Countering Radicalization & Terrorism in Turkey

Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

COUNTERING RADICALIZATION &

TERRORISM IN TURKEY

Dr. Bilal SEVİNÇChief [email protected]

Turkish National Police

Counter-Terrorism Department

1

OUTLINE

Terrorism in Turkey

Separatist terrorist organizations (PKK/KCK)

Violent activities of PKK/KCK

Juveniles in PKK/KCK terrorist organization

Activities of PKK/KCK in Europe

Conclusion

2 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

COUNTER-TERRORISM IN TURKEY

Turkey has had big human and economic losses in its long-lasting fight against terrorism.



CURRENTLY ACTIVE TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS IN TURKEY

4

Left Wing Terrorist Organizations

Terrorist Organizations Abusing Religion

Separatist Terrorist Organizations


5


Serial Process Action

1. Ideology Marxism/Leninism (1978)Separatism-M/L (1984)Separatism-M/L -Exploiting of religion (1990)

2. Goal Establishing a unified independent Kurdistan, covering the territories from four countries (Turkey, Iraq, Syria and Iran)

3. Strategy Long Term Public War Strategy (1978)Legal Defence Strategy (1999)Revolutionary Public War Strategy (2011)

4. Structure Kurdistan Workers Party / PKK (1978)Congress for Freedom and Democracy in Kurdistan / KADEK (2002)Congress for Kurdistan Public / KONGRA-GEL (2003)Union of Communities in Kurdistan / KCK (2007)

5. Modus Operandi

Armed attacks (Bombing, assassination, suicide attacks …) against civilians and sec. for.Public Violent Activities (illegal demonstrations, Molotov cocktail bombings, arsons, damage buildings & vehicles …)

6. Financial Sources

Trafficking (drug/human), money extortion, racketeering, taxation, donations, smuggling (commodity/fuel/cigarettes), …

7. Activities Abroad

European Kurdish Democratic Society Coordination –CDK (2004)

SEPERATIST TERRORIST ORGANIZATION: PKK/KCK (KURDISTAN WORKERS PARTY / UNION OF COMMUNITIES IN KURDISTAN)



Since 2010, 418 security officers and 111 civilians were killed and 2.329 security officers and 699 civilians injured in terrorist attacks carried out by PKK/KCK terrorist organization.

In the operations against PKK/KCK in this period; 714 terrorists were captured dead, 57 terrorists were captured injured. Also;

(161) heavy armors, (914) long barrel arms, (236) weapons, (157.620) bullets, (767.515) kg explosives were captured in these

operations.

PKK/KCK TERRORİST ORGANİZATİON



VİOLENT ACTİVİTİES OF PKK/KCK TERRORİST ORGANİZATİON

7

Since 1984, PKK/KCK terrorist organization carries out its terrorism activites and does not hesitate to kill individuals without being

selective on targets either civilians or security forces.


PKK/KCK announced the year of 2012 as the final year and asked its members to increase violent activities.

One of the military wing leaders of the terrorist group, Fehman HUSEYIN (code name Dr. Bahoz ERDAL) explained with his following statement that murders of

civilians is not important for PKK/KCK;

«It is not important to kill 50 civilians if you will be able to kill one police officer».




PKK/KCK takes the responsibility of civilian killings through its fake structure of TAK. The aim is to ;

- Clear itself from the image of being terrorist organization,

- Show its militants that they are powerfull,- Force Turkey to meet their demands .




18 October 2011- Güroymak/Bitlis

Explosive devices replaced under the road were exploded by PKK/KCK terrorist organization. (5) Police

officers and (5) civilians including a baby were killed and (3) civilians were injured.





• PKK/KCK members carjacked…• They responded to «STOP» warning of the

police with gun fire and then attempted to escape shooting around…

• Eight month-pregnant Mizgin Doru, her daughter Sultan and 1 police officer lost their lives…

• The baby Doru who was in the womb of her mother was saved but could survive only for a day and lost his life in the hospital.

• Mizgin DORU was mother of 4 children. She was pregnant for her 5th baby.



26 September 2011 - Batman

(1) Police officer and (3) civilians were killed

11


• Aziz Tan was serving as imam…• He was 49 years old…• He advised to the children «do not throw stones at

security forces!» to save the futures of children.• When he went out for Morning Prayer call in the

Holy Ramadan, PKK members shot him on his back...



12



(5) Civilians were killed,

(42) Civilians were injured

20 September 2011-ANKARA




12 September 2006Diyarbakır/Bağlar

Koşuyolu






27 June 2008İstanbul/Güngören

3 January 2008Diyarbakır



(7) Civilians – 6 of them were children-

were killed , (67) Civilians were

injured15 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP



PKK/KCK terror organization rejects or brush over their activities targetted civilians

asserting several excuses.

20 September 2011, SİİRT

(4) young girls were killed , (2) other civilians were heavily injured.




29 October 2011-Bingöl

As result of a suicide bombing attack against the building of Justice and Development Party, (3) civilians were killed and (24)

civilians were injured. 17 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP



9 August 2012İZMİR/FOÇA

20 August 2012GAZİANTEP

(10) civilians, (4) of whom were kids, were killed and

(65) Civilians were injured. (16) People were detained and (8) of

them were arrested.

(2) Security forces were killed and (9) security forces and (3) civilians were

injured. PKK/KCK also killed (3) villagers before the attack. In Sanliurfa provice

(1) terrorist was captured dead and (1) terrorist was arrested.




On 19 september 2012, The Chief Public Prosecutor of Tunceli/Ovacık was killed while going to his home as a result of armed attack of PKK/KCK members.




In the eastern part of Turkey ,PKK/KCK carries out several other activities such as; kidnapping of teachers, representatives of political parties and citizens, burning the cars, work machines and schools.



21


22


JUVENILES IN PKK/KCK TERRORIST ORGANIZATION


90 juveniles acting in PKK/KCK

terrorist organization were seized in

2012. It constitutes 13% of 671

seized PKK/KCK members in 2012.

38 juveniles were seized just

before they are about to join the

terrorist group. It constitutes 40% of

95 people who were seized before

joining PKK/KCK in 2012.


JUVENILES IN PKK/KCK TERRORIST ORGANIZATION


625 juveniles were seized during

illegal violent demonstrations

organized by PKK/KCK in 2012.

It constitutes 39% of 1595 seized

individuals joined illegal violent

demonstrations.


25

European Kurdish Democratic Society Coordination (CDK)

European Kurdish

Associations Confederation (KON-KURD)

Kurdistan National Congress (KNK)

Internationa

l Kurdish

Businesmen Union (KARSAZ)

Kurdish Red Crescent (HEYVA-SOR)

Kurdistan Islamic Community (CIK)PKK/KCK’S ACTIVITIES IN EUROPE

Directly tied to the YRD/ Democratic Press Union ;

(6) Radios,

(3) TV Channels

(2) News Agencies,

(7) News Papers,

(45)Periodicals

(Magazines),



26

European Kurdish Democratic Society Coordination (CDK)

European Kurdish

Associations Confederation (KON-KURD)

Kurdistan National Congress (KNK)

Internationa

l Kurdish

Businesmen Union (KARSAZ)

Kurdish Red Crescent (HEYVA-SOR)

Kurdistan Islamic Community (CIK)

PKK/KCK’S ACTIVITIES IN EUROPE

CDK: Caries out its activities in Europe through 400 different organizations by abusing some terms such as “humanitarian, cultural, rights and freedoms etc.”

KON-KURD: Recruitment activities and also promotes Kurdish language, culture and identity..

KNK: Responsible from political activities (i.e. freedom to Ocalan, clearing out the PKK/KCK’s name from EU terror organizations list…).

KARSAZ: Financial activities for PKK/KCK

HEYVA-SOR: Gives financial and logistical support to PKK/KCK under the mask of humanitarian aid organization

CIK: Under the mask of religious organization, carries out PKK/KCK related activities .




PKK/KCK terror organization uses Europe for;

- Propaganda

- Recruitment

- Finance




ANKARA22 May 2007

Çiğdem (K) Gönül ERDOĞAN captured with 5 kg of C-4

explosive in İstanbul in October 2008 and joined PKK/KCK from

Germany

İZMİR21 August 2008

İSTANBUL11 October 2008

ÖMER-AMED (C) Bünyamin SÜRME, Joined PKK/KCK in

2000 from Greece

ANDOK (C) Güven AKKUŞ,

Joined PKK/KCK in 1998 from

Holland




Joined PKK/KCK from Germany in 2006 and captured in Ankara on on 17 October 2010. During the search of this individual’s home following materials were seized;

-(11,5) kg chemical explosives,-(4) handgranades, -(2) Kalashnikov rifles,-(1) fake ID card.



EUROPE AS A SOURCE OF FİNANCİNG PKK/KCK

• PKK/KCK terror organization collects 20 million Euro from Europe

in a year. • 3 million out of 20 million

is sent to PKK/KCK camps. • Legal structures of PKK/KCK is funded by

Economic and Financial Unit (EMB in Turkish).



EUROPE AS A SOURCE OF FİNANCİNG PKK/KCK

Terrorists’ needs such as logistical, food , weapon and health are met

with the money collected from various sources.

Also, weapons and explosive materials which were/are used to kill many innocent civilians and security

forces were/are bought with this money. 31 Counter-Terrorism Department of TNP

CONCLUSION

32

PKK/KCK terrorist organization has used violence against civilians in its all history…

Its ideology/strategy/goal/structure/modus operandi/financial and activities in Turkey and abroad contain violence against civilians.

Its violence against civilians is a result of a chain of command that it is systematic from leadership/executive committee to armed militants.

At the beginning violence against civilians was an instrument, it is now the goal of the PKK/KCK.

Activities and financial sources of some other structures of PKK/KCK that acts under legal appearances such as TV channels, radio, newspaper, journals, associations, cultural centers must be investigated and be made subject to the judicial process.


CONCLUSION

33

General Issues:

Cooperation through information sharing is important in the fight against terrorism.

Individuals subject to red bulletin should be extradited; documents captured during the operations should be shared, and activities of the groups in other countries should be decoded/prevented.

In order to share experiences, trainings and capacity building activities between the countries have due importance.

Given that terror organizations have some legal extensions in other countries, their activities in terms of supporting terrorist group should be kept under strict control.

Countries should not allow terrorist groups’ financing and recruitment activities through legal extensions.

Some members of the terrorist organizations seek asylum In Europe with fake allegations against Turkey. We kindly request other countries to ask Turkey before accepting asylum seekers.


34

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Documents

Countering Radicalization & Terrorism in Turkey