Country Report Survey-Vietnam Group-8 Deepak Jaiswal and Group

7/31/2019 Country Report Survey-Vietnam Group-8 Deepak Jaiswal and Group

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VIETNAM

GROUP-8 (TERM-iii)

SUBMITTED TO

Prof. Rajkishan nair

SUBMITTED BY

Deepak kumar jaiswal (FT-11-1095)

Sushant kumar samantaray (FT-11-1113)

Varun singh chauhan (FT-11-1100)

PGDM -SEC-B (2011-13)


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CONTENTS

1.DEMOGRAPHIC STRUCTURES

2.GEOGRAPHIC STRUCTURES

3.HISTORY4.OVERVIEW OF ECONOMY

5.CONTRIBUTION TO TOTAL GDP

6.DETAILS OF EXPORTS AND IMPORTS

7.THE PURCHASING POWER PARITY OF VIETNAM

8.MONETARY POLICY

9.FISCAL POLICY

10. REPORT SUMMARY.11. BIBILIOGRAPHIES.


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VIETNAM

DEMOGRAPHIC REPORT

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Vietnam including population

density ethnicity education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations

and other aspects of the population. Originating in what is now southern China and

northern Vietnam the Vietnamese people pushed southward over two millennia to occupy the

entire eastern seacoast of the Indochinese Peninsula. Ethnic Vietnamese or Vietnam live in the

lowlands and speak the Vietnamese language. This group dominates much of the cultural and

political landscape of Vietnam.

Totalpopulation

Population aged 0-14(%)

Population aged 15-64(%)

Population aged 65+(%)


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Population

1950 28 264 31.9 63.9 4.2

1955 31 329 35.6 60.1 4.3

1960 35 173 40.1 55.5 4.4

1965 39 885 44.1 51.3 4.6

1970 44 928 44.2 50.9 4.8

1975 49 896 42.9 52.3 4.8

1980 54 023 40.7 54.3 4.9

1985 60 307 39.4 55.7 4.9

1990 67 102 38.0 57.0 5.0

1995 74 008 36.5 58.4 5.1

2000 78 758 32.1 62.3 5.6

2005 83 161 27.3 66.8 5.9

2010 87 848 23.6 70.4 6.0


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90,549,390 (July 2011 EST.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 25.2% (male 11,945,354/female 10,868,610)

15-64 years: 69.3% (male 31,301,879/female 31,419,306)65 years and over: 5.5% (male 1,921,652/female 3,092,589) (2011 EST.)

Median age

Total: 27.8 yearsmale: 26.8 yearsfemale: 28.9 years (2011 EST.)

Population growth rate

1.077% (2011 EST.)

Birth rate

17.07 births/1,000 population (2011 EST.)

Death rate

5.96 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 EST.)

Net migration rate

-0.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 EST.)

Urbanization

Urban population: 30% of total population (2010)rate of urbanization: 3% annual rate of change (2010-15 EST.)

Sex ratio

At birth: 1.117 male(s)/femaleunder 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.62 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2011 EST.)

Religions

Buddhist 9.3%, Catholic 6.7%,

Hoe Hao 1.5%,


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Cao Dai 1.1%,

Protestant 0.5%,

Muslim 0.1%, none 80.8% (1999 census)

Languages

Vietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a second language), some French,Chinese, and Khmer, mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)

GEOGRAPHY

Vietnam is located on the eastern margin of the Indochinese and occupies about 331,688 square

kilometers, of which about 25 % was under cultivation in 1987. It borders the gulf of Thailand

and South China Sea, alongside china, Laos, and Cambodia. The S-shaped country has a north-

to-south distance of 1,650 kilometers and is about 50 kilometers wide at the narrowest point.

With a coastline of 3,260 kilometers, excluding islands, Vietnam claims 12 nautical miles

(22.2 km; 13.8 mi) as the limit of its territorial waters, an additional 12 nautical miles (22.2 km;

13.8 mi) as a contiguous customs and security zone, and 200 nautical miles (370.4 km; 230.2 mi)

as an exclusive economic zone.

The boundary with Laos, settled, on both an ethnic and geographical basis, between the rulers of

Vietnam and Laos in the mid-seventeenth century with the annanite range as a reference wasformally defined by a delimitation treaty signed in 1977 and ratified in 1986. The frontier with

Cambodia, defined at the time of French annexation of the western part of the Mekong river

delta in 1867, remained essentially unchanged, according to Hanoi, until some unresolved border

issues were finally settled in the 1982-85 period. The land and sea boundary with China,

delineated under the France-China treaties of 1887 and 1895, is "the frontier line" accepted by

Hanoi that China agreed in 1957- 58 to respect. However, in February 1979, following China's

limited invasion of Vietnam, Hanoi complained that from 1957 onward China had provoked

numerous border incidents as part of its anti-Vietnam policy and expansionist designs in

Southeast Asia. Among the territorial infringements cited was the Chinese occupation in January

1974 of the Paracel Island, claimed by both countries in a dispute left unresolved in the 1980s.

Location: -Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of Tonkin, and SouthChina Sea, alongside China, Laos, and Cambodia


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History-

The Vietnamese are descendants of nomadic Mongols from China and migrants from Indonesia.According to mythology, the first ruler of Vietnam was Hung Dugong, who founded the nationin 2879 B.C. China ruled the nation then known as Nam Viet as a vassal state from111 B.C. until the 15th century, an era of nationalistic expansion, when Cambodians werepushed out of the southern area of what is now Vietnam.

A century later, the Portuguese were the first Europeans to enter the area. France established itsinfluence early in the 19th century, and within 80 years it conquered the three regions into which

the country was then dividedCochin-China in the south, Annam in the central region, andTonkin in the north.

France first unified Vietnam in 1887, when a single governor-generalship was created, followedby the first physical links between north and southa rail and road system. Even at thebeginning of World War II, however, there were internal differences among the three regions.Japan took over military bases in Vietnam in 1940, and a pro-Vichy French administrationremained until 1945. Veteran Communist leader Ho Chi Minh organized an independence

Geographic - 16 00 N, 106 00 E

Map references: -Southeast Asia

Area: Total- 329,560 sq km

land: 325,360 sq kmwater: 4,200 sq km

Area -: slightly larger than New Mexico

Land boundaries: total: 4,639 kmborder countries: Cambodia 1,228 km, China 1,281 km, Laos 2,130 km

Coastline: 3,444 km (excludes islands)

Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nmcontiguous zone: 12 nm

exclusive economic zone: 200 nmcontinental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental marginClimate: tropical in south; monsoonal in north with hot, rainy season (mid-May to mid-

September) and warm, dry season (mid-October to mid-March)

Terrain: low, flat delta in south and north; central highlands; hilly, mountainous in far northand northwest


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movement known as the Vietminh to exploit the confusion surrounding France's weakenedinfluence in the region. At the end of the war, Ho's followers seized Hanoi and declared a short-lived republic, which ended with the arrival of French forces in 1946.

Paris proposed a unified government within the French Union under the former Annanite

emperor, Boa Dai. Cochin-China and Annam accepted the proposal, and Boa Dai wasproclaimed emperor of all Vietnam in 1949. Ho and the Vietminh withheld support, and therevolution in China gave them the outside help needed for a war of resistance against French andVietnamese troops armed largely by a United States worried about cold war Communistexpansion.

Economy - overview

Vietnam is a densely-populated developing country that in the last 30 years has hadto recover from the ravages of war, the loss of financial support from the oldSoviet Bloc, and the rigidities of a centrally-planned economy.

While Vietnam's economy remains dominated by state-owned enterprises (SOEs),which still produce about 40% of GDP, Vietnamese authorities have reaffirmedtheir commitment to economic liberalization and international integration. Theyhave moved to implement the structural reforms needed to modernize the economyand to produce more competitive export-driven industries.

Vietnam joined the WTO in January 2007 following more than a decade-longnegotiation process.

Vietnam became an official negotiating partner in the developing Trans-PacificPartnership trade agreement in 2010.

Agriculture's share of economic output has continued to shrink from about 25% in2000 to about 20% in 2010, while industry's share increased from 36% to 41% inthe same period. Deep poverty has declined significantly and Vietnam is workingto create jobs to meet the challenge of a labor force that is growing by more than

one million people every year.

The global recession has hurt Vietnam's export-oriented economy, with GDP in2009-10 growing less than the 7% per annum average achieved during the lastdecade.


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In 2010, exports increased by more than 25%, year-on-year, but the trade deficitremained high, prompting the government to consider administrative measures tolimit the trade deficit.

Vietnam's managed currency, the dong, continues to face downward pressure dueto a persistent trade imbalance, and, since 2008, the government devalued it by20% through a series of small devaluations.

GDP COMPOSITION BY SECTOR

The above chart shows that in Vietnam the industry sector is contributing major

part of the gross domestic production which is a positive encouraging sector , these

are the given below contribution of industries, which shows the acceleration in the

industrial growth.

20.60%

41.10%

38.30%

Contribution to GDP - 2010

Agriculture

Industry

Services


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MAJOR INDUSTRIES IN VIETNAM


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The purchasing power parity of Vietnam

GDP (purchasing power parity):

$276.6 billion (2010 est.)country comparison to the world: 42$259 billion (2009 est.)$245.9 billion (2008 est.)

The purchasing power parity shows that since 2008 it is increasingconstantly which is a positive sign for country and also reflectsthePropensity to consume and saving as a result of increase in percapita income .

GDP - per capita (PPP):

$3,100 (2010 est.)country comparison to the world: 166$2,900 (2009 est.)

$2,800 (2008 est.)

Note: data are in 2010 US dollars

Per capita income is not good as compare to other countries but itshows a positive sign of improvement.

Gross domestic product (GDP) refers to the market value of all final

goods and services produced within Vietnam in a given period. GDP per

capita is often considered an indicator of a country's.

Vietnam GDPUS$ 118.567 billion (2010 estimate)
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html#2001https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html?countryName=Vietnam&countryCode=vm&regionCode=eas&rank=42#vmhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html#2004https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html?countryName=Vietnam&countryCode=vm&regionCode=eas&rank=166#vmhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html?countryName=Vietnam&countryCode=vm&regionCode=eas&rank=166#vmhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html#2004https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html?countryName=Vietnam&countryCode=vm&regionCode=eas&rank=42#vmhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html#2001


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The real growth rate (GDP)

The Vietnams GDP has shown a positive hope which is increasingover a period of 2008; it shows that economy is on the pace ofgrowth.

2008 2009 2010 2011*

6.3% 5.3% 6.8% 6.3%

The share of total GDP of world.

The sharing is also increasing as its vital impact on the economy shows the realgrowth in the system , which states the effective measures to adopt the changes in theeconomy .

1980 0.14%

1990 -0 .19%

2000 - 0.26%

2010 -0.37%

Inflation rate

Inflation rate (consumer prices):

9% (2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 1957% (2009 est.)
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html#2092https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2092rank.html?countryName=Vietnam&countryCode=vm&regionCode=eas&rank=195#vmhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2092rank.html?countryName=Vietnam&countryCode=vm&regionCode=eas&rank=195#vmhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html#2092


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Investment

Investment (gross fixed):

33.9% of GDP (2010 est.)

country comparison to theworld: 20

These are the real growth and development statistics which shows

the economy and the real situation of Vietnam and the contr ibutionof various sectors.

The monetary and exchange rate policy of Vietnam

Monetary Policy:

Policy rates used actively in early 2008, but less so since.

Monetary policy has been more responsive than policy rates

suggest.

OMOs used to tighten/loosen liquidity (driving interbank rates far

from policy rates on occasion)

Moral suasion, credit targets, and regulations also deployed.

Inflation in 6-10 percent range considered acceptable
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html#2185https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2185rank.html?countryName=Vietnam&countryCode=vm&regionCode=eas&rank=20#vmhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2185rank.html?countryName=Vietnam&countryCode=vm&regionCode=eas&rank=20#vmhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html#2185


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Interbank interest rates of Vietnam

Dec 7, 2011

Term VNIBOR Volume(billion VND)

Over Night 13.89 15.539

1 Weeks 13.10 6.447

2 Weeks 13.14 2.316

1 Months 16.10 5.092

3 Months 13.26 1.727

6 Months 14.34 2.103

12 Months 20.40 1

Discount rate of Vietnam

In 20033%

20053.5% - 5 %

20062008- 5%- 9%- 7.5%

2009- 7.5%- 6%


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Current status of imports and exports

Vietnam Import - Export Highlights in year 2010 by the report from GSO Vietnam |

04/1/2011

This years export turnover is estimated reaching USD 71.6 billion, increasing by 25.5%

against 2009, of which the domestic economic sector gains USD 32.8 billion, up by

22.7%; the FDI sector (including crud oil): USD 38.8 billion up by 27.8%. If crude oil is

excluded, the FDI sectors export turnover is USD 33.9 billion up by 40.1% against

2009.

Generally, the exportation of goods this year has had many advantages since unit prices

of many items in the world market increased, of which prices for cassava and cassava

products increased by 90.7%; for rubber by 81%; for pepper by 39.7%; for cashew nut

by 22.4%; for coal by 52.9%; for crude oil by 33.7%. If the factor of price rise is

excluded, 2010 export turnover is estimated reaching USD 64.5 billion, up by13.4%

against 2009.

Change in import- export (fluctuation)

There is a change in the export turnover structure this year for some groups of

commodities as compared with last year, of which the group of light industrial and

handicraft goods increases by 46% from 42.8%; other groups decrease: heavy industrial

and mineral goods from 29.4% to 27.2%; sea food from 7.4% to 6.9%; gold and gold

products from 4.6% to 4%.


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Export highlights


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http://www.vietpartners.com/images/imex/imex-2010.jpg


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Vietnam Import in 2010

CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE US$

The current account balance shows a decreasing graph which shows anegative indicator.
http://www.vietpartners.com/images/imex/import-2010.jpg


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REPORT SUMMARY

FDI INFLOW 4.5 bn$

Vietnams economic freedom score is 51.6 making its economy the

139th freest in the 2011 and Its score is 1.8 points better than lastyear, mainly reflecting higher scores in monetary freedom andbusiness freedom. Vietnam is ranked 30th out of 41 countries in theAsiaPacific region, and its overall score is lower than the worldand regional averages.Capitalizing on its gradual integration into the global trade and

investment system, Vietnam has been transforming itself into a moremarket-oriented economy. Reforms have included partial privatizationof state-owned enterprises, liberalization of the trade regime, andincreasing recognition of private property rights. Despite the challengingglobal economic environment, the economy has registered annualgrowth rates averaging about 7 percent over the past five years.

Vietnams overall economic freedom, however, is limited by several keyinstitutional factors. State owned-enterprises still account for about 40

percent of GDP, hampering the emergence of a more dynamic privatesector.

Business freedom

Vietnams pursuit of more comprehensive business reform hasprogressed in recent years. Administrative procedures have beenstreamlined, and the regulatory framework for smaller businesses hasbeen improved.


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Trade freedom-NO change

Vietnams weighted average tariff rate was 10.6 percent in 2009. The

government has made progress in liberalizing its trade regime since

joining the World Trade Organization in 2009, but some import bansand restrictions, services market access barriers, import licensingrequirements, non-transparent regulations, state trade in somecommodities, and weak enforcement of intellectual property rights,corruption, and customs.

Fiscal freedom

Vietnam implemented tax reforms in January 2009. The top income taxrate is now 35 percent, and the top corporate tax rate is 25 percent. Oiland gas are subject to a separate taxation scheme with rates ranging from32 percent to 50 percent. No taxes are levied at the state or local levels.Other taxes include a value-added tax (VAT), an inheritance tax, and aproperty tax. In the most recent year, overall tax revenue as a percentageof GDP was 23.6 percent.

Government spending

In the most recent year, total government expenditures, includingconsumption and transfer payments, dipped slightly to 28.8 percent ofGDP. The global crisis exposed some structural vulnerabilities andforced authorities to reconsider their budget plan to hold down thedeficit. Progress in the privatization or restructuring of state-owned

enterprises is needed to help increase fiscal stability.


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Monetary freedom

High, averaging 10.9 percent between 2007 and 2009. The government influencesprices through regulation, subsidies, state-owned enterprises, banks, and utilities.Fifteen points were deducted from Vietnams monetary freedom score to accountfor measures that distort domestic prices. Inflation has been

Investment freedom

Foreign investment in many sectors of the economy is either prohibited or requiresgovernment approval. Deterrents to investment include unwieldy bureaucracy,

non-transparent regulations, corruption, and an unreliable and cumbersome legalsystem. Residents and non-residents may hold foreign exchange accounts, subjectto restrictions and government approvals. Payments and transfers are subject torestrictions. Most transactions in money market and capital instruments,derivatives, commercial credits, and direct investments require governmentapproval. All land is owned by the state.


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Bibliographies.

WWW.STATEGOVT.ORG

WWW.VIETNAM.ORGhttp://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htm

http://www.imf.org/external/index.htmhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/VIETNAMEXTN

/0,,menuPK:387571~pagePK:141159~piPK:141110~theSitePK:387565,00.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam

http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htm
http://www.stategovt.org/http://www.stategovt.org/http://www.vietnam.org/http://www.vietnam.org/http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htmhttp://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htmhttp://www.imf.org/external/index.htmhttp://www.imf.org/external/index.htmhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/VIETNAMEXTN/0,,menuPK:387571~pagePK:141159~piPK:141110~theSitePK:387565,00.htmlhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/VIETNAMEXTN/0,,menuPK:387571~pagePK:141159~piPK:141110~theSitePK:387565,00.htmlhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/VIETNAMEXTN/0,,menuPK:387571~pagePK:141159~piPK:141110~theSitePK:387565,00.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htmhttp://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htmhttp://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/VIETNAMEXTN/0,,menuPK:387571~pagePK:141159~piPK:141110~theSitePK:387565,00.htmlhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/VIETNAMEXTN/0,,menuPK:387571~pagePK:141159~piPK:141110~theSitePK:387565,00.htmlhttp://www.imf.org/external/index.htmhttp://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htmhttp://www.vietnam.org/http://www.stategovt.org/

Documents

Country Report Survey-Vietnam Group-8 Deepak Jaiswal and Group