18 BATCH B-Sorting, factorial of a number-8086

19 BATCH A-Square, Square root, & Fibonacci series-8086

20 MODEL LAB EXAM




1. Write an ALP to design a 4 bit decade counter using 8051.( Delay needed : 1 sec)2. Write an ALP to find the average of ‘N’ numbers using 8086.3. Write an ALP to set up an 8 bit Johnson counter using 8051. (Delay needed : 1 sec)4. Write an ALP in 8051 to solve the equation X2 + 5X +4.5. Write an ALP to find factorial of a number using 8086.6. Write a program to rotate stepper motor clockwise for 3 rotations at a speed of 40 rpm

and then anti clockwise for 2 rotations at a speed of 20 rpm using 8051.7. Write an ALP to check whether a given number is odd or even.8. Write an ALP in 8051 to find the sum of factorials up to a number inputted through

port 1 and display the output through port 2. (Hint: 1! + 2! +...+ n!)9. Write an ALP in 8086 to multiply two numbers using repeated addition.10. Write an ALP to implement a traffic signalling system using 8051, delay 3 seconds.

a. [Signalling system should include pedestrian signals (WALK and Don’t WALK)]

11. Write an ALP to find the sum of first ‘N’ natural numbers using 8086.12. Write an ALP on 8051 to accept a block of data. If numbers in that block is divisible

by a number entered through port1 that number should be moved to a new block.13. Write an ALP to find the sum of ‘N’ numbers using 8086.14. Write an ALP in 8051 to accept a block of numbers .Count the no: of numbers

repeating.15. Write an ALP to find factorial of a number using 8086.



12.EC010 608

MINI PROJECT LAB




PROGRAMME: Electronics & Communication DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: MINI PROJECT LAB SEMESTER:6 CREDITS: 2

COURSE CODE:EC010 608 REGULATION:2010

COURSE TYPE: CORE /ELECTIVE / BREADTH/ S&H

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: Electronics & Communication CONTACT HOURS: 3 practical hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): LAB COURSE NAME:

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS1 555 applications 32 Light activated alarm circuit 33 Speed control of electric fan using TRIAC 34 Illumination control circuits 35 Touch control circuits 36 Sound operated circuits 3

7 Design, construction, and debugging of an electronicsystem approved by the department

12

TOTAL HOURS 30



R Pulse, Digital and Switching waveforms by Milman and Taub



Circuit designing and debugging skill

Programming skill viz. C as well as Assembly level Programming

PCB designing and soldering skill is good provided known.

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1 To provide students with the opportunity to identify, design, construction, and debugging of an electronic system. Projects like intercom, SMPS, burglar alarm, UPS, inverter, voting machine, etc, can be chosen

2 To familiarize students with the standard schematic capture & PCB design software and in choosing, buying and implementing in a circuit on a PCB.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

SNO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 Ability to understand and use appropriate electronics components and their data sheets

a,b,c,e,i,j,k

2 Ability to do presentations to an audience of students and teachers a,b,c,d,e,f,g,i,j,k

3 Ability to plan and work in a team d,g


SNO DESCRIPTION PROPOSED

ACTIONS

1 Hands on training program on PIC microcontroller Add on Course

2 LateX software based documentation

PROPOSED ACTIONS: TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ASSIGNMENT/INDUSTRY VISIT/GUEST

LECTURER/NPTEL ETC




1 Students learn to make reports in LaTeX

2 Students do self-learning of MATLAB, PIC programming and other tools as required by their project


1 http://www.electronicsforu.com

2 http://www.labcenter.com

DELIVERY/INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES:☐| CHALK & TALK ☐| STUD. ASSIGNMENT ☐| WEB RESOURCES


ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-DIRECT☐| ASSIGNMENTS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐| TESTS/MODEL EXAMS ☐| UNIV. EXAMINATION

☐| STUD. LAB PRACTICES ☐|STUD. VIVA ☐ MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS ☐ CERTIFICATIONS


ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-INDIRECT☐ ASSESSMENT OF COURSE OUTCOMES (BY FEEDBACK,

ONCE)



Prepared by Approved

by

(Faculty): Dr. Deepti Das Krishna Mr. Sreekumar G.

(HOD)



12.1. COURSE PLAN

Session Contents

1 Mini Project abstract presentation - Batch I

2 Mini Project abstract presentation - Batch II

3 Lab experiments 1, 2, 3 - Batch I

4 Lab experiments 1, 2, 3 - Batch II

5 Lab experiments 4,5,6 - Batch I

6 Lab experiments 4,5,6 - Batch II

7 Mini Project; Submission of fair record of expts. - Batch I

8 Mini Project; Submission of fair record of expts. - Batch II

9 Mini Project - Batch I

10 Mini Project - Batch II



13 Mini Project 50% output - Batch I

14 Mini Project 50% output - Batch II



17 Mini Project 80% output - Batch I

18 Mini Project 80% output - Batch II




22 Mini Project final demo - Batch II



23 Mini Project final demo - Batch I

24 Project Report submission - Batch II

25 Project Report submission - Batch I

Documents

COURSE HAND-OUTSemester VI, Course Hand-Out Department of EC, RSET 8 3. SCHEME: B.TECH 6th SEMESTER (Electronics & Communication Engineering) Mahatma Gandhi University Revised Scheme